Hammer crusher gear shock absorbing mechanism

Abstract

The utility model relates to hammer crusher technical field especially is a kind of hammer crusher gear damping mechanism, including hammer crusher, the driving shaft of being movably installed in hammer crusher and driving motor, the output end of driving motor is fixedly connected with driven shaft, and driven shaft is detachably installed with no. Two elastic bushings, the driving shaft is detachably installed with no. One elastic bushing, transmission assembly is jointly provided on one elastic bushing and no. Two elastic bushings. The hammer crusher gear damping mechanism of the utility model, by setting detachable elastic bushing of multilayer structure on driving shaft and driven shaft, and combining with belt drive, the strong impact vibration generated when hammer crusher works is effectively absorbed and isolated, high-damping intermediate layer can significantly dissipate vibration energy, substantially reduce the dynamic load transferred to driving motor and transmission system, prolong the overall service life of equipment, improve the stability and reliability of operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of hammer crusher technology, and in particular to a gear damping mechanism for a hammer crusher. Background Technology

[0002] Hammer crushers are widely used in mining, building materials, and other industries. Their working principle involves a high-speed rotating rotor driving hammers to impact and crush materials. During this process, the unevenness of the material and the enormous impact force generated during crushing cause strong vibrations in the rotor system. This vibration is transmitted upstream along the transmission chain, causing continuous impact loads on the drive motor, reducer (if used), drive shaft, and connecting components. Traditional connections often use rigid couplings, which, while effectively transmitting torque, offer almost no vibration damping. Long-term impact vibration not only accelerates the wear of critical components such as gears and bearings, leading to increased equipment noise and decreased reliability, but can also cause serious malfunctions such as loose anchor bolts and frame cracking, severely affecting the normal operation and service life of the equipment. Although existing technologies have attempted to add vibration damping pads to the frame or bearing housings, these measures mainly target overall machine vibration and have limited effectiveness in suppressing high-frequency, high-energy impact vibrations at the connection points between the drive shaft and the belt gear / gear hub. Therefore, we propose a gear vibration damping mechanism for hammer crushers. Utility Model Content

[0003] The main purpose of this utility model is to provide a gear damping mechanism for a hammer crusher, which can effectively solve the problems in the background art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0005] A gear damping mechanism for a hammer crusher includes a hammer crusher, a drive shaft movably installed inside the hammer crusher, and a drive motor. The output end of the drive motor is fixedly connected to a driven shaft. A second elastic bushing is detachably installed on the driven shaft. A first elastic bushing is detachably installed on the drive shaft. A transmission component is provided on both the first and second elastic bushings.

[0006] The transmission assembly includes a first belt gear and a second belt gear. The first belt gear is detachably mounted on the first elastic bushing, and the second belt gear is detachably mounted on the second elastic bushing. The first belt gear and the second belt gear are connected by a transmission chain.

[0007] Preferably, the driven shaft includes a transmission shaft fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor, the outer surface of the transmission shaft is integrally formed with a first spline, and a limiting baffle located at the rear end of the first spline is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the design rigidly connects the drive shaft and the drive motor to ensure the stability of power input. The one-piece molded No. 1 spline provides a precise and reliable torque transmission path and achieves accurate matching with the subsequent elastic bushing. The setting of the limit baffle effectively prevents the No. 2 elastic bushing installed on the drive shaft from excessively moving or falling off in the axial direction, ensuring the positional stability and connection reliability of the elastic bushing during operation.

[0009] Preferably, the second elastic bushing includes a bushing body, the outer surface of which is integrally formed with a second spline, and the inner surface of which is integrally formed with a first keyway that engages with the first spline. The bushing body is slidably sleeved on the drive shaft through the first keyway.

[0010] By adopting the above technical solution, the first keyway on the inner surface of the second elastic bushing forms a sliding spline connection with the first spline on the driven shaft, allowing the elastic bushing to be slidably installed or removed along the axial direction, achieving disassembly and facilitating maintenance and replacement. Simultaneously, the spline connection ensures that torque can be efficiently and reliably transmitted from the drive shaft to the elastic bushing itself.

[0011] Preferably, the bushing body includes an inner layer fitted onto the bushing body, an outer layer fitted into the second belt gear, and an intermediate layer located between the inner layer and the outer layer.

