A single battery, battery pack and energy storage container system

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of single battery, battery pack and energy storage container system.The single battery includes shell, blocking membrane, electric core and heat absorber, shell has chamber, blocking membrane is located in chamber, to separate into battery cavity and fire-extinguishing cavity, blocking membrane is configured to reach preset temperature and can be melted and broken, to communicate battery cavity and fire-extinguishing cavity, electric core is located in battery cavity, heat absorber is located in fire-extinguishing cavity, for absorbing heat in chamber.The single battery, battery pack and energy storage container system of the utility model rely on integrated fire extinguishing function itself, can respond in time when electric core occurs thermal runaway, blocking speed is fast, can inhibit the spread of dangerous situation, can effectively protect single battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electrochemical energy storage technology, and in particular to a single cell, a battery pack, and an energy storage container system. Background Technology

[0002] A battery pack is a complete energy storage unit composed of multiple individual batteries connected in series and parallel, and integrated with a battery management system, thermal management system, fire suppression system, structural components, and electrical components. In related technologies, the fire suppression system of a battery pack relies on external piping, and the response delay of an individual battery in the event of thermal runaway is greater than 30 seconds, resulting in insufficient containment speed. Utility Model Content

[0003] This utility model aims to at least partially solve one of the technical problems in the related art.

[0004] Therefore, in a first aspect, this utility model provides a single-cell battery, the single-cell battery comprising: a casing having a cavity; a blocking membrane disposed within the cavity to divide the cavity into a battery cavity and a fire extinguishing cavity, the blocking membrane being configured to melt and rupture upon reaching a preset temperature to connect the battery cavity and the fire extinguishing cavity; a battery cell disposed within the battery cavity; and a heat absorber disposed within the fire extinguishing cavity for absorbing heat within the cavity.

[0005] The single-cell battery of this utility model forms a battery cavity that accommodates the battery cell and a fire extinguishing cavity that accommodates the heat-absorbing agent by setting a blocking membrane in the cavity of the casing. In the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell, the temperature inside the battery cavity rises. When it reaches the dangerous value, i.e. the preset temperature value of the blocking membrane, the blocking membrane melts and cracks, connecting the battery cavity and the fire extinguishing cavity. At this time, the heat-absorbing agent absorbs heat, thereby achieving cooling and ensuring the safe operation of the single-cell battery.

[0006] Compared to related technologies, the single-cell battery in this application relies on its integrated fire extinguishing function, which can respond promptly when thermal runaway occurs in the cell, quickly block the fire, suppress the spread of danger, and effectively protect the single-cell battery.

[0007] In some embodiments, the single battery cell further includes an aerogel layer disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the housing, and the aerogel layer is laminated with aluminum foil on both the side facing the housing and the side away from the housing.

[0008] In some embodiments, the area of ​​the side of the aerogel layer away from the shell is S1, and the area of ​​the outer peripheral surface of the shell is S2, wherein S1 ≥ 70%S2.

[0009] In some embodiments, the thickness of the aerogel layer is 0.5-2 mm; and / or, the thickness of the aluminum foil is 0.1 mm.

[0010] In some embodiments, the outer periphery of the cross-section of the housing is a regular hexagon, and the housing includes: a bottom shell, the bottom shell being a cylindrical shape with one end open and the other end closed, the battery cavity and the fire extinguishing cavity being formed inside the bottom shell and distributed sequentially along the axial direction of the bottom shell; and an end cap, the end cap being disposed at the open end of the bottom shell to cover the battery cavity.

[0011] In some embodiments, the blocking membrane is a Sn-Bi alloy membrane.

[0012] In some embodiments, the heat-absorbing agent is perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent or fluorinated ketone fire extinguishing agent.

[0013] In some embodiments, the single battery cell further includes: a monitoring component disposed on the side wall of the battery cavity for monitoring the temperature and pressure inside the battery cavity; and a data bus that is communicatively connected to the monitoring component and also for communicatively connected to a control unit.

[0014] Secondly, this utility model embodiment also proposes a battery pack, the battery pack including a battery compartment and multiple sets of individual batteries from any of the above embodiments, the multiple sets of individual batteries being distributed in a honeycomb array within the battery compartment, and the outer peripheral surfaces of adjacent individual batteries being in contact with each other.

