Hopper screening structure and screening hopper

Abstract

This utility model relates to a hopper screening structure and a screening hopper, belonging to the field of material screening technology. The technical solution includes a hopper, a rotating shaft, and a screening plate. The hopper is provided with a material bin, a conical bin, and a discharge pipe from top to bottom. The rotating shaft is provided with a radial brush rod with bristles in the middle and an axial extension with a scraper at the bottom. The screening plate is an annular structure with screen holes, its outer edge is fixed to the inner wall of the hopper, and its inner edge is supported by the rotating shaft. The bristles contact the upper surface of the screening plate, and the scraper is adapted to the inner wall of the conical bin and supports the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft is driven to rotate by a drive mechanism to realize dynamic screening of materials and smooth discharge. It is mainly used to improve screening efficiency and reduce manual intervention.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of material screening, specifically to a hopper screening structure and a screening hopper. Background Technology

[0002] Chinese patent document CN210333349U, published on April 17, 2020, discloses a sample-distributing sieve base for facilitating the collection of small amounts of samples. This sieve base has a sample outlet at the bottom of its main body, which is closed or opened using a sealing plug to control the material discharge process. However, the technical solution adopted in this patent still has the following shortcomings:

[0003] First, the method relies on operators using a small brush to guide the sample to the outlet. During this operation, the operator's hands are very likely to come into direct contact with the sample. This may not only introduce external contaminants, but also significantly increase the operational risk when handling special samples that are toxic, irritating, or corrosive, posing a potential threat to the health and safety of the operators.

[0004] Secondly, the sieve is essentially a static filtration method, where materials are mainly separated by their own weight as they pass through the sieve screen. However, when the sieve is overloaded, the material tends to accumulate on the screen, leading to poor material flow and reduced sieving efficiency. At the same time, samples with high moisture content or a certain degree of viscosity are prone to clogging, further hindering material passage and thus weakening the reliability of the sieving process.

[0005] Finally, because this technical solution is highly dependent on manual operation and the screening method is static screening, its efficiency is limited when processing large quantities of materials, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale production, thus restricting the application of this structure in industrial production. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a hopper screening structure and screening hopper, which utilizes the radial brush rod set in the middle of the rotating shaft and the scraper of the bottom extension to work in conjunction with the annular screening plate to achieve material screening and guide discharge, thereby solving the problems of existing technologies such as reliance on manual brushing, low screening efficiency, easy material blockage, and pollution or safety risks during operation, thus improving screening efficiency, reducing manual intervention, and reducing operational risks.

[0007] To achieve the aforementioned objectives, the technical solution adopted by this utility model is as follows:

[0008] A hopper screening structure includes a hopper, a rotating shaft, and a screening plate;

[0009] The hopper comprises, from top to bottom, a material bin, a conical bin, and a discharge pipe;

[0010] The rotating shaft has several radially extending brush rods in the middle and multiple axially extending extensions at the bottom.

[0011] The screening plate is a ring structure with several screen holes on its surface. Its outer edge is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hopper, and its inner edge is supported on the outer periphery of the middle part of the rotating shaft.

[0012] Each of the brush rods is provided with downwardly extending bristles that contact the upper surface of the screening plate; a scraper is connected to the outer side of the extension, and the bottom surface of each scraper together forms a sliding surface adapted to the inner wall of the conical hopper; the rotating shaft is rotatably supported in the hopper by the scraper.

[0013] Preferably, the inner and outer edges of the screening plate are respectively provided with reinforcing rings, and the lower plate surface is provided with a plurality of reinforcing plates connecting its inner and outer edges.

[0014] Preferably, the inner end of the brush rod is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and the lower surface of the outer end is supported on a step provided on the inner wall of the material bin.

[0015] Preferably, the guide surface of the scraper is an arc-shaped curved surface, which facilitates guiding the material in the conical bin into the discharge pipe.

[0016] Preferably, the rotating shaft has a small diameter section, the inner edge of the screening plate is supported on the small diameter section of the rotating shaft, and cooperates with the steps at both ends of the small diameter section of the rotating shaft to form an axial limit;

[0017] The brush rod is connected above the small diameter section of the rotating shaft.

[0018] Preferably, the angle between the generatrix of the conical chamber and the axis of the rotating shaft is 10-20°.

[0019] A screening hopper includes the above-described hopper screening structure and a driving mechanism;

[0020] The drive mechanism includes a frame and a driver mounted on the frame. The output shaft of the driver is connected to the rotating shaft for driving the rotating shaft to rotate circumferentially.

[0021] Preferably, the bottom end of the output shaft of the driver is connected to a sleeve with an opening facing downwards, the upper part of the rotating shaft is circumferentially connected inside the sleeve, and an elastic mechanism is provided between the top end of the rotating shaft and the bottom of the sleeve, the elastic mechanism applying a downward elastic force to the rotating shaft.

