Rotating machinery
By combining an oil bath structure and an oil spray structure with an oil circuit control device, the problem of lubrication failure under high speed or extreme conditions in traditional bearing lubrication methods is solved, achieving efficient lubrication of bearings, extending service life and improving the operating performance of rotating machinery.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- GREE ELECTRIC APPLIANCE INC OF ZHUHAI
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-24
AI Technical Summary
Traditional bearing lubrication methods are prone to failure under high-speed or extreme operating conditions, failing to meet the requirements of timely and uniform lubrication, leading to increased friction and wear, and affecting the operating efficiency and reliability of rotating machinery.
The system employs a combination of oil bath and oil spray structures with an oil circuit control device. By switching between the oil bath and oil spray structures at different speeds, the system ensures uniform lubrication of the bearing at all speeds, forming a stable oil film and reducing friction and wear.
It achieves timely and sufficient lubrication of bearings at different speeds, extends bearing life, reduces mechanical noise, and improves the operating efficiency and reliability of rotating machinery.
Smart Images
Figure CN224550643U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of rotating machinery technology, and in particular to a rotating machine. Background Technology
[0002] Bearing lubrication is a crucial aspect of the design and operation of rotating machinery. It reduces friction and wear between internal bearing components, extends bearing life, and improves the efficiency and reliability of the machinery. Traditional bearing lubrication methods primarily rely on manual oiling or simple lubrication devices such as drip lubrication. However, as rotating machinery becomes increasingly high-speed, heavy-duty, precise, and complex, traditional lubrication methods may fail to form a stable oil film under high-speed or extreme conditions, leading to lubrication failure. In complex rotating machinery, traditional lubrication methods may also fail to meet the requirements for timely and uniform lubrication.
[0003] The above statements are for the purpose of providing background information in relation to this application only, and do not necessarily constitute prior art. Utility Model Content
[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a rotating machine that solves the problem that traditional bearing lubrication methods fail under high speed or extreme conditions, or cannot meet the requirements of timely and uniform lubrication in complex rotating machinery.
[0005] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of this application provides a rotating machine, comprising: a rotor, including a rotating shaft; a bearing, sleeved on the rotating shaft for supporting rotor rotation; and a lubrication device; wherein the lubrication device comprises: an oil bath structure, including a lubrication chamber and a first oil delivery path, the lubrication chamber communicating with the bearing chamber of the bearing, the first oil delivery path being configured to deliver oil to the lubrication chamber; an oil spraying structure, including a second oil delivery path, the end of the second oil delivery path having an oil spray nozzle, the oil spray nozzle being configured to spray oil onto the bearing; and an oil circuit control device, configured to control the on / off state of the first oil delivery path and the second oil delivery path.
[0006] In some embodiments of rotating machinery, the lubrication device includes a first surface opposite to the axial end face of the bearing, with an oil injection port located on the first surface; and / or a second oil delivery path includes a first flow channel extending axially along the bearing, with an oil injection port located at the end of the first flow channel.
[0007] In some embodiments of rotating machinery, the second oil delivery path includes multiple oil injection ports located outside the lubrication chamber and distributed circumferentially along the bearing.
[0008] In some embodiments of rotating machinery, the second oil delivery path further includes an annular groove arranged circumferentially along the bearing and communicating with a plurality of oil injection ports; and / or the oil circuit control device is configured to control the independent on / off state of each oil injection port.
[0009] In some embodiments of rotating machinery, the second oil delivery path includes a plurality of second channels corresponding one-to-one with a plurality of oil injection ports, and the second channels connect the annular groove and the corresponding oil injection port.
[0010] In some embodiments of rotating machinery, the second oil delivery path includes a plurality of first channels extending along the axial direction of the bearing and corresponding one-to-one with a plurality of oil injection ports. Each oil injection port is disposed at the end of the corresponding first channel. The second channel extends radially along the bearing. The radially outer end of the second channel is disposed at the bottom of the annular groove. The radially inner end of the second channel is connected to the end of the corresponding first channel away from the oil injection port.
[0011] In some embodiments of rotating machinery, the bearing includes an inner ring, an outer ring, and rolling elements disposed between the inner and outer rings, and the oil injection port is configured to inject oil into a position near the radially outer edge of the axial end of the inner ring.
[0012] In some embodiments of the rotating machinery, the position of the oil injection port satisfies Where P is the oil pressure at the injection port, in Pa, and ρ is the oil density, in kg / m³. 3 g is the acceleration due to gravity, with units of m / s². 2 H is the radial distance between the oil injection port and the outer circumference of the inner ring along the bearing, in meters (m). L is the axial distance between the oil injection port and the rolling element along the bearing, in meters. H is less than or equal to the radius of the rolling element.
[0013] In some embodiments of rotating machinery, the first oil delivery path includes: a third flow channel, the first end of which is used to introduce oil into the first oil delivery path; and a fourth flow channel, which connects the second end of the third flow channel and the lubrication chamber.