[0012] By adopting the above technical solution: the inner layer uses high-strength polyurethane or modified nylon with a Shore hardness of 80A-95A, the middle layer uses high-damping rubber or special polyurethane with a Shore hardness of 50A-70A, and the outer layer uses medium-hardness rubber with a Shore hardness of 65A-80A or an elastomer reinforced with fabric.

[0013] Preferably, the inner surfaces of both the first and second belt gears are provided with a second keyway that engages with the second spline.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solution, the second keyway on the inner surface of the belt gear and the second spline on the outer surface of the elastic bushing are matched to form another set of spline connections. This allows the belt gear to be securely installed on the elastic bushing and to transmit torque from the elastic bushing to the belt gear. At the same time, it allows the belt gear to slide axially for installation and disassembly, ensuring the reliability of the connection and the convenience of maintenance in the entire transmission chain.

[0015] Preferably, the structure of the first elastic bushing is the same as that of the second elastic bushing, and the structures of the driving shaft and the driven shaft are the same.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solutions, not only is the design simplified and production costs reduced, but spare parts management is also made more convenient, and the system's versatility and interchangeability are improved.

[0017] Preferably, the connection method between the first elastic bushing and the drive shaft is the same as the connection method between the second elastic bushing and the driven shaft, and the connection method between the first belt gear and the first elastic bushing is the same as the connection method between the second belt gear and the second elastic bushing.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the connection methods at both ends are unified. That is, both use spline sliding sleeve to connect the elastic bushing to the shaft, and spline connection to connect the belt gear to the elastic bushing. This facilitates installation and debugging, and improves the convenience and efficiency of maintenance.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0020] 1. By setting multi-layered elastic bushings on the drive shaft and driven shaft respectively, and connecting them with belt drive, efficient vibration isolation and buffering are achieved. The middle layer inside the elastic bushing is made of high-damping material. When the hammer crusher is working and generates impact, it can undergo elastic deformation and consume a large amount of vibration energy, which significantly reduces the dynamic load transmitted to the drive motor and transmission shaft. This not only effectively protects precision components such as motors and bearings from impact damage and extends the service life of the entire transmission system, but also greatly reduces the vibration and noise during equipment operation, improves the working environment, and enhances the stability and reliability of equipment operation.

[0021] 2. The elastic bushings are installed on the drive shaft and driven shaft respectively using a detachable spline connection, and the belt gear is fixed to the outer layer of the elastic bushings by splines. This design makes the replacement of the elastic bushings extremely convenient. When the elastic bushings age or their performance deteriorates due to long-term use, there is no need to disassemble the complex shaft system or replace the expensive belt gear. Simply loosen the belt and slide the belt gear out axially to remove the old elastic bushing from the shaft and replace it with a new bushing. This greatly reduces the maintenance cost and downtime of the equipment, improves maintenance efficiency, and ensures that the equipment can quickly resume efficient operation. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a gear damping mechanism for a hammer crusher according to the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the driven shaft of a gear damping mechanism for a hammer crusher according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the No. 2 elastic bushing of the gear damping mechanism for a hammer crusher according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission component of a gear damping mechanism for a hammer crusher according to the present invention.

[0026] In the diagram: 1. Hammer crusher; 2. Drive shaft; 3. Driven shaft; 31. Transmission shaft; 32. No. 1 spline; 33. Limiting baffle; 4. Drive motor; 5. No. 1 elastic bushing; 6. No. 2 elastic bushing; 61. Bushing body; 611. Inner layer; 612. Outer layer; 613. Intermediate layer; 62. No. 2 spline; 63. No. 1 keyway; 7. Transmission assembly; 71. No. 1 belt gear; 711. No. 2 keyway; 72. No. 2 belt gear; 73. Transmission chain. Detailed Implementation

[0027] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0028] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," and "the other end," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0029] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," and "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connected" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0030] Please see Figure 1-4 This utility model provides a technical solution:

[0031] A gear damping mechanism for a hammer crusher includes a hammer crusher 1, a drive shaft 2 movably installed inside the hammer crusher 1, and a drive motor 4. The output end of the drive motor 4 is fixedly connected to a driven shaft 3. A second elastic bushing 6 is detachably installed on the driven shaft 3. A first elastic bushing 5 is detachably installed on the drive shaft 2. A transmission assembly 7 is provided on both the first elastic bushing 5 and the second elastic bushing 6.

