Beam diameter switchable shaping device

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the field of additive manufacturing relates to a light beam diameter switchable forming device, including laser, beam expander group, galvanometer, field lens, front dynamic mirror, rear dynamic mirror and translation movement mechanism, beam expander group includes at least two parallelly arranged beam expander, front dynamic mirror and rear dynamic mirror are set on translation movement mechanism, translation movement mechanism drives front dynamic mirror and rear dynamic mirror and translates between different beam expander, front dynamic mirror, the any beam expander of beam expander group, rear dynamic mirror, galvanometer and field lens are in order from front to rear and are set on the light path of the emergent light of laser. The utility model provides a light beam diameter switchable forming device, which is high in efficiency, convenient to control and can effectively improve the precision.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of additive manufacturing and relates to a forming device, particularly a forming device with switchable beam diameter. Background Technology

[0002] In existing powder bed fusion (PBF) methods, beam diameter switching is often achieved by moving or rotating a beam expander. The disadvantages are: 1) the beam expander requires high precision in motion; 2) the beam expander has a large inertia, the switching speed is often slow, and the driving force is large and difficult to control; 3) the beam expander is in motion for a long time, which reduces its structural stability and even reliability. Utility Model Content

[0003] In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems in the background art, the present invention provides a beam diameter switchable shaping device that is highly efficient, easy to control, and can effectively improve accuracy.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0005] A beam diameter switchable shaping device is characterized in that: the beam diameter switchable shaping device includes a laser, a beam expander group, a galvanometer, a field mirror, a front moving mirror, a rear moving mirror, and a translational motion mechanism; the beam expander group includes at least two beam expanders arranged in parallel; the front moving mirror and the rear moving mirror are mounted on the translational motion mechanism; the translational motion mechanism drives the front moving mirror and the rear moving mirror to translate between different beam expanders; the front moving mirror, any beam expander in the beam expander group, the rear moving mirror, the galvanometer, and the field mirror are arranged sequentially from front to back in the optical path of the laser's emitted light.

[0006] The aforementioned translation mechanism is either an integral structure or a split structure.

[0007] When the above-mentioned translational motion mechanism is an integral structure, the translational motion mechanism includes a Y-shaped bracket and a driving component connected to the Y-shaped bracket; the front moving reflector and the rear moving reflector are respectively arranged on the forks of the Y-shaped bracket; the driving component drives the front moving reflector and the rear moving reflector to translate between different beam expanders through the Y-shaped bracket. Preferably, the driving component can be a linear stepper motor or a hydraulic cylinder.

[0008] When the above-mentioned translational motion mechanism is a split structure, the translational motion mechanism includes a first translational motion mechanism and a second translational motion mechanism; the front moving mirror is disposed on the first translational motion mechanism; the rear moving mirror is disposed on the second translational motion mechanism; the first translational motion mechanism drives the front moving mirror to translate between different beam expanders; the second translational motion mechanism drives the rear moving mirror to translate between different beam expanders.

[0009] The aforementioned front moving mirror and rear moving mirror move synchronously.

[0010] The structure of the first translational motion mechanism and the structure of the second translational motion mechanism are the same or different.

[0011] Both the first and second translational motion mechanisms mentioned above include at least a driving component and a telescopic rod connected to the driving component; the driving component drives the front moving mirror or the rear moving mirror to translate between different beam expanders via the telescopic rod.

[0012] The aforementioned beam diameter switchable shaping device also includes a front stationary mirror; the front stationary mirror and the front moving mirror are arranged sequentially from front to back in the optical path of the laser's output beam.

[0013] The aforementioned beam diameter switchable shaping device also includes a rear stationary mirror, wherein the rear moving mirror, the rear stationary mirror, and the galvanometer are arranged sequentially from front to back.

[0014] The aforementioned beam diameter switchable shaping device also includes an optical fiber and an optical fiber head; the optical fiber, the optical fiber head, and the front static reflector are arranged sequentially from front to back in the optical path of the laser's output beam.

