Intelligent electric meter and wireless data collector thereof

Abstract

The application provides a smart electric meter and a wireless data collector thereof, and relates to the technical field of electronic circuits. A micro control unit in the wireless data collector is connected with a power-off detection unit, a zero-crossing detection unit and a communication unit. The power-off detection unit at least comprises a first triode and a second triode. The zero-crossing detection unit at least comprises an optical coupler. The communication unit at least comprises a first capacitor and a second capacitor. The micro control unit is used for receiving output signals of the power-off detection unit and the zero-crossing detection unit, and outputting a power-off signal of the smart electric meter in the case that the power-off detection unit outputs the power-off signal and the zero-crossing detection unit does not output the zero-crossing signal. The problems that the existing smart electric meter is prone to false alarm when voltage drop occurs, the detection time delay exists between the actual strong power side and the actual power-off time, and the test LED lighting time is too short to affect the debugging during the production link and the field use are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of electronic circuit technology, specifically to a smart meter and its wireless data acquisition device. Background Technology

[0002] The wireless data acquisition device for smart meters is a key device for remote automatic meter reading and power data monitoring. It uses wireless communication technology to achieve centralized collection and transmission of meter data.

[0003] In the process of developing this application, the inventors discovered that the prior art has at least the following problems: the wireless data acquisition device of the existing smart meter is generally only set with a power failure detection function, which is prone to false alarms when the smart meter experiences a voltage drop, such as a 12V voltage drop. Moreover, when the actual power failure occurs, there is a certain delay between the detection time and the actual high voltage side. Furthermore, the LED lighting time is too short during production and field use, which affects debugging. Utility Model Content

[0004] In response to this, this application provides a smart meter and its wireless data acquisition device to solve the problems of existing smart meters being prone to false alarms when voltage drops occur, and the detection time when power is actually lost having a certain delay compared to the actual high-voltage side. Furthermore, the testing LED lighting time is too short during production and field use, which affects debugging.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of this application provide the following technical solutions:

[0006] This application discloses a first aspect of a wireless data acquisition device for a smart meter, which includes at least: a microcontroller unit, a power failure detection unit, a zero-crossing detection unit, and a communication unit;

[0007] The microcontroller unit is connected to the power failure detection unit, the zero-crossing detection unit, and the communication unit, respectively.

[0008] The power failure detection unit includes at least a first transistor and a second transistor. When the input voltage of the smart meter is less than a preset voltage, the first transistor and the second transistor are in a conducting state, and the power failure detection unit outputs a power failure signal.

[0009] The zero-crossing detection unit includes at least one optocoupler. When the smart meter reaches a zero-crossing point, the optocoupler is turned on, and the zero-crossing detection unit outputs a zero-crossing signal.

[0010] The communication unit includes at least a first capacitor and a second capacitor. When the serial port signal of the wireless data collector changes from high level to low level, the first capacitor supplies power to the dual-color light-emitting diode in the communication unit. When the serial port signal of the smart meter changes from high level to low level, the second capacitor supplies power to the dual-color light-emitting diode.

[0011] The microcontroller unit is used to receive the output signal of the power failure detection unit and the output signal of the zero-crossing detection unit, and outputs a smart meter power failure signal when the power failure detection unit outputs the power failure signal and the zero-crossing detection unit does not output the zero-crossing signal.

[0012] Optionally, in the wireless data acquisition unit of the smart meter described above, the zero-crossing detection unit includes: a first resistor, a second resistor, and the optocoupler;

[0013] One end of the first resistor serves as the input terminal of the zero-crossing detection unit;

[0014] The other end of the first resistor is connected to the input cathode of the optocoupler;

[0015] The input anode of the optocoupler is connected to a digital power supply voltage;

[0016] The output emitter of the optocoupler is connected to signal ground.

[0017] The output collector of the optocoupler is connected to one end of the second resistor, and the connection point serves as the output terminal of the zero-crossing detection unit.

[0018] The other end of the second resistor is connected to the pull-up voltage.

[0019] Optionally, in the wireless data acquisition unit of the smart meter described above, the power failure detection unit includes: a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor, a first transistor, and a second transistor.

[0020] One end of the third resistor serves as the first input terminal of the power failure detection unit and is connected to the input voltage of the smart meter.

