A kind of automatic detector of penetration
By designing an automatic penetration tester, which uses a running mechanism and a camera to automatically calculate the penetration of the hammer, the problem of time-consuming, labor-intensive, and inaccurate traditional manual measurement is solved, and efficient and accurate penetration detection is achieved.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- GUIYANG CLOUDS GEOTECHNICAL ENG CO LTD
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-08
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-24
AI Technical Summary
Traditional penetration measurement methods rely on manual operation, which is time-consuming, inefficient, and inaccurate, making it difficult to accurately detect the penetration of the hammer.
Design an automatic penetration tester that uses a running mechanism to drive an inkjet mechanism to mark the steel rope of the ramming hammer twice with inkjet ink, and uses a camera to collect images and a controller to automatically calculate the penetration, reducing manual intervention.
It enables efficient and accurate penetration measurement, simplifies the operation process, improves work efficiency, reduces labor costs, and enhances measurement accuracy.
Smart Images
Figure CN224549217U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of construction machinery and equipment, and more particularly to the field of pile driver hammer penetration testing, specifically an automatic penetration testing instrument. Background Technology
[0002] Multi-functional pile drivers are engineering machinery used in building construction for foundation pile hole formation. They have functions such as soil compaction drilling, pile hole bottom compaction and enlargement, and rock foundation down-the-hole drilling. Pile hole bottom compaction is a key process in the construction of multi-functional pile drivers. Penetration is an important indicator for measuring whether the bottom of the pile hole is compacted and is an important parameter for the bearing capacity of composite foundation piles. Penetration refers to the depth to which the bottom of the hammer penetrates the soil during the last three hammer blows at the bottom of the pile hole. Because the hammer is in free fall during the hammering process, the steel cable suspending the hammer is disconnected from the pulley through which it passes. Therefore, it is not feasible to use an encoder mounted on the pulley to measure the number of pulley rotations and convert it into the distance traveled by the steel cable. Accurate automatic detection of penetration has always been a difficult problem.
[0003] The current manual measurement method is as follows: a marker position is set, the steel cable is tightened before the last three hammer blows, and a line is sprayed on the steel cable at the marked position; after the last three hammer blows, another line is sprayed on the steel cable at the marked position, and the distance between the two lines is measured with a tape measure, which is the penetration depth of the pile. This measurement is carried out by a dedicated person, which is labor-intensive, time-consuming, inefficient, and inaccurate. Therefore, an automatic penetration depth detector is proposed to solve the above-mentioned problems. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic penetration tester to solve the problems of traditional measurement methods mentioned in the background art, which rely on manual operation, are labor-intensive, time-consuming, inefficient, and have poor accuracy.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: An automatic penetration tester includes: The frame has a steel rope through hole for the steel rope of the hammer to be tested to pass through. The frame consists of a base plate, a support frame mounted on the base plate, a horizontal plate mounted on the support frame, and a mounting plate mounted horizontally on the front of the support frame. The operating mechanism is mounted laterally on the front of the frame; The inkjet mechanism is driven by the operating mechanism to move horizontally to directly above the steel rope of the ramming hammer to be tested, so as to perform two inkjet markings on the steel rope of the ramming hammer before and after the ramming hammer. The penetration measurement and display unit includes a controller and a camera mounted on a frame. The camera is located above the inkjet mechanism and is used to acquire images of the distance between the inkjet markings before and after the hammer to transmit to the controller. The controller processes the images to measure the penetration of the hammer. The operating mechanism is provided with a first limit switch and a second limit switch on both sides to limit the range of left or right movement of the inkjet mechanism. The first limit switch and the second limit switch are electrically connected to the controller.
[0006] Furthermore, the operating mechanism includes a servo motor and a ball screw arranged laterally on the front of the mounting plate, and guide rails distributed on the upper and lower sides of the ball screw and laterally connected to the front of the mounting plate, with sliders slidably connected on the guide rails; the output shaft of the servo motor is connected to the ball screw via a coupling, and a bearing seat is installed at the end of the ball screw, which is connected to the front of the mounting plate.
[0007] Furthermore, the mounting plate is detachably connected to the front of the support frame by a first fastener. The main appearance of the mounting plate is rectangular, and the mounting plate has mounting holes spaced apart for the first fastener to pass through. The overall shape of the mounting holes is an elliptical waist-shaped hole structure.
[0008] Furthermore, an L-shaped support plate is connected to the left side of the front of the mounting plate. A second through hole is provided on the left side of the horizontal section of the support plate. The support plate is detachably connected to the front of the mounting plate by a second fastener. The second fastener and the first fastener are locked with screws or bolts.
[0009] Furthermore, the inkjet mechanism includes an inkjet cartridge connected to the front of the slider, an inkjet bottle placed horizontally inside the inkjet cartridge cavity, and a slot formed at the bottom of the inkjet cartridge, with a nozzle provided at the bottle opening facing left.
