A quad array circularly polarized antenna

Abstract

The utility model relates to antenna technical field especially relates to a kind of four-element array circularly polarized antenna, the four-element array circularly polarized antenna includes circuit board, and the four edges of the circuit board are sequentially equipped with first patch antenna, second patch antenna, third patch antenna and fourth patch antenna. By four patch antennas symmetrical installation in the four edges of circuit board, form four-element array structure, significantly reduce the height of antenna, make it more applicable to the small space requirement of handheld device and wearable device, through the spiral coupling branch of high-frequency dielectric plate upper and lower surface mutual coupling, make whole antenna structure simple and compact, height greatly reduce, realize low profile, make device more light and thin portable, improve the comfort and portability of wearing, simultaneously by using the high-frequency dielectric plate of light weight, relative permittivity is lower and traditional ceramic material is replaced, antenna weight is greatly reduced, more effectively widen the working band of antenna, improve signal reception and transmission performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of antenna technology, and in particular to a four-element array circularly polarized antenna. Background Technology

[0002] In today's digital age, wireless communication technologies such as navigation, radio frequency identification (RFID), Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi are widely used. For example, with the continuous emergence of large indoor venues such as shopping malls, supermarkets, exhibition halls, hospitals, and airports, handheld navigation devices and smart wearable devices have become important tools for indoor navigation. In warehouse management, RFID technology enables precise location and tracking of goods. In smart home environments, Wi-Fi signals are used to connect various smart devices, enabling interconnection and remote control. In these application scenarios, the antenna, as a key component for wireless signal transmission and reception, directly affects the stability and reliability of the system.

[0003] Currently widely used traditional ceramic patch antennas typically use ceramic materials as the dielectric substrate, leveraging their high relative permittivity to achieve a certain degree of antenna size reduction. However, this high permittivity material leads to significant signal loss, severely limiting the antenna's usable bandwidth and making it difficult to meet the urgent need for wideband coverage in modern devices. Furthermore, traditional ceramic patch antennas usually have a high profile, making them bulky in confined spaces such as handheld and wearable devices. This hinders miniaturization and thinner designs, increasing the device's size and weight, and impacting wearing comfort and portability. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problem that existing antenna technologies are bulky in small-space applications such as handheld and wearable devices, which is not conducive to the miniaturization and thinning design of these devices. This invention provides a four-element array circularly polarized antenna that can significantly reduce the height of the antenna, making it more suitable for the small-space requirements of handheld and wearable devices, greatly reducing the antenna weight, and effectively widening the antenna's operating frequency band.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a four-element array circularly polarized antenna, including a circuit board. A first patch antenna, a second patch antenna, a third patch antenna, and a fourth patch antenna are sequentially mounted on the four sides of the circuit board, and adjacent patch antennas are spatially perpendicular to each other to form circular polarization. The first patch antenna includes a high-frequency dielectric substrate, with a first helical coupling stub attached to the upper surface of the high-frequency dielectric substrate and a second helical coupling stub attached to the lower surface of the high-frequency dielectric substrate.

[0006] As a further description of the above technical solution: the first patch antenna, the second patch antenna, the third patch antenna and the fourth patch antenna have the same structure.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: both the first helical coupling stub and the second helical coupling stub have coupling gaps formed inside.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: a first metal conductive stub is provided on one side of the high-frequency dielectric substrate, and a second metal conductive stub is provided on the other side of the high-frequency dielectric substrate. The first metal conductive stub is connected to a first helical coupling stub, and the second metal conductive stub is connected to a second helical coupling stub.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: a first pad is provided on one side of the bottom of the high-frequency dielectric substrate, and a second pad is provided on the other side of the bottom of the high-frequency dielectric substrate. The first pad is connected to a first metal conductive branch, and the second pad is connected to a second metal conductive branch.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: the first patch antenna, the second patch antenna, the third patch antenna and the fourth patch antenna are respectively located at the center of the four sides of the circuit board.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: the circuit board adopts a PCB circuit board.

[0012] As a further description of the above technical solution: the first patch antenna, the second patch antenna, the third patch antenna and the fourth patch antenna all have a circuit board clearance area on their sides.

[0013] As a further description of the above technical solution: each of the clear areas of the circuit board is provided with a series capacitor, a parallel inductor and a power supply port on its side.