[0032] In this embodiment, the transmission assembly 7 includes a first belt gear 71 and a second belt gear 72. The first belt gear 71 is detachably mounted on the first elastic bushing 5, and the second belt gear 72 is detachably mounted on the second elastic bushing 6. A transmission chain 73 is connected between the first belt gear 71 and the second belt gear 72. The driven shaft 3 includes a transmission shaft 31 fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor 4. A first spline 32 is integrally formed on the outer surface of the transmission shaft 31, and a limiting baffle 33 located at the rear end of the first spline 32 is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft 31. The second elastic bushing 6 includes a bushing body 61. A second spline 62 is integrally formed on the outer surface of the bushing body 61. The inner surface of the main body 61 is integrally formed with a first keyway 63 that engages with the first spline 32. The bushing main body 61 is slidably sleeved on the drive shaft 31 through the first keyway 63. The inner surfaces of the first belt gear 71 and the second belt gear 72 are both provided with a second keyway 711 that engages with the second spline 62. The structure of the first elastic bushing 5 is the same as that of the second elastic bushing 6. The structures of the drive shaft 2 and the driven shaft 3 are the same. The connection method between the first elastic bushing 5 and the drive shaft 2 is the same as that between the second elastic bushing 6 and the driven shaft 3. The connection method between the first belt gear 71 and the first elastic bushing 5 is the same as that between the second belt gear 72 and the second elastic bushing 6.

[0033] Through the above scheme: when the drive motor 4 starts, its output end drives the transmission shaft 31 of the driven shaft 3 to rotate. The first spline 32 on the outer surface of the transmission shaft 31 engages with the first keyway 63 on the inner surface of the second elastic bushing 6, thereby transmitting torque from the transmission shaft 31 to the second elastic bushing 6. The second elastic bushing 6 rotates accordingly, and the second spline 62 on its outer surface engages with the second keyway 711 on the inner surface of the second belt gear 72, further transmitting torque to the second belt gear 72. The second belt gear 72 drives the first belt gear 71 to rotate synchronously through the transmission chain 73; the second keyway 711 on the inner surface of the first belt gear 71 engages with the first elastic bushing 3. The second spline 62 on the outer surface engages with the first belt gear 71 to transmit torque to the first elastic bushing 5. The first keyway 63 on the inner surface of the first elastic bushing 5 engages with the corresponding first spline 32 on the drive shaft 2, ultimately transmitting torque to the drive shaft 2 to drive the hammers inside the hammer crusher 1 to perform crushing operations. During the entire transmission process, when the hammer crusher 1 generates strong impact vibration due to the crushing of materials, the vibration energy will attempt to be transmitted in the reverse direction through the drive shaft 2. At this time, the intermediate layer 613 in the first elastic bushing 5 and the second elastic bushing 6 undergoes elastic deformation, utilizing its high internal friction characteristics to absorb most of the vibration energy and convert it into heat energy for consumption.

[0034] In this embodiment, the bushing body 61 includes an inner layer 611 sleeved on the bushing body 61, an outer layer 612 sleeved inside the second belt gear 72, and an intermediate layer 613 located between the inner layer 611 and the outer layer 612; the inner layer 611 is made of high-strength polyurethane or modified nylon with a Shore hardness of 80A-95A, the intermediate layer 613 is made of high-damping rubber or special polyurethane with a Shore hardness of 50A-70A, and the outer layer 612 is made of medium-hardness rubber with a Shore hardness of 65A-80A or an elastomer reinforced with fabric.

[0035] Through the above scheme: the inner layer 611 of the first elastic bushing 5 and the second elastic bushing 6 ensures the reliability and high shear resistance of the spline connection between the first elastic bushing 5 and the driven shaft 2 and the driven shaft 3, and ensures the stable transmission of torque; while the outer layer 612 ensures the firmness of the spline connection between the first belt gear 71 and the second belt gear 72, and can accommodate certain installation tolerances; the limiting baffle 33 prevents the second elastic bushing 6 from moving excessively in the axial direction, and ensures its stable working position.

