Floating head structure of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger

Abstract

This utility model relates to a floating head structure for a heat exchanger, specifically a floating head structure for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. It includes a floating head tube sheet and floating head covers and hook rings respectively disposed at both ends of the floating head tube sheet. A first sealing ring and a second sealing ring are provided between the floating head cover and hook ring and the floating head tube sheet. The hook ring has six slots and a sliding groove, with the slots communicating with adjacent sliding grooves. The floating head cover and hook ring employ a quick-connect design: multiple square blocks are arranged circumferentially on the floating head cover, corresponding to matching slots on the inner wall of the hook ring. During assembly, the square blocks are aligned with the slots, inserted, and rotated to a set angle. The elastic reset mechanism built into the hook ring immediately drives the push rod to pop out, forming a rigid insertion and fixation with the square blocks, achieving quick locking. During disassembly, by rotating the adjusting ring on the outside of the hook ring, the internal elastic push rod retracts and disengages from the square blocks, and the floating head cover can be pulled out to complete the disassembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to a floating head structure for a heat exchanger, specifically a floating head structure for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. Background Technology

[0002] Shell-and-tube heat exchangers are a common type of heat exchange equipment, mainly composed of a shell, tube bundle, tube sheet, and end caps. Their core working principle is that one fluid flows inside the tubes while another flows inside the shell, exchanging heat through the tube walls. They offer advantages such as simple structure, robustness, durability, and large capacity, and are widely used in various industrial sectors including petrochemicals, power generation, chemicals, light industry, and metallurgy for heating, cooling, condensation, and evaporation processes.

[0003] A floating head is a structural component of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger. In a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the tube sheets at both ends of the tube bundle are connected to the shell using a floating head. This design allows the tube bundle to be freely extracted from the shell, making it easier to clean, maintain, and replace the tube bundle and the shell. It can also accommodate differences in thermal expansion and avoid equipment damage caused by thermal stress.

[0004] The connection and fixation of the floating head tube sheet, floating head cover and hook ring are achieved by radial positioning through the flange of the hook ring being embedded into the groove on the edge of the floating head tube sheet, the outer side of the hook ring is axially aligned with the inner step of the floating head cover, and then the bolts on the circumference of the floating head cover flange are tightened to apply pressure, and the sealing gasket on the contact surface is used to complete the sealing.

[0005] The floating head tube sheet and the floating head cover are connected by bolts, nuts and washers, while the hook ring is fitted onto the flange of the floating head tube sheet, and the floating head cover is fastened to the outside of the floating head tube sheet and the hook ring, and the two are connected by bolts.

[0006] Traditional floating head structures suffer from low assembly and disassembly efficiency and complex operation. They rely on bolt and nut connections, which are prone to loosening and have poor sealing, making them unsuitable for frequent disassembly and assembly needs. They also cannot quickly position and fix the floating head cover, resulting in a cumbersome and time-consuming installation process. Disassembly requires operating each bolt individually, making synchronous control impossible and greatly reducing maintenance efficiency. Furthermore, traditional structures have poor adaptability to different models, leading to insufficient reliability and durability in long-term use, which affects the service life and operating efficiency of floating head heat exchangers. Utility Model Content

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a floating head structure for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A floating head structure for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger includes a floating head tube sheet and floating head covers and hook rings respectively disposed at both ends of the floating head tube sheet. A first sealing ring and a second sealing ring are disposed between the floating head covers and the floating head tube sheet. The hook ring has six slots and a sliding groove. The slots communicate with adjacent sliding grooves. The slots and sliding grooves are inserted into a insertion mechanism disposed at one end of the floating head cover. The insertion mechanism is pressed into an elastic ejection mechanism disposed within the hook ring. A limiting insertion mechanism is disposed within the hook ring. The outer wall of the hook ring has six grooves and a torsion return mechanism disposed on the six grooves for returning the limiting insertion mechanism to its original position.

