Data center liquid cooling system based on double-plate heat exchanger

Abstract

The application provides a data center liquid cooling system based on a double-plate heat exchanger, comprising a refrigeration side plate heat exchanger, a cooling side plate heat exchanger, a CDU, a water pump and an intelligent control system. The system adopts a 2N configuration, realizes automatic switching of the refrigeration / cooling side plate through intelligent control, maximizes the use of natural cold sources and improves energy efficiency. The equipment is centrally arranged in the air cabinet room, which is physically isolated from the liquid cooling room, thereby improving space utilization. The system adopts a closed cycle design and is equipped with multiple safety protection measures, has high reliability, energy saving and efficiency, convenient maintenance and the like, and is particularly suitable for cooling requirements of high-density data centers.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of data center cooling equipment technology, specifically to a data center liquid cooling system based on a dual-plate heat exchanger, suitable for cabinet heat dissipation scenarios in high-density data centers. Background Technology

[0002] As data center power density continues to increase, traditional air-cooling systems are struggling to meet the heat dissipation demands of high-density server racks. Liquid cooling technology, due to its high-efficiency heat dissipation capabilities, is gradually becoming the mainstream solution. However, existing liquid cooling systems suffer from the following problems:

[0003] (1) There is a risk of unilateral cooling during system cutover, which affects the stability of data center operation.

[0004] (2) The energy utilization efficiency is not high, and the cooling method cannot be optimized according to the changes in ambient temperature in different seasons.

[0005] (3) The system has low integration, the equipment layout is scattered, and it occupies a large space. Utility Model Content

[0006] In view of the aforementioned problems, this application is made to provide a data center liquid cooling system based on a dual-plate heat exchanger that overcomes or at least partially solves the problems. The purpose of this invention is to overcome the structural defects of existing data center liquid cooling systems in terms of reliability, energy efficiency, space layout, and security protection, and to provide a data center liquid cooling system based on a dual-plate heat exchanger. Through a 2N redundancy structure, intelligent control structure, centralized layout structure, and multiple security protection structures, it achieves high-reliability system operation, maximizes the utilization of natural cold sources, improves space utilization, and controls security risks.

[0007] A data center liquid cooling system based on a dual-plate heat exchanger includes:

[0008] Refrigeration side-plate heat exchanger, cooling side-plate heat exchanger, CDU (cooling distribution unit), water pump and intelligent control system;

[0009] The outlets of the refrigeration side plate heat exchanger and the cooling side plate heat exchanger are connected by a ring pipe.

[0010] The output end of the loop pipe is connected to the input end of the water pump, the output end of the water pump is connected to the primary side input end of the CDU, and the primary side output end of the CDU is connected to the input end of the refrigeration side plate heat exchanger and the input end of the cooling side plate heat exchanger respectively, forming a closed loop.

[0011] The ring tube is made of stainless steel and has a nominal diameter of DN100.

[0012] Optionally, the intelligent control system includes:

[0013] Temperature acquisition module, logic judgment module, and execution control module;

[0014] The temperature acquisition module includes two PT100 temperature sensors, which are installed on the secondary side water supply pipeline and the secondary side water return pipeline of the CDU, respectively, to acquire the secondary side water supply temperature T2 and the secondary side water return temperature T3 of the CDU.

[0015] The logic judgment module is a PLC controller, which has a pre-stored superposition calculation program for the set temperature value T0 and the deviation temperature ΔT. It can compare the sum of the set temperature value T0 and the deviation temperature ΔT (T0+ΔT) with T2 and T3 respectively.

[0016] The execution control module includes two electric regulating valves, which are respectively installed at the water supply end of the refrigeration side plate heat exchanger and the water supply end of the cooling side plate heat exchanger. The execution control module is electrically connected to the logic judgment module and can adjust the opening degree of the two electric regulating valves according to the comparison result of the logic judgment module.

[0017] Optionally, the system employs a 2N redundancy configuration;

[0018] The rated heat exchange capacity of the refrigeration side plate heat exchanger is 400KW, and its inlet is adapted to a water temperature of 12℃ and its outlet is adapted to a water temperature of 18℃.

[0019] The rated heat exchange capacity of the cooling side plate heat exchanger is 400KW, and its inlet is suitable for a water temperature of 32℃ and its outlet is suitable for a water temperature of 37℃.

[0020] The water pump includes a main water pump and a standby water pump, which are connected in parallel between the ring pipe and the CDU. Both the main water pump and the standby water pump are equipped with an automatic switching controller, which can achieve seamless switching in case of failure.

[0021] Optionally, the execution control module further includes an audible and visual alarm device, which is electrically connected to the logic judgment module;

[0022] When the logic judgment module determines that (T0+ΔT)>max(T2,T3), and after the execution control module adjusts the electric regulating valve at the chilled water supply end to the fully closed state, (T0+ΔT) is still greater than max(T2,T3), and after the electric regulating valve at the cooling water supply end is further adjusted to the fully closed state, (T0+ΔT) is still greater than max(T2,T3), the logic judgment module sends a trigger signal to the audible and visual alarm device.