[0015] Thirdly, this utility model embodiment also proposes an energy storage container system, which includes a single battery or battery pack of any of the above embodiments. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a single battery cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0017] Figure 2 This is a top view of a single battery cell according to an embodiment of the present utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Sectional view in the AA direction;

[0019] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a single battery cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the lower cavity of a single battery cell according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack structure according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure label:

[0023] 100. Single cell battery;

[0024] 110. Housing; 120. Blocking membrane; 130. Battery cell; 140. Endothermic agent; 150. Aerogel layer; 160. Data bus; 170. Fiber optic sensor;

[0025] 111. Bottom shell; 112. End cap;

[0026] 1111 Battery compartment; 1112 Fire extinguishing compartment;

[0027] 200. Battery compartment; 300. Edge communication module. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0029] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the single-cell battery 100 of this embodiment includes a casing 110, a blocking membrane 120, a battery cell 130, and a heat absorber 140. The casing 110 has a chamber, and the blocking membrane 120 is disposed in the chamber to divide the chamber into a battery chamber 1111 and a fire extinguishing chamber 1112. The blocking membrane 120 is configured to melt and rupture when a preset temperature is reached to connect the battery chamber 1111 and the fire extinguishing chamber 1112. The battery cell 130 is disposed in the battery chamber 1111, and the heat absorber 140 is disposed in the fire extinguishing chamber 1112 to absorb heat in the chamber.

[0030] It should be noted that the preset temperature can be a single value or a range of values, and needs to be determined based on the melting point of the specific material of the blocking membrane.

[0031] According to the embodiment of the present invention, the single battery 100 forms a battery cavity 1111 for accommodating the battery cell 130 and a fire extinguishing cavity 1112 for accommodating the heat absorber 140 by providing a blocking membrane 120 in the cavity of the housing 110. In the event of thermal runaway of the battery cell 130, the temperature in the battery cavity 1111 rises. When it reaches the dangerous value, i.e., the preset temperature value of the blocking membrane 120, the blocking membrane 120 melts and cracks, connecting the battery cavity 1111 and the fire extinguishing cavity 1112. At this time, the heat absorber 140 absorbs heat, thereby achieving cooling and ensuring the safe operation of the single battery 100.

[0032] Compared to related technologies, the single cell 100 of this application relies on its integrated fire extinguishing function, which can respond promptly when the cell 130 experiences thermal runaway, quickly block the fire, suppress the spread of danger, and effectively protect the single cell 100.

[0033] The following combination Figures 1 to 6 The structure and shape of the single-cell battery 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below:

[0034] Regarding housing 110, specifically:

[0035] refer to Figures 1 to 5 The outer periphery of the cross-section of the housing 110 is a regular hexagon. The housing 110 includes a bottom shell 111 and an end cap 112. The bottom shell 111 is formed by extrusion of aluminum alloy. Its bottom end is closed and its top end is open. The blocking membrane 120 is fixed inside the bottom shell 111 along an axial direction perpendicular to the bottom shell 111, dividing the inner cavity of the bottom shell 111 into a battery chamber 1111 and a fire extinguishing chamber 1112 distributed vertically. The end cap 112 is located at the upper end of the bottom shell 111 and covers the battery cell 130.

[0036] In this design, the housing 110 is designed as a hexagonal prism structure. In application, such as... Figure 6 As shown, adjacent individual cells 100 can be closely arranged with their outer peripheral surfaces touching, thereby maximizing space utilization and achieving maximum specific surface area in a zero-gap arrangement, thus improving stacking efficiency and heat dissipation capacity; moreover, as Figure 3 As shown, in addition to the battery cavity 1111 that houses the battery cell 130, the housing 110 also has a fire extinguishing cavity 1112 below the battery cavity 1111 that houses the heat-absorbing agent 140. This integrates the fire extinguishing function inside the individual battery cell 100, without occupying any usable space outside the cell, and also improves the fire suppression speed. The bottom shell 111 is made of aluminum alloy, which reduces the weight of the individual battery cell 100 and also provides excellent thermal conductivity, extending the service life of the battery cell 130.

[0037] Optionally, the cross-sectional profile of the battery cavity 1111 is rectangular, which allows the battery cavity 1111 to be adapted to rectangular block-shaped battery cells 130, thereby improving space utilization.

[0038] Optionally, the cross-sectional profile of the fire extinguishing chamber 1112 is circular. With this design, when under pressure, the pressure will be evenly distributed on the curved surface of the fire extinguishing chamber 1112, avoiding stress concentration, maintaining the structural integrity of the fire extinguishing chamber 1112, and ensuring the reliability of storage.

