A vertical lathe fixture for processing special-shaped parts

Abstract

The utility model discloses a vertical lathe clamp for processing special-shaped parts, which is composed of a fixing plate, a bottom plate, a positioning pin one, a rhombic pin one, a positioning pin two, a rhombic pin two, a pressing plate, a stud, a shoulder nut, a screw and other parts. The parts are easy to assemble and disassemble, which is beneficial to maintenance and replacement. When in use, the parts are installed on the fixing plate, positioned by two pins on one side, and after the machining of the outer circle of the right end shaft is completed, the fixing plate and the parts are rotated by 180 degrees and then fixed on the bottom plate for machining the outer circle of the left end. The tooling is made into a combined type, which reduces the manufacturing and maintenance costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machining technology, and in particular to a vertical lathe fixture for machining irregularly shaped parts on a CNC vertical lathe. Background Technology

[0002] See part mounting shaft Figure 12 / 13 is an irregularly shaped part with two parallel shafts. The outer diameters and annular grooves of both shafts need to be machined to ensure dimensional and geometric tolerances. The geometric tolerances for the two shafts are high: cylindricity 0.01 and centerline parallelism 0.02. If a combination fixture is used for two-stage machining, cylindricity can be guaranteed, but parallelism cannot. Using CNC milling to machine the outer diameters and chamfered surfaces of the annular grooves not only fails to guarantee surface finish but is also extremely inefficient. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a set of high-precision CNC vertical lathe fixtures that can machine two outer diameters of a part by changing the position of the fixed plate in one operation. This fixtures can ensure the machining accuracy of the part while being convenient for the operator and improving work efficiency.

[0004] A vertical lathe fixture for machining irregularly shaped parts is provided. The fixture consists of a fixed plate, a base plate, a locating pin 1, a rhombus pin 1, a locating pin 2, a rhombus pin 2, a pressure plate, studs, shoulder nuts, screws, and other parts. The parts are easy to assemble and disassemble, and are convenient for maintenance and replacement.

[0005] A vertical lathe fixture for machining irregularly shaped parts comprises a fixed plate positioned above a base plate and connected by a locating pin at the center and a diamond-shaped pin on the horizontal axis. The four corners of the fixed plate are fixed to the base plate by hexagonal screws. The fixed plate has a center hole, and two pin holes are symmetrically arranged along the axis centered on the center hole. The fixed plate has a protrusion perpendicular to the base plate. The base plate has a center hole, and two pin holes are symmetrically arranged along the horizontal axis centered on the center hole. The center hole and the center hole are connected to the locating pin, and the pin holes are connected to the diamond-shaped pin. One side of the part to be machined is fixed to the protrusion near the center by the locating pin and the diamond-shaped pin, and the other side is connected to the pressure plate and fixed to the protrusion by a shoulder nut and a stud. The bottom of the base plate is fixed to the machine tool faceplate by hexagonal screws, keyways, and screws. The parts and the fixing plate, as well as the fixing plate and the base plate, all use a one-sided, two-pin positioning method, limiting six degrees of freedom and ensuring high positioning accuracy. The base plate is connected and fixed to the machine tool faceplate via keyways and screws. Standard parts mainly utilize components from the modular fixture station; therefore, the positioning and connection dimensions of the tooling need to be designed according to the specifications of the modular fixture components. To ensure the parallelism of the two axes of the machined part, after the part and the fixing plate are positioned and clamped, both outer diameters must be machined before disassembly.

[0006] One end of the pressure plate has a through hole one, and the other end has an arched groove. The fixing plate has a pair of through holes two. The shoulder nut and the stud are provided in a pair. One stud passes through the shoulder nut, through hole one and through hole two in sequence, and the other stud passes through the shoulder nut, the arched groove and another through hole two in sequence to fix the part to be processed on the fixing plate.

[0007] The protrusion has a groove on the side near the center hole one, and also has a T-shaped hole one that cooperates with the positioning pin two, and a T-shaped hole two that cooperates with the diamond pin two. The four corners of the fixing plate have screw holes one, and the bottom plate has screw holes two that cooperate with the internal hex screw one for connection.

[0008] The bottom of the base plate has three T-shaped holes that mate with two internal hexagonal screws, and three through holes that mate with screws.