[0015] The advantages of this utility model are:

[0016] This invention provides a beam diameter switchable shaping device, including a laser, a beam expander assembly, a galvanometer, a field mirror, a front moving mirror, a rear moving mirror, and a translation mechanism. The beam expander assembly includes at least two beam expanders arranged in parallel. The front and rear moving mirrors are mounted on the translation mechanism, which drives the front and rear moving mirrors to translate between different beam expanders. The front moving mirror, any beam expander in the beam expander assembly, the rear moving mirror, the galvanometer, and the field mirror are sequentially arranged from front to back in the optical path of the laser's output beam. This invention uses a method where the beam expander is stationary and the mirrors are moving (i.e., the translation mirrors adapt to different beam expanders) to achieve beam diameter switching, effectively avoiding the shortcomings of existing technologies and enabling higher efficiency, higher precision, and higher reliability in beam diameter switching. Furthermore, this invention adds a static mirror assembly, enabling flexible arrangement and integration of the optical path. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the beam diameter switchable forming device (front and rear control type) provided by this utility model before switching;

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the beam diameter switchable forming device (front and rear control type) provided by this utility model after switching;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the beam diameter switchable shaping device (front and rear control type) provided by this utility model before switching;

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the beam diameter switchable forming device (front and rear control type) provided by this utility model after switching;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the beam diameter switchable shaping device (front and rear total control multi-reflection type) provided by this utility model before switching;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the beam diameter switchable shaping device (front and rear total control multi-reflection type) provided by this utility model after switching;

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the beam diameter switchable shaping device (front and rear control multi-reflection type) provided by this utility model before switching;

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the beam diameter switchable shaping device (front and rear control multi-reflection type) provided by this utility model after switching;

[0025] in:

[0026] 1-Laser; 2-Fiber optic cable; 3-Fiber optic head; 4-Beam expander; 5-Galvanometer; 6-Field mirror; 7-Shaping part; 8-Translation mechanism; 9-Front moving mirror; 10-Rear moving mirror; 11-Front stationary mirror; 12-Rear stationary mirror. Detailed Implementation

[0027] This invention provides a beam diameter switchable shaping device, including a laser 1, a beam expander group, a galvanometer 5, a field mirror 6, a front moving mirror 9, a rear moving mirror 10, and a translational motion mechanism 8; the beam expander group includes at least a first beam expander and a second beam expander arranged in parallel (each beam expander in the beam expander group has a different beam magnification); the front moving mirror 9 and the rear moving mirror 10 are mounted on the translational motion mechanism 8; the translational motion mechanism 8 drives the front moving mirror 9 and the rear moving mirror 10 to translate between the first beam expander and the second beam expander; the front moving mirror 9, any beam expander in the beam expander group, the rear moving mirror 10, the galvanometer 5, and the field mirror 6 are arranged sequentially from front to back in the optical path of the laser 1's emitted light. This invention addresses the shortcomings of existing technologies (which use beam expander movement to switch beam diameters) by employing a new approach. It uses a translation mechanism 8 to move the front moving mirror 9 and the rear moving mirror 10, thereby enabling the laser emitted by the laser 1 to pass through different beam expanders and thus achieve convenient switching of beam diameters.

[0028] The translational motion mechanism 8 used in this utility model can be an integral structure or a split structure.

[0029] When the translation mechanism 8 is an integral structure, see Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 The translation mechanism 8 includes a Y-shaped bracket and a drive unit connected to the Y-shaped bracket; a front moving reflector 9 and a rear moving reflector 10 are respectively disposed on the forks of the Y-shaped bracket; the drive unit drives the front moving reflector 9 and the rear moving reflector 10 to translate between the first beam expander and the second beam expander via the Y-shaped bracket. For example, the drive unit can be a linear stepper motor or a hydraulic cylinder. See also [example description missing]. Figure 1 The front moving mirror 9 and the rear moving mirror 10 are both fixed on the translation mechanism 8. When the translation mechanism 8 moves, the front moving mirror 9 and the rear moving mirror 10 move synchronously.

[0030] When the translation mechanism 8 is a split structure, see Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 7 as well as Figure 8The translational motion mechanism 8 includes a first translational motion mechanism and a second translational motion mechanism; a front moving mirror 9 is disposed on the first translational motion mechanism; a rear moving mirror 10 is disposed on the second translational motion mechanism; the first translational motion mechanism drives the front moving mirror 9 to translate between the first beam expander and the second beam expander; the second translational motion mechanism drives the rear moving mirror 10 to translate between the first beam expander and the second beam expander. When the translational motion mechanism 8 is a split structure, the front moving mirror 9 and the rear moving mirror 10 need to move synchronously to ensure that the emitted laser from the laser 1 passes through the front moving mirror 9 and different beam expanders, and then enters the field mirror 5 through the rear moving mirror 10. For example, the structure of the first translational motion mechanism and the structure of the second translational motion mechanism may be the same or different. When they differ, the first translational motion mechanism and / or the second translational motion mechanism can be adaptively modified according to the working conditions to meet different practical needs. However, regardless of whether the first translational motion mechanism and the second translational motion mechanism are the same or different, both include at least a driving component and a telescopic rod connected to the driving component; the driving component drives the front moving mirror 9 or the rear moving mirror 10 to translate between the first beam expander and the second beam expander through the telescopic rod.