[0023] Optionally, both electrically operated regulating valves of the execution control module are equipped with opening degree detection sensors, and the opening degree detection sensors are electrically connected to the logic judgment module;

[0024] When the logic judgment module determines that (T0 + ΔT) < min(T2, T3), and after the execution control module adjusts the electric control valve at the cooling water supply end to the fully open state, (T0 + ΔT) is still less than min(T2, T3), then after continuing to adjust the electric control valve at the chilled water supply end to the fully open state, (T0 + ΔT) is still less than min(T2, T3), and then after reversely adjusting the electric control valve at the cooling water supply end to the fully closed state, (T0 + ΔT) is still less than min(T2, T3), the logic judgment module sends a trigger signal to the acoustic-optical alarm device.

[0025] Optionally, it further includes: an ambient temperature sensor;

[0026] The ambient temperature sensor is installed outside the air handling unit room and is electrically connected to the logic judgment module of the intelligent control system;

[0027] The logic judgment module prestores an electric control valve opening control program corresponding to the ambient temperature: when the ambient temperature ≥ 28°C, control the electric control valve at the supply end of the cooling side plate heat exchanger to maintain an opening of 10% - 20%, and control the electric control valve at the supply end of the chilled side plate heat exchanger to adjust the opening according to the temperature signal;

[0028] When 15°C < ambient temperature < 28°C, control the electric control valve at the supply end of the cooling side plate heat exchanger to maintain an opening of 70% - 90%, and control the electric control valve at the supply end of the chilled side plate heat exchanger to maintain an opening of 20% - 30%;

[0029] When the ambient temperature ≤ 15°C, control the electric control valve at the supply end of the chilled side plate heat exchanger to be fully closed, and control the electric control valve at the supply end of the cooling side plate heat exchanger to be fully open.

[0030] Optionally, it further includes a multiple safety protection component, and the multiple safety protection component specifically includes:

[0031] Filter component: including a 7-mesh coarse filter and a 50-mesh fine filter. The 7-mesh coarse filter is installed on the pipeline at the water pump input end, and the 50-mesh fine filter is respectively installed on the pipelines at the input ends of the chilled side plate heat exchanger and the cooling side plate heat exchanger, and pressure sensors are installed at the outlets of the coarse filter and the fine filter;

[0032] Water quality monitoring component: including a pH sensor and a conductivity sensor, both of which are installed on the loop pipe. The monitoring range of the pH sensor is 6.5 - 8.5, and the monitoring threshold of the conductivity sensor is ≤ 500 μS / cm;

[0033] Dual power supply components: including two independent 380VAC power supplies, an ATS automatic transfer switch and a system distribution box. The two power supplies are connected to different transformers respectively, and the ATS automatic transfer switch is connected in series between the two power supplies and the system distribution box.

[0034] Leakage prevention assembly: includes an interlocking ball valve and a leakage sensor. The interlocking ball valve is installed on the inlet and outlet pipes of the refrigeration side plate heat exchanger and the inlet and outlet pipes of the cooling side plate heat exchanger, respectively. The leakage sensor is installed on the ground below the double plate heat exchanger and is electrically connected to the interlocking ball valve.

[0035] Optionally, it may also include a fan room and a liquid cooling room;

[0036] The CDU, refrigeration side plate heat exchanger, cooling side plate heat exchanger, and water pump are all fixedly installed in the air handling unit room. A firewall is set between the air handling unit room and the liquid cooling room. The ring pipe and connecting pipe pass through the firewall through the DN125 through-wall sleeve, and the space between the through-wall sleeve and the pipe is filled with fireproof sealant.

[0037] Optionally, all pipelines in the closed-loop circulation system are made of 304 stainless steel.

[0038] The nominal diameter of the connecting pipe between the water pump and the CDU is DN100, and the nominal diameter of the connecting pipe between the CDU and the refrigeration side plate heat exchanger and the cooling side plate heat exchanger is also DN100.

[0039] Optionally, it also includes a fluid replenishment component;

[0040] The replenishment assembly includes a liquid storage tank, a replenishment pump, and a liquid level sensor. The liquid storage tank is fixedly installed in the air handling unit and stores purified water inside. The liquid level sensor is installed on the inner wall of the liquid storage tank to monitor the liquid level.

[0041] The input end of the replenishment pump is connected to the bottom of the storage tank, and the output end is connected to the loop pipe. The replenishment pump is also electrically connected to the conductivity sensor of the water quality monitoring component. When the conductivity sensor detects that the conductivity of the circulating water exceeds the standard, the replenishment pump will start automatically.

[0042] This application has the following advantages:

[0043] In the embodiments of this application, a refrigeration side-plate heat exchanger, a cooling side-plate heat exchanger, a CDU, a water pump, and an intelligent control system are used. The outlets of the refrigeration side-plate heat exchanger and the cooling side-plate heat exchanger are connected by a loop pipe. The output end of the loop pipe is connected to the input end of the water pump, and the output end of the water pump is connected to the primary input end of the CDU. The primary output end of the CDU is connected to the input ends of both the refrigeration and cooling side-plate heat exchangers, forming a closed-loop system. The system adopts a 2N configuration and achieves automatic switching between refrigeration and cooling side-plate heat exchangers through intelligent control, maximizing the use of natural cold sources and improving energy efficiency. The equipment is centrally located in the air handling unit room, physically isolated from the liquid cooling room, improving space utilization. The system adopts a closed-loop design, equipped with multiple safety protection measures, and has advantages such as high reliability, energy efficiency, and convenient maintenance, making it particularly suitable for the cooling needs of high-density data centers. Attached Figure Description