[0014] In some embodiments of rotating machinery, a siphon groove is included, which is configured to drain excess oil from lubrication devices and bearings.
[0015] In some embodiments of rotating machinery, a limiting baffle is provided at the end of the bearing away from the oil injection port. The limiting baffle includes a second surface opposite to the axial end face of the rotor, and the siphon groove is formed by a groove formed on the second surface and the axial end face.
[0016] In some embodiments of rotating machinery, the oil bath structure and the oil spraying structure are integrated.
[0017] In some embodiments, the rotating machinery is a compressor.
[0018] By setting up a lubrication device that includes an oil bath structure, an oil spray structure, and an oil circuit control device, the lubrication device can be controlled by the oil circuit control device to lubricate the bearings in a timely and sufficient manner at different speeds of rotating machinery using the oil bath structure and / or the oil spray structure. This forms a uniform oil film on the bearings, which facilitates efficient lubrication of the bearings at various speeds of rotating machinery, reduces friction and wear between internal bearing parts, extends the service life of the bearings, reduces mechanical noise from the bearings, and improves the operating efficiency and reliability of rotating machinery.
[0019] Other features and advantages of this application will become clear from the following detailed description of exemplary embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description
[0020] The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of this application and form part of this application, illustrate exemplary embodiments and are used to explain this application, but do not constitute an undue limitation of this application. In the drawings:
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of a rotating machine according to an embodiment of this application.
[0022] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial schematic cross-sectional view of a position of a rotating machine in a machine.
[0023] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the lubrication device for rotating machinery.
[0024] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic cross-sectional view of the lubrication device.
[0025] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional view at point AA.
[0026] Figure 6 for Figure 2 A schematic enlarged cross-sectional view of point M.
[0027] Figure 7 for Figure 1 A partial schematic cross-sectional view of another location of the rotating machinery.
[0028] Figure 8 for Figure 1 A partial schematic cross-sectional view of another position of the rotating machinery in the process.
[0029] Figure 9 for Figure 1 A schematic enlarged cross-sectional view of point N.
[0030] Figures 1 to 9 In the figures, the labels represent:
[0031] 10. Rotor; 11. Shaft; 20. Bearing; 21. Inner ring; 22. Outer ring; 23. Rolling element; 24. Bearing chamber; 30. Lubrication device; 31. Lubrication chamber; 32. First oil delivery path; 321. Third channel; 322. Fourth channel; 33. Second oil delivery path; 33A. Injector; 331. First channel; 332. Annular groove; 333. Second channel; 34. Siphon groove; 35. First surface; 36. Oil bath structure oil delivery pipe; 37. Injection structure oil delivery pipe; C. Cover; 40. Limiting baffle; 41. Second surface; S. Bearing housing. Detailed Implementation
[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit this application or its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.
[0033] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of this application. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following drawings denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it need not be further discussed in subsequent drawings.
[0034] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this application.
[0035] In the description of this application, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is usually based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this application; the directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.
[0036] Furthermore, when an element is referred to as being "on" another element, the element may be directly on the other element, or it may be indirectly on the other element with one or more intermediate elements inserted between them. Additionally, when an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, the element may be directly connected to the other element, or it may be indirectly connected to the other element with one or more intermediate elements inserted between them. In the following drawings, the same reference numerals denote the same elements.
[0037] Unless otherwise required by the content, throughout the following description, the word “including” and its variations, such as “comprising” and “having”, will be interpreted in an open-ended, inclusive sense, that is, as “including but not limited to”.
[0038] In this application, "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), and similarly, "multiple groups" refers to two or more (including two).
[0039] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of this utility model described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
[0040] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the rotating machinery in this embodiment includes a rotor 10, a bearing 20, and a lubrication device 30. The rotor 10 includes a shaft 11. The bearing 20 is mounted on the shaft 11 and supports the rotation of the rotor 10. The lubrication device 30 includes an oil bath structure, an oil spray structure, and an oil circuit control device. The oil bath structure includes a lubrication chamber 31 and a first oil delivery path 32. The lubrication chamber 31 communicates with the bearing chamber 24 of the bearing 20. The first oil delivery path 32 is configured to deliver oil to the lubrication chamber 31. The oil spray structure includes a second oil delivery path 33. The end of the second oil delivery path 33 has an oil spray nozzle 33A, which is configured to spray oil onto the bearing 20. The oil circuit control device is configured to control the on / off state of the first oil delivery path 32 and the second oil delivery path 33.
