Multi-stage dynamic sand and dust prevention atmospheric sampling device

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of multistage dynamic sand and dust prevention atmospheric sampling device, it is related to sampling device technical field, including bottom plate, the top of bottom plate is fixedly installed with shell, the top inside of shell is fixedly installed with adjustable louvre, the bottom of adjustable louvre is equipped with fairing, the inner wall of fairing is movably connected with prefilter screen.The utility model, by adopting multistage filtration system, from adjustable louvre preliminary block large particle sand and dust, prefilter screen intercepts larger impurity, to cyclone separator separates 20μm above particle, high efficiency filter cotton filters 5μm and above particulate, again by electric brush regular cleaning filter cotton, electrostatic adsorption layer captures PM2.5 and below microparticle, realize full particle size sand and dust and particulate high efficiency filtration.Meanwhile, adjustable louvre is automatically regulated according to wind speed and sand and dust concentration, fairing conical mouth design reduces sand and dust accumulation backflow, sand subcoating prevents sand and dust adhesion, all-around resist sand and dust.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of sampling device technology, and in particular to a multi-level dynamic anti-dust atmospheric sampling device. Background Technology

[0002] Under the dual effects of global warming and unreasonable human activities, the ecosystems of areas prone to sandstorms are suffering unprecedented impacts, and atmospheric environmental monitoring work is also facing multiple difficulties. Each challenge tests the resilience and accuracy of the environmental monitoring system.

[0003] When traditional atmospheric sampling devices operate in dusty environments, dust particles can easily clog the sampling channels and filter components, leading to a significant decrease in sampling efficiency. Furthermore, dust entering the device can wear down precision components such as the sampling pump and sensors, affecting the accuracy of the sampling data and the lifespan of the device. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to solve the technical problems mentioned in the background art.

[0005] This utility model adopts the following technical solution: a multi-stage dynamic sand and dust atmospheric sampling device, including a base plate, a shell fixedly installed on the top of the base plate, an adjustable louver fixedly installed on the inner edge of the top of the shell, a flow guide hood provided at the bottom of the adjustable louver, a pre-filter screen movably connected to the inner wall of the flow guide hood, a sampling pump provided at the bottom of the pre-filter screen, a cyclone separator fixedly installed at the output end of the sampling pump, an integrated chamber provided on the outer wall of the cyclone separator, an electric brush fixedly installed at the bottom of the sampling pump, a high-efficiency filter cotton fixedly installed on the outer wall of the electric brush, an electrostatic adsorption layer sleeved on the bottom of the electric brush, a mass flow meter fixedly installed on the outer wall of the shell, a storage bottle fixedly installed on the side of the mass flow meter away from the shell, a power supply and interface fixedly installed on the outer wall of the shell, and a sand-reducing coating fixedly installed on the outer wall of the flow guide hood.

[0006] Preferably, a wind speed sensor and a dust concentration sensor are fixedly installed on the top of the outer casing, respectively. An exhaust port and a sampling channel are respectively opened on the bottom outer wall of the outer casing. An intelligent control box is fixedly installed on the top of the base plate, a display screen is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the intelligent control box, and a photovoltaic panel is fixedly installed on the top of the intelligent control box. Here, the wind speed sensor monitors the external wind speed in real time and controls the opening angle of the adjustable louvers, while the dust concentration sensor automatically adjusts the closure degree of the louvers based on the dust concentration threshold. The two work together to dynamically adjust the air intake strategy according to environmental changes, ensuring the necessary air sampling volume while reducing dust entry when the dust concentration is too high, thus protecting the internal precision components.

[0007] Preferably, the bottom of the adjustable louvers contacts the top of the air guide shroud, the outer wall of the air guide shroud is fixedly installed to the inner wall of the outer casing, the bottom of the air guide shroud is fixedly installed to the top of the integrated compartment, the integrated compartment is located on the inner wall of the outer casing, and the high-efficiency filter cotton is electrically connected to the power supply and interface. Here, the tightly fitted installation structure between the adjustable louvers, air guide shroud, and integrated compartment ensures that the airflow can flow stably and orderly within the device, reducing the impact of airflow turbulence on sampling.