[0031] The beam diameter switchable shaping device also includes a front stationary mirror 11 and a rear stationary mirror 12; the front stationary mirror 11 and the front moving mirror 9 are arranged sequentially from front to back on the optical path of the laser beam emitted from the laser 1; the rear moving mirror 10, the rear stationary mirror 12 and the galvanometer 5 are arranged sequentially from front to back.

[0032] In addition, the beam diameter switchable shaping device also includes an optical fiber 2 and an optical fiber head 3; the optical fiber 2, the optical fiber head 3, and the front static reflector 11 are arranged sequentially from front to back on the optical path of the laser 1's emitted light.

[0033] When using the beam diameter switchable shaping device provided by this utility model, please refer to... Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 The beam expander assembly includes multiple beam expanders 4 arranged in parallel, such as... Figure 1 As shown, multiple beam expanders 4 are arranged in parallel from top to bottom, and simultaneously employ an integrated translational motion mechanism 8, that is, Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 This forms a front-to-back, controllable beam diameter switching shaping device (hereinafter referred to as Device A). Here, the topmost beam expander is defined as the first working position, the next is defined as the second working position, and the bottommost is defined as the Nth working position. In actual operation, see [reference needed]. Figure 1The laser beam generated by laser 1 is input through fiber optic head 3, reaches the front moving reflector 9, and after being reflected by the front moving reflector 9, enters the top beam expander 4 (i.e., both the front moving reflector 9 and the rear moving reflector 10 are in the first working position). The output beam after passing through the top beam expander 4 reaches the rear moving reflector 10, and after being reflected by the rear moving reflector 10, it sequentially enters the galvanometer 5 and the field mirror 6, and is finally focused on the forming part 7, completing the forming of the part. When it is necessary to switch the beam diameter, see [reference needed]. Figure 2 The integrated translational motion mechanism 8 drives the front moving mirror 9 and the rear moving mirror 1 to move synchronously. For example, the front moving mirror 9, the bottom beam expander 4 (which can be moved to any beam expander in the beam expander group), and the rear moving mirror 10 are placed in the same optical path; that is, both the front moving mirror 9 and the rear moving mirror 10 are in the Nth working position. At this time, the laser beam generated by the laser 1 is input through the fiber optic head 3, reaches the front moving mirror 9, is reflected by the front moving mirror 9, enters the bottom beam expander 4, and the beam output from the bottom beam expander 4 reaches the rear moving mirror 10. After being reflected by the rear moving mirror 10, it sequentially enters the galvanometer 5 and the field mirror 6, and is finally focused on the forming part 7, completing the forming of the part. Clearly, Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 The method shown is that the laser beam can be conveniently and quickly switched to different working positions (even if the front moving mirror 9, the different beam expanders of the beam expander group and the rear moving mirror 10 are in the same optical path) through the integrated translational motion mechanism 8, so as to achieve the switching of different beam diameters.

[0034] See Figure 3 as well as Figure 4 A split-type translational motion mechanism 8 is used to form a front-to-back controllable beam diameter switching forming device (hereinafter referred to as device B). Device B operates in basically the same way as device A, except that in device B, the front moving mirror 9 is mounted on the first translational motion mechanism, and the rear moving mirror 10 is mounted on the second translational motion mechanism. Both the front and rear moving mirrors 9 and 10 can move independently. The first translational motion mechanism controls the translational movement of the front moving mirror 9, and the second translational motion mechanism controls the translational movement of the rear moving mirror 10, ultimately placing both the front and rear moving mirrors 9 and 10 in the same working position, facilitating rapid forming of parts under different beam diameters.