[0044] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the drawings used in the description of this application will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first part of a data center liquid cooling system based on a dual-plate heat exchanger, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the second part of a data center liquid cooling system based on a dual-plate heat exchanger, provided in one embodiment of this application;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the first part of the heat exchanger switching control logic diagram of a data center liquid cooling system based on a dual-plate heat exchanger, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0048] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the second part of the heat exchanger switching control logic diagram of a data center liquid cooling system based on a dual-plate heat exchanger, provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0049] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the equipment layout of a data center liquid cooling system based on a dual-plate heat exchanger, provided in one embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0050] To make the objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of this application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0051] Reference Figures 1 to 5 This application illustrates a data center liquid cooling system based on a dual-plate heat exchanger, comprising:

[0052] The system comprises a refrigeration side-plate heat exchanger, a cooling side-plate heat exchanger, a CDU (cooling distribution unit), a water pump, and an intelligent control system. The outlets of the refrigeration and cooling side-plate heat exchangers are connected via a loop pipe. The output end of the loop pipe is connected to the input end of the water pump, and the output end of the water pump is connected to the primary input end of the CDU. The primary output end of the CDU is connected to the input ends of both the refrigeration and cooling side-plate heat exchangers, forming a closed-loop circulation system. The loop pipe is made of stainless steel and has a nominal diameter of DN100. The system uses a 2N configuration and achieves automatic switching between refrigeration and cooling side-plate heat exchangers through intelligent control, maximizing the use of natural cooling sources and improving energy efficiency. The equipment is centrally located in the air handling unit room, physically isolated from the liquid cooling room, improving space utilization. The system adopts a closed-loop design, equipped with multiple safety protection measures, and features high reliability, energy efficiency, and convenient maintenance, making it particularly suitable for the cooling needs of high-density data centers. A highly efficient closed-loop liquid cooling structure with a double-plate heat exchanger as the core was established. The system strength and corrosion resistance are ensured by stainless steel ring pipe (DN100). The overall structure is compact and highly reliable.

[0053] Furthermore, the intelligent control system includes a temperature acquisition module, a logic judgment module, and an execution control module. The temperature acquisition module includes two PT100 temperature sensors, respectively installed on the CDU secondary side supply water pipeline and the CDU secondary side return water pipeline, for acquiring the CDU secondary side supply water temperature T2 and the CDU secondary side return water temperature T3. The logic judgment module is a PLC controller, pre-stored with a superposition calculation program for the set temperature value T0 and the deviation temperature ΔT, capable of comparing (T0+ΔT) with T2 and T3 respectively. The execution control module includes two electric regulating valves, respectively installed on the supply end of the chilled side plate heat exchanger and the supply end of the cooling side plate heat exchanger. The execution control module is electrically connected to the logic judgment module and can adjust the opening degree of the two electric regulating valves according to the comparison result of the logic judgment module. By adopting an intelligent temperature control strategy, and linking the PT100 sensors with the PLC-controlled electric valves, precise temperature regulation is achieved, improving system responsiveness and energy efficiency.

[0054] The system adopts a 2N redundant configuration; the rated heat exchange capacity of the chilled side plate heat exchanger is 400KW, its water inlet is adapted to a water temperature of 12°C, and its water outlet is adapted to a water temperature of 18°C; the rated heat exchange capacity of the cooling side plate heat exchanger is 400KW, its water inlet is adapted to a water temperature of 32°C, and its water outlet is adapted to a water temperature of 37°C; the water pump includes a main water pump and a standby water pump, which are connected in parallel between the annular pipe and the CDU, and both the main water pump and the standby water pump are equipped with an automatic switching controller, which can achieve seamless switching during a fault.

[0055] Through the 2N redundant design and the automatic switching of the main and standby water pumps, the system availability and fault tolerance are significantly enhanced, meeting the high reliability requirements of the data center.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present application, the execution control module further includes an audible and visual alarm device, and the audible and visual alarm device is electrically connected to the logic judgment module; when the logic judgment module determines that (T0 + ΔT) > max(T2, T3), and after the execution control module adjusts the electric control valve at the chilled water supply end to the fully closed state, (T0 + ΔT) is still greater than max(T2, T3), and after continuing to adjust the electric control valve at the cooling water supply end to the fully closed state, (T0 + ΔT) is still greater than max(T2, T3), the logic judgment module sends a trigger signal to the audible and visual alarm device. By setting a multi-stage valve closing protection and an audible and visual alarm mechanism, an alarm is given in a timely manner in the case of extreme overheating, avoiding equipment overheating damage and improving the system safety.

[0057] Both of the electric control valves of the above-mentioned execution control module are equipped with opening detection sensors, and the opening detection sensors are electrically connected to the logic judgment module; when the logic judgment module determines that (T0 + ΔT) < min(T2, T3), and after the execution control module adjusts the electric control valve at the cooling water supply end to the fully open state, (T0 + ΔT) is still less than min(T2, T3), and after continuing to adjust the electric control valve at the chilled water supply end to the fully open state, (T0 + ΔT) is still less than min(T2, T3), and then after reversing and adjusting the electric control valve at the cooling water supply end to the fully closed state, (T0 + ΔT) is still less than min(T2, T3), the logic judgment module sends a trigger signal to the audible and visual alarm device. Through the opening sensor and the multi-stage valve control strategy, intelligent adjustment and alarm triggering are carried out during abnormal low temperature to prevent excessive cooling and energy waste.