[0041] By incorporating a lubrication device 30 that includes an oil bath structure, an oil spray structure, and an oil circuit control device, the lubrication device 30 can be controlled by the oil circuit control device to lubricate the bearing 20 promptly and adequately at different speeds of the rotating machinery using the oil bath structure and / or the oil spray structure. This forms a uniform oil film on the bearing 20, facilitating efficient lubrication of the bearing 20 at various speeds of the rotating machinery, reducing friction and wear between internal parts of the bearing 20, extending the service life of the bearing 20, reducing mechanical noise of the bearing 20, and simultaneously improving the operating efficiency and reliability of the rotating machinery. The oil circuit control device is not shown in the figure, but may include, for example, valves and / or pumps that control the opening and closing of the first oil delivery path 32 and the second oil delivery path 33.
[0042] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in some embodiments of rotating machinery, the lubrication device 30 includes a first surface 35 opposite to the axial end face of the bearing 20, and an oil injection port 33A is located on the first surface 35; and / or the second oil delivery path 33 includes a first flow channel 331 extending axially along the bearing 20, and the oil injection port 33A is disposed at the end of the first flow channel 331.
[0043] By providing an oil nozzle 33A on the first surface 35, oil can be sprayed onto the end of the bearing 20 near the nozzle 33A. The oil droplets sprayed onto the surface of the bearing 20 are evenly distributed during the bearing 20's rotation, forming an oil film. This lubricates the bearing 20, reduces friction and wear between internal parts, and extends the bearing 20's service life. The oil nozzle 33A is located at the end of the first flow channel 331 extending axially along the bearing 20. This allows the oil sprayed from the nozzle 33A to directly impact the bearing 20's surface, facilitating rapid dispersion of the oil droplets and enabling the bearing 20 to more quickly and evenly distribute and form an oil film during rotation.
[0044] like Figure 3 and Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments of rotating machinery, the second oil delivery path 33 includes a plurality of oil injection ports 33A, which are located outside the lubrication chamber 31 and distributed circumferentially along the bearing 20.
[0045] By setting multiple oil injection ports 33A, the flow rate of oil injected into the bearing 20 is increased, resulting in more thorough lubrication of the bearing 20. By positioning the multiple oil injection ports 33A outside the lubrication chamber 31 and distributing them circumferentially along the bearing 20, the oil sprayed onto the bearing 20 is more uniform, facilitating the formation of a more uniform oil film. This reduces friction and wear between internal parts of the bearing 20, thereby improving the lubrication effect. With the number of oil injection ports 33A adjustable, the flow rate of the oil injection can also be adjusted according to operational requirements.
[0046] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, in some embodiments of the rotating machinery, the second oil delivery path 33 further includes an annular groove 332, which is arranged circumferentially along the bearing 20 and communicates with a plurality of oil injection ports 33A; and / or the oil circuit control device is configured to control the independent opening and closing of each oil injection port 33A.
[0047] By providing an annular groove 332 connected to multiple oil injection ports 33A, oil is easily distributed to each oil injection port 33A through the annular groove 332. This ensures that the oil distributed to each oil injection port 33A is approximately the same, thereby promoting more uniform oil spraying onto the bearing 20 and forming a more uniform oil film. The oil circuit control device independently controls the on / off state of each oil injection port 33A, allowing control of the number of oil injection ports 33A open according to the operating needs of the rotating machinery. This ensures sufficient lubrication of the bearing 20 while saving energy.
[0048] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, in some embodiments of the rotating machinery, the second oil delivery path 33 includes a plurality of second channels 333 corresponding to a plurality of oil injection ports 33A, and the second channels 333 connect the annular groove 332 and the corresponding oil injection port 33A.
[0049] By setting multiple second flow channels 333 corresponding to multiple oil injection ports 33A, and the second flow channels 333 connecting the annular groove 332 and the corresponding oil injection ports 33A, the oil delivered to the annular groove 332 can be distributed to multiple oil injection ports 33A through the multiple second flow channels 333, which is beneficial to uniformly distribute the oil injection amount of the multiple oil injection ports 33A and uniformly lubricate the bearing 20.
[0050] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, in some embodiments of rotating machinery, the second oil delivery path 33 includes a plurality of first channels 331 extending axially along the bearing 20 and corresponding one-to-one with a plurality of oil injection ports 33A. Each oil injection port 33A is disposed at the end of the corresponding first channel 331. The second channel 333 extends radially along the bearing 20. The radially outer end of the second channel 333 is disposed at the bottom of the annular groove 332. The radially inner end of the second channel 333 is connected to the end of the corresponding first channel 331 away from the oil injection port 33A.
[0051] By setting a first flow channel 331 extending axially along the bearing 20 to connect the second flow channel 333 and the oil injection port 33A, the oil distributed to the oil injection port 33A through the second flow channel 333 is guided by the first flow channel 331 and sprayed out axially along the bearing 20. This facilitates the oil sprayed from the oil injection port 33A to directly hit the surface of the bearing 20, and facilitates the rapid dispersion of oil droplets sprayed onto the surface of the bearing 20, so that the oil film is more quickly and evenly distributed during the rotation of the bearing 20. The first flow channel 331 extends axially and the second flow channel 333 extends radially, which also facilitates a shorter flow channel and less resistance to the oil while ensuring that the oil can be guided and evenly distributed.