[0021] The other end of the third resistor is connected to one end of the fourth resistor, one end of the fifth resistor, and one end of the third capacitor, respectively; the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the base of the first transistor.

[0022] The collector of the first transistor is connected to one end of the sixth resistor and the base of the second transistor, respectively;

[0023] The other end of the sixth resistor is connected to one end of the seventh resistor, and the connection point serves as the second input terminal of the power failure detection unit, which is connected to the power supply voltage of the smart meter.

[0024] The other end of the seventh resistor is connected to the collector of the second transistor, one end of the fourth capacitor, one end of the eighth resistor, and one end of the fifth capacitor, respectively, and the connection point serves as the output terminal of the power failure detection unit.

[0025] The other end of the fourth resistor, the other end of the third capacitor, the emitter of the first transistor, the emitter of the second transistor, the other end of the fourth capacitor, the other end of the eighth resistor, and the other end of the fifth capacitor are all grounded.

[0026] Optionally, in the wireless data acquisition unit of the smart meter described above, the communication unit includes: a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor, a fourteenth resistor, a fourth transistor, a fifth transistor, a sixth transistor, a seventh transistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a dual-color light-emitting diode.

[0027] One end of the ninth resistor serves as the first input terminal of the communication unit, receiving the serial port signal from the wireless data acquisition device.

[0028] The other end of the ninth resistor is connected to the base of the fourth transistor;

[0029] The collector of the fourth transistor is grounded, the emitter of the fourth transistor is connected to one end of the first capacitor and one end of the tenth resistor, and the other end of the first capacitor is grounded.

[0030] The other end of the tenth resistor is connected to the base of the fourth transistor, the emitter of the fourth transistor is connected to the first cathode of the dual-color light-emitting diode, and the collector of the fourth transistor is grounded through the eleventh resistor.

[0031] The common anode of the dual-color light-emitting diode is connected to the power supply voltage of the smart meter;

[0032] One end of the twelfth resistor serves as the second input terminal of the communication unit, receiving the serial port signal from the smart meter;

[0033] The other end of the twelfth resistor is connected to the base of the fifth transistor;

[0034] The collector of the fifth transistor is grounded, the emitter of the fifth transistor is connected to one end of the second capacitor and one end of the thirteenth resistor, and the other end of the second capacitor is grounded.

[0035] The other end of the thirteenth resistor is connected to the base of the sixth transistor, the emitter of the sixth transistor is connected to the second cathode of the dual-color light-emitting diode, and the collector of the sixth transistor is grounded through the fourteenth resistor.

[0036] Optionally, in the wireless data collector of the smart meter described above, the frequency band supported by the wireless data collector is: 870 / 900MHz and 2.4GHz frequency band.

[0037] Optionally, in the wireless data collector of the smart meter described above, the transmission power range of the wireless data collector is 10~30dBm.

[0038] Optionally, in the wireless data acquisition device of the smart meter described above, the modulation method of the wireless data acquisition device includes: frequency shift keying and direct sequence spread spectrum.

[0039] Optionally, in the wireless data collector of the smart meter described above, the encryption algorithm of the wireless data collector includes: SHA-256 and RSA-1024.

[0040] The second aspect of this application discloses a smart meter, comprising: a meter body and a wireless data acquisition device for the smart meter as disclosed in any of the first aspects, wherein the meter body and the wireless data acquisition device are connected by pins.

[0041] Optionally, the smart meter described above further includes a pin connection enhancement component, which includes a first connection enhancement member and a second connection enhancement member, wherein the first connection enhancement member and the second connection enhancement member are respectively placed at different positions of the pin.