[0009] The floating head structure of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger as described above: the insertion mechanism includes six connectors fixed to one end of the floating head cover and square blocks fixed to the connectors. The square blocks are provided with slots, and the square blocks cooperate with the slots and grooves provided on the hook ring.

[0010] The floating head structure of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger as described above: the elastic ejection mechanism includes six top plates slidably mounted at the ends of the slide grooves and a first spring mounted at the ends of the top plates, the first spring being used to elastically reset the first spring.

[0011] The floating head structure of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger described above: the limiting insertion mechanism includes six sliding cavities opened inside the hook ring and passive bevel blocks slidably mounted on the sliding cavities, with a second spring fixedly connected to one end of each passive bevel block.

[0012] The floating head structure of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger described above includes a limiting insertion mechanism that also includes a plug rod installed at one end of the passive bevel block. The plug rod slides on the groove and engages with a slot on the square block.

[0013] The floating head structure of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger described above: the torsion return mechanism includes six grooves formed on the outer wall of the hook ring, and the six grooves communicate with six sliding cavities respectively.

[0014] The floating head structure of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger described above includes: the torsion return mechanism further includes active bevel blocks slidably mounted on the tank body; the six active bevel blocks are respectively engaged with the six passive bevel blocks in a compression manner; one end of each of the six active bevel blocks is equipped with the same adjusting ring, which is located around the hook ring.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: The float cover and hook ring adopt a quick-release connection design: multiple square blocks are set around the circumference of the float cover, and matching slots are opened on the inner wall of the hook ring; during assembly, the square blocks are aligned with the slots and inserted, and then rotated to the set angle. The elastic reset mechanism built into the hook ring immediately drives the push rod to pop out, forming a rigid insertion and fixation with the square blocks, achieving quick locking; during disassembly, by rotating the adjusting ring on the outside of the hook ring, the internal elastic push rod retracts and disengages from the square blocks in a synchronous linkage, and the float cover can be pulled out to complete the disassembly.

[0016] This utility model also greatly simplifies the disassembly and assembly process, eliminates the tedious operation of traditional bolt tightening, significantly shortens the assembly and disassembly time, and enables multiple sets of push rods to move synchronously to ensure uniform force distribution and avoid local jamming. At the same time, it provides convenient operation points for later maintenance and is suitable for frequent maintenance conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the floating head and the cross-sectional structure of the floating head cover of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the floating head structure in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a side view of the floating head structure in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the floating head structure in a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the hook ring, regulating ring, and square block structure in the floating head structure of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0022] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the hook ring and regulating ring structure in the floating head structure of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the hook ring structure in the floating head structure of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hook ring in the floating head structure of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the elastic ejection mechanism, the limiting insertion mechanism, and the active bevel block structure in the floating head structure of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the insertion mechanism, elastic ejection mechanism, limiting insertion mechanism, and active bevel block structure in the floating head structure of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0027] Figure 11This is a schematic diagram showing the disassembled structure of the insertion mechanism and the limiting insertion mechanism in the floating head structure of a shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0028] Figure 12 For the floating head structure of shell and tube heat exchangers Figure 8 Enlarged structural diagram of section A.

[0029] In the diagram: 1. Floating head tube sheet; 2. Floating head cover; 3. Hook ring; 4. First sealing ring; 5. Second sealing ring; 6. Groove; 7. Slide groove; 8. Connector; 9. Square block; 10. Slot; 11. First spring; 12. Top plate; 13. Groove; 14. Sliding cavity; 15. Second spring; 16. Passive bevel block; 17. Insert rod; 18. Adjusting ring; 19. Active bevel block. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0031] Please see Figures 1-12 As an embodiment of this utility model, the floating head structure of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger includes a floating head tube plate 1 and floating head covers 2 and hook rings 3 respectively disposed at both ends of the floating head tube plate 1. A first sealing ring 4 and a second sealing ring 5 are disposed between the floating head covers 2 and hook rings 3 and the floating head tube plate 1. The hook rings 3 are provided with six slots 6 and sliding grooves 7. The slots 6 and sliding grooves 7 are connected to the adjacent sliding grooves 7. The slots 6 and sliding grooves 7 are inserted into a fitting mechanism disposed at one end of the floating head cover 2. The fitting mechanism is pressed into an elastic ejection mechanism disposed in the hook rings 3. A limiting insertion mechanism is disposed in the hook rings 3. Six grooves 13 are provided on the outer wall of the hook rings 3 and a torsion return mechanism disposed on the six grooves 13 for returning the limiting insertion mechanism to its original position.