[0052] like Figure 7 As shown, in some embodiments of rotating machinery, the bearing 20 includes an inner ring 21, an outer ring 22, and a rolling element 23 disposed between the inner ring 21 and the outer ring 22, and the oil injection port 33A is configured to inject oil into a position near the radially outer edge of the axial end of the inner ring 21.
[0053] By spraying oil through the oil nozzle 33A to a position near the radially outer edge of the axial end of the inner ring 21, the oil can quickly reach the outer circumferential surface of the inner ring 21 and the lower surface of the rolling element 23. With the movement of the inner ring 21 and the rolling element 23, the oil can be evenly distributed to the outer circumference of the bearing inner ring 21, the outer surface of the rolling element 23, and the inner circumference of the outer ring 22, thereby forming an oil film on the surfaces of the inner ring 21, outer ring 22, and rolling element 23 of the bearing 20. This reduces wear on the inner ring 21, outer ring 22, and rolling element 23 of the bearing 20, extending the service life of the bearing 20. Figure 1 As shown, bearing 20 is, for example, a roller bearing. In embodiments not shown, the bearing may also be other types of bearings such as ball bearings.
[0054] like Figure 9 As shown, in some embodiments of the rotating machinery, the position of the oil injection port 33A satisfies Where P is the oil pressure at injection port 33A, in Pa, and ρ is the oil density, in kg / m³. 3 g is the acceleration due to gravity, with units of m / s². 2 H is the radial distance between the oil injection port 33A and the outer circumferential surface of the inner ring 21 along the bearing 20, in meters; L is the axial distance between the oil injection port 33A and the rolling element 23 along the bearing 20, in meters; where H is less than or equal to the radius of the rolling element 23.
[0055] The position of the oil injector 33A ensures that the radial distance H between the oil injector 33A and the outer circumference of the inner ring 21 along the bearing 20 satisfies a specific relationship with the distance L between the oil injector 33A and the end face of the adjacent oil injector 33A on the bearing 20. This ensures that the oil sprayed from the oil injector 33A can quickly cover the area where the rolling element 23 contacts the inner ring 21, thereby improving the accuracy and lubrication efficiency of the oil spray from the oil injector 33A. By setting H to be less than or equal to the radius of the rolling element 23, it is beneficial to ensure that the oil is sprayed onto the rolling element 23, which facilitates the formation of an oil film on the surfaces of the inner ring 21, outer ring 22, and rolling element 23 of the bearing 20, thereby reducing intermittent abnormal noises caused by friction between the internal parts of the bearing 20.
[0056] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments of rotating machinery, the first oil delivery path 32 includes a third flow channel 321 and a fourth flow channel 322. The first end of the third flow channel 321 is used to introduce oil into the first oil delivery path 32. The fourth flow channel 322 connects the second end of the third flow channel 321 and the lubrication chamber 31.
[0057] By providing a third flow channel 321, it is convenient to connect with the pipeline that supplies oil to the first oil delivery flow path 32, thus introducing oil into the first oil delivery flow path 32. By providing a fourth flow channel 322 that connects the second end of the third flow channel 321 and the lubrication chamber 31, the oil introduced through the third flow channel 321 is introduced into the lubrication chamber 31 through the fourth flow channel 322, and then enters the bearing chamber 24 to lubricate the bearing 20.
[0058] like Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments of the rotating machinery, a siphon groove 34 is included, which is configured to drain excess oil from the lubrication device 30 and the bearing 20.
[0059] By providing the siphon groove 34, excess oil in the lubrication device 30 and bearing 20 can be discharged, preventing the bearing 20 from agitating the oil due to excessively high oil levels, thereby reducing energy loss during braking operation. Furthermore, the siphon groove 34 accelerates oil circulation, thereby lowering the oil temperature and cooling the bearing 20.
[0060] like Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments of the rotating machinery, the rotating machinery includes a limiting baffle 40 disposed at one end of the bearing 20 away from the lubrication device 30. The limiting baffle 40 includes a second surface 41 opposite to the axial end face of the rotor 10. The siphon groove 34 is formed by a groove formed on the second surface 41 and the axial end face of the rotor 10.
[0061] Since the siphon groove 34 is formed by the groove opened on the second surface 41 and the axial end face of the rotor 10, there is no need to add related components to the siphon groove 34, thereby simplifying the structure of the rotating machinery, reducing the assembly complexity, and simplifying the production process.
[0062] like Figures 2 to 5 As shown, in some embodiments of the rotating machinery, the oil bath structure and the oil spraying structure are integrated.
[0063] The oil bath structure and the oil spray structure are integrated, forming a single structure during manufacturing. This reduces the assembly complexity of the lubrication device 30 and simplifies the production process. For example, the oil bath structure and the oil spray structure are integrated on a circular disc-shaped body C.