[0035] See Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 This is another preferred embodiment provided by the present invention. The structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of device A, except that a front stationary mirror 11 is added in front of the front moving mirror 9, and a rear stationary mirror 12 is added after the rear moving mirror 10. Figure 5 as well as Figure 6 The embodiment shown forms a front-to-back control multi-reflection beam diameter switchable shaping device (hereinafter referred to as device C). The working process or mode of device C is basically the same as that of device A. The difference is that the laser beam generated by laser 1 is input to the front stationary reflector 11 through the fiber optic head 3, and then reflected by the front stationary reflector 11 to the front moving reflector 9. At the same time, the beam reflected by the rear moving reflector 10 is reflected by the rear stationary reflector 12 and enters the galvanometer 5. The other processes are exactly the same as those of device A, and will not be described in detail here.

[0036] See Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 This is another embodiment provided by the present invention. The structure of this embodiment is basically the same as that of device B, except that a front stationary mirror 11 is added in front of the front moving mirror 9, and a rear stationary mirror 12 is added after the rear moving mirror 10. Figure 7 as well as Figure 8 The embodiment shown forms a front-and-rear controlled multi-reflection beam diameter switchable shaping device (hereinafter referred to as device D). The working process or mode of device D is basically the same as that of device B. The difference is that the laser beam generated by laser 1 is input to the front stationary reflector 11 through the fiber optic head 3, and then reflected by the front stationary reflector 11 to the front moving reflector 9; at the same time, the beam reflected by the rear moving reflector 10 is reflected by the rear stationary reflector 12 and enters the galvanometer 5. The other processes are exactly the same as those of device B, and will not be described in detail here.

Claims

1. A beam diameter switchable shaping device, characterized in that: The beam diameter switchable shaping device includes a laser (1), a beam expander group, a galvanometer (5), a field mirror (6), a front moving mirror (9), a rear moving mirror (10), and a translational motion mechanism (8); the beam expander group includes at least two beam expanders arranged in parallel; the front moving mirror (9) and the rear moving mirror (10) are arranged on the translational motion mechanism (8); the translational motion mechanism (8) drives the front moving mirror (9) and the rear moving mirror (10) to translate between different beam expanders; the front moving mirror (9), any beam expander of the beam expander group, the rear moving mirror (10), the galvanometer (5), and the field mirror (6) are arranged sequentially from front to back on the optical path of the laser (1) output light.

2. The beam diameter switchable shaping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The translation mechanism (8) is either an integral structure or a split structure.

3. The beam diameter switchable shaping device according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the translational motion mechanism (8) is an integral structure, the translational motion mechanism (8) includes a Y-shaped bracket and a driving component connected to the Y-shaped bracket; the front moving mirror (9) and the rear moving mirror (10) are respectively set on the fork of the Y-shaped bracket; the driving component drives the front moving mirror (9) and the rear moving mirror (10) to translate between different beam expanders through the Y-shaped bracket.

4. The beam diameter switchable shaping device according to claim 2, characterized in that: When the translational motion mechanism (8) is a split structure, the translational motion mechanism (8) includes a first translational motion mechanism and a second translational motion mechanism; the front moving mirror (9) is disposed on the first translational motion mechanism; the rear moving mirror (10) is disposed on the second translational motion mechanism; the first translational motion mechanism drives the front moving mirror (9) to translate between different beam expanders; the second translational motion mechanism drives the rear moving mirror (10) to translate between different beam expanders.

5. The beam diameter switchable shaping device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The front moving mirror (9) moves synchronously with the rear moving mirror (10).

6. The beam diameter switchable shaping device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The structure of the first translational motion mechanism is the same as or different from that of the second translational motion mechanism.

7. The beam diameter switchable shaping device according to claim 6, characterized in that: Both the first translational motion mechanism and the second translational motion mechanism include at least a driving member and a telescopic rod connected to the driving member; the driving member drives the front moving mirror (9) or the rear moving mirror (10) to translate between different beam expanders through the telescopic rod.

8. The beam diameter switchable shaping apparatus according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The beam diameter switchable shaping device also includes a front static mirror (11); the front static mirror (11) and the front dynamic mirror (9) are arranged sequentially from front to back on the optical path of the laser (1) output beam.

9. The beam diameter switchable shaping device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The beam diameter switchable shaping device also includes a rear stationary mirror (12), and the rear moving mirror (10), the rear stationary mirror (12), and the galvanometer (5) are arranged sequentially from front to back.

10. The beam diameter switchable shaping device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The beam diameter switchable shaping device also includes an optical fiber (2) and an optical fiber head (3); the optical fiber (2), the optical fiber head (3) and the front static reflector (11) are arranged sequentially from front to back on the optical path of the laser (1) where the emitted light is located.

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