An antenna

Abstract

The embodiment of the present application provides an antenna. The antenna comprises: a flexible substrate, which can be bent and folded according to a preset condition; an antenna main body, which is attached to the surface of the flexible substrate; the antenna main body comprises a feed point, a feed point, a first branch and a second branch, the first branch and the second branch are symmetrical about the median line of the flexible substrate in the first direction; the feed point is arranged on the first branch, the feed point is arranged on the second branch, and the feed point and the feed point are communicated with each other; the feed point and the feed point are located at the middle position of the flexible substrate in the second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are perpendicular to each other; the first branch and the second branch jointly produce resonance at a preset target frequency band, the current path on the antenna main body can change along with the bending and folding of the flexible substrate, and the equivalent electric length of the antenna main body can be shortened along with the bending and folding of the flexible substrate. The present application has the advantages of miniaturization and performance coexistence.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a miniaturized global navigation satellite system antenna. Background Technology

[0002] A Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is a space-based radio navigation and positioning system that can provide users with all-weather three-dimensional coordinates, velocity, and time information at any location on the Earth's surface or in near-Earth space.

[0003] Global Navigation Satellite Systems encompass multiple satellite navigation systems, such as: China's BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS), the United States' Global Positioning System (GPS), Russia's GLONASS, the European Union's Galileo, and India's Regional Navigation Satellite System (Navigation with Indian Constellation), etc.

[0004] Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) are widely used in all sectors of modern society, from consumer electronics (such as smartphones and car navigation systems) to professional fields like aviation, navigation, and surveying, all relying on GNSS to obtain accurate position, velocity, and time information. With the continuous expansion of related application scenarios, the demand for GNSS antennas is increasing, and higher requirements are being placed on their performance and size.

[0005] Miniaturization has become a significant trend in the technological development of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS). Many consumer electronic devices prioritize thinness and portability, resulting in increasingly compact internal spaces and very limited space for antennas. This urgently necessitates the development of small-sized GNSS antennas that maintain high performance to meet the design requirements of device miniaturization. Utility Model Content

[0006] The antenna provided by this utility model aims to solve at least some of the defects of existing antennas.

[0007] This utility model provides an antenna. The antenna includes: A flexible substrate, which can be bent and folded according to a preset condition; Antenna body, the antenna body being attached to the surface of the flexible substrate; The antenna body includes a feed point, a feed location, a first stub, and a second stub. The first stub and the second stub are symmetrical about the perpendicular bisector of the flexible substrate in a first direction. The power supply point is located on the first branch, the power supply location is located on the second branch, and the power supply point and the power supply location are interconnected. Both the feed point and the feed location are located at the middle position of the flexible substrate in the second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are orthogonal to each other; The first stub and the second stub resonate together in the preset target frequency band. The current path on the antenna body can change with the bending and folding of the flexible substrate, and the equivalent electrical length of the antenna body can be shortened with the bending and folding of the flexible substrate.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first branch includes: First branch, second branch, third branch, fourth branch, and fifth branch; One end of the first branch is connected to the feed point, and the other end of the first branch is connected to one end of the second branch; The other end of the second branch is connected to the third branch, and the second branch and the third branch have a preset first distance in the first direction; The other end of the third branch is connected to one end of the fourth branch, and the other end of the fourth branch extends along the second direction toward the direction close to the first branch; One end of the fifth branch is connected to the fourth branch, and the other end of the fifth branch extends along the first direction toward the direction close to the second branch. The fifth branch and the third branch have a preset second distance in the second direction.

[0009] In some embodiments, the first branch is perpendicular to the second branch, the second branch is perpendicular to the third branch, the third branch is perpendicular to the fourth branch, and the fourth branch is perpendicular to the fifth branch. The first branch, the third branch, and the fifth branch are parallel to each other, and the second branch and the fourth branch are parallel to each other.

[0010] In some embodiments, the first branch, the second branch, the third branch, the fourth branch, and the fifth branch are all elongated. The length direction of the first branch, the width direction of the second branch, the length direction of the third branch, the thickness direction of the fourth branch, and the length direction of the fifth branch are all parallel to the first direction. The width direction of the first branch, the length direction of the second branch, the width direction of the third branch, the length direction of the fourth branch, and the width direction of the fifth branch are all parallel to the second direction.