[0064] In some embodiments, the rotating machinery is a compressor.
[0065] The rotating machinery is a compressor, which includes a lubrication device 30 comprising an oil bath structure, an oil injection structure, and an oil circuit control device. The oil circuit control device can control the lubrication device 30 to timely and adequately lubricate the bearing 20 at different compressor speeds using the oil bath structure and / or the oil injection structure. This facilitates efficient lubrication of the bearing 20 at various compressor speeds, improving compressor operating efficiency and reliability. Figure 1 As shown, the compressor is, for example, a screw compressor.
[0066] This application also provides a bearing lubrication method for rotating machinery based on this application embodiment. The bearing lubrication method includes: when the rotational speed of the rotor 10 is less than a first preset speed value, the oil circuit control device controls the first oil delivery path 32 to be connected while the second oil delivery path 33 is disconnected, so that the oil bath structure lubricates the bearing 20 alone; when the rotational speed of the rotor 10 is greater than or equal to the first preset speed value and less than or equal to the second preset speed value, the oil circuit control device controls the first oil delivery path 32 to be disconnected while the second oil delivery path 33 is connected, so that the oil spray structure lubricates the bearing 20 alone, wherein the first preset speed value is less than the second preset speed value; when the rotational speed of the rotor 10 is greater than the second preset speed value, the oil circuit control device controls the first oil delivery path 32 to be connected and the second oil delivery path 33 to be connected, so that the oil bath structure and the oil spray structure lubricate the bearing 20 simultaneously.
[0067] When the rotational speed of rotor 10 is less than the first preset speed value, the speed is relatively low. The oil bath structure is controlled by the oil circuit control device to lubricate the bearing 20 separately. The rolling element 23 at the bottom of the bearing 20 is immersed in the lubricating oil in the bearing chamber 24. As the rotor 10 rotates, the rolling element 23 undergoes lubricating oil immersion-exit-lubricating oil immersion, so that the bearing 20 is fully lubricated by the oil bath structure, ensuring that the bearing 20 can obtain a stable and sufficient oil film coverage in the low speed stage.
[0068] When the rotor 10 rotates at a speed greater than or equal to the first preset speed value and less than or equal to the second preset speed value, the speed is relatively high. It is difficult for the oil bath structure to form a stable oil film on each rolling element 23 of the bearing 20, and the bearing is prone to abnormal noise and other abnormal conditions. The oil circuit control device controls the oil spraying structure to lubricate the bearing 20 separately, so that the oil sprayed from the oil spray nozzle 33A of the oil spraying structure can be sprayed onto the bearing 20. The oil droplets sprayed onto the surface of the bearing 20 are evenly distributed during the rotation of the bearing 20, forming an oil film. This reduces the direct contact between the internal parts of the bearing 20, thereby reducing friction and wear, eliminating the mechanical noise of the bearing 20 rolling. At the same time, the sprayed oil carries away some of the heat of the bearing 20 during the flow process, playing a cooling role and helping to prevent the bearing 20 from overheating.
[0069] When the rotational speed of rotor 10 is greater than the second preset speed value, it is in the high-speed range. The oil circuit control device controls the oil bath structure and the oil spray structure to lubricate the bearing 20 at the same time. This allows the bearing 20 to be lubricated by the oil bath structure, and the oil spray structure sprays oil to the parts that need to be lubricated, thereby providing sufficient lubrication for the bearing 20 and ensuring that the bearing 20 can obtain a stable and sufficient oil film coverage during the high-speed stage.
[0070] The first and second preset speed values can be set according to the actual operating parameters of the rotating machinery. For example, for a specific rotating machinery, such as a compressor, the first preset speed value can be selected within the range of 40% to 60% of the rated speed, and the second preset speed value can be selected within the range of 70% to 90% of the rated speed.
[0071] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, in some embodiments of the bearing lubrication method for rotating machinery, when the rotational speed of the rotor 10 is greater than or equal to a first preset speed value and less than or equal to a second preset speed value, the number of open oil injection ports 33A increases as the rotational speed of the rotor 10 increases, and the number of open oil injection ports 33A decreases as the rotational speed of the rotor 10 decreases; and / or when the rotational speed of the rotor 10 is greater than the second preset speed value, the number of open oil injection ports 33A increases as the rotational speed of the rotor 10 increases, and the number of open oil injection ports 33A decreases as the rotational speed of the rotor 10 decreases.
[0072] When the rotational speed of rotor 10 is greater than or equal to the first preset speed value and less than or equal to the second preset speed value, or when the rotational speed of rotor 10 is greater than the second preset speed value, the number of open oil injection ports 33A increases as the rotational speed of rotor 10 increases, and the number of open oil injection ports 33A decreases as the rotational speed of rotor 10 decreases, so that the number of open oil injection ports 33A is more matched with the rotational speed of rotor 10, thereby reducing the oil consumed by the second oil delivery path 33 while ensuring that the bearing 20 receives the necessary lubrication.
