A lower drive system and electric shovel suitable for extremely cold working conditions

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of off-car drive systems and electric shovel suitable for extremely cold working condition, including temperature monitoring protection system, cable protection sleeve, sealing component, current collector ring, off-car drive motor and the motor drive cable of both electrical connections, wiring cabinet is equipped on off-car drive motor;Temperature monitoring protection system is used to detect the ambient temperature of the off-car drive motor, only when the detected ambient temperature value reaches preset temperature value, off-car drive motor can be started;Cable protection sleeve is used to wrap the motor drive cable, play heat insulation function;Sealing component is arranged at the gap between the box of wiring cabinet and box cover, play sealing insulation function.The technical scheme provided by the utility model improves the adaptability of electric shovel off-car drive system to extremely cold working condition.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to an off-road drive system adapted to extremely cold working conditions, belonging to the field of electric shovel technology. Background Technology

[0002] 1. Brief Introduction to Existing Electric Shovel Industry Undercarriage Drive System Technical Solutions

[0003] The undercarriage drive system of an electric shovel includes a travel motor and a cable system connecting the slip rings to the travel motor. Currently, there is no relatively mature technical solution specifically designed for electric shovel undercarriage drive systems operating in extremely cold conditions (-40℃). The effects of extremely cold conditions on the undercarriage asynchronous AC motor and cable system include: increased motor resistance, reduced power output, increased mechanical friction, decreased magnetic material performance, and freezing of motor grease; and embrittlement of the cable's outer insulation material, increased resistance, and reduced flexibility. As demand for electric shovels from customers in northern regions (such as Russia) gradually increases, the electric shovel market needs to increasingly consider the adaptability of electric shovel equipment to extremely cold conditions.

[0004] Currently, electric shovels on the market mainly rely on the selection of low-temperature cables and motors of appropriate specifications to add heating devices, causing the electric shovels to "face" the severe cold directly, lacking a relatively complete set of "heat preservation" protection measures.

[0005] 2. Technical problems and defects in existing technologies

[0006] 1) The undercarriage travel motor housing has a low protection rating (usually IP23) and lacks sufficient sealing. Even if a heating device is added, the heat is easily dissipated due to the extremely low external ambient temperature (-40℃ in extreme cold conditions), making it impossible to effectively maintain the internal working temperature of the motor housing. This brings great difficulties to the motor's starting, lubrication, and maintenance, and will greatly reduce the lifespan of the equipment.

[0007] 2) The undercarriage cable system extends downwards from the slip ring of the collector ring and connects to the motor junction box through relevant wiring paths. A large section of this path is exposed to the external environment without reasonable protection measures. Furthermore, the outer insulation of the cable is usually made of plastic, which does not have long-term resistance to extremely cold environments. Considering the continuous operation mechanism of the electric shovel and the large impact during operation, the exposed cable is easily cut or damaged by metal components, which may lead to short circuits or breakage, greatly reducing the safety of the entire vehicle operation.

[0008] 3) The undercarriage cable is connected to the slip ring only through DT crimp terminals. A long section of the cable is suspended (suspended length > 2M). This suspended section of cable will swing with the rotation of the equipment. Considering the weight of the power cable at this point, the long-term suspension may cause the cable to detach from the crimp terminals during the rotation of the equipment, resulting in serious problems such as power failure and phase loss in the undercarriage drive system.

[0009] 3. Analyze the reasons for the aforementioned technical problems and defects.

[0010] 1) The special extreme cold conditions that the motor may face were not fully considered. The motor was only protected by the motor casing, and no system or auxiliary insulation measures were added to maintain the internal temperature.

[0011] 2) The cable extends from the bottom of the slip ring, and the suspension section is too long; no auxiliary fixing components were designed.

[0012] 3) The cable is exposed to the outside environment for a long time and lacks reasonable auxiliary protection measures. Under extremely cold conditions, the external insulation of the cable is very easy to be damaged. Summary of the Invention

[0013] A comprehensive analysis of the impact of extreme cold conditions on the drive system of an electric shovel undercarriage reveals several issues: increased resistance, low motor power output, increased mechanical friction, aging of cable insulation, and loose connections. This invention provides a relatively complete insulation auxiliary design, encompassing environmental sensing, automatic heating control, internal insulation of the enclosure, protection of exposed cables, and fixing of suspended cables. This comprehensive approach enhances the adaptability of the electric shovel undercarriage drive system to extreme cold conditions and improves equipment reliability.