[0011] In some embodiments, the two opposite ends of the third branch in the first direction are respectively flush with the two side edges of the flexible substrate in the first direction; The edge of the third branch away from the second branch or the fourth branch in the second direction is flush with the edge of the flexible substrate away from the second branch in the second direction. The edge of the fourth branch away from the fifth branch in the first direction is flush with the edge of the flexible substrate away from the second branch in the first direction.

[0012] In some embodiments, the second branch includes: The sixth branch, the seventh branch, the eighth branch, the ninth branch, and the tenth branch; One end of the sixth branch is connected to the feed point, and the other end of the sixth branch is connected to one end of the seventh branch; The other end of the seventh branch is connected to the eighth branch, and the seventh branch and the eighth branch have the first distance in the first direction; The other end of the eighth branch is connected to one end of the ninth branch, and the other end of the ninth branch extends along the second direction toward the direction of the sixth branch; One end of the tenth branch is connected to the ninth branch, the other end of the tenth branch extends along the first direction toward the seventh branch, and the tenth branch and the eighth branch have the second distance in the second direction.

[0013] In some embodiments, the sixth branch is perpendicular to the seventh branch, the seventh branch is perpendicular to the eighth branch, the eighth branch is perpendicular to the ninth branch, and the ninth branch is perpendicular to the tenth branch. The sixth branch, the eighth branch, and the tenth branch are parallel to each other, and the seventh branch and the ninth branch are parallel to each other.

[0014] In some embodiments, the sixth branch, the seventh branch, the eighth branch, the ninth branch, and the tenth branch are all elongated. The length direction of the sixth branch, the width direction of the seventh branch, the length direction of the eighth branch, the thickness direction of the ninth branch, and the length direction of the tenth branch are all parallel to the first direction. The width direction of the sixth branch, the length direction of the seventh branch, the width direction of the eighth branch, the length direction of the ninth branch, and the width direction of the tenth branch are all parallel to the second direction.

[0015] In some embodiments, the two opposite ends of the eighth branch in the first direction are respectively flush with the two side edges of the flexible substrate in the first direction; The edge of the eighth branch facing away from the seventh or ninth branch in the second direction is flush with the edge of the flexible substrate facing away from the first branch in the second direction. The edge of the ninth branch away from the tenth branch in the first direction is flush with the edge of the flexible substrate away from the seventh branch in the first direction.

[0016] In some embodiments, the physical length of the first branch is equal to the physical length of the sixth branch, the physical length of the second branch is equal to the physical length of the seventh branch, the physical length of the third branch is equal to the physical length of the eighth branch, the physical length of the fourth branch is equal to the physical length of the ninth branch, and the physical length of the fifth branch is equal to the physical length of the tenth branch. The physical widths of the first branch, the second branch, the third branch, the fourth branch, the sixth branch, the seventh branch, the eighth branch, and the ninth branch are all equal, and the physical width of the fifth branch is equal to the physical width of the tenth branch.

[0017] At least one beneficial effect of the antenna provided by this embodiment is that the flexible substrate of the antenna enables it to bend and fold, making it suitable for embedding in devices with limited internal space, such as small navigation terminals, thus contributing to its miniaturization. The first and second branches of the antenna are symmetrical about the perpendicular bisector of the flexible substrate in the first direction, and the feed point on the first branch and the feed point on the second branch are interconnected. Both the feed point and the feed point are located at the center of the flexible substrate in the second direction, forming a dipole design. This design not only enables the antenna to cover target frequency bands including the Global Positioning System (GPS) band, but also results in high antenna efficiency. The first and second branches of the antenna resonate together in the preset target frequency band. The current path on the antenna body can change with the bending and folding of the flexible substrate, and the equivalent electrical length of the antenna body can shorten with the bending and folding of the flexible substrate, thus giving the antenna the advantage of both miniaturization and high performance. Attached Figure Description

[0018] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. These illustrations do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements having the same reference numerals in the drawings are denoted as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings are not to be limited by scale.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the antenna structure provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of the antenna, transmission line and feeder in the state of mutual cooperation provided in the embodiment of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of frequency and reflection coefficient provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of frequency and gain provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of frequency and radiation efficiency provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is the radiation pattern of the antenna in the XY plane provided in this embodiment of the utility model; Figure 7 This is the radiation pattern of the antenna in the XZ plane provided in this embodiment of the utility model; Figure 8 This is the radiation pattern of the antenna in the YZ plane provided in this embodiment of the utility model.

