Anode conductor for electrolytic aluminium

Abstract

This utility model relates to the field of aluminum electrolysis technology and provides an anode conductor for aluminum electrolysis, including a main guide rod and multiple claws connected by a current equalization assembly. The current equalization assembly includes a first conductor plate, a second conductor plate, and a connecting plate. The upper surfaces of the first and second conductor plates are connected, the lower surface of the second conductor plate is connected to the claws, and the upper and lower ends of the connecting plate are connected to the main guide rod and the first conductor plate, respectively. The connecting plate is a frustum-shaped thick plate. In this utility model, after the current comes down from the main guide rod, it can be evenly distributed to each claw through the current equalization assembly, so as to homogenize the horizontal current in the electrolytic cell, achieve the effect of current equalization, improve the practicality of the conductor for aluminum electrolysis, and at the same time, effectively maintain the dynamic balance of the electrolytic cell production system, reduce electrolysis costs, and thus improve electrolysis production efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of aluminum electrolysis technology, specifically to an anode conductor for aluminum electrolysis. Background Technology

[0002] In aluminum electrolysis, an anode carbon block is placed in an electrolytic cell and energized. The aluminum compounds in the electrolyte undergo a reduction reaction on the surface of the carbon block, producing molten aluminum. The anode carbon block is energized using forked steel claws connected to carbon cups on its surface, allowing current to flow along the claws. These claws are inserted into carbon cups at different positions on the anode carbon block, while the current is transmitted from the central guide rod. Therefore, the current distribution on the anode carbon block is uneven, with higher current near the central guide rod and lower current further away. This uneven current distribution has several consequences: firstly, it leads to uneven thermal stress on the anode carbon block, causing cracks and even breakage in areas of excessive thermal stress; secondly, it results in significant voltage drop differences between the various claws, increasing the wasted energy during electrolysis.

[0003] Therefore, current homogenization is an important research technique in aluminum electrolysis. For example, Chinese patent CN204874770U proposes arranging carbon cups on the anode carbon block side-by-side along the length of the anode, with the diameter of the carbon cups increasing progressively from the center of the anode to both sides. This increases the contact area between the steel claws and the anode carbon block at positions far from the center of the guide rod, thereby increasing the conductive area of ​​the steel claws and compensating for the drawbacks of the long distance from the center point, high resistance, and large voltage drop of the steel claws on both sides of the guide rod. However, while this method increases the conductive surface area, it also increases the diameter of the steel claws at the carbon cup connection points. Increased diameter corresponds to increased resistance, which in turn hinders current distribution to the steel claws. Therefore, the current homogenization effect of this scheme is not particularly outstanding.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides an anode conductor for electrolytic aluminum. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This utility model provides an anode conductor for electrolytic aluminum to solve the problem of insufficient current equalization during electrolysis in the prior art.

[0006] This utility model discloses an anode conductor for electrolytic aluminum, including a main guide rod and multiple claws connected by a current equalization assembly. The current equalization assembly includes a first conductor plate, a second conductor plate, and a connecting plate. The upper surfaces of the first conductor plate and the second conductor plate are connected, and the lower surface of the second conductor plate is connected to the claws. The upper and lower ends of the connecting plate are respectively connected to the main guide rod and the first conductor plate. The connecting plate is a frustum-shaped thick plate.

[0007] In this design, the current, after descending from the main guide rod, is evenly distributed to each claw head via a current sharing component. Specifically, the current sharing component includes a second conductor plate for connecting the claw heads, a first conductor plate positioned on top of the second conductor plate, and the first conductor plate connecting the connecting plate and the second conductor plate. The main guide rod is then connected to the upper end of the connecting plate. The key feature of this current sharing design is that the current on the main guide rod is distributed through the connecting plate and the second conductor plate before reaching the first conductor plate. Compared to existing structures that directly connect the main guide rod and the claw heads via a crossbar, this design significantly improves current sharing. Furthermore, the frustum-shaped thick plate structure of the connecting plate increases the current transmission surface area, expanding the current transmission from a circular surface at the beginning to a long, narrow surface, thus increasing the current contact area and broadening the current output, achieving the effect of current sharing.

[0008] Optionally, the flow equalization component further includes a stiffener, the two vertical surfaces of which are connected to the connecting plate and the first conductor plate respectively, and the axis of symmetry of the stiffener in the vertical direction is collinear with the central axis of the claw head.

[0009] In this design, the ribs further increase the contact area for distributing current from the connecting plate to the second conductor plate. Furthermore, the ribs are vertically aligned with the claws, allowing for guided and rapid current transmission to each claw when it reaches the ribs. Additionally, the ribs disperse potentially concentrated thermal stress on the connecting plate, preventing cracking due to stress concentration.