[0014] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0015] This invention significantly reduces the antenna height by symmetrically mounting four patch antennas on the four sides of a circuit board to form a four-element array structure, making it more suitable for the small space requirements of handheld and wearable devices. The spiral coupling branches on the upper and lower surfaces of the high-frequency dielectric board are mutually coupled, making the entire antenna structure simple and compact, greatly reducing the height and achieving a low profile. This makes the device lighter, thinner, and more portable, improving wearing comfort and portability. At the same time, by using a lightweight high-frequency dielectric board with a lower relative permittivity to replace traditional ceramic materials, the weight of the antenna is greatly reduced, and the operating frequency band of the antenna is more effectively widened, improving signal reception and transmission performance. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a four-element array circularly polarized antenna in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the top of the first patch antenna;

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the bottom of the first patch antenna;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a four-element array circularly polarized antenna in one embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Legend:

[0021] 1. Circuit board; 2. First patch antenna; 3. Second patch antenna; 4. Third patch antenna; 5. Fourth patch antenna; 6. Clear area of ​​circuit board; 7. Series capacitor; 8. Parallel inductor; 9. Feed port; 201. High-frequency dielectric substrate; 202. First helical coupling stub; 203. Second helical coupling stub; 204. Coupling gap; 205. First metal conductive stub; 206. Second metal conductive stub; 207. First pad; 208. Second pad. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0023] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "vertical", "up", "down", "horizontal", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0024] In the description of this utility model, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] like Figure 1-3 As shown, a four-element array circularly polarized antenna of this utility model includes a circuit board 1. A first patch antenna 2, a second patch antenna 3, a third patch antenna 4 and a fourth patch antenna 5 are sequentially mounted on the four sides of the circuit board 1, and adjacent patch antennas are spatially perpendicular to each other to form circular polarization. The first patch antenna 2 includes a high-frequency dielectric substrate 201. A first helical coupling stub 202 is attached to the upper surface of the high-frequency dielectric substrate 201, and a second helical coupling stub 203 is attached to the lower surface of the high-frequency dielectric substrate 201.

[0026] In the technical solution of this utility model, by symmetrically mounting four patch antennas—the first patch antenna 2, the second patch antenna 3, the third patch antenna 4, and the fourth patch antenna 5—on the four sides of the circuit board 1 to form a four-element array structure, the height of the antenna is significantly reduced, making it more suitable for the small space requirements of handheld and wearable devices. Through the mutual coupling of the first helical coupling stub 202 and the second helical coupling stub 203 on the upper and lower surfaces of the high-frequency dielectric substrate 201, the entire antenna structure is simple and compact, the height is greatly reduced, a low profile is achieved, making the device lighter and more portable, improving wearing comfort and portability, and improving signal accuracy and reliability.

[0027] Specifically, by using a high-frequency dielectric substrate 201 as the dielectric substrate for the patch antenna, the substrate is lightweight and has a small dielectric loss tangent, which makes the antenna lighter and allows for a significant reduction in frequency. By using the lightweight high-frequency dielectric substrate 201 with a lower relative permittivity to replace traditional ceramic materials, the antenna weight is significantly reduced, the antenna's operating bandwidth is more effectively widened, and signal reception and transmission performance are improved.

[0028] Among them, the first patch antenna 2, the second patch antenna 3, the third patch antenna 4 and the fourth patch antenna 5 are located at the center of the four sides of the circuit board 1, and the circuit board 1 is a PCB circuit board.

[0029] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first patch antenna 2, the second patch antenna 3, the third patch antenna 4, and the fourth patch antenna 5 have the same structure. By symmetrically placing four identical patch antennas at the centers of the four sides of the circuit board 1, a four-element array structure is formed, which makes the force and signal reception more uniform and reduces signal fluctuations caused by device tilting or shaking (such as changes in posture when wearing a wearable device). For example, when one side of the device faces the signal source, the antenna on that side can receive the signal preferentially, with other antennas supplementing to ensure overall signal stability.

[0030] like Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, both the first helical coupling stub 202 and the second helical coupling stub 203 have coupling gaps 204 inside; the antenna is miniaturized by utilizing the coupling gaps 4 formed inside both the first helical coupling stub 202 and the second helical coupling stub 203.

[0031] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, a first metal conductive stub 205 is provided on one side of the high-frequency dielectric substrate 201, and a second metal conductive stub 206 is provided on the other side of the high-frequency dielectric substrate 201. The first metal conductive stub 205 is connected to the first helical coupling stub 202, and the second metal conductive stub 206 is connected to the second helical coupling stub 203. A first pad 207 is provided on one side of the bottom of the high-frequency dielectric substrate 201, and a second pad 208 is provided on the other side of the bottom of the high-frequency dielectric substrate 201. The first pad 207 is connected to the first metal conductive stub 205, and the second pad 208 is connected to the second metal conductive stub 206.

