Power distribution unit and power distribution system

Abstract

This application provides a power distribution unit and a power distribution system. The power distribution unit includes: a power distribution cabinet connected between a power supply and a load for supplying power to the load; wherein the power distribution cabinet includes: a control module and cabinet output terminals; the power supply line extends to connect to the cabinet output terminals, and the cabinet output terminals are also connected to the load; the control module is used to control the power line to be in a disconnected state before the cabinet output terminals are plugged into or unplugged from the load, to ensure that arcing does not occur when the cabinet output terminals are plugged into or unplugged from the load. The power distribution unit provided by this application solves the technical problem in the prior art where plugging into or unplugging the cabinet and load under energized conditions easily generates arcing, reducing the stability and reliability of the power supply system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of power supply technology, and in particular to a power distribution unit and a power distribution system. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of power transmission and distribution, the power distribution unit, as a key device connecting the power supply and the load, is crucial to the stable operation of the power system due to its safety and reliability. With the rapid development of industrial automation, data centers, and other fields, higher requirements are being placed on the safety control of the power distribution unit during load connection and disconnection.

[0003] Currently, common power distribution units generally use a direct plug-and-play operation method to connect or disconnect the cabinet from the load, and this often needs to be done while the power is on.

[0004] However, this traditional operating method poses significant safety hazards. Pluging or unplugging the cabinet and load while the power is on can easily cause arcing, which not only accelerates equipment aging and causes electrical faults, but may also lead to serious accidents such as fires, and reduce the stability and reliability of the power supply system. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides a power distribution unit and a power distribution system to solve the technical problem in the prior art that arcing is easily generated when plugging and unplugging cabinets and loads under energized conditions, which reduces the stability and reliability of the power supply system.

[0006] On one hand, this application provides a power distribution unit, including: a power distribution cabinet connected between a power supply and a load, for supplying power to the load; wherein,

[0007] The power distribution cabinet includes a control module and cabinet output terminals; the power supply line extends to connect to the cabinet output terminals, and the cabinet output terminals are also connected to the load.

[0008] The control module is used to control the power line to be in a disconnected state before the rack output terminal is plugged into or unplugged from the load, so as to ensure that no arcing occurs when the rack output terminal is plugged into or unplugged from the load.

[0009] The control module includes:

[0010] The second switching unit is used to control the on / off state of the power line;

[0011] The control unit is used to control the on / off state of the second switching unit;

[0012] The first switching unit is used to enable the control unit;

[0013] The cabinet output terminals include a first power signal pin and a first control signal pin;

[0014] The power distribution unit also includes a load output terminal, which includes a second power signal pin and a second control signal pin.

[0015] The pin length of the first power signal pin is greater than the pin length of the first control signal pin, and the pin length of the second power signal pin is greater than the pin length of the second control signal pin, such that during connection, the control signal pin establishes an electrical connection before the power signal pin, and during disconnection, the power signal pin disconnects the electrical connection before the control signal pin.

[0016] In one optional embodiment, the distribution cabinet and the load output terminal are connected in series between the power supply and the load;

[0017] The power distribution cabinet also includes a first control line and a second control line. A first switch unit is connected in series on the first control line, and a control unit is connected in series on the second control line. A second switch unit is connected in series on the power line. The load output terminal also includes a third control line.

[0018] The first and second control lines are connected to a control power signal at their beginning ends, and the ends of the first and second control lines are both connected to the third control line, so as to form a closed loop that controls the on / off state of the power line during the process of supplying power to the load.

[0019] In one optional embodiment, the first power signal pin is connected to the power line; the first control signal pin is correspondingly connected to the ends of the first control line and the second control line.

[0020] The load output terminal also includes a power connection line, which is connected to the power line during the process of supplying power to the load.

[0021] The second power signal pin is connected to the power connection line; the second control signal pin is connected to the third control line.

[0022] In one alternative embodiment, the power distribution unit further includes a connection terminal; the connection terminal is connected in series between the cabinet output terminal and the load output terminal.

[0023] In one alternative embodiment, the power line includes a positive line, a negative line, and a neutral line;

[0024] The second switching unit includes a first switch and a second switch, the first switch being connected in series on the negative line and the second switch being connected in series on the positive line; the control unit includes a first controller and a second controller, the first controller and the second controller being connected in series on the second control line, the first controller being used to control the first switch and the second controller being used to control the second switch.