[0073] like Figure 2 and Figure 6 As shown, in some embodiments of the bearing lubrication method for rotating machinery, excess oil in the lubrication device 30 and the bearing 20 is discharged through the siphon groove 34.
[0074] Excess oil in the lubrication device 30 and bearing 20 is drained through the siphon groove 34, which helps to prevent the bearing 20 from agitating the oil due to excessive oil level in the bearing chamber 24, thereby reducing energy loss during the operation of rotating machinery. In addition, the siphon groove 34 can accelerate oil circulation, thereby reducing the oil temperature and cooling the bearing 20.
[0075] The following combination Figures 1 to 9 A more detailed description of a rotating mechanism according to an embodiment of this application will be provided.
[0076] like Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the rotating machinery in this embodiment includes a rotor 10, a bearing 20, a lubrication device 30, a limiting baffle 40, and a siphon groove 34. Specifically, the rotating machinery is a screw compressor. The rotor 10 can be either a male rotor or a female rotor.
[0077] The bearing 20 is mounted on the shaft 11 of the rotor 10 to support the rotation of the rotor 10. The bearing 20 is a ball bearing. The bearing 20 includes an inner ring 21, an outer ring 22, and rolling elements 23 disposed between the inner ring 21 and the outer ring 22. The rolling elements 23 are specifically rollers.
[0078] The lubrication device 30 includes an oil bath structure, an oil spray structure, an oil circuit control device, an oil bath structure oil delivery pipe 36, and an oil spray structure oil delivery pipe 37.
[0079] The oil bath structure and the oil spray structure are integrated and formed on a circular cover-like body C. The cover-like body C covers the ends of the rotor 10 and the bearing 20, and is installed together with the bearing 20 in the bearing housing S.
[0080] The oil bath structure includes a lubrication chamber 31 and a first oil delivery path 32. The lubrication chamber 31 is formed as a cavity of a cover-like body C. The open end of the cover-like body C covers one end of the bearing 20, thereby connecting the lubrication chamber 31 with the bearing chamber 24 of the bearing 20. The first oil delivery path 32 is connected to an oil supply pipe 36 of the oil bath structure, which supplies oil to the lubrication chamber 31 through the first oil delivery path 32. The first oil delivery path 32 includes a third flow channel 321 and a fourth flow channel 322 disposed inside the cover-like body C. The first end of the third flow channel 321 is connected to the oil supply pipe 36 of the oil bath structure, and is used to introduce the oil supplied by the oil supply pipe 36 of the oil bath structure into the first oil delivery path 32. The fourth flow channel 322 connects the second end of the third flow channel 321 and the lubrication chamber 31.
[0081] The second oil delivery path 33 includes multiple first flow channels 331, an annular groove 332, and multiple second flow channels 333. Each of the multiple first flow channels 331 forms an oil injection port 33A at its end. An oil injection structure oil delivery pipe 37 communicates with the annular groove 332. The annular groove 332 is arranged circumferentially along the outer peripheral surface of the cover body C. The annular groove 332 sequentially connects the multiple second flow channels 333 and the multiple first flow channels 331. The first flow channels 331 extend axially within the cover body C along the bearing 20. The oil injection port 33A is located at the end of the first flow channel 331 and is situated on a first surface 35 opposite to the axial end face of the bearing 20. The axial end face of the cover body C facing the bearing 20 is an annular stepped surface surrounding the lubrication chamber 31. The annular stepped surface includes a large-diameter annular surface, a small-diameter annular surface, and a cylindrical surface connecting the large-diameter and small-diameter annular surfaces. The small-diameter annular surface forms the first surface 35. The large-diameter annular surface is in contact with the axial end face of the outer ring 22 of the bearing 20. Multiple oil injection ports 33A are located outside the lubrication chamber 31 and are evenly distributed along the circumference of the bearing 20. The oil injection ports 33A are configured to spray oil radially outward from the edge of the inner ring 21 of the bearing 20. In this embodiment, there are three oil injection ports 33A, and the on / off state of each oil injection port 33A can be independently controlled.
[0082] The cap-shaped body C includes a protrusion extending tangentially from the bottom of the annular groove 332. A third flow channel 321 of the first oil delivery path 32 is located in the middle of this protrusion. A fourth flow channel 322 is parallel to and spaced apart from a second flow channel 333. When machining the first to fourth flow channels, holes can be drilled directly from the outside of the cap-shaped body C. After drilling at the position corresponding to the fourth flow channel, any excess hole section away from the lubrication chamber 31 can be sealed with a plug.
