An outlet structure of a dike culvert

Abstract

The utility model relates to embankment pipe installation technical field discloses a kind of embankment pipe outlet structures, it includes embankment pipeline, outlet elbow pipe, outlet abutment and anti-scouring component;Embankment pipeline is set to the inside of embankment retaining wall, and the axis of embankment pipeline is along horizontal direction and penetrates embankment retaining wall;One end of outlet elbow pipe is connected with embankment pipeline, the other end of outlet elbow pipe is curved to the downstream direction of river channel for discharging accumulated water to river channel, and gap is provided between outlet elbow pipe and embankment retaining wall;Outlet abutment is cast and fixed to the outside of the bending position of outlet elbow pipe, and the bending part of outlet elbow pipe is circular arc shape, and outlet abutment is used to suppress outlet elbow pipe vibration;Anti-scouring component is set to the outside of outlet elbow pipe terminal, and anti-scouring component is used to dissipate energy and prevent scouring.The utility model is designed by outlet elbow pipe and outlet abutment, effectively reduce the impact of outlet elbow pipe effluent on river channel original water flow system, ensure the stability of river channel original water flow system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of culvert installation technology, and in particular to an outlet structure for a culvert that penetrates a dike. Background Technology

[0002] A culvert is a tubular structure used in engineering fields such as water conservancy, transportation, and construction. It is mainly used to transport water, drain water, and pass through obstacles. The main function of a culvert is to guide water or fluid through obstacles while maintaining the stability and durability of the structure. In water conservancy projects, culverts are often used for drainage, irrigation, and flood control.

[0003] Currently, traditional culvert outlet structures, when discharging water into rivers, have their outlets designed perpendicular to the riverbed. This causes the water accumulated in the outlet to flow vertically into the river. This design has the following drawbacks: When water is discharged vertically into the river, it strongly disrupts the original flow pattern of the river. The river originally has a relatively stable flow direction and velocity distribution, but the vertically flowing water breaks this balance, causing the river flow to become turbulent and disordered. This turbulent flow not only affects the living environment of aquatic organisms in the river but also impacts the banks of the river. The pipeline has caused some impact on the ecological environment. Since the pipeline outlet is directly located on the water-facing side of the embankment, the water inside the pipeline flows out of the embankment without any obstruction. Under the long-term scouring action of the water flow, the surface of the embankment will inevitably be eroded to a certain extent. Over time, obvious watermarks will gradually be left on the embankment below the pipeline. These watermarks not only damage the overall aesthetics of the embankment, giving people a dilapidated and unclean visual impression, but more importantly, they may also be an external indication that the internal structure of the embankment is being eroded by the water flow. Utility Model Content

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is that the outlet of the traditional culvert is designed to be perpendicular to the river channel, which easily disrupts the original water flow of the river and leaves watermarks on the water-facing side of the embankment retaining wall, causing the internal structure of the embankment to be eroded by the water flow.

[0005] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this utility model provides a culvert outlet structure, comprising a culvert pipe, an outlet bend, an outlet pier, and an anti-scour component. The culvert pipe is located inside the embankment retaining wall, and its axis runs horizontally through the retaining wall. One end of the outlet bend is connected to the culvert pipe, and the other end bends downstream to discharge accumulated water into the river. A gap is provided between the outlet bend and the retaining wall. The outlet pier is cast and fixed to the outside of the bend of the outlet bend, and the bend of the outlet bend is arc-shaped. The outlet pier is used to suppress vibration of the outlet bend. The anti-scour component is located on the outside of the end of the outlet bend and is used for energy dissipation and scour prevention.

[0006] In one embodiment, the outlet bend includes an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is located at one end of the outlet bend near the embankment pipe, and the outlet is located at one end of the outlet bend near the river channel. The outlet is located below the inlet, and the outer diameter of the outlet is larger than the outer diameter of the inlet.

[0007] In one embodiment, the outlet bend further includes an outlet flap valve, which is located outside the outlet. One end of the outlet flap valve is hinged to the outlet bend, and the outer diameter of the outlet flap valve is larger than the outer diameter of the outlet. The outlet flap valve is used to prevent river water from flowing back into the outlet bend.