[0025] In one optional implementation, the power distribution cabinet further includes a protection module;

[0026] The protection module includes a first protector and a second protector; the first protector is connected in series between the first switch and the end of the negative line; the second protector is connected in series between the second switch and the end of the positive line.

[0027] In one optional embodiment, the power distribution cabinet further includes a knob component that can be rotated to different preset positions. The knob component is located on the cabinet shell of the power distribution cabinet and is connected to the second switch unit for controlling the on / off state of the second switch unit.

[0028] Specifically, when the knob component is rotated to the first preset position, the second switch unit is controlled to be in a conducting state; when the knob component is rotated to the second preset position, the second switch unit is controlled to be in a disconnected state.

[0029] In one alternative embodiment, the knob component includes a locking structure;

[0030] When the knob component is rotated to the first preset position, the locking structure is in an unlocked state, allowing the cabinet output terminal to be disconnected or connected to the load.

[0031] When the knob component is rotated to the second preset position, the locking structure switches to the locked state, preventing the cabinet output terminal from being disconnected or connected to the load.

[0032] On the other hand, this application provides a power distribution system, including: a power supply and a power distribution unit as described in any one of the first aspects.

[0033] The power distribution unit and system provided in this application, by setting a control module in the distribution cabinet and actively disconnecting the power line before the cabinet output terminals are plugged in or unplugged from the load, ensure that the power line is de-energized during operation, eliminating the current path during live plugging and unplugging and preventing arcing. By disconnecting the power line in advance, arcing at the moment of connection or disconnection can be prevented from burning the contacts, effectively reducing the risk of electrical faults caused by arcing, improving the stability and reliability of the power supply system during load connection and disconnection, and ensuring the safety and continuity of power transmission. Furthermore, even if the control module malfunctions during power transmission, the physical design of the pin length difference still provides basic timing protection, forming a dual safety mechanism, further ensuring the safety and continuity of power transmission. Attached Figure Description

[0034] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power distribution unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of another power distribution unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of another power distribution unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another power distribution unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0040] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of another power distribution unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0041] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of another power distribution unit provided in an embodiment of this application;

[0042] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a locking structure located at a first preset position, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0043] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of a locking structure located at a second preset position, as provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0044] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0045] 100 - Power distribution unit; 200 - Power supply; 300 - Load; 1 - Power distribution cabinet; 10 - Control module; 20 - Cabinet output terminal; 30 - Power line; 11 - Second switch unit; 12 - Control unit; 13 - First switch unit; 40 - Load output terminal; 51 - First control line; 52 - Second control line; 53 - Third control line; 60 - Power connection line; 70 - Connection terminal; 31 - Positive line; 32 - Neutral line; 33 - Negative line; 111 - First switch; 112 - Second switch; 121 - First controller; 122 - Second controller; 81 - First protector; 82 - Second protector; 90 - Knob component; 91 - Locking structure.

[0046] The accompanying drawings have illustrated specific embodiments of this application, which will be described in more detail below. These drawings and descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the concept in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of this application to those skilled in the art through reference to specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0047] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this application. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0048] First, let me explain the terms used in this application:

[0049] Arcing phenomenon: refers to the phenomenon in which, during the operation of electrical equipment (such as switching on and off, plugging and unplugging equipment), when the voltage and current between the contacts reach a certain threshold, the air is ionized by a strong electric field, forming a high-temperature, high-brightness electric arc accompanied by discharge. It can burn the contacts, cause equipment failure, or even safety accidents. It is common in high-voltage or high-current circuit operation scenarios.

[0050] As described in the background section, the power supply is a high-voltage DC power supply that is converted from AC power and then transmitted. Furthermore, when the power supply supplies power to the load through the power distribution unit, the power distribution unit generally adopts a direct plug-and-play operation method when connecting or disconnecting the cabinet from the load, and this often needs to be done while the power is on.

[0051] However, this traditional operating method poses significant safety hazards. Pluging or unplugging the cabinet and load while the power is on can easily cause arcing, which not only accelerates equipment aging and causes electrical faults, but may also lead to serious accidents such as fires, and reduce the stability and reliability of the power supply system.