[0042] The wireless data acquisition unit for the smart meter provided in this application includes at least: a microcontroller unit, a power-down detection unit, a zero-crossing detection unit, and a communication unit; the microcontroller unit is connected to the power-down detection unit, the zero-crossing detection unit, and the communication unit respectively; the power-down detection unit includes at least: a first transistor and a second transistor, which are in a conducting state when the input voltage of the smart meter is less than a preset voltage, and the power-down detection unit outputs a power-down signal; the zero-crossing detection unit includes at least: an optocoupler, which is turned on when a zero-crossing point occurs on the high-voltage side of the smart meter, and the zero-crossing detection unit outputs a zero-crossing signal; the communication unit includes at least: a first capacitor and a second capacitor, which supply power to the dual-color LED in the communication unit when the serial port signal of the wireless data acquisition unit changes from high level to low level, and supply power to the dual-color LED when the serial port signal of the smart meter changes from high level to low level; the microcontroller unit is used to output a smart meter power-down signal when the power-down detection unit outputs a power-down signal and when the zero-crossing detection unit does not output a zero-crossing signal. This application combines power-down signals and zero-crossing signals to determine the power-down status of smart meters, reducing false alarms during power-down events. It solves the problems of existing smart meters being prone to false alarms when voltage drops occur, the detection time of actual power-down events having a certain delay compared to the actual high-voltage side, and the debugging being affected by the short LED lighting time during production and field use. Attached Figure Description

[0043] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.

[0044] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a wireless data acquisition device for a smart meter provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0045] Figure 2 A circuit diagram of a zero-crossing detection unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0046] Figure 3 A circuit diagram of a power-down detection unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 4 A circuit diagram of a communication unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0048] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the configuration of a pin connection enhancement component provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0049] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0050] This application provides a smart meter and its wireless data acquisition device to solve the problems of existing smart meters being prone to false alarms when voltage drops occur, and the detection time when power is actually lost having a certain delay compared to the actual high-voltage side. Furthermore, the test LED lighting time is too short during production and field use, which affects debugging.

[0051] Please see Figure 1 The wireless data acquisition unit of the smart meter includes at least: a microcontroller unit 101, a power failure detection unit 102, a zero-crossing detection unit 103, and a communication unit 104. The microcontroller unit 101 is connected to the power failure detection unit 102, the zero-crossing detection unit 103, and the communication unit 104, respectively.

[0052] The zero-crossing detection unit 103 includes at least an optocoupler UP6. When the smart meter crosses zero, the optocoupler UP6 is turned on, and the zero-crossing detection unit 103 outputs a zero-crossing signal (Meter Zero Cross* in the figure).

[0053] like Figure 2 As shown, the zero-crossing detection unit 103 includes: a first resistor RP18, a second resistor RP17, and an optocoupler UP6.

[0054] One end of the first resistor RP18 serves as the input terminal of the zero-crossing detection unit 103 and is connected to the microcontroller unit 101 of the smart meter; the other end of the first resistor RP18 is connected to the cathode of the input side of the optocoupler UP6; the anode of the input side of the optocoupler UP6 is connected to the digital power supply voltage (DVDD in the figure); the emitter of the output side of the optocoupler UP6 is connected to the signal ground; the collector of the output side of the optocoupler UP6 is connected to one end of the second resistor RP17, and the connection point serves as the output terminal of the zero-crossing detection unit 103; the other end of the second resistor RP17 is connected to the pull-up voltage (+5V in the figure).

[0055] In practical applications, the first resistor RP18 is the current-limiting resistor of the optocoupler UP6, used to limit the current flowing into the input cathode of the optocoupler UP6; the second resistor RP17 is the pull-up resistor of the output collector of the optocoupler UP6, used to pull up the voltage of the output collector of the optocoupler UP6 to the pull-up voltage.

[0056] In a specific circuit, the second resistor RP17 can be connected to the circuit board without soldering.

[0057] It should be noted that the digital power supply voltage can be a stable DC operating voltage provided to the digital integrated circuit (IC). The specific value of the pull-up voltage can be determined based on the withstand voltage of the optocoupler UP6 and the interface device; for example, the pull-up voltage can be 5V.

[0058] It should also be noted that the microcontroller unit of the smart meter can be the MCU inside the meter itself. Whether the smart meter has experienced a zero-crossing can be read by the metering chip. For example, the zero-crossing signal (Meter Zero Cross in the figure) is a digital pulse signal with a frequency of 50Hz and a period of 20ms. If the microcontroller unit 101 in the wireless data acquisition device does not detect the zero-crossing signal within 30ms after detecting the power failure signal, it can be regarded as a power failure event, and the smart meter power failure signal will be output.

[0059] The power failure detection unit 102 includes at least a first transistor D1 and a second transistor D2. When the input voltage of the smart meter is less than a preset voltage, the first transistor D1 and the second transistor D2 are in the conducting state, and the power failure detection unit 102 outputs a power failure signal.