[0008] Preferably, the air deflector is conical in shape, and the adjustable louvers have blade angles that automatically adjust with ambient wind speed, with an opening angle ranging from 0° to 60°. The pre-filter is made of stainless steel spirally twisted and woven, with mesh diameters of 1-2 mm. Here, the conical design of the air deflector helps to guide airflow into the device, reducing dust accumulation and backflow at the inlet; the automatic adjustment function of the adjustable louvers allows for dynamic adjustment of ventilation and dust blocking effectiveness based on wind speed changes; and the pre-filter uses stainless steel spirally twisted and woven mesh with a specific mesh diameter design.

[0009] Preferably, the cyclone separator uses centrifugal force to separate particles larger than 20μm, the high-efficiency filter cotton has a filtration efficiency of ≥95% @5μm, the motorized brush rotates periodically and is combined with a reverse airflow pulse of 0.5 seconds / time, and the electrostatic adsorption layer captures PM2.5 and smaller particles under a high-voltage electrostatic field. Here, the cyclone separator, high-efficiency filter cotton, motorized brush, and electrostatic adsorption layer each function for particles of different sizes, forming a multi-stage high-efficiency filtration system.

[0010] Preferably, there are four sets of storage bottles and four sets of mass flow meters, with each of the four storage bottles having a capacity of 500 ml. A solenoid valve is fixedly installed on the outer wall of each mass flow meter, enabling switching of the sampling channel 22 and supporting timed / quantitative sampling. This configuration of four sets of storage bottles and mass flow meters can meet diverse sampling needs, allowing for simultaneous collection of multiple samples, thus expanding the sampling range and data volume.

[0011] Preferably, the wind speed sensor monitors the external wind speed in real time and controls the opening angle of the adjustable louvers, while the dust concentration sensor triggers a louver closing threshold. Here, the wind speed sensor and the dust concentration sensor work together to control the adjustable louvers, giving the device intelligent sensing and adaptive capabilities.

[0012] Preferably, the inner wall of the intelligent control box integrates sensors for wind speed, particulate matter, temperature, and humidity. A chip, specifically an STM32 series microcontroller, is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the intelligent control box, integrating a PID algorithm to adjust the louvers and cleaning frequency. Here, the intelligent control box integrates multiple sensors, enabling real-time collection of multi-dimensional environmental data such as wind speed, particulate matter concentration, temperature, and humidity, providing rich and accurate information for the intelligent operation of the device.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. This utility model employs a multi-stage filtration system. From the initial blocking of large dust particles by adjustable louvers, to the interception of larger impurities by a pre-filter, to the separation of particles larger than 20μm by a cyclone separator, to the filtration of particles 5μm and larger by high-efficiency filter cotton, and finally to the periodic cleaning of the filter cotton by an electric brush and the capture of PM2.5 and smaller particles by an electrostatic adsorption layer, efficient filtration of dust and particulate matter of all particle sizes is achieved. Simultaneously, the adjustable louvers automatically adjust according to wind speed and dust concentration, the conical design of the flow guide reduces dust accumulation and backflow, and the sand-repellent coating prevents dust adhesion, providing comprehensive protection against dust.

[0014] 2. In this invention, wind speed and dust concentration sensors monitor environmental parameters in real time, and control the opening and closing of the louvers accordingly, enabling them to automatically adapt to environmental changes. The STM32 series microcontroller in the intelligent control box, combined with a PID algorithm, precisely adjusts the operating frequency of the louvers and cleaning components, achieving automated and precise operation. Four sets of mass flow meters and storage bottles, along with solenoid valves, support timed / quantitative sampling and channel switching, meeting diverse sampling needs. Furthermore, photovoltaic panel power supply is energy-saving and environmentally friendly, the display screen shows the real-time operating status for easy operation, and the power supply and interfaces facilitate data transmission and remote control. These designs significantly improve sampling efficiency, reduce manual maintenance costs, and enhance the practicality of the device in different scenarios, bringing greater convenience and flexibility to atmospheric sampling. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This utility model presents a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a multi-level dynamic sand and dust atmospheric sampling device; Figure 2 This invention provides a schematic diagram of the other side of a multi-level dynamic sand and dust atmospheric sampling device. Figure 3 This utility model provides a cross-sectional structural diagram of a multi-level dynamic sand and dust atmospheric sampling device; Figure 4 This utility model presents a schematic diagram of a cyclone separator structure for a multi-stage dynamic sand and dust atmospheric sampling device; Figure 5 This invention proposes a storage bottle for a multi-level dynamic sand and dust atmospheric sampling device.