[0010] Optionally, the current equalization component is made of aluminum; the plurality of claw heads are evenly distributed along the length of the second conductor plate.

[0011] In this design, the aforementioned current sharing component is made of aluminum, which has a low resistivity, thus preventing excessive current loss. Additionally, in this design, multiple claws are evenly spaced along the length of the second conductor plate to even out the voltage drop between adjacent claws.

[0012] Optionally, the claw head is cylindrical, and the diameter of the claw head closer to the main guide rod is larger than the diameter of the claw head farther away from the main guide rod.

[0013] In this design, the claw head has a cylindrical structure, and the diameter of the claw head closer to the main rod is larger than the diameter of the claw head farther from the main rod. Because the diameters of the claw heads are different and their resistances are different, the larger the diameter, the greater the resistance. Setting the diameter of the claw head closer to the main rod to be larger than the diameter of the claw head farther from the main rod can force more current to flow to the claw head at the far end, so that the current on the entire current sharing component is more uniform in the same horizontal plane.

[0014] Optionally, the claw head has a cylindrical structure.

[0015] In this design, the cylindrical main structure, i.e., the non-solid cylindrical structure, can reduce the internal resistance of the claw while increasing the contact surface area between the claw and the anode carbon block. This reduces the current loss in the transmission to the claw and improves the energy utilization rate of the conductor.

[0016] Optionally, a connecting block is provided between the claws, the height of the connecting block being equal to the height of the claws, and the connecting block corresponding to the settling tank on the anode carbon block.

[0017] In this design, a connecting block is set between adjacent claws. This connecting block is conductive, allowing current to flow between adjacent claws. If uneven current occurs, resulting in a large voltage drop, the connecting block acts as a bridge for current transmission between them, dispersing the current from the high voltage drop area to the low voltage drop area, further improving the current sharing effect.

[0018] Optionally, the connecting block is also connected to the second conductor plate.

[0019] In this design, the connecting block is connected to the second conductor plate of the connecting claw head. This facilitates the flow of current from the second conductor plate to the claw head through the connecting block and also improves the connection stability of the connecting plate.

[0020] Optionally, the first conductor plate may further include an insulation layer, which covers the first conductor plate.

[0021] In this design, an insulation layer made of molten aluminum slag is set on the first conductor plate to prevent the temperature inside the electrolytic cell from being lost from the conductor due to the large temperature difference between the conductor and the electrolytic cell during the electrolysis process, which would affect the amount of electrolyte in the electrolytic cell and cause unnecessary energy loss.

[0022] In summary, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: This utility model provides an anode conductor for electrolytic aluminum. By setting a current equalization component, the current coming down from the main rod is evenly distributed to each claw, resulting in a significant current shunting effect. This makes the horizontal current in the electrolytic cell uniform, achieving the effect of current equalization and improving the practicality of the conductor for electrolytic aluminum. At the same time, it effectively maintains the dynamic balance of the electrolytic cell production system, reduces electrolysis costs, and thus improves electrolysis production efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0023] Figure 1 This application provides a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of an anode conductor for electrolytic aluminum. Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an anode conductor including ribs provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 3This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an anode conductor including a connecting block provided in an embodiment of this application; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the three-dimensional structure of the anode carbon block involved in the embodiments of this application.

[0024] In the picture: 1: Main rod; 2: Claw head; 3: Flow equalization component; 31: First conductor plate; 32: Second conductor plate; 33: Connecting plate; 4: Rib plate; 5: Connecting block; 6: Insulation layer. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Furthermore, the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in one embodiment" appearing throughout this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Moreover, these specific features, structures, or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments.

[0026] In the aluminum electrolysis industry, the current on the anode carbon block is transmitted through a conductor. During this transmission, uneven current distribution across the multiple claws can occur, leading to uneven thermal stress on the anode carbon block. Areas with excessive thermal stress concentration may develop cracks, even causing the carbon block to shatter. Simultaneously, significant voltage drop differences between the various claws increase the ineffective energy consumption during electrolysis. Therefore, current homogenization is a crucial research technique in aluminum electrolysis. Existing patents propose arranging carbon cups on the anode carbon block side-by-side along the length of the anode, with the diameter of the cups increasing progressively from the anode center to both ends. This increases the contact area between the claws and the anode carbon block at locations furthest from the center of the guide rod, thus increasing the conductive area of ​​the claws. However, this current homogenization technique is not very effective in practical applications. Therefore, this invention provides an anode conductor for aluminum electrolysis, the details of which will be described in detail below.