[0058] The system further includes an ambient temperature sensor, installed on the outside of the air handling unit and electrically connected to the logic judgment module of the intelligent control system. The logic judgment module has a pre-stored program for controlling the opening of the electric regulating valves corresponding to the ambient temperature: when the ambient temperature is ≥28℃, the electric regulating valve at the water supply end of the cooling side plate heat exchanger is controlled to maintain an opening of 10%-20%, and the electric regulating valve at the water supply end of the refrigeration side plate heat exchanger is controlled to adjust its opening according to the temperature signal; when 15℃ < ambient temperature < 28℃, the electric regulating valve at the water supply end of the cooling side plate heat exchanger is controlled to maintain an opening of 70%-90%, and the electric regulating valve at the water supply end of the refrigeration side plate heat exchanger is controlled to maintain an opening of 20%-30%; when the ambient temperature is ≤15℃, the electric regulating valve at the water supply end of the refrigeration side plate heat exchanger is controlled to be completely closed, and the electric regulating valve at the water supply end of the cooling side plate heat exchanger is controlled to be completely open. This introduces adaptive ambient temperature control, dynamically optimizing the cold source allocation according to different climatic conditions, significantly reducing system energy consumption.

[0059] Furthermore, it also includes multiple security protection components, specifically including the following components:

[0060] Filtration assembly: includes a 7-mesh coarse filter and a 50-mesh fine filter. The 7-mesh coarse filter is installed on the pipeline at the water pump inlet, and the 50-mesh fine filter is installed on the pipelines at the inlet of the refrigeration side plate heat exchanger and the inlet of the cooling side plate heat exchanger, respectively. Pressure sensors are installed at the outlets of both the coarse and fine filters.

[0061] Water quality monitoring components: including a pH sensor and a conductivity sensor, both of which are installed on the loop pipe. The pH sensor has a monitoring range of 6.5-8.5, and the conductivity sensor has a monitoring threshold of ≤500μS / cm.

[0062] Dual power supply components: including two independent 380VAC power supplies, an ATS automatic transfer switch and a system distribution box. The two power supplies are connected to different transformers respectively, and the ATS automatic transfer switch is connected in series between the two power supplies and the system distribution box.

[0063] Leakage prevention assembly: includes an interlocking ball valve and a leakage sensor. The interlocking ball valve is installed on the inlet and outlet pipes of the refrigeration side plate heat exchanger and the cooling side plate heat exchanger, respectively. The leakage sensor is installed on the ground below the double plate heat exchanger and is electrically connected to the interlocking ball valve. This prevents leakage.

[0064] By integrating multiple protection components such as filtration, water quality monitoring, and dual-electric leak prevention, the system's cleanliness, stability, and safety are comprehensively improved.

[0065] Furthermore, it also includes a fan handling room and a liquid cooling room; the CDU, refrigeration side-plate heat exchanger, cooling side-plate heat exchanger, and water pump are all fixedly installed in the fan handling room. A firewall is installed between the fan handling room and the liquid cooling room. The ring pipe and connecting pipes pass through the firewall through DN125 through-wall sleeves, and the space between the through-wall sleeves and the pipes is filled with fire-retardant sealant. Through the independent arrangement of the fan handling room and the through-wall design of the firewall, physical security and fire resistance are enhanced, complying with data center computer room specifications.

[0066] All pipelines in the closed-loop circulation system are made of 304 stainless steel. The nominal diameter of the connecting pipeline between the water pump and the CDU is DN100, and the nominal diameter of the connecting pipeline between the CDU and the refrigeration side plate heat exchanger and the cooling side plate heat exchanger is also DN100.

[0067] Furthermore, the entire system uses 304 stainless steel pipes, which are corrosion-resistant and have a long service life. The uniform pipe diameter (DN100) design simplifies engineering implementation and maintenance.

[0068] In some embodiments of this application, a replenishment component is also included; the replenishment component includes a storage tank, a replenishment pump, and a level sensor. The storage tank is fixedly installed in the air handling unit and stores purified water inside. The level sensor is installed on the inner wall of the storage tank for monitoring the liquid level. The input end of the replenishment pump is connected to the bottom of the storage tank, and the output end is connected to the loop pipe. The replenishment pump is also electrically connected to the conductivity sensor of the water quality monitoring component. When the conductivity sensor detects that the conductivity of the circulating water exceeds the standard, the replenishment pump starts automatically.

[0069] By equipping the system with automatic liquid replenishment and water quality linkage control, the conductivity of the circulating water is ensured to remain stable, maintaining the long-term efficient operation of the system.

[0070] As an example, the core technical solution of the data center liquid cooling system based on a double-plate heat exchanger provided by this utility model lies in the product structure design, as detailed below:

[0071] The system features a closed-loop design with core components including a double-plate heat exchanger module, a CDU (cooling unit), a water pump module, and an intelligent control system. All components are connected via 304 stainless steel piping.

[0072] Dual-plate heat exchanger module: It consists of a refrigeration side plate heat exchanger (400KW, 12℃ / 18℃ inlet / outlet water) and a cooling side plate heat exchanger (400KW, 32℃ / 37℃ inlet / outlet water) configured in 2N configuration. The outlets of the two heat exchangers are connected by a DN100 stainless steel ring pipe to ensure stable cold source output.