[0016] Legend: 1. Flow deflector; 2. Adjustable louvers; 3. Pre-filter; 4. Sampling pump; 5. Cyclone separator; 6. Integrated chamber; 7. High-efficiency filter cotton; 8. Electric brush; 9. Electrostatic adsorption layer; 10. Storage bottle; 11. Power supply and interface; 12. Sand-repellent coating; 13. Wind speed sensor; 14. Dust concentration sensor; 15. Mass flow meter; 16. Exhaust port; 17. Intelligent control box; 18. Display screen; 19. Photovoltaic panel; 20. Housing; 21. Base plate; 22. Sampling channel. Detailed Implementation

[0017] To better understand the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in these embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0018] Many specific details are set forth in the following description in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the following specification. Example

[0019] Please see Figures 1-5 This utility model provides a technical solution: a multi-stage dynamic sand and dust atmospheric sampling device, including a base plate 21, a shell 20 fixedly installed on the top of the base plate 21, an adjustable louver 2 fixedly installed on the inner edge of the top of the shell 20, a flow guide hood 1 provided at the bottom of the adjustable louver 2, a pre-filter 3 movably connected to the inner wall of the flow guide hood 1, a sampling pump 4 provided at the bottom of the pre-filter 3, a cyclone separator 5 fixedly installed at the output end of the sampling pump 4, an integrated chamber 6 provided on the outer wall of the cyclone separator 5, an electric brush 8 fixedly installed at the bottom of the sampling pump 4, a high-efficiency filter cotton 7 fixedly installed on the outer wall of the electric brush 8, an electrostatic adsorption layer 9 sleeved on the bottom of the electric brush 8, a mass flow meter 15 fixedly installed on the outer wall of the shell 20, a storage bottle 10 fixedly installed on the side of the mass flow meter 15 away from the shell 20, a power supply and interface 11 fixedly installed on the outer wall of the shell 20, and a sand-reducing coating 12 fixedly installed on the outer wall of the flow guide hood 1.

[0020] A wind speed sensor 13 and a dust concentration sensor 14 are fixedly installed on the top of the outer casing 20. An exhaust port 16 and a sampling channel 22 are respectively opened on the bottom outer wall of the outer casing 20. An intelligent control box 17 is fixedly installed on the top of the base plate 21. A display screen 18 is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the intelligent control box 17, and a photovoltaic panel 19 is fixedly installed on the top of the intelligent control box 17. Here, the wind speed sensor 13 monitors the external wind speed in real time and controls the opening angle of the adjustable louvers 2. The dust concentration sensor 14 automatically adjusts the closure degree of the louvers according to the dust concentration threshold. The two work together to dynamically adjust the air intake strategy according to environmental changes, ensuring the necessary air sampling volume while reducing dust entry when the dust concentration is too high, protecting internal precision components. The exhaust port 16 and sampling channel 22 are rationally arranged to ensure smooth airflow. The intelligent control box 17 integrates multiple sensors and chips to achieve intelligent control and data processing. The photovoltaic panel 19 powers the device, saving energy and protecting the environment, thus improving the device's environmental adaptability and sustainability.