[0083] The position of fuel injector 33A satisfies:
[0084]
[0085] P is the oil pressure at injector 33A, in Pa; ρ is the oil density, in kg / m³. 3 g is the acceleration due to gravity, with units of m / s². 2 H is the radial distance between the oil injection port 33A and the outer circumferential surface of the inner ring 21 along the bearing 20, in meters (m). L is the axial distance between the oil injection port 33A and the rolling element 23 along the bearing 20, in meters (m). H is less than or equal to the radius of the rolling element 23.
[0086] A limiting baffle 40 is disposed at the end of the bearing 20 away from the oil injection port 33A. The limiting baffle 40 includes a second surface 41 opposite to the axial end face of the rotor 10. A siphon groove 34 is formed by a groove formed on the second surface 41 and the axial end face of the rotor 10. The siphon groove 34 is configured to drain excess oil from the lubrication device 30 and the bearing 20.
[0087] The oil circuit control device is configured to control the on / off state of the first oil delivery path 32 and the second oil delivery path 33. Controlling the on / off state of the second oil delivery path 33 includes controlling the on / off state of each oil injection port 33A.
[0088] The working process of a rotating machine according to an embodiment of this application will be described below using a compressor as an example.
[0089] When the oil circuit control device controls the first oil delivery path 32 to be connected, the oil bath structure oil pipe 36 introduces oil into the lubrication chamber 31 through the first oil delivery path 32, and the oil in the lubrication chamber 31 flows into the bearing chamber 24 of the bearing 20. Part of the bearing 20 is immersed in the oil in the bearing chamber 24, and the oil level preferably exceeds the top edge of the rolling element 23 at the lowest position, so as to achieve overall lubrication of the bearing 20.
[0090] When the oil circuit control device controls the second oil delivery path 33 to open, the oil supply pipe 37 of the oil injection structure delivers oil to the annular groove 332. The annular groove 332 connects the oil to multiple second flow channels 333. The oil passes sequentially through the annular groove 332, the second flow channels 333, and the first flow channel 331 before being sprayed out from the oil injection port 33A. In this embodiment, the number of oil injection ports 33A that are open can be adjusted according to the compressor speed. When the speed is low within a certain range, the number of oil injection ports 33A that are open decreases; when the speed is high within that range, the number of oil injection ports 33A that are open increases. When the oil circuit control device controls the oil injection port 33A to open, the oil injection port 33A sprays oil onto the axial end of the inner ring 21 of the bearing 20 near the radially outer edge, thereby achieving lubrication of the bearing 20.
[0091] A limiting baffle 40 is disposed at the end of the bearing 20 away from the oil injection port 33A. The limiting baffle 40 includes a second surface 41 opposite to the axial end face of the rotor 10, and a groove formed on the second surface 41 forms a siphon groove 34 with the axial end face of the rotor 10. The siphon groove 34 discharges excess oil from the lubrication device 30 and the bearing 20, accelerates oil circulation, and reduces the oil temperature.
[0092] In this embodiment, the limiting baffle 40 is integrally set with the bearing seat S on which the bearing 20 is installed. In embodiments not shown, it can also be separately set with the bearing seat S and then fixedly connected.
[0093] An example of a bearing lubrication method for a compressor according to an embodiment of this application includes:
[0094] When the rotational speed of rotor 10 is less than the first preset speed value, for example, when the rotational speed of rotor 10 is less than 3600 rpm (corresponding to the first preset speed value), the oil circuit control device controls the first oil delivery path 32 to be connected and the second oil delivery path 33 to be disconnected so that the oil bath structure lubricates the bearing 20 separately.
[0095] When the rotational speed of rotor 10 is greater than or equal to a first preset speed value and less than or equal to a second preset speed value, for example, when the rotational speed of rotor 10 is between 3600 rpm (corresponding to the first preset speed value) and 4200 rpm (corresponding to the second preset speed value), the oil circuit control device controls the first oil delivery path 32 to disconnect and the second oil delivery path 33 to connect so that the oil injection structure can lubricate the bearing 20 separately. At the same time, the oil circuit control device controls the number of open oil injection ports 33A of the second oil delivery path 33 to increase as the rotational speed of rotor 10 increases and decrease as the rotational speed of rotor 10 decreases. For example, when the rotational speed of rotor 10 is between 3600 rpm and 4200 rpm, one open oil injection port 33A is added or removed for every 200 rpm increase or decrease in the rotational speed of rotor 10.
[0096] When the rotational speed of rotor 10 is greater than the second preset speed value, for example, when the rotational speed of rotor 10 is greater than 4200 rpm (corresponding to the second preset speed value), the oil circuit control device controls the first oil delivery flow path 32 to be connected and the second oil delivery flow path 33 to be connected so that the oil bath structure and the oil injection structure simultaneously lubricate the bearing 20. At the same time, the oil circuit control device controls to increase the number of open oil injection ports 33A. Simultaneously, the oil circuit control device controls the number of multiple open oil injection ports 33A in the second oil delivery flow path 33 to increase as the rotational speed of rotor 10 increases and decrease as the rotational speed of rotor 10 decreases. For example, when the rotational speed of rotor 10 is above 4200 rpm, one open oil injection port 33A is added for every 200 rpm increase in the rotational speed of rotor 10 until all three oil injection ports 33A are open when the rotational speed of rotor 10 is 4600 rpm. When the rotational speed decreases to below 4600 rpm, one open oil injection port 33A is removed for every 200 rpm decrease.