[0020] Figure label: 100. Antenna; 1. Flexible substrate; 21. Feed point; 22. Feed location; 23. First branch; 24. Second branch; 231. First branch; 232. Second branch; 233. Third branch; 234. Fourth branch; 235. Fifth branch; 241. Sixth branch; 242. Seventh branch; 243. Eighth branch; 244. Ninth branch; 245. Tenth branch; 200, transmission line; 300, feeder line. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. It should be emphasized that the following description is merely exemplary and is not intended to limit the scope and application of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "vertical," "parallel," "length direction," "width direction," "first direction," "second direction," "away from," etc., used in this specification to indicate the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. The terms "installation," "connection," "joining," "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," "fourth," "fifth," "sixth," "seventh," "eighth," "ninth," and "tenth" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined with "first," "second," "third," "fourth," "fifth," "sixth," "seventh," "eighth," "ninth," and "tenth" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature; "multiple" or "several" means two or more; and "and / or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0023] To facilitate readers' understanding of the concept of this utility model, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 Please explain the following terms.

[0024] The term "resonance" refers to the phenomenon where, at a specific frequency, the reactance components (inductive and capacitive reactance) of an antenna cancel each other out, causing the antenna to exhibit purely resistive behavior (i.e., the imaginary part of the impedance is zero).

[0025] Resonance is a special response exhibited by an antenna near its center frequency. When antenna 100 resonates, antenna 100 and transmission line 200 achieve optimal matching, resulting in the highest energy transmission efficiency and the best radiation performance.

[0026] The term "dipole antenna" refers to an antenna consisting of two conductor arms of equal length, with open ends, and the feed point and feed line at the center of the dipole antenna are connected.

[0027] The first stub 23 and the second stub 24 in this antenna 100 are equivalent to two conductor arms of equal length. Therefore, the antenna body of this antenna 100 is based on a dipole design.

[0028] When the total length of the two conductor arms of equal length (or the total equivalent electrical length of the first stub 23 and the second stub 24) is half the wavelength (λ / 2), the current distribution at both ends of the conductor arm forms a standing wave, so that the input impedance is a pure resistance.

[0029] Shortening the total length of the two conductor arms of equal length (or shortening the total equivalent electrical length of the first stub 23 and the second stub 24) will increase the resonant frequency (due to the reduction of the equivalent inductance); conversely, extending the total length of the two conductor arms of equal length (or extending the total equivalent electrical length of the first stub 23 and the second stub 24) will decrease the resonant frequency.

[0030] The term "pre-set scenario" refers to a situation where the antenna needs to be embedded in a device with limited internal space, such as a small navigation terminal. In this case, bending and folding helps to miniaturize the antenna.

[0031] The term "omnidirectional antenna" refers to an antenna whose radiation pattern on a horizontal plane is uniformly radiated across 360 degrees, while its radiation pattern on a vertical plane has a certain directionality, allowing it to concentrate radiated energy within a certain angular range.

[0032] In other words, omnidirectional antennas have essentially the same radiation characteristics regardless of the direction from which they are viewed in the horizontal plane, and they do not have a significant directional bias. However, omnidirectional antennas have a significant directional bias in the vertical plane.

[0033] In the following description, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, the following situations exist: the thickness direction of the flexible substrate is defined as the "Z direction", the first direction is defined as the "X direction", the second direction is defined as the "Y direction", the plane formed by the X and Y directions is defined as the "XY plane", the plane formed by the X and Z directions is defined as the "XZ plane", and the plane formed by the Z and Y directions is defined as the "YZ plane". Here, the XY plane is a horizontal plane, while the XZ plane and YZ plane are vertical planes.

[0034] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The antenna 100 includes: a flexible substrate 1 and an antenna body.

[0035] The flexible substrate 1 is a flexible printed circuit board (FPC), which gives the antenna 100 the advantages of strong environmental adaptability, maintaining a balance between size reduction and performance, low cost and good signal.

[0036] In this embodiment of the application, the flexible substrate 1 is square, and the dimensions of the flexible substrate 1 are: side length of 20mm (mm represents millimeter) and thickness of 0.2mm.

[0037] The flexible substrate 1 is mainly made of flexible polymers (e.g., polyimide, polyester film), so the flexible substrate 1 can be repeatedly bent, folded or rolled up to adapt to complex three-dimensional spatial layouts.