[0032] Specifically, the first helical coupling branch 202 and the second helical coupling branch 203 are electrically connected to the first pad 207 and the second pad 208 through the first metal conductive branch 205 and the second metal conductive branch 206. The first pad 207 and the second pad 208 are soldered onto the circuit board 1, so that the high-frequency dielectric board 201, the first helical coupling branch 202 and the second helical coupling branch 203 can be connected to the circuit board 1.

[0033] like Figure 4 As shown, the first patch antenna 2, the second patch antenna 3, the third patch antenna 4 and the fourth patch antenna 5 are all provided with a circuit board clearance area 6 on their sides. Each circuit board clearance area 6 is provided with a series capacitor 7, a parallel inductor 8 and a power supply port 9 on its side.

[0034] Specifically, by changing the values ​​of the series capacitor 7 and the parallel inductor 8 of the patch antenna feed line, a small frequency shift can be achieved. The feed port 9 is located at the end of the patch antenna feed line, with one end connected to the patch antenna feed line and the other end connected to the circuit board 1. The clearance area 6 of the circuit board is located at the bottom of the patch antenna. By controlling the size of the clearance area 6 of the circuit board, the operating frequency and radiation efficiency of the antenna can be adjusted.

[0035] Working principle: By symmetrically mounting four patch antennas on the four sides of the circuit board 1 to form a four-element array structure, and through the first helical coupling stub 202 and the second helical coupling stub 203 on the upper and lower surfaces of the high-frequency dielectric substrate 201, the entire antenna structure is simple and compact, the height is greatly reduced, and a low profile is achieved, making the device lighter and more portable, improving wearing comfort and portability, and improving signal accuracy and reliability. At the same time, by using the lightweight high-frequency dielectric substrate 201 with a lower relative permittivity to replace traditional ceramic materials, the weight of the antenna is greatly reduced, the working frequency band of the antenna is more effectively widened, and the signal reception and transmission performance is improved.

[0036] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0037] The preferred embodiments of this utility model disclosed above are merely illustrative of the present utility model. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the utility model to the specific implementations described. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of this utility model, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize it. This utility model is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A quad array circularly polarized antenna, characterized in that, The circuit board (1) includes a first patch antenna (2), a second patch antenna (3), a third patch antenna (4) and a fourth patch antenna (5) installed sequentially on the four sides of the circuit board (1), and adjacent patch antennas are spatially perpendicular to each other to form circular polarization; The first patch antenna (2) includes a high-frequency dielectric substrate (201), on the upper surface of which a first helical coupling stub (202) is attached, and on the lower surface of which a second helical coupling stub (203) is attached.

2. The quad array circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The first patch antenna (2), the second patch antenna (3), the third patch antenna (4), and the fourth patch antenna (5) have the same structure.

3. The quad array circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The first helical coupling stub (202) and the second helical coupling stub (203) both have coupling gaps (204) inside.

4. The quad array circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: A first metal conductive stub (205) is provided on one side of the high-frequency dielectric substrate (201), and a second metal conductive stub (206) is provided on the other side of the high-frequency dielectric substrate (201). The first metal conductive stub (205) is connected to the first helical coupling stub (202), and the second metal conductive stub (206) is connected to the second helical coupling stub (203).

5. The quad array circularly polarized antenna according to claim 4, wherein: A first pad (207) is provided on one side of the bottom of the high-frequency dielectric substrate (201), and a second pad (208) is provided on the other side of the bottom of the high-frequency dielectric substrate (201). The first pad (207) is connected to the first metal conductive stub (205), and the second pad (208) is connected to the second metal conductive stub (206).

6. The quad array circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The first patch antenna (2), the second patch antenna (3), the third patch antenna (4) and the fourth patch antenna (5) are located at the center of the four sides of the circuit board (1).

7. The quad array circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The circuit board (1) is a PCB circuit board.

8. The quad array circularly polarized antenna according to claim 1, wherein: The first patch antenna (2), the second patch antenna (3), the third patch antenna (4) and the fourth patch antenna (5) are all provided with a circuit board clearance area (6) on their sides.

9. The quad array circularly polarized antenna according to claim 8, wherein: Each of the circuit board clearance areas (6) is provided with a series capacitor (7), a parallel inductor (8), and a power supply port (9) on its side.

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