[0073] Water pump module: adopts a parallel structure with one main pump and one backup pump (model ISG80-160, flow rate 50m³ / h). 3 / h, head 32m), installed between the loop pipe and CDU, when the main pump fails, the standby pump is switched within 3 seconds by the automatic switching controller to avoid cooling interruption;

[0074] Closed loop: The output end of the loop pipe is connected to the water pump, the output end of the water pump is connected to the primary side input end of the CDU, and the primary side output end of the CDU is split into two paths and connected to the input ends of two plate heat exchangers, forming a closed loop, which effectively reduces cooling loss.

[0075] The intelligent control system adopts a "data acquisition-judgment-execution" design, with the core being the connection and configuration of hardware components.

[0076] Data acquisition setup: PT100 temperature sensors are installed on the secondary side supply and return water pipelines of the CDU to collect water temperatures T2 and T3 in real time; an ambient temperature sensor is installed on the outside of the air handling unit to collect ambient temperature.

[0077] Judgment structure: A Siemens S7-1200 PLC controller (logic judgment module) is used, with a pre-stored temperature comparison program (comparing T0+ΔT with T2 and T3) and an ambient temperature linkage program.

[0078] Execution structure: Two plate heat exchanger water supply ends are respectively equipped with electric regulating valves (model VAF51.1). The PLC controller is electrically connected to the electric regulating valve drive motor and can output opening adjustment signals. At the same time, an audible and visual alarm device is configured and electrically connected to the PLC controller for alarm of abnormal working conditions.

[0079] The safety protection structure, through multiple layers of protection, covers dimensions such as filtration, water quality, power supply, and leak prevention:

[0080] The tiered filtration system consists of a 7-mesh coarse filter (filtering impurities ≥2mm) installed at the water pump inlet and a 50-mesh fine filter (filtering impurities ≥0.3mm) installed at the plate heat exchanger inlet. Pressure sensors are installed at the outlets of both filters (to monitor for blockages).

[0081] Water quality monitoring structure: pH sensor (6.5-8.5) and conductivity sensor (≤500μS / cm) are installed on the loop pipe to monitor the status of circulating water in real time;

[0082] Dual power supply configuration: It adopts two independent 380VAC power supplies (from different transformers), which are connected to the system distribution box through an ATS automatic transfer switch, and switch within 0.5 seconds in the event of a power failure;

[0083] Leakage prevention design: Interlocking ball valves are installed at the inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger, and a leakage sensor is installed below the heat exchanger. When leakage occurs, the sensor triggers the ball valve to close and simultaneously issues an alarm.

[0084] The spatial layout adopts a "centralized arrangement + physical isolation" structure: equipment such as CDU, double plate heat exchanger, water pump, and liquid storage tank are all fixedly installed in the air handling unit (10m long × 5m wide). The air handling unit and the liquid cooling room are isolated by a 240mm thick firewall. The system pipeline passes through the firewall through three DN125 through-wall sleeves, and the sleeves and pipelines are filled with fireproof sealant (fire resistance rating ≥ 3 hours). Only the cabinets are arranged in the liquid cooling room to improve space utilization.

[0085] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model based on structural design are as follows:

[0086] Improved reliability: The 2N redundancy structure covers heat exchangers and water pumps, with a master-slave switching time of ≤3 seconds, eliminating the risk of single-sided cooling, and a system mean time between failures (MTBF) of ≥8000 hours, meeting the requirements for uninterrupted operation of the data center throughout the year;

[0087] Improved energy efficiency: Through the linkage between the ambient temperature sensor and the PLC, the system fully utilizes natural cooling sources in winter and optimizes chilled water consumption in summer, reducing the annual PUE to 1.05-1.2, saving 20%-30% energy compared to traditional systems.

[0088] Improved space utilization: The equipment is centrally located in the air handling unit, increasing the space utilization of the liquid cooling room by more than 30%, and maintenance work is carried out in the air handling unit without interfering with server operation;

[0089] Enhanced safety: The multi-stage filtration and water quality monitoring system prevents pipe blockage and equipment corrosion, while the dual power supply and leak-proof linkage system eliminates the risk of power outages and leaks, reducing the probability of system failure.

[0090] Improved ease of maintenance: Equipment spacing is ≥1.5m, filters can be replaced online, and pipelines use standardized nominal diameters (DN100 / DN125), reducing maintenance time by 50%.

[0091] In one example, the overall system architecture is implemented as follows: Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the system structure diagram, the data center liquid cooling system based on a dual-plate heat exchanger in this embodiment is specifically constructed as follows:

[0092] Double-plate heat exchanger module: 2 refrigeration side plate heat exchangers (model BR05-400, dimensions 1200mm×800mm×600mm) and 2 cooling side plate heat exchangers (same model), all fixed to the ground on the south side of the air handling unit room with expansion bolts (0.8m distance from the wall and 1.5m distance between equipment); the outlet of each heat exchanger is welded with a DN100 stainless steel short pipe, which is connected to a DN100 stainless steel ring pipe through a flange. The ring pipe is laid along the wall of the air handling unit room at a height of 1.2m from the ground;

[0093] Water pump module: 1 main water pump and 1 standby water pump (both ISG80-160 type, size 500mm×300mm×400mm), installed in parallel on the ground on the north side of the air handling unit room. The water pump input end is connected to the ring pipe through a DN100 stainless steel pipe, and the output end is connected to the CDU after merging through a DN100 stainless steel pipe. An automatic switching controller (model AQX-200) is installed on the top of the water pump, and the controller is electrically connected to the water pump motor through a wire.