[0008] In one embodiment, the outlet flap gate is circular and made of stainless steel.

[0009] In one embodiment, the outlet dam is positioned above the erosion control component, the outlet dam is connected to the embankment retaining wall, and the foundation depth of the outlet dam is consistent with that of the embankment retaining wall, with the foundation depth being 1.2m along the vertical direction.

[0010] In one embodiment, the vertical length of the outlet pier is greater than its horizontal length, the outlet pier is a rectangular parallelepiped structure, and the material of the outlet pier is concrete.

[0011] In one embodiment, the anti-scouring component is installed below the outlet pier and around the outer periphery of the outlet bend. Water flowing inside the outlet bend passes through the anti-scouring component and enters the river channel.

[0012] In one embodiment, the anti-scour component includes a riprap layer disposed at the bottom of the outlet bend, through which water flows into the river channel, and the riprap layer is used to reduce the impact force of the water flow.

[0013] Furthermore, the anti-impact component includes a gabion mattress, which is located at the bottom of the outlet bend. The gabion mattress is filled with stones and is made of metal. The gabion mattress is used for consumable protection.

[0014] In one embodiment, the axis of the through-dike pipe and the axis of the outlet bend are arranged perpendicularly.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the outlet structure of the culvert through the dike in this embodiment of the utility model are as follows: the arc design of the bend of the outlet bend allows for a smooth transition of water flow between the dike-penetrating pipe and the interior of the outlet bend, reducing the outlet flow velocity drop when the water enters the river channel and significantly reducing the scouring force on the riverbed; the outlet retaining pier is cast and fixed on the outside of the bend of the outlet bend, forming a rigid constraint, reducing the vibration amplitude of the outlet bend when the water flows through it, avoiding pipe fatigue cracking, and extending the service life of the outlet bend; the design of the outlet retaining pier creates a gap between the outlet bend and the dike retaining wall, preventing watermarks from being left on the water-facing side of the dike retaining wall, thus preventing water erosion of the internal structure of the dike; the anti-scouring component is set on the outside of the end of the outlet bend, which performs energy dissipation on the water flowing out of the outlet bend, effectively reducing the impact of the water flowing out of the outlet bend on the original water flow system of the river channel, and ensuring the stability of the original water flow system of the river channel. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the outlet structure of the culvert through the dike according to an embodiment of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the outlet structure of the culvert through the dike according to an embodiment of this utility model.

[0018] In the diagram, 10. Pipeline crossing the embankment;

[0019] 20. Outlet elbow; 21. Inlet; 22. Outlet; 23. Outlet flap valve;

[0020] 30. Export Town Dun;

[0021] 40. Shock-resistant components; 41. Riprap layer;

[0022] 50. Dikes and retaining walls. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are used to illustrate this utility model, but are not intended to limit its scope.

[0024] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that when an element is referred to as "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on or indirectly on the other element. When an element is referred to as "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to or indirectly connected to the other element. The terms "mounted," "connected," and "attached" should be interpreted broadly, for example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two elements or the interaction between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0025] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "height," "upper," "lower," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer" used to indicate the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0026] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.

[0027] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the present invention preferably provides an outlet structure for a culvert through a dike, which includes a through pipe 10, an outlet bend 20, an outlet retaining pier 30, and an anti-scour component 40. The through pipe 10 is disposed inside the dike retaining wall 50, and the axis of the through pipe 10 passes through the dike retaining wall 50 in a horizontal direction. One end of the outlet bend 20 is connected to the through pipe 10, and the other end of the outlet bend 20 bends towards the downstream direction of the river channel to discharge accumulated water into the river channel, and a gap is provided between the outlet bend 20 and the dike retaining wall 50. The outlet retaining pier 30 is cast and fixed on the outside of the bend of the outlet bend 20, and the bend of the outlet bend 20 is arc-shaped. The outlet retaining pier 30 is used to suppress the vibration of the outlet bend 20. The anti-scour component 40 is disposed on the outside of the end of the outlet bend 20 and is used for energy dissipation and anti-scour.