[0052] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this application provides a power distribution unit and a power distribution system. By installing a control module in the power distribution cabinet, and by actively cutting off the power line before the cabinet output terminals are plugged in or unplugged from the load, the power line is kept de-energized during the operation. In this way, by disconnecting the power line in advance, the arcing of the contacts during connection or disconnection can be prevented, eliminating the current path during live plugging and unplugging at the source and avoiding arcing. This effectively reduces the risk of electrical faults caused by arcing, improves the stability and reliability of the power supply system during load connection and disconnection, and ensures the safety and continuity of power transmission.

[0053] The technical solution of this application and how the technical solution of this application solves the above-mentioned technical problems are described in detail below with specific embodiments. These specific embodiments can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be described again in some embodiments. The embodiments of this application will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0054] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a power distribution unit provided in an embodiment of this application. See also... Figure 1 The power distribution unit 100 provided in this embodiment includes: a power distribution cabinet 1, connected between a power supply 200 and a load 300, for supplying power to the load 300; wherein, the power distribution cabinet 1 includes: a control module 10 and a cabinet output terminal 20; the power line 30 of the power supply 200 extends to connect with the cabinet output terminal 20, and the cabinet output terminal 20 is also connected to the load 300; the control module 10 is used to control the power line 30 to be in a disconnected state before the cabinet output terminal 20 is plugged into or unplugged from the load 300, so as to ensure that no arcing occurs when the cabinet output terminal 20 is plugged into or unplugged from the load 300.

[0055] In this embodiment, a power transmission channel between the power supply 200 and the load 300 is constructed through the power distribution cabinet 1. The power line 30 (such as a high-voltage DC power line) of the power supply 200 is connected to the cabinet output terminal 20 of the power distribution cabinet 1, and then the cabinet output terminal 20 is electrically connected to the load 300 to form a complete power supply circuit.

[0056] Specifically, the cabinet output terminal 20 serves as the physical interface between the power distribution cabinet 1 and the load 300. Through the integration of power transmission function and a detachable mechanical connection structure, it achieves flexible switching and reliable conductivity of the power supply circuit. This ensures stable power transmission while facilitating the installation and replacement of the load 300, thus improving the practicality and ease of operation of the power distribution unit 100.

[0057] This embodiment implements a safety protection mechanism for the plugging and unplugging operation of the cabinet output terminal 20 and the load 300 by adding a control module 10 to the power distribution cabinet 1. For example, before the cabinet output terminal 20 and the load 300 are plugged and unplugged (separated or connected), the control module 10 will actively cut off the current path of the power line 30, fundamentally eliminating the arcing phenomenon during the hot plugging and unplugging process.

[0058] Optionally, the control module 10 may use contactors, relays or other devices to control the current path of the power line 30, or it may use other devices and logic for control. This embodiment does not limit the specific control devices and logic of the control module 10.

[0059] For example, when using a relay to control the current path of the power line 30, the relay coil can be electrically connected to the control unit, and its contacts can be connected in series with the power line (such as positive and negative lines). Before the insertion or removal operation, the control unit first sends a de-energizing signal to the relay coil, which drives the contacts to separate through electromagnetic force, quickly cutting off the current in the power line; after the operation is completed, the control unit sends an energizing signal to close the contacts, restoring normal power supply, so that the operator can complete the insertion or removal (connection or disconnection) operation in a power-off state, fundamentally avoiding arcing.

[0060] The power distribution unit provided in this embodiment, by setting a control module in the power distribution cabinet, actively disconnects the power line before the cabinet output terminals are plugged in or unplugged from the load, so that the power line is in a de-energized state during the operation. In this way, by disconnecting the power line in advance, it can prevent the electric arc from burning the contacts at the moment of connection or disconnection, cut off the current path during live plugging and unplugging from the root, avoid arcing, effectively reduce the risk of electrical faults caused by arcing, improve the stability and reliability of the power supply system during load connection and disconnection, and ensure the safety and continuity of power transmission.

[0061] The following description provides an example of the specific structures that each functional module in the power distribution unit 100 may have, but it is not intended to limit this application.