[0014] This utility model is achieved according to the following technical solution:

[0015] Firstly, this utility model provides an off-road drive system adapted to extremely cold working conditions, including a temperature monitoring and protection system, a cable protection sleeve, a sealing component, a slip ring, an off-road drive motor, and a motor drive cable electrically connecting the two. The off-road drive motor is equipped with a junction box. The temperature monitoring and protection system is used to detect the ambient temperature around the off-road drive motor, and the off-road drive motor can only be started when the detected ambient temperature reaches a preset temperature value. The cable protection sleeve is used to wrap the motor drive cable, providing heat insulation. The sealing component is arranged in the gap between the junction box body and the box cover, providing sealing and heat insulation.

[0016] In some embodiments, the temperature monitoring and protection system includes:

[0017] The controller has data processing capabilities;

[0018] A temperature sensor is installed on the lower vehicle drive motor and is electrically connected to the controller;

[0019] The motor heater is electrically connected to the controller; when the temperature sensor detects that the ambient temperature is lower than the preset temperature value, the controller turns on the motor heater; when the temperature sensor detects that the ambient temperature reaches the preset temperature value, the controller connects the power supply to the vehicle drive motor.

[0020] In some embodiments, the cable protective sheath is a multi-layer flexible tubular structure, consisting of an outermost corrosion-resistant layer, a middle wear-resistant layer, and an innermost heat-insulating layer.

[0021] In some embodiments, the sealing component is a sealing strip with an overall U-shaped structure, used to adapt to the shape of the opening end of the box; the sealing strip is provided with mounting holes with the same mounting hole spacing as the box cover and the box body, and the mounting holes are evenly distributed.

[0022] In some embodiments, a cable anti-fall clamp is installed at the bottom outlet hole of the slip ring, and the motor drive cable and cable protection sleeve pass through the cable anti-fall clamp. The suspended part of the motor drive cable and cable protection sleeve is fixed by tightening the cable anti-fall clamp.

[0023] In some embodiments, the cable anti-fall clamp is a split structure, and its internal aperture is a conical structure with a larger upper diameter and a smaller lower diameter; the internal aperture of the cable anti-fall clamp is smaller than the outer diameter of the cable protective sleeve wrapped around the motor drive cable, so that when the suspended part of the motor drive cable falls, the cable anti-fall clamp can horizontally clamp the motor drive cable and the cable protective sleeve.

[0024] In some embodiments, a plurality of cable fasteners are also included, which are mounted on the vehicle frame and / or the undercarriage drive motor to secure the motor drive cable and cable protective sleeve.

[0025] In some embodiments, the cable fastener is a split structure, comprising a base, a cover plate, and screws; the top of the base has a U-shaped groove through which the motor drive cable and cable protection sleeve pass; the cover plate is disposed at the opening of the U-shaped groove and has a through hole; the base has a threaded hole coaxial with the through hole; the screws cooperate with the through hole and the threaded hole to fix the cover plate and the base together.

[0026] In some embodiments, the junction box is provided with a connector one at the inlet hole, and the cable protection sleeve is provided with a connector two at the end. The motor drive cable passes through the inlet hole, and the connector two is sealed to the connector one, so that the junction box and the cable protection sleeve form a complete integrated sealed cavity.

[0027] Secondly, this utility model provides an electric shovel, including the aforementioned undercarriage drive system adapted to extremely cold working conditions.

[0028] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0029] The starting control of the off-road motor has been enhanced with a temperature monitoring and protection system. If the temperature is too low, the motor will not be allowed to start, which effectively avoids problems such as excessive starting torque leading to motor damage in extremely cold conditions.

[0030] The junction box on the drive motor of the vehicle has been fitted with a flexible seal, which effectively prevents internal heat loss and facilitates quick disassembly and assembly.

[0031] The motor drive cable is designed with a cable protection sleeve, which can effectively ensure the reliable laying of the cable path and the bending radius, and also play a role in heat preservation, protection and isolation.

[0032] The cable extends from the lower end of the collector ring and the suspended section is designed with cable anti-fall clamps, which can effectively maintain the cable path, provide fixation for the suspended cable, and prevent the cable from rubbing against the edge of the metal structure, thus protecting the cable.

[0033] The connection between the cable sheath and the junction box uses a sealed connector, which ensures the continuity of the wiring space inside the sheath and provides a reliable interlocking connection between the sheath and the junction box. Attached Figure Description

[0034] The accompanying drawings, as part of this utility model, are used to provide a further understanding of the present utility model. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present utility model are used to explain the present utility model, but do not constitute an undue limitation of the present utility model. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments; those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort. In the drawings:

[0035] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of a vehicle drive system adapted to extremely cold working conditions according to this utility model.