[0010] Furthermore, a first perforation is provided on the left side of the inkjet cartridge, opposite to the bottle opening. A top rod for movably sealing the bottle opening passes through the first perforation, and the left end of the top rod extends laterally out of the second perforation cavity. The main appearance of the inkjet cartridge is an inverted "L" shape.
[0011] Furthermore, a shock-absorbing pad is provided between the bottom of the base plate and the support frame. This shock-absorbing pad is a rubber pad used to reduce the impact of external vibrations on the detector.
[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: This invention features simple operation, convenient use, high work efficiency, high degree of automation, and more accurate measurement structure. It can drive the inkjet mechanism to perform two inkjet markings on the steel rope of the ramming hammer to be measured through the running mechanism. The marking of the steel rope of the ramming hammer to be measured can be completed without the need for special personnel. The labor cost is low and the operation is simple. The camera is used to collect images of the distance between the two inkjet markings. The controller automatically and quickly calculates the collected images and can obtain more accurate measurement data in a short time. It has high work efficiency and is convenient to use. Attached Figure Description
[0013] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural view of the automatic penetration tester of this utility model in its first usage state; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural view of the operating mechanism of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a structural front view of the automatic penetration tester of this utility model in its first usage state; Figure 4 This is a left view of the structure of the automatic penetration tester of this utility model in its first usage state; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the automatic penetration tester of this utility model in its second usage state; Figure 6 This is a structural front view of the automatic penetration tester of this utility model in its second usage state.
[0014] In the diagram: 1. Base plate; 2. Shock-absorbing pad; 3. Support frame; 301. Steel rope perforation; 4. Horizontal plate; 5. Mounting plate; 501. First fastener; 502. Mounting hole; 6. First limit switch; 7. Second limit switch; 8. Running mechanism; 801. Motor mounting base; 802. Servo motor; 8021. Output shaft; 8022. Coupling; 803. Ball screw; 804. Guide rail; 805. Slider; 806. Bearing seat; 9. Steel rope of the hammer to be tested; 10. Camera; 11. Inkjet cartridge; 1101. Inkjet bottle; 1102. Nozzle; 1103. Through hole; 1104. Slot; 1105. First perforation; 12. Support plate; 1201. Second fastener; 1202. Second perforation; 13. Top rod; 14. Controller. Detailed Implementation
[0015] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0016] Please see Figure 1-6 This invention provides a technical solution for an automatic penetration testing instrument, comprising a frame, a running mechanism 8, an inkjet mechanism, and a penetration measurement and display unit. The frame has a steel rope through-hole 301 for the steel rope 9 of the hammer to be tested to pass through. The frame consists of a base plate 1, a support frame 3 mounted on the base plate 1, a horizontal plate 4 mounted on the support frame 3, and a mounting plate 5 horizontally mounted on the front of the support frame 3. A shock-absorbing pad 2, which is a rubber pad, is provided between the bottom of the base plate 1 and the support frame 3 to reduce the impact of the test. The instrument is affected by external vibrations; the running mechanism 8 is horizontally mounted on the front of the frame; the running mechanism 8 includes a servo motor 802 and a ball screw 803 horizontally mounted on the front of the mounting plate 5, and guide rails 804 distributed on the upper and lower sides of the ball screw 803 and horizontally connected to the front of the mounting plate 5. A slider 805 is slidably connected on the guide rail 804. There are two sets of guide rails 804 and sliders 805, and the guide rails 804 and sliders 805 correspond one-to-one; the output shaft 8021 of the servo motor 802 is connected via a coupling The shaft assembly 8022 and the ball screw 803 are integrated into one unit. A bearing housing 806 is mounted at the end of the ball screw 803, and the bearing housing 806 is connected to the front of the mounting plate 5. A motor mounting base 801 is provided at the bottom of the servo motor 802 where it contacts the mounting plate 5. The mounting plate 5 is detachably connected to the front of the support frame 3 via a first fastener 501. The mounting plate 5 has a rectangular main shape, and mounting holes 50 are spaced apart on its surface for the first fastener 501 to pass through. 2. The overall shape of the mounting hole 502 is an elliptical waist-shaped hole structure, which allows for a certain amount of adjustment in the vertical position of the mounting plate 5, so as to ensure that the distance between the inkjet mechanism and the steel rope 9 of the hammer to be tested is adjustable; the front left side of the mounting plate 5 is connected to the support plate 12 with an "L" shaped structure. The horizontal section of the support plate 12 has a second through hole 1202 on the left side. The support plate 12 is detachably connected to the front of the mounting plate 5 by the second fastener 1201. The second fastener 1201 and the first fastener 501 are, but not limited to, locking screws or bolts.