[0038] The flexible substrate 1 can be bent and folded according to a preset condition, and the antenna body is attached to the surface of the flexible substrate 1.

[0039] In addition, the antenna body includes a feed point 21, a feed point 22, a first stub 23 and a second stub 24, and the first stub 23 and the second stub 24 are symmetrical about the perpendicular bisector of the flexible substrate 1 in the X direction.

[0040] In addition, the power supply point 21 is located on the first branch 23, the power supply point 22 is located on the second branch 24, and the power supply point 21 and the power supply point 22 are interconnected through the feeder line 300.

[0041] To further explain, one end of the transmission line 200 is connected to the feed point 22, while the other end of the transmission line 200 extends outward along the Y direction toward the flexible substrate 1, and the length of the transmission line 200 is 100 mm.

[0042] It should be noted that both feed point 21 and feed point 22 are located at the middle position of the flexible substrate 1 in the Y direction.

[0043] In summary, the first branch 23 and the second branch 24 of the antenna 100 are symmetrical about the perpendicular bisector of the flexible substrate 1 in the X direction. The feed point 21 on the first branch 23 and the feed point 22 on the second branch 24 are interconnected. At the same time, both the feed point 21 and the feed point 22 are located at the middle position of the flexible substrate 1 in the Y direction to form a dipole design. This design not only enables the antenna 100 to cover the target frequency band including the Global Positioning System frequency band, but also makes the antenna more efficient.

[0044] It is understandable that the first branch 23 and the second branch 24 resonate together in the preset target frequency band. The current path on the antenna body can be changed by bending and folding the flexible substrate 1, and the equivalent electrical length of the antenna body can be shortened by bending and folding the flexible substrate 1, so that the antenna 100 has the advantages of miniaturization and performance.

[0045] To further explain, the flexible substrate 1 of the antenna 100 enables the antenna 100 to be bent and folded. This design makes the antenna 100 suitable for embedding in devices with limited internal space, such as small navigation terminals, thereby contributing to the miniaturization of the antenna 100.

[0046] Specifically, the target frequency bands include, but are not limited to, the GPS L1 band (Global Positioning System L1, center frequency 1575 MHz), the Galileo E1 band (center frequency 1575 MHz), the Beidou B1C band (center frequency 1575 MHz), the Beidou B1l band (center frequency 1575 MHz), and the QZSS L1 band (Quasi-Zenith Satellite System L1, center frequency 1575 MHz).

[0047] Generally speaking, the GPS L1 band includes the GPS L1C band (modern fourth-generation civilian signal, which adopts a dual-channel structure of data channel and pilot channel) and the GPS L1C / A band (traditional civilian coarse acquisition code, which adopts BPSK modulation technology, BPSK is Binary Phase Shift Keying).

[0048] Specifically, this antenna 100 includes at least the following three target frequency bands: (1) 1559 MHz to 1563 MHz (Beidou B1l covers the frequency band of 1561.098 MHz).

[0049] (2) 1559 MHz to 1592 MHz (GPS L1 covers the frequency band from 1574.397 MHz to 1576.443 MHz, Beidou B1C, GPS L1C, GPS L1C / A and QZSS L1 cover the frequency band of 1575 MHz, and Galileo E1 covers the frequency band from 1587 MHz to 1591 MHz).

[0050] (3) 1595 MHz to 1606 MHz (signals of satellite navigation systems using frequency division multiple access technology in the L1 band).

[0051] Specifically, Frequency Division Multiple Access (FDMA) is a wireless access technology that enables multi-user communication by dividing the available spectrum into multiple independent frequency bands and allocating them to different users.

[0052] It should be noted that the radiation characteristics of this antenna 100 are omnidirectional, the maximum input power of this antenna 100 is 5W (W represents watts), the polarization mode of this antenna 100 is linear polarization, and the impedance of this antenna 100 is 50Ω (Ω represents ohms).

[0053] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first branch 23 includes: a first branch 231, a second branch 232, a third branch 233, a fourth branch 234, and a fifth branch 235.

[0054] One end of the first branch 231 is connected to the power supply point 21, and the other end of the first branch 231 is connected to one end of the second branch 232.

[0055] In addition, the other end of the second branch 232 is connected to the third branch 233, and the second branch 232 and the third branch 233 have a preset first distance in the X direction.