[0036] Figure 2 The three views (a is the front view, b is the side view, and c is the top view) of a vehicle drive system adapted to extremely cold working conditions according to this utility model.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the temperature monitoring and protection system of this utility model;

[0038] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of the junction box of this utility model;

[0039] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the cable protection sleeve of this utility model;

[0040] Figure 6 These are the three views and perspective view of the cable fastener of this utility model (a is the perspective view, b is the front view, c is the side view, and d is the top view);

[0041] Figure 7 The images show the front view and the A-direction view of the collector ring of this utility model (a is the front view, b is the A-direction view);

[0042] Figure 8 These are the three views and perspective view of the cable anti-fall clamp of this utility model (a is the front view, b is the side view, c is the top view, and d is the perspective view).

[0043] Attached diagram labels: 1. Slip ring; 2. Cable anti-fall clamp; 3. Motor drive cable; 4. Cable protection sleeve; 5. Cable fastener; 6. Undercarriage drive motor; 7. Sealing component; 8. Box body; 9. Box cover; 41. Corrosion resistant layer; 42. Wear resistant layer; 43. Heat insulation layer; 51. Base; 52. Cover plate; 53. Screw.

[0044] It should be noted that these accompanying drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the present invention to those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are used to illustrate this utility model, but are not intended to limit the scope of this utility model.

[0046] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "inner", and "outer" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this utility model.

[0047] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "joining" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0048] like Figure 1 , Figure 2As shown, an off-road drive system adapted to extremely cold working conditions includes a temperature monitoring and protection system, a cable anti-fall clamp 2, a cable fastener 5, a cable protection sleeve 4, a sealing component 7, a slip ring 1, an off-road drive motor 6, and a motor drive cable 3 electrically connecting the two. The off-road drive motor 6 is equipped with a junction box. The temperature monitoring and protection system detects the ambient temperature of the off-road drive motor 6, and the off-road drive motor 6 can only be started when the detected ambient temperature reaches a preset temperature value. The cable protection sleeve 4 is used to wrap the motor drive... Cable 3 serves as heat insulation; sealing component 7 is arranged in the gap between the junction box body 8 and the box cover 9, serving as a sealing and heat insulation function; cable anti-fall clamp 2 is installed at the bottom outlet hole of the collector ring 1, and the motor drive cable 3 and cable protection sleeve 4 pass through the cable anti-fall clamp 2, and the suspended part of the motor drive cable 3 and cable protection sleeve 4 is fixed by the fastening of the cable anti-fall clamp 2; multiple cable fasteners 5 are installed on the frame and / or the undercarriage drive motor 6 to fix the motor drive cable 3 and cable protection sleeve 5.

[0049] The following provides a further explanation of the specific structure of the temperature monitoring and protection system described above.

[0050] The temperature monitoring and protection system includes a controller, a temperature sensor, and a motor heater; the controller has data processing capabilities; the temperature sensor is installed on the undercarriage drive motor and is electrically connected to the controller; the motor heater is electrically connected to the controller.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, the drive motor monitors the ambient temperature in real time before starting. If the ambient temperature is too low, the motor heater is activated. The motor is only allowed to start when the ambient temperature reaches a suitable value, which effectively protects the motor and enhances the equipment's adaptability to extremely cold conditions.

[0052] The specific structure of the sealing component described above will be further explained below.

[0053] like Figure 4 As shown, the sealing component 7 uses a sealing strip made of nitrile rubber, with an overall U-shaped structure to adapt to the shape of the open end of the enclosure 8, effectively improving the sealing degree of the motor junction box and enhancing the sealing and insulation effect. At the same time, the sealing component 7 has mounting holes with the same mounting hole spacing as the enclosure cover 9 and the enclosure 8, and the mounting holes are evenly distributed to ensure the sealing performance of the junction box.

[0054] The following provides a further explanation of the specific structure of the aforementioned cable protection sleeve.

[0055] like Figure 5As shown, the cable protection sleeve 4 is a multi-layered flexible tubular structure, consisting of the following layers from the outside to the inside: an outermost corrosion-resistant layer 41, a middle wear-resistant layer 42, and an innermost heat insulation layer 43. In the attached diagram, ΦD represents the outer diameter of the cable protection sleeve, and Φd represents the inner diameter. The outermost layer is made of corrosion-resistant material and is coated and wrapped around the outside of the wear-resistant layer; in this embodiment, halogen-free plastic is used. The middle layer is a cold-resistant metal flexible tube; in this embodiment, the wall thickness is tentatively set to ≤1mm. The innermost heat insulation layer is a sleeve structure made of a material with a thermal conductivity ≤0.05W / (m·K) to facilitate cable wrapping; in this embodiment, a high-expansion glass fiber sleeve is selected.