[0039] Optionally, the end cap 112 and the bottom shell 111 are fixed by welding. By welding, the end cap 112 and the bottom shell 111 are firmly combined into an integral structure, which significantly improves the rigidity and strength of the shell 110, thereby providing solid support for its internal components.

[0040] In one embodiment, the blocking membrane 120 is fixed to the side wall of the bottom shell 111 by welding, that is, the outer edge of the blocking membrane 120 is directly welded to the inner wall of the bottom shell 111 or a welding flange pre-installed on and protruding from the inner wall of the bottom shell 111. Through welding, the blocking membrane 120 and the bottom shell 111 form a continuous interface of metallurgical bonding, thereby eliminating leakage paths at the edge of the blocking membrane 120 and ensuring the sealing of the fire extinguishing chamber 1112.

[0041] In another embodiment, the blocking membrane 120 is fixed to the side wall of the bottom shell 111 by bolts. Specifically, internal threads and steps are pre-machined on the inner wall of the fire extinguishing chamber 1112, with the step located at the bottom of the internal thread and extending circumferentially around the fire extinguishing chamber 1112. Then, an annular clamping member with external threads is screwed onto the inner wall of the fire extinguishing chamber 1112 via the internal thread, pressing the edge of the blocking membrane 120 against the step. Additionally, a sealing ring is fitted between the annular clamping member and the inner wall of the fire extinguishing chamber 1112 to seal the fire extinguishing chamber 1112. This design facilitates the installation of the blocking membrane 120 and improves the flexibility of its installation.

[0042] Optionally, the heat-absorbing agent 140 is perfluorohexanone extinguishing agent (with a heat absorption of 160 kJ / kg) or fluorinated ketone extinguishing agent. In practical applications, the extinguishing agent can complete the detection response and release within 10 seconds. The vaporized extinguishing agent enters the battery chamber 1111, covers the battery cell 130, effectively blocks oxygen, interrupts the thermal runaway chain reaction, and has a fast cooling rate.

[0043] Optionally, the blocking membrane 120 is made of Sn-Bi alloy membrane with a melting point of 78°C. When thermal runaway occurs in the cell 130, the temperature inside the battery cavity 1111 rises rapidly. When the temperature exceeds 78°C, the Sn-Bi alloy membrane will quickly melt and rupture, triggering the release of the extinguishing agent, achieving a millisecond-level response and effectively suppressing heat spread. In addition to its rapid response, the Sn-Bi alloy membrane also possesses excellent mechanical strength and density at room temperature, allowing it to withstand the chemical corrosion of extinguishing agents (such as perfluorohexanone) for extended periods, thus avoiding the risk of extinguishing agent leakage.

[0044] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 The single cell 100 also includes an aerogel layer 150, which is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the housing 110, that is, the outer surface of the six side walls of the housing 110. The aerogel layer 150 is laminated with aluminum foil on both the side facing the housing 110 and the side away from the housing 110. The lamination method is hot pressing or adhesive bonding.

[0045] When applying, refer to Figure 6 The hexagonal prism structure of the single cell 100 achieves a zero-gap honeycomb arrangement, eliminating air thermal bridges. This forces heat to penetrate the aerogel layer 150 for transfer during diffusion. The aerogel layer 150 is also composited with aluminum foil. The combination of the two has a dual function of "blocking + reflecting", thus achieving effective heat insulation between the single cells 100 and delaying heat spread. Moreover, the composite aluminum foil layer can reflect 89% of radiant heat, thereby reducing the thermal load of the aerogel layer 150 itself.

[0046] In addition, the design of the aerogel layer 150 combined with the fire extinguishing chamber 1112 forms a protection system of "lateral barrier + longitudinal cooling". According to actual tests, the temperature rise of the adjacent cell 130 under a 150°C thermal shock is only 41°C, which is 60% lower than the traditional solution. The heat spread time, that is, the time from the temperature rise of the triggered single cell 100 to 150°C to the abnormality of the adjacent single cell 100, is extended from 9.2s to 21.5s.

[0047] Optionally, the area of ​​the side of the aerogel layer 150 away from the shell 110 is S1, and the area of ​​the outer peripheral surface of the shell 110 is S2, wherein S1 ≥ 70%S2.

[0048] In one embodiment of this application, the thickness of the aerogel layer 150 is 0.5-2 mm, specifically 0.5 mm, 1.2 mm or 2 mm. In another embodiment, the thickness of the aluminum foil is 0.1 mm.