[0028] Based on the above technical features, this utility model embodiment uses the arc design of the bend in the outlet bend 20 to ensure a smooth transition of water flow between the through-dike pipe 10 and the outlet bend 20, reducing the outlet flow velocity drop when the water enters the river channel and significantly reducing the scouring force on the riverbed. By casting and fixing the outlet retainer 30 to the outside of the bend in the outlet bend 20, a rigid constraint is formed, reducing the vibration amplitude of the outlet bend 20 when the water flows through it, avoiding pipe fatigue cracking, and extending the service life of the outlet bend 20. The design of the outlet retainer 30 creates a gap between the outlet bend 20 and the embankment retaining wall 50, preventing watermarks from being left on the water-facing side of the embankment retaining wall 50, thus preventing water erosion of the internal structure of the embankment. By setting the anti-scouring component 40 on the outside of the end of the outlet bend 20, the anti-scouring component 40 performs energy dissipation on the water flowing out of the outlet bend 20, effectively reducing the impact of the water flowing out of the outlet bend 20 on the original water flow system of the river channel and ensuring the stability of the original water flow system of the river channel.

[0029] As some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, the outlet bend 20 includes an inlet 21 and an outlet 22. The inlet 21 is located at the end of the outlet bend 20 near the embankment pipe 10, and the outlet 22 is located at the end of the outlet bend 20 near the river channel. The outlet 22 is located below the inlet 21, and the outer diameter of the outlet 22 is larger than that of the inlet 21. The larger outer diameter of the outlet 22 forms a gradually expanding flow channel, causing the water flow to diffuse laterally at the outlet, reducing the flow velocity. According to the principles of fluid mechanics, the expansion of the flow channel leads to an increase in the cross-sectional area of ​​the water flow, and the flow velocity decreases accordingly. The outlet 22 is positioned lower than the inlet 21, utilizing gravitational potential energy to drive the water flow to naturally flow downwards, avoiding energy accumulation. At the same time, when the water flows inside the bend, some potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, which is further dissipated through diffusion at the outlet, significantly reducing the scouring force of the water flow on the river channel.

[0030] As some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the outlet bend 20 also includes an outlet flap valve 23, which covers the outside of the outlet 22. One end of the outlet flap valve 23 is hinged to the outlet bend 20. The outer diameter of the outlet flap valve 23 is larger than that of the outlet 22. The outlet flap valve 23 is used to prevent river water from flowing back into the outlet bend 20. The outer diameter of the outlet flap valve 23 is larger than that of the outlet 22, forming an interference fit. When the flap valve is closed, its edge is completely flush with the wall of the outlet 22, effectively blocking the backflow of river water. The flap valve is connected to the bend via a hinge. When drainage occurs, the impact force of the water flow automatically pushes the flap valve open; when drainage stops, the flap valve closes quickly under its own weight and the pressure of the backflowing water. This design avoids the complexity of traditional gates that require manual or electric control.

[0031] As some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 2 As shown, the outlet flap gate 23 is circular and made of stainless steel. The circular flap gate perfectly fits the wall of the circular outlet 22, forming a continuous and smooth flow channel, reducing water separation and eddy current generation. Advantages of stainless steel: Flap gates made of 304 or 316L stainless steel have extremely high corrosion resistance to chlorides, sulfides, and organic acids in water. In saline water or industrially polluted water bodies, stainless steel flap gates can have a service life of over ten years without the need for periodic anti-corrosion coating.