[0022] Preferably, the upper part of the rotating shaft is engaged with the sleeve via a spline, so that the rotating shaft and the sleeve are circumferentially connected and can move axially.

[0023] Preferably, the elastic mechanism is a compression spring or a disc spring.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0025] 1. Improves screening efficiency and effectively prevents material accumulation and blockage:

[0026] The rotation of the rotating shaft drives the radial brush rod in the middle and the scraper at the bottom extension to work together. The bristles on the brush rod continuously agitate the material on the screening plate, promoting the passage of fine materials through the screen holes and preventing static accumulation of materials. At the same time, the scraper rotates in the conical chamber, guiding the material flow to the discharge pipe and reducing the risk of blockage. This dynamic screening mechanism greatly improves the material throughput and screening speed, and is especially suitable for processing large batches of materials, meeting the needs of industrial production for efficient screening.

[0027] 2. Reduce human intervention, thereby lowering operational risks and the possibility of contamination;

[0028] The automated drive mechanism rotates the rotating shaft, enabling mechanized operation of the sieving process. This eliminates the need for operators to directly contact the samples with their hands, thereby reducing the introduction of external contaminants and significantly lowering the safety risks when handling toxic, irritating, or corrosive samples, thus improving the safety and hygiene of the operation. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this application;

[0031] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the screening plate in this application;

[0032] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the rotating shaft in this application;

[0033] Figure 4 for Figure 3 AA sectional view.

[0034] Wherein: 1-rotating shaft, 2-screening plate, 3-material bin, 4-conical bin, 5-discharge pipe, 6-brush rod, 7-extension, 8-brush bristles, 9-scraper, 10-reinforcing ring, 11-reinforcing plate, 12-step, 13-frame, 14-driver, 15-sleeve, 16-compression spring. Detailed Implementation

[0035] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0036] The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of this invention. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of this invention.

[0037] The embodiments of the utility model will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] See Figure 1 The hopper screening structure disclosed in this embodiment includes a hopper and a rotating shaft 1 and a screening plate 2 disposed inside the hopper;

[0040] The hopper consists of a material bin 3, a conical bin 4, and a discharge pipe 5 from top to bottom;

[0041] The material bin 3 is located at the top of the hopper and has a tubular structure. Its specific form can be a round tube, a square tube, or other polygonal tubes. A round tube is preferred to facilitate processing and manufacturing and ensure that the material is evenly distributed in the bin. The upper end of the material bin 3 is provided with a feeding opening through which the material can enter the hopper.

[0042] The conical bin 4 is connected below the material bin 3. Its inner wall gradually narrows from top to bottom, forming a constricted structure. It is used to collect and guide the material passing through the screening plate 2 to the discharge pipe 5 below. In this embodiment, the angle between the generatrix of the conical bin 4 and the axis of the rotating shaft 1 is 10-20°. This angle range design can, on the one hand, avoid the accumulation of material on the inner wall of the conical bin 4 due to the inclination angle being too small, and on the other hand, prevent the accumulation of material at the inlet of the discharge pipe 5 due to the inclination angle being too large, thereby optimizing the material flow efficiency.

[0043] The discharge pipe 5 is located at the bottom of the conical hopper 4 and has a tubular structure for smooth discharge of materials. Its length and cross-sectional dimensions can be adjusted according to the conveying capacity and material flow rate of the downstream process. Optionally, a valve can be installed at the end or connected to a conveying pipeline to further control the discharge speed and flow rate.

[0044] The rotating shaft 1 has several radially extending brush rods 6 in the middle and multiple axially extending extensions 7 at the bottom.

[0045] The screening plate 2 has a ring-shaped structure with a number of screen holes evenly distributed on its surface. This allows materials with a particle size smaller than the screen hole size to fall into the conical bin 4, while blocking abnormal materials with an excessively large particle size, thus achieving screening. The outer edge of the screening plate 2 matches the cross-sectional shape of the inner wall of the hopper. In this embodiment, the outer edge of the screening plate 2 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hopper by welding. Alternatively, the outer edge of the screening plate 2 can also be fixed by snap-fit ​​or clamping ring structure to achieve a detachable fixed connection, which is convenient for later disassembly and maintenance. The inner edge of the screening plate 2 is supported on the outer circumferential surface of the middle part of the rotating shaft 1 for radial positioning of the rotating shaft 1.

[0046] It is worth mentioning that the materials applicable to this application have a basically consistent particle size under normal circumstances and can all pass smoothly through the sieve holes of the screening plate 2. Only when the material becomes abnormally large in particle size due to moisture, agglomeration or other abnormal conditions will it be blocked and screened out by the screening plate 2. It should be noted that if most of the material is visually large in particle size due to moisture or other reasons, it is not advisable to use the hopper screening structure disclosed in this application to process it, so as to avoid a large amount of large-particle material accumulating on the upper surface of the screening plate 2, thereby affecting the normal operation of the equipment.