[0027] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model discloses an anode conductor for electrolytic aluminum, including a main guide rod 1 and multiple claw heads 2 connected by a current equalization assembly 3. The current equalization assembly 3 includes a first conductor plate 31, a second conductor plate 32 and a connecting plate 33. The upper surfaces of the first conductor plate 31 and the second conductor plate 32 are connected, the lower surface of the second conductor plate 32 is connected to the claw heads 2, and the upper and lower ends of the connecting plate 33 are respectively connected to the main guide rod 1 and the first conductor plate 31. The connecting plate 33 is a frustum-shaped thick plate.

[0028] As described above, in this invention, after the current comes down from the main guide rod 1, it is evenly distributed to each claw head 2 by the current equalization component 3. Specifically, the current equalization component 3 includes a second conductor plate 32 for connecting the claw heads 2, and a first conductor plate 31 is set on the second conductor plate 32. The first conductor plate 31 is used to conduct electricity between the connecting plate 33 and the second conductor plate 32, and then the main guide rod 1 is connected to the upper end of the connecting plate 33. Its current equalization feature is that the current on the main guide rod 1 is dispersed through the connecting plate 33 and the second conductor plate 32 before reaching the first conductor plate 31. Compared with the existing structure that directly connects the main guide rod 1 and the claw heads 2 through a crossbar, the current equalization effect of this invention is obvious. In addition, the frustum-shaped thick plate structure of the connecting plate 33 increases the current transmission surface area, expanding from a circular surface at the beginning to a long strip surface, increasing the current contact area and widening the current output, thus achieving the effect of current equalization. This makes the horizontal current in the electrolytic cell uniform, thereby effectively maintaining the dynamic balance of the electrolytic cell production system, reducing energy consumption, reducing electrolysis costs, and thus improving electrolysis production efficiency.

[0029] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the aforementioned flow equalization component 3 also includes a stiffener 4. The two vertical surfaces of the stiffener 4 are connected to the connecting plate 33 and the first conductor plate 31, respectively, and the axis of symmetry of the stiffener 4 in the vertical direction is collinear with the central axis of the claw head 2.

[0030] In this embodiment, the rib plate 4 further increases the contact area for the current on the connecting plate 33 to be distributed onto the second conductor plate 32. Furthermore, the rib plate 4 is vertically aligned with the claw head 2, allowing for guided and rapid transmission of current to each claw head 2 when it reaches the rib plate 4. Additionally, the rib plate 4 disperses potentially concentrated thermal stress on the connecting plate 33, preventing cracking due to stress concentration.

[0031] In some embodiments, the claw 2 is configured as a cylindrical structure, and the diameter of the claw 2 closer to the main guide rod 1 is larger than the diameter of the claw 2 farther from the main guide rod 1.

[0032] In this embodiment, the claw head 2 is a cylindrical solid structure, and the diameter of the claw head 2 closer to the main rod 1 is larger than the diameter of the claw head 2 farther from the main rod 1. Because the diameters of the claw heads 2 are different and their resistances are different, the larger the diameter, the greater the resistance. Setting the diameter of the claw head 2 closer to the main rod 1 to be larger than the diameter of the claw head 2 farther from the main rod 1 can force more current to flow to the claw head 2 at the far end, so that the current on the entire current equalization component 3 is more uniform in the same horizontal plane.

[0033] In addition, in some embodiments, the claw head 2 is a cylindrical structure, which is equivalent to a non-solid cylindrical structure. This structure can reduce the internal resistance of the claw head 2 while increasing the contact surface area between the claw head 2 and the anode carbon block, thereby reducing the current loss in the transmission to the claw head 2, improving the power utilization rate of the conductor, and further improving the practicality and economy of the conductor.

[0034] In other embodiments, such as Figure 3 As shown, a connecting block 5 is provided between the claw heads 2. The height of the connecting block 5 is equal to the height of the claw heads 2, and the connecting block 5 corresponds to the settling tank on the anode carbon block.

[0035] In this design, a connecting block 5 is set between adjacent claws 2. The connecting block 5 is made of a conductor material and is therefore conductive, allowing the current between adjacent claws 2 to flow between each other. If uneven current occurs, resulting in a large voltage drop, the connecting block 5 acts as a bridge for transmitting current between them, dispersing the current at the high voltage drop to the low voltage drop, further improving the current sharing effect.

[0036] Alternatively, the aforementioned connecting block 5 can be connected to the second conductor plate 32 simultaneously. Connecting the connecting block 5 to the second conductor plate 32 of the connecting claw 2 simultaneously facilitates the direct flow of current from the second conductor plate 32 through the connecting block 5 to the claw 2, which is beneficial for current dispersion. Furthermore, connecting the connecting block 5 to the second conductor plate 32 increases the connection surface area between the connecting block 5 and the conductor, thereby improving the connection stability of the connecting plate 33.