[0097] Those skilled in the art will understand that, in the methods described in the specific embodiments, the order in which the steps are written does not imply a strict execution order and does not constitute any limitation on the implementation process. The specific execution order of each step should be determined by its function and possible internal logic.
[0098] The description of the various embodiments above tends to emphasize the differences between the various embodiments. The similarities or similarities between them can be referred to, and for the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.
[0099] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and not to limit them; although this application has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the specific implementation of this application or equivalent substitutions can be made to some technical features, all of which should be covered within the scope of the technical solutions claimed in this application.
Claims
1. A rotating machine, characterized in that, include: Rotor (10), including shaft (11); A bearing (20) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (11) to support the rotation of the rotor (10); and Lubrication device (30); The lubrication device (30) includes: The oil bath structure includes a lubrication chamber (31) and a first oil delivery path (32), wherein the lubrication chamber (31) is connected to the bearing chamber (24) of the bearing (20), and the first oil delivery path (32) is configured to deliver oil to the lubrication chamber (31); The oil injection structure includes a second oil delivery path (33), the end of which has an oil injection port (33A) configured to inject oil into the bearing (20); and The oil circuit control device is configured to control the on / off state of the first oil delivery path (32) and the second oil delivery path (33).
2. The rotating machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lubrication device (30) includes a first surface (35) opposite to the axial end face of the bearing (20), and the oil injection port (33A) is located on the first surface (35); and / or The second oil delivery path (33) includes a first flow channel (331) extending axially along the bearing (20), and the oil injection port (33A) is located at the end of the first flow channel (331).
3. The rotating machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second oil delivery path (33) includes a plurality of oil injection ports (33A), which are located outside the lubrication chamber (31) and distributed circumferentially along the bearing (20).
4. The rotating machinery according to claim 3, characterized in that, The second oil delivery path (33) further includes an annular groove (332), which is arranged circumferentially along the bearing (20) and communicates with a plurality of oil injection ports (33A); and / or The oil circuit control device is configured to control the independent on / off state of each of the oil injection ports (33A).
5. The rotating machinery according to claim 4, characterized in that, The second oil delivery path (33) includes a plurality of second channels (333) corresponding one-to-one with the plurality of oil injection ports (33A), and the second channels (333) connect the annular groove (332) and the corresponding oil injection port (33A).
6. The rotating machinery according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second oil delivery path (33) includes a plurality of first channels (331) extending axially along the bearing (20) and corresponding one-to-one with the plurality of oil injection ports (33A). Each oil injection port (33A) is disposed at the end of the corresponding first channel (331). The second channel (333) extends radially along the bearing (20). The radial outer end of the second channel (333) is disposed at the bottom of the annular groove (332). The radial inner end of the second channel (333) is connected to the end of the corresponding first channel (331) away from the oil injection port (33A).
7. The rotating machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bearing (20) includes an inner ring (21), an outer ring (22) and a rolling element (23) disposed between the inner ring (21) and the outer ring (22), and the oil injection port (33A) is configured to inject oil into a position near the radially outer edge of the axial end of the inner ring (21).
8. The rotating machinery according to claim 7, characterized in that, The position of the fuel injector (33A) satisfies Wherein, P is the oil pressure at the injection port (33A), in Pa, and ρ is the oil density, in kg / m³. 3 g is the acceleration due to gravity, with units of m / s². 2 H is the radial distance between the oil injection port (33A) and the outer circumferential surface of the inner ring (21) along the bearing (20), in meters; L is the axial distance between the oil injection port (33A) and the rolling element (23) along the bearing (20), in meters; where H is less than or equal to the radius of the rolling element (23).
9. The rotating machinery according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The first oil delivery path (32) includes: A third flow channel (321), the first end of which is used to introduce oil into the first oil delivery flow path (32); and The fourth flow channel (322) connects the second end of the third flow channel (321) and the lubrication chamber (31).
10. The rotating machinery according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, Includes a siphon groove (34) configured to drain excess oil from the lubrication device (30) and the bearing (20).
11. The rotating machinery according to claim 10, characterized in that, The bearing (20) includes a limiting baffle (40) disposed at one end away from the oil injection port (33A), the limiting baffle (40) including a second surface (41) opposite to the axial end face of the rotor (10), and the siphon groove (34) is formed by a groove formed on the second surface (41) and the axial end face.
12. The rotating machinery according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The oil bath structure and the oil spraying structure are integrated into one unit.
13. The rotating machinery according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that, The rotating mechanism is a compressor.