[0047] Each brush rod 6 has downwardly extending bristles 8 at its lower end. The bristles 8 contact the upper surface of the screening plate 2. To ensure the structural strength of the bristles 8, the bristles 8 are preferably made of steel wire. When the rotating shaft 1 rotates, the brush rod 6 rotates circumferentially, causing the bristles 8 to perform relative sweeping motion on the upper surface of the screening plate 2. This continuously disturbs and cleans the material near the screen holes, preventing a large amount of material that should pass through the screen holes from accumulating on the screening plate 2, causing screen hole blockage or material flow obstruction, which in turn affects screening efficiency and normal operation of the equipment.

[0048] Each of the aforementioned extensions 7 is radially fixedly connected to a scraper 9 on its outer side. The bottom surface of each scraper 9 together forms a sliding surface that is adapted to the inner wall of the conical bin 4. That is, the scrapers 9 are arranged in a coordinated manner to form an umbrella-shaped structure, so that the material can flow smoothly to the discharge pipe 5 through the gap between adjacent extensions 7 during the rotation of the rotating shaft 1. A sliding pair is formed between the bottom surface of the scraper 9 and the inner wall of the conical bin 4. In order to ensure that the scraper 9 slides smoothly during the rotation, this embodiment provides a sliding bearing material of PTFE material at the bottom of the scraper 9 to reduce friction and improve wear resistance and service life.

[0049] With the above structure, the bottom of the rotating shaft 1 is supported on the inner surface of the conical bin 4 by the scraper 9, and its shaft body is supported in the inner edge of the screening plate 2, i.e., the inner hole, so as to achieve stable support of the rotating shaft 1 in the hopper; during the rotation of the rotating shaft 1, the brush rod 6 and the brush bristles 8 continuously disturb and clean the material on the screening plate 2, while the extension 7 and the scraper 9 guide the material that has passed through the screen hole, so that the material flows smoothly to the discharge pipe 5, thereby ensuring the continuity and stability of the screening and discharge process.

[0050] Example 2

[0051] See Figure 2 Based on the above embodiment 1, this embodiment aims to increase the stability and durability of the hopper screening structure;

[0052] The inner and outer edges of the screening plate 2 are respectively provided with reinforcing rings 10. The reinforcing ring of the inner edge can be made of PTFE material, thereby reducing the frictional resistance between the screening plate 2 and the rotating shaft 1. The screening plate 2 also has several reinforcing plates 11 evenly arranged on its lower panel to connect the inner and outer edges. These reinforcing rings 10 and reinforcing plates 11 can improve the overall rigidity of the screening plate 2 and prevent deformation when bearing heavy materials.

[0053] The inner end of each brush rod 6 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 1, and the lower surface of its outer end is supported on the step 12 set on the inner wall of the material bin 3. It is worth mentioning that when the material bin 3 adopts other tubular structures that are not circular tubes, the width of the step 12 should be matched with the length of the brush rod 6 to ensure that the brush rod 6 can be stably supported on the step 12 and to prevent the brush rod 6 from falling off the step or abutting against the wall of the material bin 3. In addition, the width and thickness of the brush rod 6 should not be too large, thereby increasing the running resistance, and the brush rod 6 should have extremely high rigidity to avoid large bending and breakage during operation.

[0054] To better guide the material into the discharge pipe 5, see optional reference. Figure 4 The scraper 9 has a blade-like structure, which can be understood as the shape of a fan blade. Its guiding surface is an arc-shaped curved surface, which facilitates the guidance of materials in the conical bin 4 into the discharge pipe 5, reducing the retention and accumulation of materials in the conical bin 4.

[0055] Example 3

[0056] See Figure 3 Based on the above embodiment 1, in order to prevent material from getting stuck in the gap between the scraper 9 and the screening plate 2 and causing structural damage;

[0057] The rotating shaft 1 has a small diameter section, and the inner edge of the screening plate 2 is supported on the small diameter section and cooperates with the steps at both ends of the small diameter section to form an axial limit. Through this design, the screening plate 2 can make a small axial movement on the rotating shaft 1. When the material enters the gap between the scraper 9 and the screening plate 2, the screening plate 2 can make a moderate axial adjustment accordingly, thereby avoiding the material being squeezed and causing structural damage. The brush rod 6 is connected above the small diameter section of the rotating shaft 1, and its lower end brush bristles 8 are in contact with the upper surface of the screening plate 2. When the rotating shaft 1 moves axially, the brush bristles 8 separate from the screening plate 2 at the same time.