[0060] The preset voltage is generally lower than the input voltage of the smart meter. For example, when the input voltage of the smart meter is 12V, the preset voltage can be 11V, 10V, 8.5V, etc.

[0061] like Figure 3 As shown, the power failure detection unit 102 includes: a third resistor R3, a fourth resistor R6, a fifth resistor R4, a sixth resistor R1, a seventh resistor R2, an eighth resistor R5, a third capacitor C3, a fourth capacitor C1, a fifth capacitor C2, a first transistor D1, and a second transistor D2.

[0062] One end of the third resistor R3 serves as the first input terminal of the power failure detection unit 102, connected to the input voltage of the smart meter (Vin in the figure); the other end of the third resistor R3 is connected to one end of the fourth resistor R6, one end of the fifth resistor R4, and one end of the third capacitor C3, respectively; the other end of the fifth resistor R4 is connected to the base of the first transistor D1; the collector of the first transistor D1 is connected to one end of the sixth resistor R1 and the base of the second transistor D2, respectively; the other end of the sixth resistor R1 is connected to one end of the seventh resistor R2, and the connection point serves as the power failure detection... The second input terminal of the measuring unit 102 is connected to the power supply voltage of the smart meter; the other end of the seventh resistor R2 is connected to the collector of the second transistor D2, one end of the fourth capacitor C1, one end of the eighth resistor R5 and one end of the fifth capacitor C2 respectively, and the connection point serves as the output terminal of the power failure detection unit 102; the other end of the fourth resistor R6, the other end of the third capacitor C3, the emitter of the first transistor D1, the emitter of the second transistor D2, the other end of the fourth capacitor C1, the other end of the eighth resistor R5 and the other end of the fifth capacitor C2 are all grounded.

[0063] In practical applications, the third resistor R3 and the fourth resistor R6 are voltage divider resistors, which are not calibrated and can be adjusted according to the power-down voltage and power consumption requirements; the fourth capacitor C1 and the fifth capacitor C2 are used to filter high-frequency interference, and the eighth resistor R5 is used to provide a fixed level in case of circuit failure. The power supply voltage of the smart meter can be adjusted according to the voltage domain of the receiving pin of the output terminal of the power-down detection unit 102. For example, the power supply voltage of this smart meter can be 3.3V.

[0064] It should be noted that the power supply voltage of this smart meter can be the conversion voltage of the DC-DC chip in the smart meter.

[0065] Because the power-down detection unit 102 provided in this application has the characteristics of having few components and simple adaptation, it can be flexibly adjusted according to the power-down voltage and low power consumption requirements.

[0066] It should be noted that when the power failure detection unit 102 is designed as a discrete component on the circuit board, the third capacitor C3 can be placed close to the microcontroller unit 101 or the cellular module in the smart meter.

[0067] It should also be noted that if the electromagnetic environment in which the power failure detection unit 102 is used is complex, a filter circuit or filter algorithm software can be added to the front end of the power failure detection unit 102 for filtering.

[0068] The communication unit 104 includes at least a first capacitor C39 and a second capacitor C44. When the serial port signal of the wireless data collector changes from high level to low level, the first capacitor C39 supplies power to the dual-color light-emitting diode Q1 in the communication unit 104. When the serial port signal of the smart meter changes from high level to low level, the second capacitor C44 supplies power to the dual-color light-emitting diode Q1.

[0069] The bicolor light-emitting diode Q1 is the LED mentioned in this application. By using the bicolor light-emitting diode Q1 to generate different colors of light, the direction of data transmission between the wireless data collector and the smart meter can be distinguished.

[0070] like Figure 4 As shown, the communication unit 104 mainly includes: a ninth resistor R22, a tenth resistor R18, an eleventh resistor R14, a twelfth resistor R30, a thirteenth resistor R27, a fourteenth resistor R24, a fourth transistor T3, a fifth transistor T1, a sixth transistor T7, a seventh transistor T6, a first capacitor C39, a second capacitor C44, and a dual-color light-emitting diode Q1.