[0056] Furthermore, the other end of the third branch 233 is connected to one end of the fourth branch 234, and the other end of the fourth branch 234 extends along the Y direction toward the direction close to the first branch 231.

[0057] Specifically, one end of the fifth branch 235 is connected to the fourth branch 234, the other end of the fifth branch 235 extends along the X direction toward the direction close to the second branch 232, and the fifth branch 235 and the third branch 233 have a preset second distance in the Y direction.

[0058] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be seen that the first branch 231 is perpendicular to the second branch 232, the second branch 232 is perpendicular to the third branch 233, the third branch 233 is perpendicular to the fourth branch 234, and the fourth branch 234 is perpendicular to the fifth branch 235.

[0059] To further explain, the first branch 231, the third branch 233 and the fifth branch 235 are parallel to each other, and the second branch 232 and the fourth branch 234 are parallel to each other.

[0060] In some embodiments, refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be seen that the first branch 231, the second branch 232, the third branch 233, the fourth branch 234, and the fifth branch 235 are all elongated.

[0061] It should be noted that the length direction of the first branch 231, the width direction of the second branch 232, the length direction of the third branch 233, the thickness direction of the fourth branch 234, and the length direction of the fifth branch 235 are all parallel to the X direction.

[0062] It is understandable that the width direction of the first branch 231, the length direction of the second branch 232, the width direction of the third branch 233, the length direction of the fourth branch 234, and the width direction of the fifth branch 235 are all parallel to the Y direction.

[0063] In some embodiments, according to Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be seen that the two ends of the third branch 233 in the X direction are flush with the two sides of the flexible substrate 1 in the X direction.

[0064] Specifically, the edge of the third branch 233 facing away from the second branch 232 or the fourth branch 234 in the Y direction is flush with the edge of the flexible substrate 1 facing away from the second branch 24 in the Y direction.

[0065] In this embodiment, the edge of the fourth branch 234 facing away from the fifth branch 235 in the X direction is flush with the edge of the flexible substrate 1 facing away from the second branch 232 in the X direction.

[0066] In some embodiments, by Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be seen that the second branch 24 includes: the sixth branch 241, the seventh branch 242, the eighth branch 243, the ninth branch 244, and the tenth branch 245.

[0067] One end of the sixth branch 241 is connected to the feed point 22, and the other end of the sixth branch 241 is connected to one end of the seventh branch 242.

[0068] In addition, the other end of the seventh branch 242 is connected to the eighth branch 243, and the seventh branch 242 and the eighth branch 243 have a first distance in the X direction.

[0069] Furthermore, the other end of the eighth branch 243 is connected to one end of the ninth branch 244, and the other end of the ninth branch 244 extends along the Y direction toward the direction close to the sixth branch 241.

[0070] Specifically, one end of the tenth branch 245 is connected to the ninth branch 244, the other end of the tenth branch 245 extends along the X direction toward the direction close to the seventh branch 242, and the tenth branch 245 and the eighth branch 243 have a second distance in the Y direction.

[0071] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The sixth branch 241 is perpendicular to the seventh branch 242, the seventh branch 242 is perpendicular to the eighth branch 243, the eighth branch 243 is perpendicular to the ninth branch 244, and the ninth branch 244 is perpendicular to the tenth branch 245.

[0072] To further explain, the sixth branch 241, the eighth branch 243 and the tenth branch 245 are parallel to each other, and the seventh branch 242 and the ninth branch 244 are parallel to each other.

[0073] In some embodiments, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The sixth branch 241, the seventh branch 242, the eighth branch 243, the ninth branch 244, and the tenth branch 245 are all long and narrow.

[0074] It should be noted that the length direction of the sixth branch 241, the width direction of the seventh branch 242, the length direction of the eighth branch 243, the thickness direction of the ninth branch 244, and the length direction of the tenth branch 245 are all parallel to the X direction.

[0075] It is understandable that the width direction of the sixth branch 241, the length direction of the seventh branch 242, the width direction of the eighth branch 243, the length direction of the ninth branch 244, and the width direction of the tenth branch 245 are all parallel to the Y direction.

[0076] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the two ends of the eighth branch 243 in the X direction are flush with the two side edges of the flexible substrate 1 in the X direction.