[0062] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of another power distribution unit provided in an embodiment of this application. See also... Figure 2 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the control module 10 includes: a second switching unit 11 for controlling the on / off state of the power line 30; a control unit 12 for controlling the on / off state of the second switching unit 11; and a first switching unit 13 for enabling the control unit 12.

[0063] In the control architecture of this embodiment, the control module 10 achieves safe management and control of the power line 30 through a three-level control mechanism.

[0064] The first switching unit 13, acting as the highest-level controller, is responsible for enabling the control unit 12 (i.e., turning the control unit 12 on or off). Optionally, the first switching unit 13 can be triggered by system commands or manual operation to ensure that the control unit 12 is activated only when needed, avoiding malfunctions. The control unit 12, acting as an intermediate layer, sends on / off control signals to the second switching unit 11 according to preset logic (such as before detecting a plugging / unplugging operation) after receiving the enable signal, achieving precise control of the power line 30. The second switching unit 11, acting as the execution layer, can directly control the on / off state of the power line 30 through switching devices such as relays and contactors.

[0065] Specifically, when it is necessary to plug or unplug the cabinet output terminal 20 and the load 300, the operator first triggers the first switch unit 13 to enable the control unit 12. Then, the control unit 12 immediately sends a power-off signal to the second switch unit 11 to disconnect the power line 30. At this time, the operator can complete the physical plugging and unplugging operation of the cabinet output terminal 20 and the load 300 in a power-off state. After the operation is completed, the control unit 12 sends a power-on signal to restore power supply, and finally, the first switch unit 13 shuts down the control unit 12. This multi-level control mechanism can ensure operational safety (such as avoiding automatic false triggering through manual confirmation) and improve system reliability (such as emergency power-off through the first switch unit in case of control unit failure), ensuring the safety and continuity of power transmission.

[0066] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of another power distribution unit provided in an embodiment of this application. See also... Figure 3 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the power distribution unit 100 further includes a load output terminal 40, and the power distribution cabinet 1 and the load output terminal 40 are connected in series between the power supply 200 and the load 300; the power distribution cabinet 1 further includes a first control line 51 and a second control line 52, a first switch unit 13 is connected in series on the first control line 51, and a control unit 12 is connected in series on the second control line 52; a second switch unit 11 is connected in series on the power line 30; the load output terminal 40 further includes a third control line 53; the first ends of the first control line 51 and the second control line 52 are connected to a control power signal, and the ends of the first control line 51 and the second control line 52 are both connected to the third control line 53, so as to form a closed loop controlling the on / off state of the power line 30 during the process of supplying power to the load 300.

[0067] In this embodiment, the first control line 51 and the second control line 52 are connected to a preset control power supply in the distribution cabinet to obtain the electrical energy required to drive the control signal, i.e., the control power signal. The ends of both control lines are connected to the third control line 53. During the process of supplying power to the load 300, the three form a closed loop, thereby achieving precise control over the on / off state of the power line 30.

[0068] Based on the aforementioned closed loop, when it is necessary to connect or disconnect the distribution cabinet 1 from the load 300, the operator first disconnects the first switch unit 13, cutting off the control power signal of the first control line 51, causing the control unit 12 to enter a disabled state. At this time, the control unit 12 can send a disconnect command to the second switch unit 11 connected in series on the power line 30 through the second control line 52, driving the second switch unit 11 to quickly cut off the current path of the power line 30, ensuring that the power supply circuit is in a de-energized state, providing safe conditions for subsequent operations.

[0069] After the connection or disconnection operation is completed, the operator closes the first switch unit 13 to restore the power supply to the control circuit. The control unit 12 then sends a power-on signal to drive the second switch unit 11 to reconnect the power line 30 and restore the power supply to the load 300.

[0070] This design controls the current state of the power supply circuit from the source by controlling the on / off state of the control circuit, and disconnects the power before the load is plugged in or unplugged, completely avoiding arcing caused by live operation and ensuring the safety and reliability of the power distribution system.

[0071] See also Figure 3 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the cabinet output terminal 20 includes a first power signal pin and a first control signal pin; the first power signal pin is connected to the power line 30; the first control signal pin is correspondingly connected to the ends of the first control line 51 and the second control line 52; the load output terminal 40 further includes a power connection line 60, which is correspondingly connected to the power line 30 during the power supply to the load 300; the load output terminal 40 includes a second power signal pin and a second control signal pin; the second power signal pin is connected to the power connection line 60; the second control signal pin is connected to the third control line 53.