[0071] One end of the ninth resistor R22 serves as the first input terminal of the communication unit 104, receiving the serial port signal (RF_TX' in the figure) from the wireless data acquisition unit; the other end of the ninth resistor R22 is connected to the base of the fourth transistor T3; the collector of the fourth transistor T3 is grounded, and the emitter of the fourth transistor T3 is connected to one end of the first capacitor C39 and one end of the tenth resistor R18, respectively; the other end of the first capacitor C39 is grounded; the other end of the tenth resistor R18 is connected to the base of the fourth transistor T3, the emitter of the fourth transistor T3 is connected to the first cathode of the dual-color LED Q1, and the collector of the fourth transistor T3 is grounded through the eleventh resistor R14; the common anode of the dual-color LED Q1 is connected to... The power supply voltage of the smart meter is connected to the 12th resistor R30. One end of the 12th resistor R30 serves as the second input terminal of the communication unit 104, receiving the serial port signal of the smart meter (Meter_TX in the figure). The other end of the 12th resistor R30 is connected to the base of the fifth transistor T1. The collector of the fifth transistor T1 is grounded, and the emitter of the fifth transistor T1 is connected to one end of the second capacitor C44 and one end of the 13th resistor R27, respectively. The other end of the second capacitor C44 is grounded. The other end of the 13th resistor R27 is connected to the base of the sixth transistor T7. The emitter of the sixth transistor T7 is connected to the second cathode of the dual-color light-emitting diode Q1. The collector of the sixth transistor T7 is grounded through the fourteenth resistor R24.

[0072] In practical applications, the serial port signal of the wireless data acquisition device can be the serial port signal sent by the wireless data acquisition device to the smart meter, and the serial port signal of the smart meter can be the serial port signal sent by the smart meter to the wireless data acquisition device.

[0073] It should be noted that after adding the first capacitor C39 and the second capacitor C44 to the communication unit 104, when either the serial port signal from the wireless data acquisition device or the serial port signal from the smart meter transitions from a high level to a low level, the charge in the first capacitor C39 or the second capacitor C44 is released, and the dual-color LED Q1 is lit. When the serial port signal from the wireless data acquisition device or the smart meter transitions from a low level to a high level, since the first capacitor C39 and the second capacitor C44 have no charge, the dual-color LED Q1 can remain lit for several milliseconds through the emitter and base current-limiting resistors (tenth resistor R18, eleventh resistor R14, thirteenth resistor R27, and fourteenth resistor R24) of the fifth transistor T1 and the seventh transistor T6. The specific lighting time depends on the capacitance values ​​of the first capacitor C39 and the second capacitor C44, as well as the resistance values ​​at the bases of the fifth transistor T1 and the seventh transistor T6, thus facilitating convenient debugging during production and field use.

[0074] It is understandable that when the wireless data collector communicates using the communication unit 104, the flashing time of the dual-color LED Q1 becomes longer, which is beneficial for observing the communication.

[0075] The microcontroller unit 101 is used to receive the output signal of the power failure detection unit 102 and the output signal of the zero crossing detection unit 103, and outputs the smart meter power failure signal when the power failure detection unit 102 outputs a power failure signal and the zero crossing detection unit 103 does not output a zero crossing signal.

[0076] In practice, based on the period of the zero-crossing signal and the timing of the power failure signal, more buffer time can be given to the microcontroller unit 101 in the wireless data acquisition device to perform the power failure reporting task.

[0077] For example, if a power failure signal is detected and the zero-crossing signal cannot be detected within the zero-crossing signal generation period, it indicates that a power failure event has occurred in the smart meter, and the microcontroller unit 101 outputs a power failure signal for the smart meter; conversely, if the zero-crossing signal is detected within the zero-crossing signal generation period, it indicates that a voltage drop has occurred inside the smart meter, rather than a power grid failure, and the microcontroller unit 101 does not output a power failure signal for the smart meter.

[0078] It should be noted that the microcontroller unit 101 can be an MCU or other control chip with control logic, etc. This application does not limit the specific type of the microcontroller unit 101, and all of them are within the protection scope of this application.

[0079] In some embodiments, the frequency band supported by the wireless data collector is 870 / 900MHz and 2.4GHz. It can adapt and switch between different frequency bands according to the actual application environment and user needs, and can cover the frequency band requirements of various regions.

[0080] Compared to single-band wireless data collectors, the wireless data collector provided in this application can switch to other frequency bands for communication when communication is not possible in a certain frequency band, which further improves the stability of the wireless data collector and avoids meter reading failure due to communication interference.