[0037] Of course, the aforementioned structure including connecting block 5 needs to be as follows: Figure 4 As shown, during installation, the claws 2 and connecting blocks 5 on the conductor are simultaneously inserted into the carbon bowl and the strip groove between the carbon bowls, respectively.

[0038] In other embodiments, the aforementioned first conductor plate 31 further includes a heat insulation layer 6, which covers the first conductor plate 31.

[0039] In this embodiment, an insulation layer 6 made of molten aluminum slag is provided on the first conductor plate 31 to prevent the temperature inside the electrolytic cell from being lost from the conductor due to the large temperature difference between the conductor and the electrolytic cell during the electrolysis process, which would affect the amount of electrolyte in the electrolytic cell and cause unnecessary energy loss.

[0040] Additionally, it should be noted that the current sharing component 3 in the aforementioned embodiments is made of aluminum because aluminum has low resistivity, which can effectively prevent excessive current loss on it.

[0041] In addition, it should be noted that the aforementioned multiple claws 2 are evenly distributed along the length of the second conductor plate 32. Because the multiple claws 2 are evenly distributed along the length of the second conductor plate 32, the voltage drop between adjacent claws 2 can be balanced, avoiding the special voltage drop caused by unequal spacing, which would result in unnecessary current loss.

[0042] Finally, this utility model discloses an anode conductor for electrolytic aluminum, including a main guide rod 1 and multiple claws 2 connected by a current equalization assembly 3. The current equalization assembly 3 includes a first conductor plate 31, a second conductor plate 32, and a connecting plate 33. The upper surfaces of the first conductor plate 31 and the second conductor plate 32 are connected, and the lower surface of the second conductor plate 32 is connected to the claws 2. The upper and lower ends of the connecting plate 33 are respectively connected to the main guide rod 1 and the first conductor plate 31. The connecting plate 33 is a frustum-shaped thick plate. In this utility model, when the current comes down from the main guide rod 1, it is evenly distributed to each claw 2 through the current equalization assembly 3, achieving the effect of current equalization and improving the practicality and economy of the conductor for electrolytic aluminum.

[0043] It should be noted that all the above embodiments belong to the same inventive concept, and the descriptions of each embodiment have different focuses. Where the description in a particular embodiment is not exhaustive, please refer to the description in other embodiments. The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referred to mutually.

[0044] The above embodiments merely illustrate the implementation of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model patent should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An anode conductor for electrolytic aluminium production, comprising a main rod (1) and a plurality of claw heads (2) connected by a current equalizing assembly (3), characterized in that, The current equalization assembly (3) includes: a first conductor plate (31), a second conductor plate (32) and a connecting plate (33). The upper surface of the first conductor plate (31) is connected to the upper surface of the second conductor plate (32), and the lower surface of the second conductor plate (32) is connected to the claw head (2). The upper and lower ends of the connecting plate (33) are respectively connected to the main guide rod (1) and the first conductor plate (31). The connecting plate (33) is a frustum-shaped thick plate.

2. The anode conductor for electrolytic aluminum production as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The flow equalization component (3) also includes a stiffener (4), the two vertical surfaces of which are connected to the connecting plate (33) and the first conductor plate (31) respectively, and the axis of symmetry of the stiffener (4) in the vertical direction is collinear with the central axis of the claw head (2).

3. The anode conductor for electrolytic aluminum production as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that, The current equalization component (3) is made of aluminum; multiple claw heads (2) are evenly distributed along the length of the second conductor plate (32).

4. The anode conductor for electrolytic aluminum production as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The claw (2) is cylindrical, and the diameter of the claw near the main rod (1) is larger than the diameter of the claw away from the main rod (1).

5. The anode conductor for electrolytic aluminum production as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that, The claw head (2) has a cylindrical structure.

6. The anode conductor for electrolytic aluminum according to claim 5, characterized in that, A connecting block (5) is provided between the claws (2), the height of the connecting block (5) is equal to the height of the claws (2), and the connecting block (5) corresponds to the sinking tank on the anode carbon block.

7. The anode conductor for electrolytic aluminum according to claim 6, characterized in that, The connecting block (5) is also connected to the second conductor plate (32).

8. The anode conductor for electrolytic aluminum according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The first conductor plate (31) also includes a heat insulation layer (6), which covers the first conductor plate (31).

9. The anode conductor for electrolytic aluminum according to claim 8, characterized in that, The insulation layer (6) is aluminum slag.

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