[0094] CDU: Two CDUs (model LCU-800, dimensions 1800mm×800mm×1600mm) are vertically fixed to the ground in the middle of the air handling unit room (1.5m apart). The primary side input of the CDU is connected to the water pump output via a DN100 stainless steel pipe. The primary side output is connected to the input of the refrigeration side plate heat exchanger and the cooling side plate heat exchanger via two DN100 stainless steel pipes respectively. The secondary side output of the CDU passes through the firewall via a DN100 stainless steel pipe and is connected to 16 high-density cabinets (50kW / cabinet) in the liquid cooling room.

[0095] Intelligent control system: PLC controller (Siemens S7-1200, installed in the distribution box of the air handling unit) is connected to PT100 temperature sensors (2, respectively tied to the supply and return water pipes on the secondary side of CDU), ambient temperature sensor (1, fixed on the outer wall of the air handling unit), electric regulating valves (2, respectively installed on the supply water pipes of the chilled plate heat exchanger and the cooling plate heat exchanger), and audible and visual alarm device (1, fixed on the top of the air handling unit) via shielded wires;

[0096] The above-mentioned intelligent control structure and implementation, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in the control logic diagram for switching between refrigeration and cooling plate heat exchangers, the linkage relationships of the intelligent control system are as follows:

[0097] Parameter configuration: The PLC controller has pre-stored T0 = 22℃ and ΔT = ±2℃, which means the target temperature range is 20℃-24℃; the temperature sensor sends a temperature signal to the PLC every 10 seconds.

[0098] Temperature anomaly linkage: When the PLC receives signals T2 and T3 and calculates max(T2,T3)>24℃, the PLC sends a "reduce opening" signal to the drive motor of the electric regulating valve at the chilled plate heat exchanger water supply end (reducing by 5% each time, with an interval of 30 seconds), and simultaneously obtains the valve status through the opening detection sensor; if the temperature still exceeds the standard after the valve is fully closed, the PLC sends a "reduce opening" signal to the electric regulating valve of the chilled plate heat exchanger; if the chilled plate heat exchanger valve is also fully closed, the PLC sends a "trigger" signal to the audible and visual alarm device;

[0099] Seasonal mode linkage: When the ambient temperature sensor detects a temperature ≥28℃, the PLC controls the cooling plate electric regulating valve to maintain a 15% opening, and the freezing plate electric regulating valve adjusts according to the temperature signal; when 15℃ < ambient temperature < 28℃, the PLC controls the cooling plate electric regulating valve to maintain an 80% opening, and the freezing plate electric regulating valve to maintain a 25% opening; when the ambient temperature ≤15℃, the PLC controls the freezing plate electric regulating valve to be completely closed, and the cooling plate electric regulating valve to be completely open.

[0100] The aforementioned safety protection structure and filtration and water quality monitoring structure specifically include: a 7-mesh coarse filter (model SY-100, material 304 stainless steel, size 300mm×200mm) installed on the water pump inlet pipeline via a flange; a pressure sensor (range 0-1MPa, model PTG501) welded to the filter outlet; the sensor is connected to the PLC via a wire; when the pressure difference is ≥0.1MPa, the PLC triggers a filter cleaning alarm.

[0101] A 50-mesh fine filter (model SY-100-50, same material and size) is installed on the inlet pipeline of the refrigeration plate heat exchanger and the cooling plate heat exchanger via a flange. A pressure sensor is also installed at the outlet (alarm when the pressure difference is ≥0.05MPa).

[0102] The pH sensor (model PHG-200) and conductivity sensor (model TDS-100) are installed in the middle of the ring tube via threaded interfaces. The sensor outputs are connected to the PLC via wires. When the conductivity is >500μS / cm, the PLC sends a "start" signal to the replenishment pump.

[0103] The aforementioned dual-power supply configuration includes: two 380VAC power supplies are drawn from the data center's No. 1 transformer (1000kVA) and No. 2 transformer (1000kVA) respectively, and connected to the ATS automatic transfer switch (model ATS-630, size 400mm×300mm×200mm) in the ventilation cabinet room; the ATS output is connected to the system distribution box (size 600mm×800mm×1000mm), which is equipped with circuit breakers, contactors and other components to supply power to equipment such as PLCs, water pumps, and electric valves; when one power supply fails, the ATS switches to the other power supply within 0.5 seconds.

[0104] The aforementioned leak-proof structure includes: an interlocking ball valve (model Q41F-16P, DN100, 304 stainless steel) installed via flange on the inlet and outlet pipelines of the refrigeration and cooling heat exchangers; the electromagnetic drive component of the ball valve is connected to the PLC via a wire; a leak sensor (model RS-485, monitoring range 1㎡) is fixed to the ground below each heat exchanger with screws; the sensor output is connected to the PLC via a wire; when the sensor detects a leak (resistance value <100Ω), the PLC immediately sends a "close" signal to the corresponding heat exchanger's inlet and outlet interlocking ball valve, and simultaneously triggers an audible and visual alarm.

[0105] This application describes a data center liquid cooling system based on a dual-plate heat exchanger, the specific layout and construction of which can be as follows: Figure 5 As shown in the equipment layout plan, the air handling unit room (50㎡, 10m long × 5m wide) is adjacent to the liquid cooling room (100㎡, 20m long × 5m wide), and a 240mm thick fire wall (fire resistance rating of 3 hours) is set between the two.