[0036] It should be noted that this utility model is a gear damping mechanism for a hammer crusher. During use, when the drive motor 4 starts, its output end drives the transmission shaft 31 of the driven shaft 3 to rotate. The first spline 32 on the outer surface of the transmission shaft 31 engages with the first keyway 63 on the inner surface of the second elastic bushing 6, thereby transmitting torque from the transmission shaft 31 to the second elastic bushing 6. The second elastic bushing 6 then rotates, and the second spline 62 on its outer surface engages with the second keyway 711 on the inner surface of the second belt gear 72, further transmitting torque. The second belt gear 72 drives the first belt gear 71 to rotate synchronously via the transmission chain 73. The second keyway 711 on the inner surface of the first belt gear 71 engages with the second spline 62 on the outer surface of the first elastic bushing 5, transmitting torque from the first belt gear 71 to the first elastic bushing 5. The first keyway 63 on the inner surface of the first elastic bushing 5 engages with the corresponding first spline 32 on the drive shaft 2, ultimately transmitting torque to the drive shaft 2 to drive the hammers inside the hammer crusher 1 for crushing operations. During transmission, when the hammer crusher 1 experiences strong impact vibrations due to the crushing of materials, this vibration energy attempts to be transmitted in the reverse direction through the drive shaft 2. At this time, the intermediate layer 613 of the first elastic bushing 5 and the second elastic bushing 6 undergoes elastic deformation, utilizing its high internal friction characteristics to absorb most of the vibration energy and convert it into heat energy for dissipation. Simultaneously, the inner layer 611 of the first elastic bushing 5 and the second elastic bushing 6 ensures the reliability and high shear resistance of the spline connection between the first elastic bushing 5 and the driven shaft 2 and the driven shaft 3, guaranteeing stable torque transmission; while the outer layer... 612 ensures the robustness of the spline connection between the first belt gear 71 and the second belt gear 72, and can accommodate certain installation tolerances; the limit baffle 33 prevents the second elastic bushing 6 from excessive axial movement, ensuring its stable working position; since both the first elastic bushing 5 and the second elastic bushing 6 adopt a detachable installation method, that is, they are connected by a spline sliding sleeve, when the elastic bushing ages or is damaged due to long-term use, it can be easily removed from the drive shaft 2 or driven shaft 3 for replacement without replacing the entire shaft or belt gear, making maintenance simple.

[0037] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of this utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that this utility model is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely illustrative of the principles of this utility model. Various changes and modifications can be made to this utility model without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claims. The scope of protection of this utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A hammer crusher gear shock absorbing mechanism comprising a hammer crusher (1), a driving shaft (2) movably mounted in the hammer crusher (1), and a driving motor (4), characterized in that: The output end of the drive motor (4) is fixedly connected to the driven shaft (3), and a second elastic bushing (6) is detachably installed on the driven shaft (3). A first elastic bushing (5) is detachably installed on the drive shaft (2). A transmission assembly (7) is provided on both the first elastic bushing (5) and the second elastic bushing (6). The transmission assembly (7) includes a first belt gear (71) and a second belt gear (72). The first belt gear (71) is detachably mounted on a first elastic bushing (5), and the second belt gear (72) is detachably mounted on a second elastic bushing (6). The first belt gear (71) and the second belt gear (72) are connected by a transmission chain (73).

2. A hammer mill gear shock absorbing mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The driven shaft (3) includes a transmission shaft (31) fixedly connected to the output end of the drive motor (4). The outer surface of the transmission shaft (31) is integrally formed with a first spline (32). A limiting baffle (33) located at the rear end of the first spline (32) is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft (31).

3. A hammer mill gear shock absorbing mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The second elastic bushing (6) includes a bushing body (61), the outer surface of which is integrally formed with a second spline (62), and the inner surface of which is integrally formed with a first keyway (63) that engages with the first spline (32). The bushing body (61) is slidably sleeved on the drive shaft (31) through the first keyway (63).

4. A hammer mill gear shock absorbing mechanism as claimed in claim 3, wherein: The bushing body (61) includes an inner layer (611) sleeved on the bushing body (61), an outer layer (612) sleeved inside the second belt gear (72), and an intermediate layer (613) located between the inner layer (611) and the outer layer (612).

5. A hammer mill gear shock absorbing mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The inner surfaces of both the first belt gear (71) and the second belt gear (72) are provided with a second keyway (711) that engages with the second spline (62).

6. A hammer mill gear shock absorbing mechanism as defined in claim 1, wherein: The structure of the first elastic bushing (5) is the same as that of the second elastic bushing (6), and the structure of the driving shaft (2) is the same as that of the driven shaft (3).

7. A hammer mill gear shock absorbing mechanism as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The connection method between the first elastic bushing (5) and the drive shaft (2) is the same as the connection method between the second elastic bushing (6) and the driven shaft (3). The connection method between the first belt gear (71) and the first elastic bushing (5) is the same as the connection method between the second belt gear (72) and the second elastic bushing (6).

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