[0049] In other embodiments, the thickness of the aerogel layer 150 is 0.5-2 mm, specifically 0.5 mm, 1.2 mm or 2 mm, while the thickness of the aluminum foil is 0.1 mm.

[0050] Understandably, the aerogel layer 150 provides nanoporous thermal insulation, while the aluminum foil blocks radiative heat transfer. Here, the two work synergistically. By designing the coverage area of ​​the aerogel layer 150 and the thickness of both the aerogel layer 150 and the aluminum foil, the overall thermal conductivity can be optimized, further improving the thermal insulation capability.

[0051] In some embodiments, reference Figure 1 and Figure 4 The single cell 100 also includes a monitoring component and a data bus 160. The monitoring component is located on the side wall of the battery cavity 1111 and is used to monitor the temperature and pressure inside the battery cavity 1111. The data bus 160 is located on the wall of the housing 110 and is connected to the monitoring component. It is also used to connect to the control unit via the edge communication module 300.

[0052] During application, the monitoring component monitors the temperature and pressure inside the battery cavity 1111 and transmits the temperature and pressure information to the control unit via the data bus 160 and the edge communication module 300. When the temperature or pressure reaches the preset value, or when both the temperature and pressure reach the preset value, the control unit controls the corresponding system to take action to further cool down and insulate the heat.

[0053] Specifically, the monitoring components include a gas sensor, a fiber optic sensor 170, and a pressure sensor, all of which are connected to a data bus 160.

[0054] The end cap 112 is a concave hexagonal grid plate, and the gas sensor is embedded in the grid node.

[0055] The fiber optic sensor 170 is embedded in the side wall of the battery cavity 1111 and is used to monitor temperature and deformation.

[0056] A pressure sensor is also embedded in the side wall of the battery cavity 1111 to monitor pressure changes within the battery cavity 1111.

[0057] For example, the gas sensor, fiber optic sensor 170, and pressure sensor monitor in real time and transmit the corresponding information to the control unit. The control unit receives and analyzes the information. When the temperature is greater than 65°C, the control unit activates the alarm system to remind personnel that a single battery 100 has an abnormal temperature and needs to be dealt with in time. When the temperature is greater than 78°C, the Sn-Bi alloy diaphragm melts and cracks, and the perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent absorbs heat and vaporizes, reducing the temperature in the chamber.

[0058] As described above, when a sudden pressure surge (greater than or equal to 10 kPa) occurs, the control unit triggers a three-level response within 380 ms: local isolation (<10 ms), which cuts off the circuit of the faulty single cell 100, activates the pre-tightening device of the adjacent aerogel layer 150, physically isolates the current path, and strengthens lateral heat insulation; module fire extinguishing (100 ms), injects -30°C cryogenic liquid into the phase change cooling plate outside the single cell 100, and releases nitrogen after the gas sensor verifies that the CO concentration is greater than 100 ppm, inertizing the heat dissipation channel and achieving dual blocking of the three elements of combustion; container blocking (200 ms), sends a positioning signal to the control unit via the CAN FD bus, triggers the directional injection valve above the faulty single cell 100 to directionally spray a perfluorohexanone curtain to cover the single cell 100, and simultaneously cuts off the power supply to the entire cluster, thus preventing reignition and cascading runaway.

[0059] Here, the gas sensor, fiber optic sensor 170, and pressure sensor work together to reduce the false alarm rate. Furthermore, it is understood that the information transmission method between the sensors and the control unit, the corresponding instructions issued by the control unit after receiving information, and the measures taken in the three-level response described above are all mature technologies in battery packs. This embodiment aims to demonstrate that the individual battery cell 100 integrates a monitoring component, through which targeted measures can be taken for faulty individual battery cells 100.

[0060] The single-cell battery 100 of this embodiment can be densely arranged in a honeycomb structure through a hexagonal prism shell 110, achieving 100% space utilization between adjacent single-cell batteries 100. An ultra-thin aerogel layer 150 is pressed on the outer peripheral surface of the shell 110 to block heat diffusion. A fire extinguishing chamber 1112 for containing fire extinguishing agent is provided at the bottom of the shell 110 to achieve local immersion cooling. An optical fiber sensor 170 and a pressure sensor are embedded in the battery chamber 1111 for real-time anomaly diagnosis. In this way, a triple protection of "structure-material-system" is formed, achieving "single-point fault isolation" and effectively suppressing heat spread. In addition, compared with the independent arrangement of traditional safety components, this embodiment integrates the functions of safety components (heat insulation, fire extinguishing and sensing functions) into the single-cell structure, reducing the space ratio, and at the same time, it can reduce the coverage area and thickness of the aerogel layer 150 on the shell 110 to a certain extent.

