Intelligent inverter power distribution cabinet based on RS485 communication interlocking

Abstract

The utility model discloses an intelligent inverter power distribution cabinet based on RS485 communication interlocking, specifically relates to new energy reserve power distribution field, including power distribution cabinet body, the inside fixed mounting of power distribution cabinet body has the protocol box, one end of protocol box is connected with inverter, the two -way communication authentication of protocol box is carried out with battery group through RS485 bus, the inside of power distribution cabinet body is provided with protection circuit module, the utility model discloses safety promotion, and the battery group state is verified through RS485 communication interlocking, and the risk of illegal starting is prevented absolutely, and the reliability is strengthened, and the protection such as integrated electric leakage, short circuit and communication failure, and system reliability promotes, and the environmental adaptability is higher, and the wide voltage input is with the anti -interference design, and adapts complex working condition, and the convenience is better, and power distribution cabinet compares with commercial power, and the installation is more convenient, and need not from the state grid to pull the wire, and the battery group supporting battery can power supply for load, power distribution cabinet, battery group is independent individual, and can replace battery group alone.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of new energy reserve power distribution cabinet technology, specifically an intelligent inverter power distribution cabinet based on RS485 communication interlocking. Background Technology

[0002] Problems with existing DC-to-AC inverters: 1) Sensitive to input voltage: The inverter is sensitive to fluctuations in the input DC voltage. If the input voltage exceeds the design range (such as battery over-discharge or overcharge), it may trigger the protection mechanism to shut down or cause output instability.

[0003] 2) Lack of reverse connection protection: Some inverters do not include reverse connection protection and rely solely on diodes and internal fuses to prevent long-term short circuits. This makes them difficult to repair independently and can easily lead to shortened component lifespan or malfunctions.

[0004] 3) Lack of communication verification: Traditional inverters lack a real-time communication verification mechanism with the battery pack, which may lead to false starts due to illegal operation, signal interference, or incorrect commands, posing a safety hazard. (If the battery does not support the inverter's discharge current, it will cause battery damage and reduce its lifespan.) 4) Limited protection functions: Ordinary inverters rely only on overload protection or simple circuit breaking functions, which cannot effectively cope with multiple faults such as DC short circuits, abnormal temperatures, and communication interruptions, resulting in low system reliability.

[0005] Problems with existing mains power supply 1) Limited flexibility: The mains power is drawn from the power grid to the equipment through wires, which limits the space where it can be used.

[0006] 2) Dependence on power grid infrastructure: The reliability of mains power supply depends entirely on the power grid infrastructure. Once the power grid fails or goes out, it will directly lead to power outage.

[0007] 3) Maintenance and cost issues: Grid power relies on complex grid maintenance and upgrades, especially in remote areas or high-load scenarios, where grid expansion costs are high.

[0008] Current traditional inverter distribution cabinets rely on physical switches or simple electrical controls, and achieve basic protection through diodes and fuses. The communication protocols are mostly one-way signal transmissions, lacking real-time interaction; while the mains power currently suffers from limited flexibility and dependence on grid infrastructure.

[0009] Chinese patent publication number CN118522085A discloses an encrypted electric lock based on RS485 communication, and authorization announcement number CN218214383U discloses a remote multi-channel remote control device based on RS485 communication. Both mention communication verification logic functions for remote control of encrypted combination locks and remote multi-channel circuit control via RS485 communication, but do not relate to inverter power distribution scenarios. Meanwhile, publication number CN119298203A discloses a hybrid integrated device for inverters, battery packs, and control systems, which can solve the problems mentioned in its background art regarding the inconvenience of decentralized assembly and management of current photovoltaic energy storage devices, as well as insufficient circuit security. However, this type of device integrates the inverter, battery pack, and control system into a single unit, making battery replacement inconvenient. Furthermore, integrated devices used for photovoltaic energy storage tend to be large and heavy, making them difficult to move. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to provide an intelligent inverter distribution cabinet based on RS485 communication interlocking to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: An intelligent inverter power distribution cabinet based on RS485 communication interlocking includes a power distribution cabinet body, a protocol box fixedly installed inside the power distribution cabinet body, an inverter connected to one end of the protocol box, and the protocol box performs bidirectional communication verification with the battery pack via an RS485 bus. A protection circuit module is provided inside the power distribution cabinet body.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment, the protocol box is equipped with a main controller, a communication chip, a relay, and a protection circuit. The protocol box is equipped with an RS485 interface, which receives battery pack status signals (voltage, temperature, current) in real time. After verifying protocol matching, the protocol box controls the internal relay to start or stop. The protocol box integrates pre-discharge, pre-charge, discharge, LED display, reverse connection protection, and real-time monitoring functions.

[0013] In a preferred embodiment, the communication chip is an isolated RS485 transceiver, and the protection circuit consists of a bidirectional TVS diode and a PTC resettable fuse.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment, the protection circuit module includes an overload fuse, a surge protector, and a residual current device (RCD). The overload fuse is disposed between the protocol box and the inverter. The surge protector is connected to the inverter. The inverter is connected to a power strip via the RCD.