[0081] In some embodiments, the transmission power range of the wireless data collector is 10~30dBm, that is, the transmission power of the wireless data collector can be configured between 10~30dBm, which can further improve the communication distance.

[0082] In practical applications, power amplifier chips (PAs) can be added to the 870 / 900MHz and 2.4GHz frequency bands to achieve a maximum transmit power of 30dBm while meeting local radio requirements.

[0083] It should be noted that the signal strength can be adjusted to change the transmission power of the wireless data collector, achieving a balance between communication success rate and power consumption.

[0084] In some embodiments, the modulation methods of the wireless data acquisition device include: Frequency Shift Keying (FSK) and Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS). DSSS can include: O-QPSK (offset QPSK), SUN-O-QPSK, and OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing). Specifically, O-QPSK is a relative phase-shifting modulation method, an improved QPSK modulation method that avoids the problem of zero amplitude during phase transitions in QPSK signals by shifting one bit stream by half a symbol period, thereby reducing envelope ripple. SUN-O-QPSK is a modulation method used in industrial communications, part of the IEEE 802.15.4g standard; it combines O-QPSK and DSSS technologies to improve interference immunity.

[0085] Understandably, this wireless data collector supports multiple modulation methods and can be flexibly switched according to signal strength, making it more widely applicable.

[0086] It should be noted that wireless data collectors can use algorithms such as SHA-256 and RSA-1024 for encryption, which effectively protects data security and prevents data from being eavesdropped on and intercepted.

[0087] SHA-256 is a cryptographic hash function, belonging to the SHA-2 family of algorithms. It converts input data of arbitrary length into a fixed-length 256-bit (32-byte) hash value, typically represented by 64 hexadecimal characters. The algorithm generates an irreversible hash value through message padding, hash value initialization, block processing, and 64 rounds of iterative computation. SHA-256 offers high security and is widely used in digital signatures, cryptographic storage, and blockchain technology. Its core characteristics include irreversibility, avalanche effect, and collision resistance.

[0088] RSA-1024 is an asymmetric encryption technique based on the Rivest-Shamir-Adleman (RSA) algorithm. Its core principle is to use the product of large prime numbers as the public key, while the private key is composed of the product of these prime numbers and the inverse of their modulus Euler's totient function. Both the public and private keys of RSA-1024 are 1024 bits, and its security relies on the difficulty of factoring large prime numbers. Specifically, RSA-1024 encrypts plaintext data into ciphertext, ensuring that only the recipient holding the private key can decrypt it.

[0089] Based on the above principles, the wireless data acquisition unit for the smart meter provided in this embodiment includes at least: a microcontroller unit 101, a power-off detection unit 102, a zero-crossing detection unit 103, and a communication unit 104; the microcontroller unit 101 is connected to the power-off detection unit 102, the zero-crossing detection unit 103, and the communication unit 104 respectively; the power-off detection unit 102 includes at least: a first transistor D1 and a second transistor D2, which are in a conducting state when the input voltage of the smart meter is less than a preset voltage, and the power-off detection unit 102 outputs a power-off signal; the zero-crossing detection unit 103 includes at least: an optocoupler UP6, which is activated when a zero-crossing occurs on the high-voltage side of the smart meter. When UP6 is turned on, the zero-crossing detection unit 103 outputs a zero-crossing signal. The communication unit 104 includes at least a first capacitor C39 and a second capacitor C44. When the serial port signal of the wireless data acquisition unit changes from high level to low level, the first capacitor C39 supplies power to the dual-color LED Q1 in the communication unit 104. When the serial port signal of the smart meter changes from high level to low level, the second capacitor C44 supplies power to the dual-color LED Q1. The microcontroller unit 101 is used to receive the output signal of the power-down detection unit 102 and the output signal of the zero-crossing detection unit 103. When the power-down detection unit 102 outputs a power-down signal and the zero-crossing detection unit 103 does not output a zero-crossing signal, the microcontroller unit 101 outputs a power-down signal for the smart meter. This application combines power-down signals and zero-crossing signals to determine the power-down status of smart meters, reducing false alarms during power-down events. It solves the problems of existing smart meters being prone to false alarms when voltage drops occur, the detection time of actual power-down events having a certain delay compared to the actual high-voltage side, and the debugging being affected by the short LED lighting time during production and field use.