[0032] As some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the outlet dam 30 is positioned above the scour protection component 40. The outlet dam 30 is connected to the retaining wall 50, and the foundation depth of the outlet dam 30 is the same as that of the retaining wall 50, with a vertical length of 1.2m. The connection between the outlet dam 30 and the retaining wall 50, with a consistent foundation depth of 1.2m, forms an integrated "dam-retaining wall-foundation" structure. When the water flow impacts the scour protection component 40, the load can be directly transferred to the retaining wall and foundation through the outlet dam 30, avoiding stress concentration caused by the separation of the dam and retaining wall in traditional designs. The outlet dam 30, located above the scour protection component 40, forms a composite protection system of "upper dam-lower scour protection." When the water flow impacts the scour protection component 40, the weight and stiffness of the outlet dam 30 can further disperse the water flow energy, reducing localized scouring of the scour protection component 40.

[0033] As some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, the vertical length of the outlet retaining wall 30 is greater than its horizontal length. The outlet retaining wall 30 is a rectangular parallelepiped structure made of concrete. The large mass of the rectangular concrete outlet retaining wall 30, combined with its rigid connection to the retaining wall, forms a "mass-spring-damping" system. When vibrations occur due to excitation from the foundation soil or water flow, the mass of the outlet retaining wall 30 absorbs the vibration energy, and the damping characteristics of the soil further dissipate the energy. This design reduces the natural frequency of the bend, avoiding the risk of resonance.

[0034] As some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the scour protection component 40 is installed below the outlet retainer 30 and around the outer periphery of the outlet bend 20. Water flowing inside the outlet bend 20 passes through the scour protection component 40 and enters the river channel. The scour protection component 40 wraps around the outer periphery of the outlet bend 20, forming a gradually changing flow channel from the outlet bend 20 to the scour protection component 40 and then to the river channel. After exiting the bend, the water flows through the stepped drop, fish-scale pit, or Reno mattress structures of the scour protection component 40, gradually dissipating its energy and significantly reducing the scouring force on the riverbed. Simultaneously, the scour protection component 40 wraps around the outer periphery of the outlet bend 20 to provide additional restraint and protection, reducing the direct impact of the water flow on the outlet bend 20.

[0035] As some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figures 1 to 2 As shown, the anti-scouring component 40 includes a riprap layer 41, which is arranged at the bottom of the outlet bend 20. Water flowing inside the outlet bend 20 enters the river channel through the riprap layer 41, which reduces the impact force of the water flow. When the water flows through the riprap layer 41, it is divided into multiple streams by the gaps between the stones, resulting in frequent changes in flow velocity and direction. This generates intense friction, collisions, and vortices, converting the kinetic energy of the water into heat energy or other forms of energy, significantly reducing the flow velocity. The impact force of the water flow at the bend outlet is mainly concentrated in the bottom area. The riprap layer 41 is precisely positioned at this location to specifically dissipate energy, preventing river channel erosion or bank instability caused by "local over-scouring."

[0036] Furthermore, the anti-collision component 40 includes a gabion mattress, which is located at the bottom of the outlet bend 20. The gabion mattress is filled with stones and is made of metal. The gabion mattress is used for consumable protection. When water flows through the gabion mattress, it is divided into multiple streams by the mattress's pores, resulting in frequent changes in flow velocity and direction. This generates intense friction, collisions, and eddies, converting the water's kinetic energy into heat energy or other forms of energy, significantly reducing the flow velocity.

[0037] As some embodiments of this utility model, such as Figure 1 As shown, the axis of the through-dike pipe 10 and the axis of the outlet bend 20 are set perpendicularly. During the vertical bend, the water flow naturally dissipates energy due to the change in direction and vortex effect, which can replace or reduce the use of traditional energy dissipation facilities, simplify the engineering structure, and reduce material and construction costs. The vertical arrangement generates a strong lateral circulation of water flow during the bend, promoting the dispersion and suspension of sediment particles, preventing sediment from depositing at the bottom of the pipe or at the bend, and reducing the need for manual dredging.