[0061] This utility model embodiment also proposes a battery pack, see reference. Figure 6 The battery pack includes a battery compartment 200 and multiple sets of individual cells 100 as described above. The multiple sets of individual cells 100 are distributed in a honeycomb array within the battery compartment 200, and the outer peripheral surfaces of adjacent individual cells 100 are in contact with each other.

[0062] The following comparison uses thermal simulation data to examine the battery pack of this embodiment with a traditional battery pack:

[0063] The table below shows a comparison of the conventional battery pack and the battery pack of this application under multiple operating conditions in ANSYS simulation. The temperature rise of the conventional battery pack and the battery pack of this embodiment under different discharge rates is shown below:

[0064]

[0065] The following table compares the thermal runaway prevention capabilities of conventional battery packs and the battery pack of this embodiment:

[0066]

[0067] The following table presents a quantitative analysis of the heat dissipation efficiency of a conventional battery pack and the battery pack of this embodiment:

[0068]

[0069]

[0070] The data shows that the time from the temperature rise of the triggered single cell 100 to 150°C to the abnormality of the adjacent single cell 100 increased from 6.2s to 22.8s, while the actual measurement data showed that it increased from 9.2s to 21.5s. This indicates that the battery pack of this embodiment can effectively suppress heat spread.

[0071] This utility model embodiment also proposes an energy storage container system, which includes a single battery 100 as described above or a battery pack as described above.

[0072] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0073] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this utility model, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0074] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model according to the specific circumstances.

[0075] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0076] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0077] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-cell battery, characterized in that, The single cell (100) includes: A housing (110) having a chamber; A blocking membrane (120) is disposed in the chamber to divide the chamber into a battery chamber (1111) and a fire extinguishing chamber (1112). The blocking membrane (120) is configured to melt and crack when a preset temperature is reached to connect the battery chamber (1111) and the fire extinguishing chamber (1112). A battery cell (130) is disposed within the battery cavity (1111); Heat absorber (140) is disposed in the fire extinguishing chamber (1112) to absorb heat in the chamber.

2. The single-cell battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The single cell (100) also includes an aerogel layer (150), which is disposed on the outer peripheral surface of the housing (110), and aluminum foil is laminated on both the side of the aerogel layer (150) facing the housing (110) and the side away from the housing (110).

3. The single-cell battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The area of ​​the side of the aerogel layer (150) away from the shell (110) is S1, and the area of ​​the outer peripheral surface of the shell (110) is S2, wherein S1 ≥ 70%S2.

4. The single-cell battery according to claim 2, characterized in that, The thickness of the aerogel layer (150) is 0.5-2 mm; And / or, the thickness of the aluminum foil is 0.1 mm.

5. The single-cell battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer periphery of the cross-section of the housing (110) is a regular hexagon, and the housing (110) includes: The bottom shell (111) is a cylindrical shape with one end open and the other end closed. The battery chamber (1111) and the fire extinguishing chamber (1112) are formed inside the bottom shell (111) and are distributed sequentially along the axial direction of the bottom shell (111). End cap (112), the end cap (112) is provided at the open end of the bottom shell (111) to cover the battery cavity (1111).

6. The single-cell battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The blocking membrane (120) is a Sn-Bi alloy membrane.

7. The single-cell battery according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat-absorbing agent (140) is a perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing agent or a fluorinated ketone fire extinguishing agent.

8. The single-cell battery according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The single cell (100) also includes: A monitoring component is disposed on the side wall of the battery cavity (1111) for monitoring the temperature and pressure inside the battery cavity (1111); A data bus (160) is communicatively connected to the monitoring component and also to the control unit.

9. A battery pack, characterized in that, It includes a battery compartment (200) and multiple sets of individual cells (100) as described in any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the multiple sets of individual cells (100) are distributed in a honeycomb array within the battery compartment (200), and the outer peripheral surfaces of adjacent individual cells (100) are in contact with each other.

10. An energy storage container system, characterized in that, Includes a single cell (100) as described in any one of claims 1 to 8 or a battery pack as described in claim 9.

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