[0090] It is worth noting that by directly acquiring the zero-crossing signal through the metering chip in the smart meter, and combining the power-down signal and the zero-crossing signal, the power-down status of the smart meter can be judged. There is no need to perform related logic judgments, which can reduce the detection time of the smart meter when it actually loses power and the delay between the actual high-voltage side.

[0091] Optionally, another embodiment of this application also provides a smart meter, which may include: a meter body and a wireless data collector as described in any of the above embodiments, with the meter body and the wireless data collector connected by pins.

[0092] The meter body has a built-in microcontroller unit 101, that is, the meter body has a built-in MCU or other logic controller.

[0093] In some embodiments, such as Figure 5As shown, in order to enhance the strength of the pin connection between the meter body and the wireless data collector, the smart meter also includes a pin connection enhancement component 201. The pin connection enhancement component 201 includes a first connection enhancement member 2011 and a second connection enhancement member 2012, which are respectively placed at different positions of the pin.

[0094] In practical applications, the first connecting reinforcement 2011 and the second connecting reinforcement 2012 have the same structure and are preferably made of insulating materials, such as plastic.

[0095] Specifically, the specific structures of the first connecting reinforcement 2011 and the second connecting reinforcement 2012 can be designed according to the shape of the pin, combined with... Figure 5 The first connecting reinforcement 2011 and the second connecting reinforcement 2012 can be set as a hollow cuboid. The thickness of the cuboid can be determined according to the gap between the pins, such as being slightly less than half the gap between two adjacent pins. In this way, the pins can pass through the center of the cuboid, and the first connecting reinforcement 2011 and the second connecting reinforcement 2012 can wrap around the pins, thereby enhancing the connection strength of the pins.

[0096] In practical applications, the first connecting reinforcement 2011 and the second connecting reinforcement 2012 can be equidistantly positioned on the pin to ensure uniform force distribution across all positions of the pin. Alternatively, they can be positioned at the location of maximum force on the pin, depending on the application environment and user requirements; all of these are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0097] It should be noted that the addition of the pin connection enhancement component 201 can improve the pin strength between the wireless data collector and the smart meter, avoid the problem of easy pin bending, extend the insertion and removal life between the wireless data collector and the smart meter, and further improve the yield of the wireless data collector and the smart meter.

[0098] It should be noted that for relevant descriptions of the wireless data acquisition device, please refer to the corresponding embodiments described above. For relevant descriptions of the smart meter, please refer to the prior art. This application will not repeat them here.

[0099] The features described in the various embodiments of this specification can be substituted for or combined with each other. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to mutually. Each embodiment focuses on describing the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for system or system embodiments, since they are basically similar to method embodiments, the description is relatively simple; relevant parts can be referred to the descriptions in the method embodiments. The systems and system embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. The components shown as units may or may not be physical units; that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs. Those skilled in the art can understand and implement this without creative effort.

[0100] Those skilled in the art will further recognize that the units and algorithm steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, computer software, or a combination of both. To clearly illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, the components and steps of the various examples have been generally described in terms of functionality in the foregoing description. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Those skilled in the art can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0101] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0102] It should also be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

Claims

1. A wireless data acquisition device for a smart meter, characterized in that, At least including: Microcontroller unit, power failure detection unit, zero crossing detection unit, and communication unit; The microcontroller unit is connected to the power failure detection unit, the zero-crossing detection unit, and the communication unit, respectively. The power failure detection unit includes at least a first transistor and a second transistor. When the input voltage of the smart meter is less than a preset voltage, the first transistor and the second transistor are in a conducting state, and the power failure detection unit outputs a power failure signal. The zero-crossing detection unit includes at least one optocoupler. When the smart meter reaches a zero-crossing point, the optocoupler is turned on, and the zero-crossing detection unit outputs a zero-crossing signal. The communication unit includes at least a first capacitor and a second capacitor. When the serial port signal of the wireless data collector changes from high level to low level, the first capacitor supplies power to the dual-color light-emitting diode in the communication unit. When the serial port signal of the smart meter changes from high level to low level, the second capacitor supplies power to the dual-color light-emitting diode. The microcontroller unit is used to receive the output signal of the power failure detection unit and the output signal of the zero-crossing detection unit, and outputs a smart meter power failure signal when the power failure detection unit outputs the power failure signal and the zero-crossing detection unit does not output the zero-crossing signal.