[0077] Among them, the edge of the eighth branch 243 facing away from the seventh branch 242 or the ninth branch 244 in the Y direction is flush with the edge of the flexible substrate 1 facing away from the first branch 23 in the Y direction.

[0078] In addition, the edge of the ninth branch 244 facing away from the tenth branch 245 in the X direction is flush with the edge of the flexible substrate 1 facing away from the seventh branch 242 in the X direction.

[0079] In some embodiments, combined with Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be seen that the physical length of the first branch 231 is equal to the physical length of the sixth branch 241, the physical length of the second branch 232 is equal to the physical length of the seventh branch 242, the physical length of the third branch 233 is equal to the physical length of the eighth branch 243, the physical length of the fourth branch 234 is equal to the physical length of the ninth branch 244, and the physical length of the fifth branch 235 is equal to the physical length of the tenth branch 245.

[0080] To further explain, the physical widths of the first branch 231, the second branch 232, the third branch 233, the fourth branch 234, the sixth branch 241, the seventh branch 242, the eighth branch 243, and the ninth branch 244 are all equal, and the physical width of the fifth branch 235 is equal to the physical width of the tenth branch 245.

[0081] Figure 3 The return loss (RL) of this antenna is shown. Return loss is the reciprocal of the reflection coefficient.

[0082] The greater the return loss, the smaller the reflection coefficient, and the better the antenna matching. Conversely, the smaller the return loss RL, the greater the reflection coefficient, and the worse the antenna matching.

[0083] according to Figures 1-3It can be seen that the reference value of the reflection coefficient of this antenna 100 is -15dB; when the frequency of antenna 100 is 1.559GHz, its reflection coefficient is -19.6263dB; when the frequency of antenna 100 is 1.563GHz, its reflection coefficient is -20.2863dB; when the frequency of antenna 100 is 1.592GHz, its reflection coefficient is -24.1277dB; when the frequency of antenna 100 is 1.598GHz, its reflection coefficient is -25.4928dB; when the frequency of antenna 100 is 1.606GHz, its reflection coefficient is -25.8749dB; since the center frequency of the target frequency band covered by this antenna 100 is 1575 MHz (1.575GHz), the reflection coefficient of this antenna 100 at the center frequency (1575MHz) of the target frequency band is less than -20.2863dB and greater than -24.1277dB.

[0084] In summary, the reflection coefficient of this antenna 100 at the center frequency (1575 MHz) of the target frequency band is less than -15dB (reference value), which indicates that this antenna 100 has excellent matching performance when resonance occurs in the target frequency band.

[0085] Figure 4 The gain of this antenna is shown. Gain refers to the ratio of the signal power density produced by the actual antenna to that produced by an ideal isotropic point source (uniform radiation) at the same point in space when the input power is equal.

[0086] according to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 It can be seen that the gain of the antenna 100 at the center frequency (1575 MHz) of the target frequency band is 1.295 dBi. Since the antenna 100 is an omnidirectional antenna, and the gain of 1.295 dBi conforms to the general characteristics of an omnidirectional antenna, the gain of the antenna 100 at the center frequency (1575 MHz) of the target frequency band of 1.295 dBi can meet the basic communication requirements.

[0087] according to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4It can be seen that the center frequency (1575MHz) of this antenna 100 is in the rising phase of antenna gain; specifically, in the frequency band from 1559MHz (gain approaching 1.252 dBi) to 1565 MHz (gain of 1.286 dBi), the antenna gain is in a rising state; in the frequency band from 1565MHz to 1575 MHz, the antenna gain approaches a stable state; in the frequency band from 1575 MHz to 1600 MHz (gain of 1.563 dBi), the antenna gain continues to rise to the peak region; in the frequency band from 1600MHz to 1606MHz (gain approaching 1.565 dBi), the antenna gain approaches a stable state again; furthermore, the maximum gain of this antenna 100 in the frequency band from 1559 MHz to 1606 MHz is 1.565 dBi.

[0088] In summary, although the gain of this antenna 100 at the center frequency (1575 MHz) of the target frequency band has not yet reached the optimal performance range, the gain of this antenna 100 at the center frequency (1575 MHz) of the target frequency band is sufficient to meet the basic requirements for signal reception or signal transmission.

[0089] Figure 5 The radiation efficiency of this antenna 100 is shown, which measures its ability to efficiently convert input electrical power into radiated power in space.