[0021] The bottom of the adjustable louver 2 contacts the top of the air guide shroud 1. The outer wall of the air guide shroud 1 is fixedly installed to the inner wall of the outer casing 20. The bottom of the air guide shroud 1 is fixedly installed to the top of the integrated chamber 6. The integrated chamber 6 is located on the inner wall of the outer casing 20. The high-efficiency filter cotton 7 is electrically connected to the power supply and interface 11. Here, the tightly fitted installation structure between the adjustable louver 2, the air guide shroud 1, and the integrated chamber 6 ensures that the airflow can flow stably and orderly inside the device, reducing the impact of airflow turbulence on sampling. The electrical connection between the high-efficiency filter cotton 7 and the power supply and interface 11 ensures its continuous and stable operation, maintaining high-efficiency filtration performance, thereby improving the working efficiency and sampling quality of the entire sampling device.

[0022] The air deflector 1 has a conical opening, and the adjustable louvers 2 have blade angles that automatically adjust according to the ambient wind speed, with an opening angle ranging from 0° to 60°. The pre-filter 3 is made of stainless steel spirally twisted and woven, with a mesh diameter of 1-2mm. Here, the conical opening design of the air deflector 1 helps to guide airflow into the device, reducing the accumulation and backflow of sand and dust at the inlet; the automatic adjustment function of the adjustable louvers 2 allows it to dynamically adjust the ventilation volume and sand and dust blocking effect according to changes in wind speed; the pre-filter 3, made of stainless steel spirally twisted and woven with a specific mesh diameter design, possesses good mechanical strength and filtration performance, effectively intercepting larger sand and dust particles while ensuring smooth airflow, reducing the burden on subsequent fine filtration.

[0023] Cyclone separator 5 uses centrifugal force to separate particles larger than 20μm, high-efficiency filter cotton 7 has a filtration efficiency of ≥95% @5μm, motorized brush 8 rotates periodically and is combined with reverse airflow pulses every 0.5 seconds, and electrostatic adsorption layer 9 captures PM2.5 and smaller particles under a high-voltage electrostatic field. Here, cyclone separator 5, high-efficiency filter cotton 7, motorized brush 8, and electrostatic adsorption layer 9 each play a role in targeting particles of different sizes, forming a multi-stage high-efficiency filtration system. Cyclone separator 5 separates larger particles, high-efficiency filter cotton 7 filters medium-sized particles, motorized brush 8 cleans the filter cotton periodically with reverse airflow pulses to maintain filtration efficiency, and electrostatic adsorption layer 9 captures tiny particles. This combination effectively removes various types of dust and particulate matter from the air, significantly improving the cleanliness of the sampled air and ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the sampling data.

[0024] There are four sets of storage bottles 10 and four sets of mass flow meters 15, each with a capacity of 500ml. A solenoid valve is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the mass flow meter 15, enabling switching of the sampling channel 22 and supporting timed / quantitative sampling. This configuration of four sets of storage bottles 10 and mass flow meters 15 can meet diverse sampling needs, allowing for simultaneous collection of multiple samples, expanding the sampling range and data volume. The mass flow meter 15 is equipped with a solenoid valve, supporting timed / quantitative sampling and switching of the sampling channel 22. Sampling parameters can be flexibly set according to actual needs, achieving precise sampling and providing richer and more accurate sample data for scientific research, environmental monitoring, and other work.

[0025] The wind speed sensor 13 monitors the external wind speed in real time and controls the opening angle of the adjustable louvers 2, while the dust concentration sensor 14 triggers the louver closing threshold. Here, the wind speed sensor 13 and the dust concentration sensor 14 work together to control the adjustable louvers 2, giving the device intelligent sensing and adaptive capabilities. By monitoring the ambient wind speed and dust concentration in real time, the opening and closing of the louvers are automatically adjusted. This minimizes the erosion of the device's internal components by dust while ensuring normal sampling, protecting key components such as the sampling pump 4 and the filter, extending the device's service life, and improving the stability and reliability of the device in harsh dusty environments.