2. The wireless data acquisition device for a smart meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The zero-crossing detection unit includes: a first resistor, a second resistor, and the optocoupler; One end of the first resistor serves as the input terminal of the zero-crossing detection unit; The other end of the first resistor is connected to the input cathode of the optocoupler; The input anode of the optocoupler is connected to a digital power supply voltage; The output emitter of the optocoupler is connected to signal ground. The output collector of the optocoupler is connected to one end of the second resistor, and the connection point serves as the output terminal of the zero-crossing detection unit. The other end of the second resistor is connected to the pull-up voltage.

3. The wireless data acquisition device for a smart meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power failure detection unit includes: a third resistor, a fourth resistor, a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a third capacitor, a fourth capacitor, a fifth capacitor, a first transistor, and a second transistor; One end of the third resistor serves as the first input terminal of the power failure detection unit and is connected to the input voltage of the smart meter. The other end of the third resistor is connected to one end of the fourth resistor, one end of the fifth resistor, and one end of the third capacitor, respectively; the other end of the fifth resistor is connected to the base of the first transistor. The collector of the first transistor is connected to one end of the sixth resistor and the base of the second transistor, respectively; The other end of the sixth resistor is connected to one end of the seventh resistor, and the connection point serves as the second input terminal of the power failure detection unit, which is connected to the power supply voltage of the smart meter. The other end of the seventh resistor is connected to the collector of the second transistor, one end of the fourth capacitor, one end of the eighth resistor, and one end of the fifth capacitor, respectively, and the connection point serves as the output terminal of the power failure detection unit. The other end of the fourth resistor, the other end of the third capacitor, the emitter of the first transistor, the emitter of the second transistor, the other end of the fourth capacitor, the other end of the eighth resistor, and the other end of the fifth capacitor are all grounded.

4. The wireless data acquisition device for a smart meter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The communication unit includes: a ninth resistor, a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor, a fourteenth resistor, a fourth transistor, a fifth transistor, a sixth transistor, a seventh transistor, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, and a dual-color light-emitting diode; One end of the ninth resistor serves as the first input terminal of the communication unit, receiving the serial port signal from the wireless data acquisition device. The other end of the ninth resistor is connected to the base of the fourth transistor; The collector of the fourth transistor is grounded, the emitter of the fourth transistor is connected to one end of the first capacitor and one end of the tenth resistor, and the other end of the first capacitor is grounded. The other end of the tenth resistor is connected to the base of the fourth transistor, the emitter of the fourth transistor is connected to the first cathode of the dual-color light-emitting diode, and the collector of the fourth transistor is grounded through the eleventh resistor. The common anode of the dual-color light-emitting diode is connected to the power supply voltage of the smart meter; One end of the twelfth resistor serves as the second input terminal of the communication unit, receiving the serial port signal from the smart meter; The other end of the twelfth resistor is connected to the base of the fifth transistor; The collector of the fifth transistor is grounded, the emitter of the fifth transistor is connected to one end of the second capacitor and one end of the thirteenth resistor, and the other end of the second capacitor is grounded. The other end of the thirteenth resistor is connected to the base of the sixth transistor, the emitter of the sixth transistor is connected to the second cathode of the dual-color light-emitting diode, and the collector of the sixth transistor is grounded through the fourteenth resistor.

5. The wireless data acquisition device for a smart meter according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The wireless data acquisition device supports the following frequency bands: 870 / 900MHz and 2.4GHz.

6. The wireless data acquisition device for a smart meter according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The transmission power range of the wireless data collector is 10~30dBm.

7. The wireless data acquisition device for a smart meter according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The modulation methods of the wireless data acquisition device include: frequency shift keying and direct sequence spread spectrum.

8. The wireless data acquisition device for a smart meter according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that, The encryption algorithms of the wireless data collector include SHA-256 and RSA-1024.

9. A smart meter, characterized in that, include: The meter body and the wireless data acquisition device of the smart meter as described in any one of claims 1-8, wherein the meter body and the wireless data acquisition device are connected by a pin.

10. The smart meter according to claim 9, characterized in that, Also includes: A pin connection reinforcement assembly includes a first connection reinforcement member and a second connection reinforcement member, which are respectively placed at different positions of the pin.

Images