[0056] The following provides a further explanation of the specific structure of the aforementioned cable fastener.

[0057] like Figure 6 As shown, the cable fastener 5 is made of metal and has a split structure, including a base 51, a cover plate 52, and screws 53. The top of the base 51 has a U-shaped groove through which the motor drive cable 3 and the cable protective sleeve 4 pass. The cover plate 52 is positioned at the opening of the U-shaped groove and has a through hole. The base 51 has a threaded hole coaxial with the through hole. The screws 53 engage with both the through hole and the threaded hole to fix the cover plate 52 to the base 51. The diameter of the hole in the cable fastener 5 is approximately equal to the outer diameter of the cable protective sleeve 4, i.e., ΦD1 = ΦD ± δ and L = ΦD - δ, where δ is the controllable elastic variable of the cable protective sleeve 4. This design effectively secures the cable without causing irreparable damage to the cable protective sleeve 4 due to excessive tightening torque.

[0058] The following provides a further explanation of the specific structure of the cable anti-fall clamp mentioned above.

[0059] like Figure 6 As shown, the cable anti-fall clamp 2 is made of insulating material, has a split structure, and an internal conical structure with a larger upper diameter and a smaller lower diameter. It is assembled at the bottom outlet hole of the slip ring 1. The dimensional relationships between the cable anti-fall clamp dimensions (ΦA, ΦB, ΦC), the outlet hole diameter of the slip ring (ΦM), and the outer diameter of the cable protective sleeve (ΦD) are as follows:

[0060] ΦC=ΦM+α·ΦM

[0061] ΦB=ΦM-β·ΦM

[0062] ΦA=ΦM-γ·ΦM

[0063] ΦE=ΦD-η·ΦD

[0064] ΦE represents the relationship between the cable clamp at the bottom of the collector ring and the outer diameter (ΦD) of the cable sheath held. Generally, ΦE < ΦD. η represents the clamping degree of the cable clamp. The larger η is, the smaller ΦE is.

[0065] β < γ. In this embodiment, α = 0.25, β = 0.1, γ = 0.2, and η = 0.2 are tentatively set.

[0066] This split design is easy to assemble (it consists of two curved plates joined together, with a gap of e between the two curved plates), and the cable anti-fall clamp hole diameter is slightly smaller than the outer diameter of the cable protection sleeve, which can effectively lock the cable. When the lower suspended cable falls, the conical structure inside the clamp can horizontally clamp the cable, further preventing the cable from falling and effectively protecting the cable.

[0067] A further design involves a connector one at the inlet of the junction box and a connector two at the end of the cable protection sleeve. The motor drive cable passes through the inlet, and connector two is sealed to connector one, forming a complete integrated sealed cavity between the junction box and the cable protection sleeve. This effectively reduces heat loss in the undercarriage drive system and improves the system's adaptability to extremely cold conditions.

[0068] It should be noted that connector one and connector two can be threaded connectors, i.e., connector one is a fixed external thread connector and connector two is a rotary internal thread connector; connector one and connector two can also be plug-in connectors, i.e., connector two is tightly plugged into connector one. Since there are many cable connection connectors in existing technology and they are conventional technical means, the specific structure will not be described in detail.

[0069] In summary, this utility model provides a vehicle dismount drive system adapted to extremely cold working conditions, achieving the following functions and effects:

[0070] 1. The starting control of the off-road motor has been enhanced with a temperature monitoring and protection system. If the temperature is too low, the motor will not be allowed to start, effectively avoiding problems such as excessive starting torque leading to motor damage under extremely cold conditions.

[0071] 2. The junction box on the drive motor of the vehicle has been fitted with a flexible seal, which effectively prevents internal heat loss and facilitates quick disassembly and assembly.

[0072] 3. The motor drive cable is designed with a cable protection sleeve, which can effectively ensure the reliable laying of the cable path and the bending radius, and also play a role in heat preservation, protection and isolation.

[0073] 4. The cable extends from the lower end of the slip ring and the suspended section is designed with cable anti-fall clamps, which can effectively maintain the cable path, provide fixation for the suspended cable, and prevent the cable from rubbing against the edge of the metal structure, thus protecting the cable.

[0074] 5. A sealed connector is used at the connection between the cable protection sleeve and the junction box to ensure the continuity of the wiring space inside the sleeve and to provide a reliable interlocking connection between the sleeve and the junction box.