[0017] In this embodiment, the inkjet mechanism is driven by the running mechanism 8 to move horizontally to directly above the test hammer steel rope 9, so as to perform two inkjet markings on the test hammer steel rope 9 before and after hammering. The inkjet mechanism includes an inkjet cartridge 11 connected to the front of the slider 805, an inkjet bottle 1101 placed horizontally in the inner cavity of the inkjet cartridge 11, and a slot 1104 opened at the bottom of the inkjet cartridge 11. The nozzle 1102 is provided at the bottle mouth facing the left of the inkjet bottle 1101. A first through hole 1105 is opened on the left side of the inkjet cartridge 11 opposite to the bottle mouth. A top rod 13 for movable sealing of the bottle mouth passes horizontally through the first through hole 1105. The left end of the top rod 13 extends horizontally out of the cavity of the second through hole 1202. The main appearance of the inkjet cartridge 11 is an inverted "L" shape. The inside of the inkjet cartridge 11 is provided with a through hole 1103 communicating with the cavity of the slot 1104.
[0018] In this embodiment, the penetration measurement and display unit includes a controller 14 and a camera 10 mounted on a frame. The controller 14 is mounted on a horizontal plate 4, and the camera 10 is mounted at the bottom center of the horizontal plate 4. The camera 10 is located above the inkjet mechanism and is used to collect images of the distance between the inkjet markings before and after the hammer and transmit them to the controller 14. The controller 14 processes the images to measure the penetration of the hammer. The running mechanism 8 is provided with a first limit switch 6 and a second limit switch 7 on both sides to limit the range of left or right movement of the inkjet mechanism. The first limit switch 6 and the second limit switch 7 are electrically connected to the controller 14.
[0019] In operation, the automatic penetration tester first passes the free end of the steel rope 9 to be tested through the steel rope through hole 301. Then, the hammer of the multi-functional pile driver strikes the bottom of the pile hole, i.e., in front of the hammer. When the running mechanism 8 drives the inkjet mechanism to move horizontally to the left, the slot 1104 of the inkjet cartridge 11 moves directly above the steel rope 9 to be tested, until the first limit switch 6 receives a signal and stops the servo motor 802. The inkjet mechanism then performs the first inkjet marking on the steel rope 9 to be tested. When the running mechanism 8 drives the inkjet mechanism to move horizontally to the left to the second limit switch 6, the instrument performs the second inkjet marking. When switch 7 sends a signal to stop the servo motor 802, the steel rope 9 of the hammer to be tested is straightened, and then the running mechanism 8 is driven to move the inkjet mechanism to the left horizontally to perform a second inkjet marking on the steel rope 9 of the hammer to be tested. After the second inkjet marking, the running mechanism 8 is driven to move the inkjet mechanism to the right horizontally until the second limit switch 7 sends a signal to stop. The camera 10 collects the distance between the first inkjet marking and the second inkjet marking, and the controller 14 calculates the distance value between the two inkjet markings to obtain the penetration degree of the hammer.
[0020] It should be noted that the inkjet cartridge 11 is equipped with a bottle clamp for mounting the inkjet bottle 1101; the push rod 13 is fixed on the support plate 12. When the inkjet mechanism moves to the inkjet position, the push rod 13 can hold the top of the inkjet bottle 1101, so that the inkjet bottle 1101 can spray ink; the inkjet bottle 1101 stores ink for marking; the servo motor 802 is fixed on the mounting plate 5 through the motor mounting base 801 and is the power source of the motion mechanism. It is connected to the ball screw 803 through the coupling 8022; one end of the ball screw 803 is connected to the servo motor 802, and the other end is mounted on the bearing seat 806. Under the drive of the servo motor 802, it can rotate forward and backward around its central axis, so that the ball screw 803 can rotate forward and backward to drive the slider 805 to move horizontally to the left or right along the guide rail 804.