[0038] In summary, the present invention provides a culvert outlet structure with the following advantages compared to existing technologies: The arc-shaped design of the bend in the outlet bend 20 ensures a smooth transition of water flow between the culvert pipe 10 and the outlet bend 20, reducing the outlet velocity drop and significantly decreasing the scouring force on the riverbed; the outlet retainer 30 is cast and fixed to the outside of the bend in the outlet bend 20, forming a rigid constraint and reducing the vibration amplitude of the outlet bend 20 when water flows through it, thus preventing pipe fatigue. To prevent cracking and extend the service life of the outlet bend 20, the design of the outlet retaining wall 30 creates a gap between the outlet bend 20 and the embankment retaining wall 50, preventing watermarks from being left on the water-facing side of the embankment retaining wall 50, thus avoiding erosion of the internal structure of the embankment. The anti-scour component 40 is installed on the outer side of the end of the outlet bend 20. The anti-scour component 40 performs energy dissipation on the water flowing out of the outlet bend 20, effectively reducing the impact of the water flowing out of the outlet bend 20 on the original water flow system of the river, and ensuring the stability of the original water flow system of the river.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and substitutions can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present utility model, and these improvements and substitutions should also be considered within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A culvert outlet structure for a levee, which is connected to a retaining wall (50), characterized in that, include: Pipeline through the dike (10), outlet bend (20), outlet retaining wall (30), and anti-scour components (40); The embankment-penetrating pipe (10) is located inside the embankment retaining wall (50), and the axis of the embankment-penetrating pipe (10) passes through the embankment retaining wall (50) in a horizontal direction; One end of the outlet bend (20) is connected to the embankment pipe (10), and the other end of the outlet bend (20) bends toward the river channel to discharge accumulated water into the river channel. A gap is provided between the outlet bend (20) and the embankment retaining wall (50). The outlet anchor (30) is cast and fixed on the outside of the bend of the outlet bend (20), and the bend of the outlet bend (20) is in the shape of an arc. The outlet anchor (30) is used to suppress the vibration of the outlet bend (20). The anti-impact component (40) is disposed on the outer side of the end of the outlet bend (20), and the anti-impact component (40) is used for energy dissipation and anti-impact.

2. The outlet structure of the culvert through the dike according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outlet bend (20) includes an inlet (21) and an outlet (22). The inlet (21) is located at one end of the outlet bend (20) near the embankment pipe (10), and the outlet (22) is located at one end of the outlet bend (20) near the river channel. The outlet (22) is located below the inlet (21), and the outer diameter of the outlet (22) is larger than the outer diameter of the inlet (21).

3. The outlet structure of the culvert through the dike according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outlet bend (20) also includes an outlet flap valve (23), which covers the outside of the outlet (22). One end of the outlet flap valve (23) is hinged to the outlet bend (20). The outer diameter of the outlet flap valve (23) is larger than the outer diameter of the outlet (22). The outlet flap valve (23) is used to prevent river water from flowing back into the outlet bend (20).

4. The outlet structure of the culvert through the dike according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outlet flap gate (23) is circular and is made of stainless steel.

5. The outlet structure of the culvert through the dike according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outlet dam (30) is located above the anti-scour component (40). The outlet dam (30) is connected to the embankment retaining wall (50), and the foundation depth of the outlet dam (30) is the same as that of the embankment retaining wall (50). The foundation depth is 1.2m in length along the vertical direction.

6. The outlet structure of the culvert through the dike according to claim 5, characterized in that, The length of the outlet pier (30) in the vertical direction is greater than its length in the horizontal direction. The outlet pier (30) is a cuboid structure and is made of concrete.

7. The outlet structure of the culvert through the dike according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-scouring component (40) is wrapped around the bottom of the outlet pier (30) and around the outer periphery of the outlet bend (20). The water inside the outlet bend (20) flows through the anti-scouring component (40) and enters the river channel.

8. The outlet structure of the culvert through the dike according to claim 1, characterized in that, The anti-scouring component (40) includes a riprap layer (41) which is arranged at the bottom of the outlet bend (20). Water flowing inside the outlet bend (20) enters the river channel through the riprap layer (41), and the riprap layer (41) is used to reduce the impact force of the water flow.

9. The outlet structure of the culvert through the dike according to claim 1, characterized in that, The axis of the dam-penetrating pipe (10) and the axis of the outlet bend (20) are set perpendicularly.

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