[0072] Based on this, the pin length of the first power signal pin is greater than the pin length of the first control signal pin, and the pin length of the second power signal pin is greater than the pin length of the second control signal pin, such that during the connection process, the control signal pin establishes an electrical connection before the power signal pin, and during the disconnection process, the power signal pin disconnects its electrical connection before the control signal pin.

[0073] In this embodiment, the timing separation of control signals and power signals is achieved by using the difference in pin length, which further improves the safety of the power distribution unit.

[0074] Specifically, the length of the first power signal pin of the rack output terminal 20 is longer than that of the first control signal pin, and the length of the second power signal pin of the load output terminal 40 is longer than that of the second control signal pin. Thus, when the rack output terminal 20 and the load output terminal 40 are connected, the shorter control signal pins (first and second control signal pins) make contact and establish an electrical connection first, at which point the control circuit is turned on first. The control unit 12, after confirming the connection is safe through the pre-detected control signal integrity, instructs the second switch unit 11 to close the power line 30 to achieve power transmission. Conversely, when disconnecting, the longer power signal pins (first and second power signal pins) separate first, cutting off the current path of the power line 30. The control signal pins remain connected at this time, ensuring that the control unit 12 can continuously monitor the disconnection process until the power signal is completely disconnected, at which point the control signal pins finally separate.

[0075] In the above process, a safe sequence of "power first, control second; control first, power last" is enforced through mechanical structure, avoiding the arcing risk caused by traditional plugging and unplugging. Furthermore, even if the control module 10 malfunctions during power transmission, the physical design of the pin length difference still provides basic timing protection, forming a dual safety mechanism that further ensures the safety and continuity of power transmission.

[0076] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of another power distribution unit provided in an embodiment of this application. See also... Figure 4 Based on the above embodiments, the power distribution unit 100 further includes a connection terminal 70; the connection terminal 70 is connected in series between the cabinet output terminal 20 and the load output terminal 40.

[0077] In this embodiment, the power distribution unit 100 is further designed to include a connection terminal 70. The function of this connection terminal 70 is to connect the cabinet output terminal 20 and the load output terminal 40 in series. In other words, the connection terminal 70 acts as a bridge in the entire power transmission circuit, allowing current to flow from the cabinet output terminal 20 to the load output terminal 40.

[0078] The connection terminal 70 provided in this embodiment can be used as a detachable component, enabling flexible system expansion. When the load is upgraded or replaced, there is no need to modify the original interface, significantly improving the maintenance convenience and adaptability of the power distribution system. Furthermore, the connection terminal 70 constructs a modular, highly reliable electrical connection interface: on the one hand, it reduces contact resistance and improves power transmission efficiency through a precision conductive structure (such as gold-plated contacts), and uses an independent mechanical structure to buffer insertion and extraction stress, extending terminal life; on the other hand, its integrated anti-misinsertion design, in conjunction with the pin length difference, ensures that control signals and power signals are established or disconnected according to the safe timing sequence of "control first disconnect, then power first disconnect," further reducing the system reliability risks caused by arcing.

[0079] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of a terminal structure provided in an embodiment of this application. See also... Figure 5 The cabinet output terminal 20, connection terminal 70, and load output terminal 40 can be designed as shown in the figure. In specific application scenarios, the cabinet output terminal 20 is adapted to be installed at the output port of the power distribution cabinet 1 as the starting interface for power output, and the power distribution cabinet 1 is placed on a preset rack; the connection terminal 70 is firmly installed on the same rack, serving as an intermediate hub for power transmission; the load output terminal 40 is connected to the load 300, responsible for accurately delivering electrical energy to the load.

[0080] It is worth noting that in the above structural design, the control signal pins of the cabinet output terminal 20 and the load output terminal 40 are shorter than the power signal pins, which allows the control signal pins to establish an electrical connection first during connection and the power signal pins to disconnect first during disconnection. The control signal pins of the connection terminal 70 are the same length as the power signal pins, satisfying its electrical connection requirements as a hub. In this way, through the design and coordination of each terminal, safe, efficient, and precisely timed power transmission is achieved.