[0021] The working principle of the automatic penetration tester is as follows: When the hammer strikes the bottom of the pile hole, and only three hammer blows remain, the hammering stops, the steel cable 9 of the hammer to be tested is straightened, and the automatic penetration tester is started. At this time, the inkjet mechanism is located on the right side under the drive of the running mechanism 8. At this time, the servo motor 802 is started, and the controller 14 controls the inkjet cartridge 11 to mark the steel cable 9 of the hammer to be tested with ink. The moving mechanism 8 drives the inkjet mechanism to move to the left. When the slot 1104 of the inkjet cartridge 11 moves directly above the steel cable 9 of the hammer to be tested, the top rod 13 passes through the first through hole 1105 and presses down on the inkjet bottle 110. At the top, inkjet bottle 1101 sprays ink. At this time, the first limit switch 6 receives a signal, the servo motor 802 stops running, and the entire operating mechanism 8 stops, with a 0.5-second delay before inkjet spraying. The ink sprayed by inkjet bottle 1101 is sprayed through nozzle 1102, through hole 1103, and slot 1104 onto the steel rope 9 of the hammer to be tested, forming a line perpendicular to the steel rope, making the first inkjet marking. After inkjet spraying is completed, controller 14 controls servo motor 802 to rotate in the opposite direction, thereby rotating ball screw 803 to drive slider 805 to move horizontally, so as to drive inkjet mechanism to move to the right, to the second... Limit switch 7 sends a signal to stop; the tamping hammer strikes the bottom of the hole three more times, then stops tamping, straightens the steel cable 9 of the tamping hammer to be tested, and uses controller 14 to perform inkjet marking again for a second inkjet marking; after the second inkjet marking is completed, servo motor 802 reverses, driving the inkjet mechanism to the right, until the first limit switch 6 sends a signal to stop; under normal circumstances, because three more hammer blows are performed, the bottom of the tamping hammer should penetrate a certain depth into the ground, so there should be a certain distance between the first inkjet marking line and the second inkjet marking line, and this distance is the penetration depth. At this time, the camera 10 captures images of the steel cable and transmits the captured content to the controller 14 to calculate the distance between the two lines, thereby automatically measuring the penetration depth of the ram. The controller 14 can be, but is not limited to, a PLC controller or a control computer. The camera 10 is located directly above the steel cable 9 of the ram to be measured so as to collect the distance between the two inkjet marking lines. The camera 10 can be, but is not limited to, a Sony HXR-NX200 or a Canon EOS-C70 camera. The structure and principle of the controller 14 and the camera 10 are well-known technologies in the market, so they will not be described in detail here.
[0022] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.
[0023] The above embodiments only illustrate preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be understood that for those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the concept of the present utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present utility model. In the present utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "joining", "fixing", etc. should be interpreted broadly. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; it can be a mechanical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Among them, there are various ways of detachable installation, such as by plugging and snapping, or by bolt connection, etc.
[0024] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. An automatic penetration tester, characterized in that, include: The frame has a steel rope through hole for the steel rope of the hammer to be tested to pass through. The frame consists of a base plate, a support frame mounted on the base plate, a horizontal plate mounted on the support frame, and a mounting plate mounted horizontally on the front of the support frame. The operating mechanism is mounted laterally on the front of the frame; The inkjet mechanism is driven by the operating mechanism to move horizontally to directly above the steel rope of the ramming hammer to be tested, so as to perform two inkjet markings on the steel rope of the ramming hammer before and after the ramming hammer. The penetration measurement and display unit includes a controller and a camera mounted on a frame. The camera is located above the inkjet mechanism and is used to acquire images of the distance between the inkjet markings before and after the hammer to transmit to the controller. The controller processes the images to measure the penetration of the hammer. The operating mechanism is provided with a first limit switch and a second limit switch on both sides to limit the range of left or right movement of the inkjet mechanism. The first limit switch and the second limit switch are electrically connected to the controller.
2. The automatic penetration tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The operating mechanism includes a servo motor and a ball screw arranged laterally on the front of the mounting plate, and guide rails distributed on the upper and lower sides of the ball screw and laterally connected to the front of the mounting plate. A slider is slidably connected to the guide rail. The output shaft of the servo motor is connected to the ball screw via a coupling. The end of the ball screw is equipped with a bearing seat, which is connected to the front of the mounting plate.
3. The automatic penetration tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting plate is detachably connected to the front of the support frame by a first fastener. The main appearance of the mounting plate is rectangular, and the mounting plate has mounting holes spaced apart for the first fastener to pass through. The overall shape of the mounting holes is an elliptical waist-shaped hole structure.
4. The automatic penetration tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting plate has an L-shaped support plate connected to the left side of the front side. The support plate has a second through hole on the left side of the horizontal section. The support plate is detachably connected to the front side of the mounting plate by a second fastener. The second fastener and the first fastener are locked with screws or bolts.
5. The automatic penetration tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inkjet mechanism includes an inkjet cartridge connected to the front of the slider, an inkjet bottle placed horizontally inside the inkjet cartridge cavity, and a slot opened at the bottom of the inkjet cartridge. A nozzle is provided at the bottle opening facing left of the inkjet bottle.
6. The automatic penetration tester according to claim 5, characterized in that: The inkjet cartridge has a first perforation on its left side opposite to the bottle opening. A push rod for movably sealing the bottle opening passes through the first perforation. The left end of the push rod extends laterally out of the second perforation cavity. The main appearance of the inkjet cartridge is an inverted "L" shape.
7. The automatic penetration tester according to claim 1, characterized in that: A shock-absorbing pad is provided between the bottom of the base plate and the support frame. This shock-absorbing pad is a rubber pad used to reduce the impact of external vibrations on the detector.