[0075] The electric shovel provided by this utility model is described below. The electric shovel described below can be referred to in correspondence with the dismount drive system adapted to extremely cold working conditions described above.

[0076] The electric shovel provided by this utility model may include a dismount drive system adapted to extremely cold working conditions as described in any of the above embodiments.

[0077] The beneficial effects achieved by the electric shovel provided by this utility model are consistent with the beneficial effects achieved by the off-road drive system adapted to extremely cold working conditions provided by this utility model, so they will not be repeated here.

[0078] Numerous specific details are set forth in the specification provided herein. However, it will be understood that embodiments of the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and techniques have not been shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this specification.

[0079] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that although some embodiments described herein include certain features found in other embodiments but not others, combinations of features from different embodiments are also within the scope of protection of this invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the embodiments described above, those skilled in the art can use them in combination based on known technical solutions and the technical problems to be solved by this application.

[0080] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Although the present utility model has been disclosed above with reference to a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-described technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present utility model. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model without departing from the scope of the present utility model shall still fall within the scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A step-down driving system suitable for extremely cold working conditions, comprising a current collector ring, a step-down driving motor and a motor driving cable electrically connecting the two, a terminal box being arranged on the step-down driving motor; characterized in that, Also includes: A temperature monitoring and protection system is used to detect the ambient temperature around the vehicle drive motor. The vehicle drive motor can only be started when the detected ambient temperature reaches a preset temperature value. The cable protection sleeve is used to wrap the motor drive cable and provides heat insulation. The sealing component is located in the gap between the junction box body and the box cover, and serves to seal and insulate.

2. The off-highway drive system adapted for use in extremely cold conditions of claim 1, wherein, The temperature monitoring and protection system includes: The controller has data processing capabilities; A temperature sensor is installed on the lower vehicle drive motor and is electrically connected to the controller; The motor heater is electrically connected to the controller; when the temperature sensor detects that the ambient temperature is lower than the preset temperature value, the controller turns on the motor heater; when the temperature sensor detects that the ambient temperature reaches the preset temperature value, the controller connects the power supply to the vehicle drive motor.

3. The vehicle drive system adapted to extremely cold conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cable protection sleeve is a multi-layer flexible tubular structure, consisting of an outermost corrosion-resistant layer, a middle wear-resistant layer, and an innermost heat insulation layer.

4. The vehicle drive system adapted to extremely cold conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing component is a sealing strip with an overall U-shaped structure, used to adapt to the shape of the opening end of the box; the sealing strip has mounting holes with the same mounting hole spacing as the box cover and the box body, and the mounting holes are evenly distributed.

5. The vehicle drive system adapted to extremely cold conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom outlet hole of the slip ring is equipped with a cable anti-fall clamp. The motor drive cable and cable protection sleeve pass through the cable anti-fall clamp, and the suspended part of the motor drive cable and cable protection sleeve is fixed by tightening the cable anti-fall clamp.

6. The vehicle dismount drive system adapted to extremely cold working conditions according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cable anti-fall clamp is a split structure, and its internal hole has a tapered structure with a larger diameter at the top and a smaller diameter at the bottom. The inner diameter of the cable anti-fall clamp is smaller than the outer diameter of the cable protective sleeve wrapped around the motor drive cable. When the suspended part of the motor drive cable falls, the cable anti-fall clamp can horizontally clamp the motor drive cable and the cable protective sleeve.

7. The vehicle drive system adapted to extremely cold conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes multiple cable fasteners, which are installed on the vehicle frame and / or the undercarriage drive motor to secure the motor drive cable and cable protective sleeve.

8. The vehicle dismount drive system adapted to extremely cold working conditions according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cable fastener is a split structure, comprising a base, a cover plate, and screws. The top of the base has a U-shaped groove through which the motor drive cable and cable protection sleeve pass. The cover plate is located at the opening of the U-shaped groove and has a through hole. The base has a threaded hole coaxial with the through hole. The screws engage with the through hole and the threaded hole to fix the cover plate and the base together.

9. A vehicle dismount drive system adapted to extremely cold conditions according to claim 1, characterized in that: The junction box has a connector one at the inlet hole, and the cable protection sleeve has a connector two at the end. The motor drive cable passes through the inlet hole, and the connector two is sealed to the connector one, so that the junction box and the cable protection sleeve form a complete integrated sealed cavity.

10. An electric shovel, characterized in that: Including the vehicle drive system adapted to extremely cold working conditions as described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

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