[0090] according to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 5 It can be seen that the maximum radiative efficiency is approximately 51.64% in the 1559 MHz to 1563 MHz band; approximately 54.64% in the 1559 MHz to 1592 MHz band; approximately 55.56% in the 1595 MHz to 1606 MHz band; and 52.45% at the center frequency (1575 MHz).

[0091] In summary, although the radiation efficiency of this antenna 100 at the center frequency (1575 MHz) of the target frequency band has not yet reached the optimal performance range, the radiation efficiency of this antenna 100 at the center frequency (1575 MHz) of the target frequency band is sufficient to meet the coverage requirements of the signal range.

[0092] Figure 6 The radiation pattern of this antenna 100 in the XY plane (located at a center frequency of 1575 MHz) is shown, which can be understood as the radiation pattern of this antenna 100 in the horizontal plane.

[0093] according to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 It can be seen that the main lobe direction of this antenna 100 in the XY plane is: Figure 6 The data shows that the strongest radiation occurs near 0°, indicating that antenna 100 has the maximum radiation intensity in the positive X-axis direction (0°), with a maximum radiation intensity of 11.82 dBi. Figure 6 It also shows that the radiation intensity gradually decreases in other directions (for example, the radiation intensity in the 180deg direction is only 1.43 dBi).

[0094] according to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 6 It can be seen that the sidelobes of this antenna 100 in the XY plane are: Figure 6 The image shows multiple side lobes, which are radiation directions other than the main lobe.

[0095] The presence of side lobes indicates that the antenna 100 also radiates in directions other than the main lobe, but the intensity is low (for example, there are side lobes in directions such as approximately 30deg, 90deg, and 270deg).

[0096] It should be noted that, from Figure 6 It can also be seen that the radiation direction of this antenna 100 in the XY plane has a certain symmetry, especially the radiation intensity distribution on both sides of the X axis (near 0deg and 180deg) is relatively symmetrical.

[0097] Figure 7 The radiation pattern of this antenna 100 in the XZ plane (located at a center frequency of 1575 MHz) is shown. Figure 8 The radiation pattern of this antenna 100 in the YZ plane is shown (located at a center frequency of 1575 MHz).

[0098] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 It can be seen that the antenna 100 is asymmetrical in the vertical plane (i.e., the radiation pattern in the XZ plane and the radiation pattern in the YZ plane), therefore the antenna 100 has a certain directivity in the vertical plane.

[0099] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 as well as Figures 6-8 It can be seen that this antenna 100 is an omnidirectional antenna.

[0100] In summary, the antenna provided by this embodiment of the invention features a flexible substrate that enables the antenna to bend and fold. This design makes the antenna suitable for embedding in devices with limited internal space, such as small navigation terminals, thus contributing to its miniaturization. The first and second branches of the antenna are symmetrical about the perpendicular bisector of the flexible substrate in a first direction, and the feed point on the first branch and the feed point on the second branch are interconnected. Both the feed point and the feed point are located at the center of the flexible substrate in a second direction, forming a dipole design. This design not only allows the antenna to cover target frequency bands, including the Global Positioning System (GPS) band, but also results in high efficiency. The first and second branches of the antenna resonate together in the preset target frequency band. The current path on the antenna body can change with the bending and folding of the flexible substrate, and the equivalent electrical length of the antenna body can shorten with the bending and folding of the flexible substrate, thus giving the antenna the advantage of both miniaturization and high performance. Therefore, the antenna provided by this embodiment of the invention has a certain novelty compared to traditional antennas.