[0009] The pressure plate has a slot at the top to prevent the cutting tool from cutting the pressure plate during machining, and a slot at the bottom, which is mainly used to avoid the shape of the part.

[0010] Therefore, the two pin holes on the fixed plate are symmetrical to the center hole. First, insert the diamond pin into the right pin hole to complete the machining of the right end outer circle. Then, loosen the connection between the fixed plate and the base plate and let the part and the fixed plate rotate 180° together around the positioning pin of the center hole. Then, insert the diamond pin into the pin hole on the left side of the fixed plate and fix it with screws to complete the left end outer circle. Only then can the parallelism requirement be guaranteed.

[0011] The locating pins and diamond pins of this tooling part need to be wear-resistant, so alloy tool steel GCr15, CrWMn, HRC50 or higher is selected. The remaining fixing plate, base plate, and pressure plate are structural components, so 45# and 40Cr structural steel, around HRC40, are selected. When machining the base plate, a 12mm keyway machining accuracy must be ensured; this is the reference for ensuring the base plate is mounted on the machine tool. The distance between the locating holes on the base plate and fixing plate is taken as 1 / 5 according to the fixture design principle to ensure the installation position of the parts and tooling. The accuracy of the locating holes D and D1 on the part is increased to H7, and the locating plane is machined to Ra1.6. The base plate connects to the machine's faceplate, so the keyway on the base plate is designed and machined according to the keyway dimensions of the faceplate, serving as the reference for tooling positioning.

[0012] Through small-batch processing verification, the precision of the parts processed by the lathe fully meets the design requirements.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: The parts and fixing plate of this utility model are positioned using two pins on one side, restricting six degrees of freedom, thus improving the positioning accuracy of the parts. The lathe fixture adopts a modular design, making machining, assembly, and maintenance very convenient. The specially designed lathe fixture is easy to operate, ensures that the machined parts meet the required dimensions, and is more efficient than CNC milling. Attached Figure Description

[0014] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments conforming to the present invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without any inventive effort. In the drawings:

[0015] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical lathe fixture for machining irregularly shaped parts provided by this utility model, in which the parts to be machined are assembled.

[0016] Figure 2 for Figure 1 AA-direction cross section;

[0017] Figure 3 for Figure 1 BB-direction cross-section;

[0018] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing plate provided by this utility model;

[0019] Figure 5 for Figure 4 Cross-sectional view along the CC direction;

[0020] Figure 6 for Figure 4 DD-direction cross-section;

[0021] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the structure of the base plate provided by this utility model;

[0022] Figure 8 for Figure 7 EE direction cross-section;

[0023] Figure 9 for Figure 7 FF direction cross-section;

[0024] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the structure of the pressure plate provided by this utility model;

[0025] Figure 11 for Figure 1 An assembly drawing showing the machining of another shaft after the workpiece is rotated 180°.

[0026] Figure 12 A 3D view of the part to be processed;

[0027] Figure 13 Here is a structural diagram of the part to be processed;

[0028] In the attached diagram: 1-Fixing plate, 101-Center hole one, 102-Pin hole one, 103-Protrusion, 104-Through hole two, 105-T-hole one, 106-Groove, 107-Screw hole one, 108-T-hole two.

[0029] Base plate, 201-Center hole two, 202-Pin hole two, 203-Screw hole two, 204-T-hole three

[0030] Positioning pin 1, 4-Diamond pin 1, 5-Positioning pin 2, 6-Diamond pin 2

[0031] Pressure plate, 701-Through hole one, 702-Arch groove, 703-Empty tool groove, 704-Slot

[0032] Shoulder nut, 9-stud, 10-II hexagonal screw, 11-I hexagonal screw, 12-keyway, 13-screw, 14-part to be processed. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Exemplary embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, these exemplary embodiments can be implemented in many forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more comprehensive and complete, and to fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art.