[0015] In a preferred embodiment, after verifying that the battery pack communication protocol is compatible and in normal condition, the protocol box controls the relay to close to supply power to the inverter.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: 1. Enhanced safety: Battery pack status is verified via RS485 communication interlock, eliminating the risk of unauthorized startup; 2. Enhanced reliability: Integrated protection against leakage current, short circuit, and communication failure improves system reliability; 3. High environmental adaptability, wide voltage input and anti-interference design, suitable for complex working conditions; 4. It offers greater convenience. Compared to mains power, the distribution cabinet is easier to install, eliminating the need for power lines from the State Grid. The battery pack alone can power the load. Compared to integrated systems combining inverters, battery packs, and control systems, it is smaller and lighter, making it easier to move. The distribution cabinet and battery pack are independent units; when the battery is depleted, the battery pack can be replaced separately. Attached Figure Description

[0017] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the present invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to explain the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the internal layout structure of the power distribution cabinet of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the system structure framework of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the communication interlocking control of this utility model.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Distribution cabinet; 2. Protocol box; 3. Inverter; 4. Battery pack; 5. Overload fuse; 6. Surge protector; 7. Residual current device (RCD); 8. Power strip; 9. Protection circuit module. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0020] Please see Figures 1-3 This utility model provides an intelligent inverter distribution cabinet based on RS485 communication interlocking, and the technical solution is as follows: An intelligent inverter power distribution cabinet based on RS485 communication interlocking includes a power distribution cabinet body 1. A protocol box 2 is fixedly installed inside the power distribution cabinet body 1. One end of the protocol box 2 is connected to an inverter 3. The protocol box 2 performs bidirectional communication verification with a battery pack 4 through an RS485 bus. A protection circuit module 9 is set inside the power distribution cabinet body 1.

[0021] In a preferred embodiment, the protocol box 2 is internally equipped with a main controller, a communication chip, a relay, and a protection circuit. The protocol box 2 is equipped with an RS485 interface. Specifically, the main controller is an STM32F103C8T6 controller, the communication chip is a CA-IS3092W isolated RS485 transceiver, and the protection circuit consists of an SMBJ60CA bidirectional TVS diode and a JK60-010PTC self-resetting fuse.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment, the protection circuit module 9 includes an overload fuse 5, a surge protector 6, and a residual current device (RCD) 7. The overload fuse 5 is disposed between the protocol box 2 and the inverter 3. The surge protector 6 is connected to the inverter 3. The inverter 3 is connected to the power strip 8 through the RCD 7. Specifically, the overload fuse is a 250V / 100A slow-blow fuse with a ceramic tube package, the surge protector is model DZ47Y-40, and the RCD is model DZ47LE-32.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment, after verifying that the communication protocol of the battery pack 4 is compatible and in normal condition, the protocol box 2 controls the relay to close to supply power to the inverter 3.

[0024] The working principle of this utility model is as follows: Place the power distribution cabinet 1 in a safe area, and connect the 8-pin 2+6 signal line connector of the power distribution cabinet 1 to the battery pack 4 with the communication protocol. The protocol box 2 automatically identifies the battery protocol. When the protocol matches, the protocol box 2 first performs pre-power-on. After the pre-power-on is completed, the relay inside the control box of the protocol box 2 is activated, so that the battery pack 4 supplies power to the inverter 3 inside the power distribution cabinet 1. The DC power of the battery pack 4 is converted into 220V AC power by the inverter, and the leakage current protection device 7 is closed. The power strip 8 provides power to the downstream load.

[0025] The specific steps are as follows: S1: Battery pack connection detection (detect whether the voltage signal of the J1 interface is within the range of 48V±5%) S2: Protocol handshake (the protocol box sends the 0x01 command and waits for the battery pack to return the device ID and protocol version) S3: Authentication (verify whether the returned device ID is in the pre-authorized list) S4: Status assessment (read battery pack temperature (T<60℃), SOC (>20%), fault codes (0x00 no fault)) S5: Pre-charge start-up (the protocol box controls the RC circuit to charge the inverter capacitor for 0.8 seconds). S6: Main relay closed (RELAY1 energized, DC48V input inverter) S7: Real-time monitoring (reads 3 sets of status data per second via RS485, and sets 3 consecutive abnormal trigger protections).

[0026] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An intelligent inverter distribution cabinet based on RS485 communication interlocking, comprising a distribution cabinet body (1), characterized in that: The power distribution cabinet (1) is fixedly installed with a protocol box (2). One end of the protocol box (2) is connected to an inverter (3). The protocol box (2) communicates with the battery pack (4) via RS485 bus for bidirectional verification. The power distribution cabinet (1) is equipped with a protection circuit module (9).

2. The intelligent inverter distribution cabinet based on RS485 communication interlocking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protocol box (2) is equipped with a main controller, a communication chip, a relay and a protection circuit, and has an RS485 interface.

3. The intelligent inverter distribution cabinet based on RS485 communication interlocking according to claim 2, characterized in that: The communication chip uses an isolated RS485 transceiver, and the protection circuit consists of a bidirectional TVS diode and a PTC resettable fuse.

4. The intelligent inverter distribution cabinet based on RS485 communication interlocking according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protection circuit module (9) includes an overload fuse (5), a surge protector (6), and a leakage current protector (7).

5. The intelligent inverter distribution cabinet based on RS485 communication interlocking according to claim 4, characterized in that: The overload fuse (5) is located between the protocol box (2) and the inverter (3), the surge protector (6) is connected to the inverter (3), and the inverter (3) is connected to the power strip (8) through the leakage current protector (7).

6. The intelligent inverter distribution cabinet based on RS485 communication interlocking according to claim 2, characterized in that: After verifying that the communication protocol of the battery pack (4) is matched and the status is normal, the protocol box (2) controls the relay to close to supply power to the inverter (3).

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