[0032] In this embodiment, the floating head cover 2 and the hook ring 3 adopt a quick-installation connection design. The floating head tube plate 1 is set between the floating head cover 2 and the hook ring 3. At the same time, the first sealing ring 4 and the second sealing ring 5 can ensure the sealing between the floating head tube plate 1, the floating head cover 2 and the hook ring 3. The circumferentially arranged insertion mechanism of the floating head cover 2 matches the slot 6 and the sliding groove 7 opened on the hook ring 3. During assembly, after aligning the insertion mechanism with the slot 6, it is rotated to a set angle in the sliding groove 7. During this process, the elastic ejection mechanism will elastically extend and retract as the insertion mechanism is screwed in, which makes the elastic ejection mechanism move out from above the limiting insertion mechanism. Then the limiting insertion mechanism can pop out and form a rigid insertion fixation with the insertion mechanism to achieve quick locking. During disassembly, by rotating the torsion return mechanism, it is linked to the limiting insertion mechanism to retract and detach from the insertion mechanism. At this time, the floating head cover 2 can be pulled out to complete the disassembly. This greatly simplifies the disassembly and assembly process, eliminates the cumbersome operation of traditional bolt tightening, and significantly shortens the assembly and disassembly time.

[0033] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the insertion mechanism includes six connectors 8 fixed to one end of the floating head cover 2 and square blocks 9 fixed on the connectors 8. The square blocks 9 are provided with slots 10, and the square blocks 9 cooperate with the slots 6 and sliding grooves 7 provided on the hook ring 3.

[0034] In this embodiment, six sets of connectors 8 are provided at one end of the floating head cover 2. Each connector 8 is fixed with a square block 9, and the square block 9 matches the slot 6 on the hook ring 3.

[0035] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the elastic ejection mechanism includes six top plates 12 slidably mounted at the ends of the slide groove 7 and a first spring 11 mounted at the ends of the top plates 12, wherein the first spring 11 is used to elastically reset the first spring 11.

[0036] In this embodiment, the top plate 12 slides on one end of the slide groove 7. After the floating head cover 2 is inserted and rotated, the square block 9 presses the top plate 12, causing the top plate 12 to be pushed to one end and compressing the first spring 11.

[0037] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the limiting insertion mechanism includes six sliding cavities 14 formed inside the hook ring 3 and passive bevel blocks 16 slidably mounted on the sliding cavities 14, with a second spring 15 fixedly connected to one end of the passive bevel block 16.

[0038] In this embodiment, passive chamfered blocks 16 are slidably mounted on the six sliding cavities 14 opened inside the hook ring 3, and the second spring 15 is used to elastically reset the passive chamfered blocks 16.

[0039] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the limiting insertion mechanism also includes a plug rod 17 installed at one end of the passive angled block 16. The plug rod 17 slides on the slide groove 7 and is inserted into the slot 10 opened on the square block 9.

[0040] In this embodiment, one end of the insertion rod 17 extends onto the slide groove 7, and the sliding direction of the insertion rod 17 is limited so that it can only slide at both ends. Each insertion rod 17 is inserted into the slot 10 on each square block 9.

[0041] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the torsion return mechanism includes six grooves 13 formed on the outer wall of the hook ring 3, and the six grooves 13 are respectively connected to six sliding cavities 14.