[0081] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of another power distribution unit provided in an embodiment of this application. See also... Figure 6 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the power line 30 includes a positive line 31, a negative line 33, and a neutral line 32; the second switching unit 11 includes a first switch 111 and a second switch 112, the first switch 111 being connected in series with the negative line 33, and the second switch 112 being connected in series with the positive line 31; the control unit 12 includes a first controller 121 and a second controller 122, the first controller 121 and the second controller 122 being connected in series with the second control line 52, the first controller 121 being used to control the first switch 111, and the second controller 122 being used to control the second switch 112.

[0082] In this embodiment, the power line 30 includes a positive line 31, a negative line 33, and a neutral line 32. Their combination can provide different voltages to the load 300. For example, in a three-phase four-wire power supply system, the phase voltage (commonly 220V) can be obtained through the voltage difference between the positive line 31 (live wire) and the neutral line 32, while the line voltage (commonly 380V) can be obtained through the voltage difference between different positive lines 31 (live wires). This multi-line configuration allows the power distribution system to flexibly meet the voltage requirements of different loads.

[0083] Based on this, by utilizing the characteristic that the neutral line does not require additional control in the circuit, two sets of control and switching units (first controller 121 - first switch 111, second controller 122 - second switch 112) are set up to achieve effective control under different voltage supply conditions. Regardless of whether the load 300 is connected to phase voltage or line voltage, the control unit 12 can accurately issue commands according to the actual situation. For example, when the load 300 is operating in phase voltage mode, the first controller 121 and the second controller 122 can work together to control the corresponding first switch 111 and second switch 112 to ensure the accurate execution of the switching operation of the negative line 33 and the positive line 31; when the load 300 switches to line voltage mode, these two sets of control and switching units can still stably and reliably control the current switching of the power line 30 according to the commands of the control unit 12, and the control effect will not be affected by the change of voltage type. This comprehensively ensures the safe and stable operation of the load 300 under various voltage supply scenarios, simplifies the control structure of the neutral line, and reduces system complexity and cost while ensuring power supply safety and reliability.

[0084] See also Figure 6 Based on the above implementation, the distribution cabinet 1 further includes a protection module; the protection module includes a first protector 81 and a second protector 82; the first protector 81 is connected in series between the first switch 111 and the end of the negative line 33; the second protector 82 is connected in series between the second switch 112 and the end of the positive line 31.

[0085] In this embodiment, in the power distribution system, the protection module of the distribution cabinet 1 can use protective devices such as fuses and circuit breakers, which are connected in series between the ends of the positive and negative power lines (positive line 31, negative line 33) and the corresponding switches (second switch 112, first switch 111). The first protector 81 is responsible for monitoring and protecting the current flowing through the negative line 33, preventing possible electrical faults such as overcurrent or short circuits. The second protector 82 protects the positive line 31, ensuring the safe flow of current in the positive line 31 and preventing possible electrical problems.

[0086] When the power supply is in operation, if an abnormality such as overcurrent or short circuit occurs in the positive and negative lines, the corresponding protector will quickly trigger the circuit breaking action. Even if the switch 111 / 112 cannot disconnect normally due to a fault, the protector can independently cut off the circuit, forming a double safety guarantee. In this way, not only can the faulty line be quickly located, but it can also be adapted to multiple voltage levels, effectively reducing the risk of arcing.

[0087] It should be understood that, in normal operation, the protector takes precedence over the switch action to ensure that the timing of the control signal is consistent with that of the physical protection.

[0088] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of another power distribution unit provided in an embodiment of this application. See also... Figure 7 Based on the above embodiments, optionally, the power distribution cabinet 1 further includes a knob component 90 that can be rotated to different preset positions. The knob component 90 is located on the cabinet shell of the power distribution cabinet 1 and is connected to the second switch unit 11 to control the on / off state of the second switch unit 11. Specifically, when the knob component 90 is rotated to the first preset position, the second switch unit 11 is controlled to be in the on state, and when the knob component 90 is rotated to the second preset position, the second switch unit 11 is controlled to be in the off state.