[0058] Example 4

[0059] Based on the above embodiments 1 to 3, this embodiment discloses a screening hopper; in addition to the screening structure of any one of embodiments 1 to 3, the screening hopper also includes a drive mechanism, which enables the automated operation of the screening hopper;

[0060] The frame 13 is used to support the driver 14 and install it at or above the opening above the hopper, so that the output shaft of the driver 14 can extend into the hopper from top to bottom and be connected to the rotating shaft 1 for transmission, thereby driving the rotating shaft 1 to rotate circumferentially and realize the operation of the brush rod 6 and the scraper 9. In order to prevent the output shaft of the driver 14 from being subjected to excessive torque, a coupling can be set between the output shaft of the driver 14 and the rotating shaft 1 for transmission connection.

[0061] To facilitate reliable transmission between the rotating shaft 1 and the driver 14, and especially to prevent material from entering the gap between the scraper 9 and the screening plate 2, which would cause wear on the lower surface of the scraper 9 or the upper surface of the screening plate 2, a downward-opening sleeve 15 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the output shaft of the driver 14. The upper part of the rotating shaft 1 is embedded in the sleeve 15 and circumferentially connected to it. An elastic mechanism is provided between the top end of the rotating shaft 1 and the bottom of the sleeve 15. This elastic mechanism can apply a continuous downward elastic force to the rotating shaft 1, so that the rotating shaft 1 can maintain stable support during operation. At the same time, it allows axial buffer displacement when encountering impact loads or foreign object obstruction, preventing hard extrusion damage.

[0062] The upper part of the rotating shaft 1 is connected to the sleeve 15 via a spline, so that the rotating shaft 1 and the sleeve 15 can move axially while maintaining a reliable circumferential connection. The elastic mechanism can be a compression spring 16 or a disc spring, which applies a downward elastic force to the rotating shaft 1. While maintaining a circumferential connection with the rotating shaft 1, it allows the rotating shaft 1 to undergo axial buffer displacement to prevent hard damage caused by impact loads or foreign objects.

[0063] The above specific embodiments further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of the present invention. It should be understood that the above are merely specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hopper screening structure, characterized in that: It includes a hopper, a rotating shaft (1), and a screening plate (2); The hopper comprises, from top to bottom, a material bin (3), a conical bin (4), and a discharge pipe (5); The rotating shaft (1) has several radially extending brush rods (6) in the middle and several axially extending extensions (7) at the bottom. The screening plate (2) is a ring structure with several screen holes on its surface. Its outer edge is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the hopper, and its inner edge is supported on the outer periphery of the middle part of the rotating shaft (1). Each of the brush rods (6) is provided with downwardly extending bristles (8), which are in contact with the upper surface of the screening plate (2); a scraper (9) is connected to the outer side of the extension (7), and the bottom surface of each scraper (9) forms a sliding surface that is adapted to the inner wall of the conical bin (4). The rotating shaft (1) is rotatably supported in the hopper through the scraper (9).

2. The hopper screening structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner and outer edges of the screening plate (2) are respectively provided with reinforcing rings (10), and the lower plate surface is provided with several reinforcing plates (11) connecting its inner and outer edges.

3. The hopper screening structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The inner end of the brush rod (6) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (1), and the lower surface of the outer end is supported on the step (12) provided on the inner wall of the material bin (3).

4. The hopper screening structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The guide surface of the scraper (9) is an arc-shaped curved surface, which facilitates the guidance of the material in the conical bin (4) into the discharge pipe (5).

5. The hopper screening structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating shaft (1) has a small diameter section, and the inner edge of the screening plate (2) is supported on the small diameter section of the rotating shaft (1) and cooperates with the steps at both ends of the small diameter section of the rotating shaft (1) to form an axial limit. The brush rod (6) is connected above the small diameter section of the rotating shaft (1).

6. The hopper screening structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The angle between the generatrix of the conical chamber (4) and the axis of the rotating shaft (1) is 10-20°.

7. A screening hopper, characterized in that: The hopper screening structure as described in any one of claims 1-6 further includes a drive mechanism; The drive mechanism includes a frame (13) and a driver (14) mounted on the frame (13). The output shaft of the driver (14) is connected to the rotating shaft (1) for driving the rotating shaft (1) to rotate circumferentially.

8. The screening hopper as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom end of the output shaft of the driver (14) is connected to a sleeve (15) with the opening facing downwards. The upper part of the rotating shaft (1) is circumferentially connected inside the sleeve (15). An elastic mechanism is provided between the top end of the rotating shaft (1) and the bottom of the sleeve (15). The elastic mechanism applies a downward elastic force to the rotating shaft (1).

9. The screening hopper as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The upper part of the rotating shaft (1) is engaged with the sleeve (15) through a spline, so that the rotating shaft (1) and the sleeve (15) are circumferentially connected and can move axially.

10. The screening hopper as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The elastic mechanism is a compression spring (16) or a disc spring.

Images