[0026] The inner wall of the intelligent control box 17 integrates sensors for wind speed, particulate matter, temperature, and humidity. A chip, specifically an STM32 series microcontroller, is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of the intelligent control box 17, integrating a PID algorithm to adjust the louvers and cleaning frequency. Here, the intelligent control box 17 integrates multiple sensors to collect multi-dimensional environmental data such as wind speed, particulate matter concentration, temperature, and humidity in real time, providing rich and accurate information for the intelligent operation of the device. Using an STM32 series microcontroller with integrated PID algorithm, it can precisely adjust the opening angle of the louvers and the working frequency of the cleaning components based on the collected data, achieving automated and precise control of the device, effectively improving sampling efficiency and quality, reducing manual maintenance costs, and enhancing the device's intelligence and practicality.

[0027] Working Principle: First, the wind speed sensor 13 monitors the external wind speed in real time, and the dust concentration sensor 14 continuously detects the dust concentration in the air. When the wind speed or dust concentration changes, the STM32 series microcontroller in the intelligent control box 17 automatically adjusts the blade angle of the adjustable louver 2 within the range of 0°-60° according to the preset program and PID algorithm. If the dust concentration reaches the threshold (e.g., PM10 > 500 μg / m³), the louver 2 automatically closes to the minimum angle. Under normal conditions, the ventilation volume is adjusted according to the wind speed to ensure smooth airflow into the device. After the adjustable louver 2 initially blocks larger dust particles, the air enters the air guide hood 1. The conical opening design of the air guide hood 1 guides the airflow to concentrate and flow downwards, reducing dust accumulation and backflow at the inlet. Meanwhile, the pre-filter 3 on the inner wall of the guide shroud 1 is made of stainless steel spiral twisted weave with a mesh diameter of 1-2mm. It can intercept larger impurities and dust in the air, reducing the burden on subsequent filtration. The air that has passed the initial filtration is drawn into the device and transported to the cyclone separator 5 by the sampling pump 4. The cyclone separator 5 uses the principle of centrifugal force to separate larger particles with a diameter of 20μm or more from the air. The separated particles fall into the integrated chamber 6 under the action of gravity for temporary storage. The air that has passed the initial purification continues to flow downward. The air coming out of the cyclone separator 5 enters the high-efficiency filter cotton 7 area. The high-efficiency filter cotton 7 has a filtration efficiency of ≥95% for particles with a diameter of 5μm or larger, further removing impurities from the air. The electric brush 8 rotates periodically and, combined with reverse airflow pulses (0.5 seconds / time), cleans the surface of the high-efficiency filter cotton 7 to prevent the filter cotton from clogging and maintain its high-efficiency filtration performance. Finally, the air passes through the electrostatic adsorption layer 9. Under the action of a high-voltage electrostatic field, PM2.5 and smaller fine particulate matter are captured, achieving fine purification of the air. The clean air after multi-stage filtration enters the mass flow meter 15 through the sampling channel 22. The solenoid valve on the outer wall of the mass flow meter 15 can switch the sampling channel 22 according to a preset program, supporting timed / quantitative sampling functions. After setting parameters according to actual sampling needs, the mass flow meter 15 precisely controls the air flow, delivering the qualified air sample to the storage bottle 10 for storage. Four sets of 500ml storage bottles 10 can collect multiple sets of samples simultaneously, meeting diverse sampling needs. The intelligent control box 17 integrates multiple sensors such as wind speed, particulate matter, temperature, and humidity, collecting environmental data and internal operating parameters in real time during the device's operation. The STM32 series microcontroller analyzes and processes this data, precisely adjusting the opening angle of the louvers and the working frequency of cleaning components such as the electric brush 8 based on the PID algorithm, realizing the automated and precise operation of the device.Meanwhile, the intelligent control box 17 displays the device's operating status and various data in real time through the display screen 18, making it convenient for operators to view and manage. The photovoltaic panel 19 converts solar energy into electrical energy, providing green and environmentally friendly power support for the device's operation. The power supply and interface 11 supplies power to various electrical components inside the device and provides a data transmission interface, facilitating connection between the device and external equipment to achieve functions such as data uploading and remote control. The sampled air is discharged from the device through the exhaust port 16 on the bottom outer wall of the outer casing 20. The reasonable layout of the exhaust port 16 ensures smooth airflow and does not affect the normal airflow and sampling work inside the device.