[0089] In this embodiment, the knob component 90 configured in the power distribution cabinet 1 is installed on the cabinet shell and electrically connected to the second switch unit 11 through mechanical linkage to realize manual control of the current path of the power line. The knob can be rotated to switch between two preset positions. When the knob component 90 is rotated to the first preset position, its internal contacts close, triggering the second switch unit 11 to conduct, so that the power line 30 forms a current path and completes the power supply to the load 300; when the knob is rotated to the second preset position, the internal contacts separate, the second switch unit 11 is immediately disconnected, cutting off the power transmission and ensuring that the power distribution cabinet 1 is de-energized. At this time, plugging and unplugging the power distribution cabinet 1 and the load 300 can avoid the generation of electric arc.

[0090] This mechanical knob-based control method uses a visual and accessible user interface to control the circuit's on / off state. Operators can quickly start or stop the power supply with a simple rotation. It also avoids accidental operation through physical limit design, combining convenience and safety. At the same time, it can ensure that operators can respond quickly in emergency power outages, improving the system's reliability and safety.

[0091] Based on the above embodiments, the knob component 90 includes a locking structure 91; wherein, when the knob component 90 is rotated to the first preset position, the locking structure 91 is in an unlocked state, allowing the cabinet output terminal 20 to be separated or connected to the load 300; when the knob component 90 is rotated to the second preset position, the locking structure 91 switches to a locked state, preventing the cabinet output terminal 20 from being separated or connected to the load 300.

[0092] Optionally, the power distribution cabinet provided in this embodiment is provided with a groove that matches the knob component. Through the mechanical cooperation between the knob component 90 and the groove of the power distribution cabinet, a more intuitive and safe operation control can be achieved.

[0093] Specifically, such as Figure 8 As shown, when the knob component 90 is rotated to the first preset position (ON position), its built-in locking structure 91 is precisely embedded in the groove (not shown in the figure) of the distribution cabinet, forming a rigid physical limit. At this time, the second switch unit 11 is in the conducting state, and the power line 30 maintains a current path. If an attempt is made to forcibly plug or unplug the cabinet output terminal 20 and the load 300, there will be a risk of electric arc due to live operation. The groove limiting mechanism, through mechanical rigid constraint, directly blocks the plugging and unplugging action from a physical level, forcing the operator to perform the power-off procedure by turning the knob.

[0094] like Figure 9 As shown, when the knob component 90 is rotated to the second preset position (OFF position), the locking structure 91 completely disengages from the groove (not shown in the figure), releasing the physical limit; at the same time, the second switch unit 11 is simultaneously disconnected, completely cutting off the current transmission of the power line 30. At this time, the operator can safely perform terminal separation or connection operations.

[0095] This dual protection design of "groove limit + electrical control" avoids misoperation with a visible and perceptible mechanical structure, enforces standardized operating procedures, and can effectively reduce the risk of live plugging and unplugging caused by human negligence.

[0096] It should be understood that in practical applications, the locking structure can be implemented in various forms. For example, an electromagnetic locking mechanism can be used, where the extension and retraction of the locking tongue is controlled by power-on / power-off to form a mechanical lock with the limit slot of the distribution cabinet; or a cam linkage structure can be used, where the rotation of the knob drives the rotation of the cam, and the change of the cam profile is used to block and release the insertion and removal path; or an elastic buckle design can be used, where the spring force drives the buckle to engage or disengage with the positioning hole to achieve mechanical constraint on the operation. These different forms of locking structures can all be based on the principles of mechanical linkage or electromagnetic control to achieve effective coordination with the knob state and circuit on / off, meeting the diverse needs for safety, operability, and reliability in different application scenarios. This embodiment does not limit the implementation method of the structure.

[0097] In some scenarios, the knob component 90 can also integrate an indicator light; the indicator light can use different colors or flash at different frequencies to indicate different states. For example, when the knob is turned to the first preset position (ON), the indicator light is green, indicating that the power line is connected and the load is powered. At this time, the locking structure is embedded in the groove, physically blocking the plugging and unplugging operation to avoid the risk of liveness. When turned to the second preset position (OFF), the indicator light is red, indicating that the power line is disconnected, the system enters a safe mode, the locking structure disengages from the groove, and terminal plugging and unplugging is allowed.