[0106] Equipment layout inside the air handling unit: 2 refrigeration plate heat exchangers and 2 cooling plate heat exchangers (spaced 1.5m apart) are installed along the south wall; 2 CDUs (spaced 1.5m apart) are installed in the middle; 2 water pumps (spaced 1m apart) are installed on the north side; and a liquid storage tank (500L capacity, 800mm×500mm×1200mm) and an emergency water supply inlet (DN50) are installed on the west side.

[0107] Pipeline penetration construction: Three DN125 wall sleeves (material 304 stainless steel, length 240mm) are pre-embedded in the firewall (0.5m spacing, 1.2m height from the ground). After the system pipelines pass through the sleeves, fireproof sealant (model FSJ-200) is filled between the sleeves and the pipelines to ensure fireproof sealing.

[0108] The above system debugging and maintenance includes (1) the debugging process, specifically, pipeline flushing: inject purified water into the closed loop and start the water pump (flow rate 50m). 3 (flush for 24 hours until the turbidity of the filter outlet water is ≤5 NTU); Pressure test: close all electric valves, fill the loop with water to 0.8 MPa, maintain the pressure for 24 hours, and the pressure drop is ≤0.02 MPa to be qualified; Structural linkage test: simulate ambient temperatures of 28℃, 15℃, and 10℃, and check whether the opening degree of the electric valves conforms to the preset structural logic; simulate water pump failure and check whether the backup pump switching is normal; simulate leakage and check whether the interlock ball valve is closed.

[0109] (2) Routine maintenance: Check the filter pressure sensor data weekly and replace the filter element online when the differential pressure exceeds the limit (no need to stop the machine); check the liquid level of the storage tank monthly (by liquid level sensor) and add purified water to the level ≥80%; manually operate the interlock ball valve quarterly to check the switching flexibility; test the linkage function between the leakage sensor and the ball valve; lubricate the water pump bearing every six months and check the motor operating current (by the ammeter in the distribution box, ≤90% of the rated current).

[0110] The data center liquid cooling system based on a dual-plate heat exchanger in this embodiment, through the above-described structural design, can stably meet the cooling requirements of 16 50kW high-density server racks. It has the advantages of high reliability, energy efficiency, safety and convenience, and is suitable for high-density data center scenarios such as cloud computing and supercomputing centers.

[0111] Although preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art, upon learning the basic inventive concept, can make other changes and modifications to these embodiments. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments as well as all changes and modifications falling within the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0112] Finally, it should be noted that in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or terminal device that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or terminal device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or terminal device that includes said element.

[0113] The above provides a detailed description of a data center liquid cooling system based on a dual-plate heat exchanger provided in this application. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core ideas of this application. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. A data center liquid cooling system based on a dual-plate heat exchanger, characterized in that, include: Refrigeration side-plate heat exchanger, cooling side-plate heat exchanger, CDU, water pump and intelligent control system; The outlets of the refrigeration side plate heat exchanger and the cooling side plate heat exchanger are connected by a ring pipe. The output end of the loop pipe is connected to the input end of the water pump, the output end of the water pump is connected to the primary input end of the CDU, and the primary output end of the CDU is connected to the input end of the refrigeration side plate heat exchanger and the input end of the cooling side plate heat exchanger, respectively, forming a closed loop.

2. The data center liquid cooling system based on a dual-plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent control system includes: Temperature acquisition module, logic judgment module, and execution control module; The temperature acquisition module includes two PT100 temperature sensors, which are installed on the secondary side water supply pipeline and the secondary side water return pipeline of the CDU, respectively, to acquire the secondary side water supply temperature T2 and the secondary side water return temperature T3 of the CDU. The logic judgment module is a PLC controller, which has a pre-stored superposition calculation program for the set temperature value T0 and the deviation temperature ΔT. It can compare the sum of the set temperature value T0 and the deviation temperature ΔT with the CDU secondary side supply water temperature T2 and the CDU secondary side return water temperature T3, respectively. The execution control module includes two electric regulating valves, which are respectively installed at the water supply end of the refrigeration side plate heat exchanger and the water supply end of the cooling side plate heat exchanger. The execution control module is electrically connected to the logic judgment module and can adjust the opening degree of the two electric regulating valves according to the comparison result of the logic judgment module.

3. The data center liquid cooling system based on a dual-plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system employs a 2N redundancy configuration; The rated heat exchange capacity of the refrigeration side plate heat exchanger is 400KW, and its inlet is adapted to a water temperature of 12℃ and its outlet is adapted to a water temperature of 18℃. The rated heat exchange capacity of the cooling side plate heat exchanger is 400KW, and its inlet is suitable for a water temperature of 32℃ and its outlet is suitable for a water temperature of 37℃. The water pump includes a main water pump and a standby water pump, which are connected in parallel between the ring pipe and the CDU. Both the main water pump and the standby water pump are equipped with an automatic switching controller, which can achieve seamless switching in case of failure.