[0034] Please see Figure 1-3 The figure shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical lathe fixture for machining irregularly shaped parts provided by this utility model, in which the parts to be machined are assembled. Figure 4-6 The structural diagram of the fixing plate of this utility model is shown. Figure 7-9 The diagram shows the structure of the base plate of this utility model. Figure 10The structural diagram of the pressure plate provided by this utility model includes a fixing plate 1, a base plate 2, and a pressure plate 7. The fixing plate 1 is placed above the base plate 2 and connected by a positioning pin 3 located at the center and a diamond-shaped pin 4 located on the horizontal axis. The four corners of the fixing plate 1 are fixed to the base plate 2 by hexagonal screws 11. The fixing plate 1 has a center hole 101 at its center, and two pin holes 102 are symmetrically arranged along the axis with the center hole 101 as the center. The fixing plate 1 also has a protrusion 103 perpendicular to the base plate 2 and pointing upwards. The base plate 2 has a center hole 201 at its center, and two pin holes 102 are symmetrically arranged along the horizontal axis with the center hole 201 as the center. It is said that there are two pin holes 202. The center hole 101 and the center hole 201 are connected to the positioning pin 3. The pin hole 102 and the pin hole 202 are connected to the diamond pin 4. One side of the part to be processed 14 is fixed to the center side of the protrusion 103 by the positioning pin 5 and the diamond pin 6. The other side is connected to the pressure plate 7 and fixed to the protrusion 103 by the shoulder nut 8 and the stud 9. The bottom of the base plate 2 is fixed to the machine tool faceplate by the hexagonal screw 10, the keyway 12 and the screw 13. Therefore, the keyway 12 is designed and processed according to the keyway size of the faceplate and is the reference for tooling positioning.

[0035] The pressure plate 7 has a through hole 701 at one end and an arched groove 702 at the other end. The fixing plate 1 has a pair of through holes 104. The shoulder nut 8 and the stud 9 are fitted together in a pair. One stud 9 passes through the shoulder nut 8, through hole 701, and through hole 104 in sequence, and the other stud 9 passes through the shoulder nut 8, arched groove 702, and another through hole 104 in sequence to fix the part to be processed 14 onto the fixing plate 1. The protrusion 103 has a groove 106 on the side near the center hole 101, and also has a T-hole 105 that mates with the positioning pin 5, and a T-hole 108 that mates with the diamond pin 6. The fixing plate 1 has screw holes 107 at its four corners, and the base plate 2 has screw holes 203 that mate with hexagonal screws 11. The bottom of the base plate 2 has a T-hole 204 that mates with hexagonal screws 10, and a through hole 205 that mates with screw 13. The pressure plate 7 has a hollow groove 703 at the top to prevent the cutting tool from cutting the pressure plate during machining, and a slot 704 at the bottom mainly to avoid the shape of the part.

[0036] During processing, the workpiece 14 to be processed and the fixed plate 1, and the fixed plate 1 and the base plate 2 are all positioned by one side and two pins, which limits 6 degrees of freedom and has high positioning accuracy. The base plate 2 is connected and fixed to the machine tool faceplate by keyway 12 and screw 13.

[0037] The locating pins and diamond pins in this fixture need to be wear-resistant, so alloy tool steel GCr15, CrWMn, HRC50 or higher is selected. The remaining fixing plates, base plates, and pressure plates are structural components, so 45# and 40Cr structural steel, around HRC40, are selected. When machining base plate 2, the keyway machining accuracy must be ensured, as this is the reference for ensuring the base plate is mounted on the machine tool. The distance between the locating holes on the base plate and fixing plates is taken as 1 / 5 according to the fixture design principle to ensure the installation position of the parts and fixture. The accuracy of center hole 101 and center hole 201, used for locating, is increased to H7, and the planes of the fixing plate, base plate, and pressure plate are machined to Ra1.6.

[0038] First, align the two pin holes on the fixing plate with the center hole. Then, insert the diamond pin into the right pin hole and complete the machining of the right outer circle. Loosen the connection between the fixing plate and the base plate and rotate the part and the fixing plate together 180° around the positioning pin of the center hole. Then, insert the diamond pin into the pin hole on the left side of the fixing plate and fix it with screws to complete the left outer circle. Only then can the parallelism requirement be guaranteed.