[0098] The indicator light status is strictly synchronized with the knob position and the circuit on / off status. This not only helps operators quickly confirm the system status through intuitive feedback, but also provides immediate warning of circuit faults when the indicator light and knob positions are abnormal, further improving the reliability of power distribution plugging and unplugging operations.

[0099] This application also provides a power distribution system, including a power supply and a power distribution unit provided in any embodiment of this application, which has corresponding beneficial effects.

[0100] Other embodiments of this application will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the utility models disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this application that follow the general principles of this application and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this application are indicated by the following claims.

[0101] It should be understood that this application is not limited to the precise structure described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this application is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A power distribution unit, characterized in that, include: A power distribution cabinet, connected between the power supply and the load, is used to supply power to the load; wherein... The power distribution cabinet includes a control module and cabinet output terminals; the power supply line extends to connect to the cabinet output terminals, and the cabinet output terminals are also connected to the load. The control module is used to control the power line to be in a disconnected state before the rack output terminal is plugged into or unplugged from the load, so as to ensure that no arcing occurs when the rack output terminal is plugged into or unplugged from the load. The control module includes: The second switching unit is used to control the on / off state of the power line; The control unit is used to control the on / off state of the second switching unit; The first switching unit is used to enable the control unit; The cabinet output terminals include a first power signal pin and a first control signal pin; The power distribution unit also includes a load output terminal, which includes a second power signal pin and a second control signal pin. The pin length of the first power signal pin is greater than the pin length of the first control signal pin, and the pin length of the second power signal pin is greater than the pin length of the second control signal pin, such that during connection, the control signal pin establishes an electrical connection before the power signal pin, and during disconnection, the power signal pin disconnects the electrical connection before the control signal pin.

2. The power distribution unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power distribution cabinet and the load output terminal are connected in series between the power supply and the load; The power distribution cabinet also includes a first control line and a second control line. A first switch unit is connected in series on the first control line, and a control unit is connected in series on the second control line. A second switch unit is connected in series on the power line. The load output terminal also includes a third control line. The first and second control lines are connected to a control power signal at their beginning ends, and the ends of the first and second control lines are both connected to the third control line, so as to form a closed loop that controls the on / off state of the power line during the process of supplying power to the load.

3. The power distribution unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first power signal pin is connected to the power line; the first control signal pin is connected to the ends of the first control line and the second control line respectively. The load output terminal also includes a power connection line, which is connected to the power line during the process of supplying power to the load. The second power signal pin is connected to the power connection line; the second control signal pin is connected to the third control line.

4. The power distribution unit according to any one of claims 2-3, characterized in that, The power distribution unit also includes a connection terminal; the connection terminal is connected in series between the cabinet output terminal and the load output terminal.

5. The power distribution unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, The power line includes a positive line, a negative line, and a neutral line; The second switching unit includes a first switch and a second switch, the first switch being connected in series on the negative line and the second switch being connected in series on the positive line; the control unit includes a first controller and a second controller, the first controller and the second controller being connected in series on the second control line, the first controller being used to control the first switch and the second controller being used to control the second switch.

6. The power distribution unit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The power distribution cabinet also includes a protection module; The protection module includes a first protector and a second protector; the first protector is connected in series between the first switch and the end of the negative line; the second protector is connected in series between the second switch and the end of the positive line.

7. The power distribution unit according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, The power distribution cabinet also includes a knob component that can be rotated to different preset positions. The knob component is located on the cabinet shell of the power distribution cabinet and is connected to the second switch unit to control the on / off state of the second switch unit. Specifically, when the knob component is rotated to the first preset position, the second switch unit is controlled to be in a conducting state; when the knob component is rotated to the second preset position, the second switch unit is controlled to be in a disconnected state.

8. The power distribution unit according to claim 7, characterized in that, The knob component includes a locking structure; When the knob component is rotated to the first preset position, the locking structure is in an unlocked state, allowing the cabinet output terminal to be disconnected or connected to the load; When the knob component is rotated to the second preset position, the locking structure switches to the locked state, preventing the cabinet output terminal from being separated from or connected to the load.

9. A power distribution system, characterized in that, include: The power supply and the power distribution unit according to any one of claims 1-8.

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