[0028] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments for application in other fields. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model without departing from the technical solution of the present utility model shall still fall within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A multi-stage dynamic dust storm atmospheric sampling device, comprising a base plate (21), characterized in that: A housing (20) is fixedly installed on the top of the base plate (21). An adjustable louver (2) is fixedly installed on the inner edge of the top of the housing (20). A flow guide (1) is provided at the bottom of the adjustable louver (2). A pre-filter (3) is movably connected to the inner wall of the flow guide (1). A sampling pump (4) is provided at the bottom of the pre-filter (3). A cyclone separator (5) is fixedly installed at the output end of the sampling pump (4). An integrated chamber (6) is provided on the outer wall of the cyclone separator (5). The sampling pump (4) An electric brush (8) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the device. A high-efficiency filter cotton (7) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the electric brush (8). An electrostatic adsorption layer (9) is sleeved on the bottom of the electric brush (8). A mass flow meter (15) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the outer shell (20). A storage bottle (10) is fixedly installed on the side of the mass flow meter (15) away from the outer shell (20). A power supply and interface (11) are fixedly installed on the outer wall of the outer shell (20). A sand-repellent coating (12) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the flow guide (1).

2. The multi-stage dynamic sandstorm atmospheric sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A wind speed sensor (13) and a dust concentration sensor (14) are fixedly installed on the top of the outer shell (20). An exhaust port (16) and a sampling channel (22) are opened on the bottom outer wall of the outer shell (20). A smart control box (17) is fixedly installed on the top of the base plate (21). A display screen (18) is fixedly installed on the outer wall of the smart control box (17). A photovoltaic panel (19) is fixedly installed on the top of the smart control box (17).

3. The multi-stage dynamic sandstorm atmospheric sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the adjustable louver (2) is in contact with the top of the flow guide (1). The outer wall of the flow guide (1) is fixedly installed with the inner wall of the outer shell (20). The bottom of the flow guide (1) is fixedly installed with the top of the integrated chamber (6). The integrated chamber (6) is located on the inner wall of the outer shell (20). The high-efficiency filter cotton (7) is electrically connected to the power supply and interface (11).

4. The multi-stage dynamic sandstorm atmospheric sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air guide (1) is cone-shaped, and the blade angle of the adjustable louver (2) can be automatically adjusted according to the ambient wind speed. The opening and closing angle is 0° to 60°. The pre-filter (3) is made of stainless steel spiral twisted and woven, and the diameter of the mesh is 1-2mm.

5. The multi-stage dynamic sandstorm atmospheric sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cyclone separator (5) uses centrifugal force to separate particles larger than 20μm. The high-efficiency filter cotton (7) has a filtration efficiency of ≥95% @5μm. The electric brush (8) rotates periodically and is combined with a reverse airflow pulse of 0.5 seconds / time. The electrostatic adsorption layer (9) captures PM2.5 and smaller particles under a high-voltage electrostatic field.

6. The multi-stage dynamic sandstorm atmospheric sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are four sets of storage bottles (10) and mass flow meters (15), and the capacity of each of the four storage bottles (10) is 500ml. The outer wall of the mass flow meter (15) is fixedly equipped with a solenoid valve, which can switch the sampling channel (22) and support timed / quantitative sampling.

7. The multi-stage dynamic sandstorm atmospheric sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wind speed sensor (13) monitors the external wind speed in real time and controls the opening and closing angle of the adjustable louver (2). The dust concentration sensor (14) triggers the louver closing threshold, such as closing to the minimum angle when PM10 > 500μg / m³.

8. The multi-stage dynamic sandstorm atmospheric sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the intelligent control box (17) is integrated with wind speed, particulate matter, temperature and humidity sensors. A chip is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the intelligent control box (17), and the chip is an STM32 series microcontroller that integrates PID algorithm to adjust the louvers and cleaning frequency.

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