[0101] The above description, in conjunction with specific / preferred embodiments, provides a further detailed explanation of the present invention. It should not be construed that the specific implementation of the present invention is limited to these descriptions. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and all of these fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized by include: A flexible substrate, which can be bent and folded according to a preset condition; Antenna body, the antenna body being attached to the surface of the flexible substrate; The antenna body includes a feed point, a feed location, a first stub, and a second stub. The first stub and the second stub are symmetrical about the perpendicular bisector of the flexible substrate in a first direction. The power supply point is located on the first branch, the power supply location is located on the second branch, and the power supply point and the power supply location are interconnected. Both the feed point and the feed location are located at the middle position of the flexible substrate in the second direction, and the first direction and the second direction are orthogonal to each other; The first stub and the second stub resonate together in the preset target frequency band. The current path on the antenna body can change with the bending and folding of the flexible substrate, and the equivalent electrical length of the antenna body can be shortened with the bending and folding of the flexible substrate.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first branch includes: First branch, second branch, third branch, fourth branch, and fifth branch; One end of the first branch is connected to the feed point, and the other end of the first branch is connected to one end of the second branch; The other end of the second branch is connected to the third branch, and the second branch and the third branch have a preset first distance in the first direction; The other end of the third branch is connected to one end of the fourth branch, and the other end of the fourth branch extends along the second direction toward the direction close to the first branch; One end of the fifth branch is connected to the fourth branch, and the other end of the fifth branch extends along the first direction toward the direction close to the second branch. The fifth branch and the third branch have a preset second distance in the second direction.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first branch is perpendicular to the second branch, the second branch is perpendicular to the third branch, the third branch is perpendicular to the fourth branch, and the fourth branch is perpendicular to the fifth branch. The first branch, the third branch, and the fifth branch are parallel to each other, and the second branch and the fourth branch are parallel to each other.

4. The antenna according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first branch, the second branch, the third branch, the fourth branch, and the fifth branch are all elongated in shape; The length direction of the first branch, the width direction of the second branch, the length direction of the third branch, the thickness direction of the fourth branch, and the length direction of the fifth branch are all parallel to the first direction. The width direction of the first branch, the length direction of the second branch, the width direction of the third branch, the length direction of the fourth branch, and the width direction of the fifth branch are all parallel to the second direction.

5. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that, The two opposite ends of the third branch in the first direction are respectively flush with the two side edges of the flexible substrate in the first direction; The edge of the third branch away from the second branch or the fourth branch in the second direction is flush with the edge of the flexible substrate away from the second branch in the second direction. The edge of the fourth branch away from the fifth branch in the first direction is flush with the edge of the flexible substrate away from the second branch in the first direction.

6. The antenna according to claim 5, characterized in that The second branch includes: The sixth branch, the seventh branch, the eighth branch, the ninth branch, and the tenth branch; One end of the sixth branch is connected to the feed point, and the other end of the sixth branch is connected to one end of the seventh branch; The other end of the seventh branch is connected to the eighth branch, and the seventh branch and the eighth branch have the first distance in the first direction; The other end of the eighth branch is connected to one end of the ninth branch, and the other end of the ninth branch extends along the second direction toward the direction of the sixth branch; One end of the tenth branch is connected to the ninth branch, the other end of the tenth branch extends along the first direction toward the seventh branch, and the tenth branch and the eighth branch have the second distance in the second direction.

7. The antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sixth branch is perpendicular to the seventh branch, the seventh branch is perpendicular to the eighth branch, the eighth branch is perpendicular to the ninth branch, and the ninth branch is perpendicular to the tenth branch. The sixth branch, the eighth branch, and the tenth branch are parallel to each other, and the seventh branch and the ninth branch are parallel to each other.

8. The antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that, The sixth branch, the seventh branch, the eighth branch, the ninth branch, and the tenth branch are all elongated in shape; The length direction of the sixth branch, the width direction of the seventh branch, the length direction of the eighth branch, the thickness direction of the ninth branch, and the length direction of the tenth branch are all parallel to the first direction. The width direction of the sixth branch, the length direction of the seventh branch, the width direction of the eighth branch, the length direction of the ninth branch, and the width direction of the tenth branch are all parallel to the second direction.

9. The antenna according to claim 8, characterized in that, The two opposite ends of the eighth branch in the first direction are respectively flush with the two side edges of the flexible substrate in the first direction; The edge of the eighth branch facing away from the seventh or ninth branch in the second direction is flush with the edge of the flexible substrate facing away from the first branch in the second direction. The edge of the ninth branch away from the tenth branch in the first direction is flush with the edge of the flexible substrate away from the seventh branch in the first direction.

10. The antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that, The physical length of the first branch is equal to the physical length of the sixth branch, the physical length of the second branch is equal to the physical length of the seventh branch, the physical length of the third branch is equal to the physical length of the eighth branch, the physical length of the fourth branch is equal to the physical length of the ninth branch, and the physical length of the fifth branch is equal to the physical length of the tenth branch. The physical widths of the first branch, the second branch, the third branch, the fourth branch, the sixth branch, the seventh branch, the eighth branch, and the ninth branch are all equal, and the physical width of the fifth branch is equal to the physical width of the tenth branch.

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