4. The data center liquid cooling system based on a dual-plate heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that, The execution control module also includes an audible and visual alarm device, which is electrically connected to the logic judgment module; When the logic judgment module determines that the sum of the set temperature value T0 and the deviation temperature ΔT is greater than the larger of the CDU secondary side supply water temperature T2 and the CDU secondary side return water temperature T3, and the execution control module adjusts the electric regulating valve at the chilled water supply end to the fully closed state, and further determines that the sum of the set temperature value T0 and the deviation temperature ΔT is still greater than the larger value, and further adjusts the electric regulating valve at the cooling water supply end to the fully closed state, and the sum of the set temperature value T0 and the deviation temperature ΔT is still greater than the larger value, the logic judgment module sends a trigger signal to the audible and visual alarm device.

5. The data center liquid cooling system based on a dual-plate heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both electric regulating valves of the execution control module are equipped with opening degree detection sensors, and the opening degree detection sensors are electrically connected to the logic judgment module; When the logic judgment module determines that the sum of the set temperature value T0 and the deviation temperature ΔT is less than the smaller of the CDU secondary side supply water temperature T2 and the CDU secondary side return water temperature T3, and after the execution control module adjusts the electric regulating valve at the cooling water supply end to the fully open state, the sum of the set temperature value T0 and the deviation temperature ΔT is still less than the smaller value, and after the electric regulating valve at the chilled water supply end is adjusted to the fully open state again, the sum of the set temperature value T0 and the deviation temperature ΔT is still less than the smaller value, and then the electric regulating valve at the cooling water supply end is adjusted to the fully closed state again, the sum of the set temperature value T0 and the deviation temperature ΔT is still less than the smaller value, the logic judgment module sends a trigger signal to the audible and visual alarm device.

6. The data center liquid cooling system based on a dual-plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: Ambient temperature sensor; The ambient temperature sensor is installed on the outside of the air handling unit and is electrically connected to the logic judgment module of the intelligent control system. The logic judgment module has a pre-stored electric regulating valve opening control program corresponding to the ambient temperature: when the ambient temperature is ≥28℃, the electric regulating valve at the water supply end of the cooling side plate heat exchanger is controlled to maintain an opening of 10%-20%, and the electric regulating valve at the water supply end of the refrigeration side plate heat exchanger is controlled to adjust the opening according to the temperature signal. When 15℃ < ambient temperature < 28℃, the electric regulating valve at the water supply end of the cooling side plate heat exchanger is controlled to maintain an opening of 70%-90%, and the electric regulating valve at the water supply end of the refrigeration side plate heat exchanger is controlled to maintain an opening of 20%-30%. When the ambient temperature is ≤15℃, the electric regulating valve at the water supply end of the refrigeration side plate heat exchanger is completely closed, and the electric regulating valve at the water supply end of the cooling side plate heat exchanger is completely opened.

7. The data center liquid cooling system based on a dual-plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes multiple security protection components, which specifically include: Filtration assembly: includes a 7-mesh coarse filter and a 50-mesh fine filter. The 7-mesh coarse filter is installed on the pipeline at the water pump inlet, and the 50-mesh fine filter is installed on the pipelines at the inlet of the refrigeration side plate heat exchanger and the inlet of the cooling side plate heat exchanger, respectively. Pressure sensors are installed at the outlets of both the coarse and fine filters. Water quality monitoring components: including a pH sensor and a conductivity sensor, both of which are installed on the loop pipe. The pH sensor has a monitoring range of 6.5-8.5, and the conductivity sensor has a monitoring threshold of ≤500μS / cm. Dual power supply components: including two independent 380VAC power supplies, an ATS automatic transfer switch and a system distribution box. The two power supplies are connected to different transformers respectively, and the ATS automatic transfer switch is connected in series between the two power supplies and the system distribution box. Leakage prevention assembly: includes an interlocking ball valve and a leakage sensor. The interlocking ball valve is installed on the inlet and outlet pipes of the refrigeration side plate heat exchanger and the inlet and outlet pipes of the cooling side plate heat exchanger, respectively. The leakage sensor is installed on the ground below the double plate heat exchanger and is electrically connected to the interlocking ball valve.

8. The data center liquid cooling system based on a dual-plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes air handling unit rooms and liquid cooling unit rooms; The CDU, refrigeration side plate heat exchanger, cooling side plate heat exchanger, and water pump are all fixedly installed in the air handling unit room. A firewall is set between the air handling unit room and the liquid cooling room. The ring pipe and connecting pipe pass through the firewall through the DN125 through-wall sleeve, and the space between the through-wall sleeve and the pipe is filled with fireproof sealant.

9. The data center liquid cooling system based on a dual-plate heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that, All pipelines in the closed-loop circulation system are made of 304 stainless steel. The nominal diameter of the connecting pipe between the water pump and the CDU is DN100, and the nominal diameter of the connecting pipe between the CDU and the refrigeration side plate heat exchanger and the cooling side plate heat exchanger is also DN100.

10. The data center liquid cooling system based on a dual-plate heat exchanger according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a fluid replenishment component; The replenishment assembly includes a liquid storage tank, a replenishment pump, and a liquid level sensor. The liquid storage tank is fixedly installed in the air handling unit and stores purified water inside. The liquid level sensor is installed on the inner wall of the liquid storage tank to monitor the liquid level. The input end of the replenishment pump is connected to the bottom of the storage tank, and the output end is connected to the loop pipe. The replenishment pump is also electrically connected to the conductivity sensor of the water quality monitoring component. When the conductivity sensor detects that the conductivity of the circulating water exceeds the standard, the replenishment pump will start automatically.

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