[0042] In this embodiment, all six grooves 13 are formed on the outer wall of the hook ring 3, and the grooves 13 are in communication with the sliding cavity 14.

[0043] As a further embodiment of this utility model, the torsion return mechanism also includes active bevel blocks 19 slidably mounted on the groove 13. The six active bevel blocks 19 are respectively engaged with the six passive bevel blocks 16 in a pressing manner. One end of the six active bevel blocks 19 is equipped with the same adjusting ring 18, which is located on the periphery of the hook ring 3.

[0044] In this embodiment, after the floating head cover 2 is inserted and rotated, the second spring 15 drives the insertion rods 17 to move through the passive bevel block 16. Then, the six insertion rods 17 are respectively inserted into the slots 10 of the six square blocks 9 to achieve quick locking. During disassembly, by rotating the adjusting ring 18, the six active bevel blocks 19 inside the adjusting ring 18 perform circular motion. Then, the active bevel blocks 19 and the bevels of the passive bevel blocks 16 are pressed together, causing the passive bevel blocks 16 to drive the insertion rods 17 to elastically contract, while compressing the second spring 15. At this time, the multiple insertion rods 17 contract synchronously and disengage from the slots 10 of the square blocks 9. Then, the floating head cover 2 can be rotated to remove and complete the disassembly.

[0045] The above embodiments are exemplary and not restrictive. Therefore, without departing from the spirit or basic characteristics of this utility model, any technical solutions that can be implemented in other specific forms are included in this utility model.

Claims

1. A floating head structure for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, comprising a floating head tube sheet (1) and floating head covers (2) and hook rings (3) respectively disposed at both ends of the floating head tube sheet (1), wherein a first sealing ring (4) and a second sealing ring (5) are disposed between the floating head covers (2) and hook rings (3) and the floating head tube sheet (1), characterized in that, The hook ring (3) has six slots (6) and a sliding groove (7). The slots (6) are connected to the adjacent sliding grooves (7). The slots (6) and sliding grooves (7) are inserted into the insertion mechanism at one end of the floating head cover (2). The insertion mechanism is squeezed into the elastic ejection mechanism in the hook ring (3). The hook ring (3) is provided with a limiting insertion mechanism. The outer wall of the hook ring (3) has six grooves (13) and a torsion return mechanism provided on the six grooves (13) for returning the limiting insertion mechanism to its original position.

2. A floating head structure for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein The insertion mechanism includes six connectors (8) fixed to one end of the floating head cover (2) and square blocks (9) fixed to the connectors (8). The square blocks (9) are provided with slots (10) and the square blocks (9) cooperate with the slots (6) and slides (7) provided on the hook ring (3).

3. A floating head structure for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 2, wherein The elastic ejection mechanism includes six top plates (12) slidably mounted at the end of the slide (7) and a first spring (11) mounted at the end of the top plate (12), the first spring (11) being used to elastically reset the first spring (11).

4. A floating head structure for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 3, wherein The limiting insertion mechanism includes six sliding cavities (14) opened inside the hook ring (3) and passive bevel blocks (16) slidably mounted on the sliding cavities (14). One end of the passive bevel block (16) is fixedly connected to a second spring (15).

5. A floating head structure for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 4, wherein The limiting insertion mechanism also includes a plug rod (17) installed at one end of the passive angled block (16). The plug rod (17) slides on the slide groove (7) and the plug rod (17) is inserted into the slot (10) opened on the square block (9).

6. A floating head structure for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 5, wherein The torsion return mechanism includes six grooves (13) formed on the outer wall of the hook ring (3), and the six grooves (13) are respectively connected to six sliding cavities (14).

7. A floating head structure for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger according to claim 6, wherein The torsion return mechanism also includes active bevel blocks (19) that are slidably mounted on the groove (13). The six active bevel blocks (19) are respectively squeezed into the six passive bevel blocks (16). One end of the six active bevel blocks (19) is equipped with the same adjustment ring (18), which is located on the periphery of the hook ring (3).

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