[0039] like Figure 1 and Figure 11 As shown, firstly, the fixed plate 1 and the base plate 2 are positioned by locating pin 3, and then fixedly connected together by diamond pin 4 with right end pin hole 102 and pin hole 202. The four corners of the fixed plate 1 are fixed to the base plate 2 by hexagonal screws 11. The base plate 2 is fixed to the machine tool faceplate by hexagonal screws 10, keyway 12, and screw 13 at the bottom. The part to be processed 14 is positioned and fixed on the fixed plate 1 by locating pin 5 and diamond pin 6, and then fixed by pressure plate 7, shoulder nut 8, and stud 9. The two axis centers of the part to be processed 14 are symmetrical with respect to locating pin 3. After machining the outer diameter of the right side of the workpiece 14, loosen the connecting screws between the fixing plate 1 and the base plate 2, and pull out the diamond pin 4. Rotate the workpiece 14 and the fixing plate 1 together by 180°, insert the positioning pin 3 into the base plate 2, and then fix the diamond pin 4 together with the left end pin hole 102 and pin hole 202. Then fix it on the base plate 2 with the hexagonal screw 11, and then complete the machining of the outer diameter of the left end of the shaft.

[0040] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions made by those skilled in the art to the technical solution of this utility model, as long as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model, are all covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A vertical lathe fixture for machining irregularly shaped parts, characterized in that: The plate includes a fixing plate (1), a base plate (2), and a pressure plate (7). The fixing plate (1) is placed above the base plate (2) and connected by a positioning pin (3) located at the center and a diamond pin (4) located on the horizontal axis. The four corners of the fixing plate (1) are fixed to the base plate (2) by hexagonal screws (11). The fixing plate (1) has a center hole (101) at its center, and two pin holes (102) are symmetrically arranged along the axis with the center hole (101) as the center. The fixing plate (1) has a protrusion (103) perpendicular to the base plate (2) and pointing upwards. The base plate (2) has a center hole (201) at its center, and two pin holes (102) are symmetrically arranged along the axis with the center hole (201) as the center. Two pin holes (202) are provided symmetrically along the horizontal axis. The center hole (101) and the center hole (201) are connected to the positioning pin (3). The pin holes (102) and the pin holes (202) are connected to the rhombus pin (4). One side of the part to be processed (14) is fixed to the protrusion (103) near the center by the positioning pin (5) and the rhombus pin (6). The other side is connected to the pressure plate (7) and fixed to the protrusion (103) by the shoulder nut (8) and the stud (9). The bottom of the base plate (2) is fixed to the machine tool faceplate by the internal hexagonal screw (10), the keyway (12) and the screw (13).

2. The vertical lathe fixture for machining irregularly shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure plate (7) has a through hole (701) at one end and an arched groove (702) at the other end. The fixing plate (1) has a pair of through holes (104). The shoulder nut (8) and stud (9) are provided in a pair. One stud (9) passes through the shoulder nut (8), through hole (701) and through hole (104) in sequence. The other stud (9) passes through the shoulder nut (8), arched groove (702) and another through hole (104) in sequence to fix the workpiece (14) to be processed on the fixing plate (1).

3. The vertical lathe fixture for machining irregularly shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protrusion (103) has a groove (106) on the side near the central hole (101), and also has a T-shaped hole (105) that cooperates with the positioning pin (5), and a T-shaped hole (108) that cooperates with the diamond pin (6).

4. The vertical lathe fixture for machining irregularly shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing plate (1) has screw holes 1 (107) at its four corners and the base plate (2) has screw holes 2 (203) which are connected to the internal hexagonal screws 1 (11). Screw holes 1 (107) and screw holes 2 (203) are symmetrical to the center hole 1 (101).

5. The vertical lathe fixture for machining irregularly shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the base plate (2) is provided with a T-shaped hole three (204) to cooperate with a hexagonal screw two (10), and a through hole three (205) to cooperate with a screw (13).

6. The vertical lathe fixture for machining irregularly shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure plate (7) has a hollow knife groove (703) at the top and a card slot (704) at the bottom.

7. The vertical lathe fixture for machining irregularly shaped parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning pin 1 (3), rhombus pin 1 (4), positioning pin 2 (5) and rhombus pin 2 (6) are made of alloy tool steel, and the fixing plate (1), bottom plate (2) and pressure plate (7) are made of alloy structural steel.

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