A constant air volume bathroom ventilation fan

Abstract

This utility model relates to a constant air volume bathroom ventilation fan, comprising a volute, a centrifugal fan, and a control unit. The volute has an air inlet and an air outlet. The centrifugal fan is installed inside the volute. The volute includes an upper shell and a lower shell. The air inlet is located on the upper shell. A control box is integrally mounted on the lower shell. A control box cover is fitted onto the control box. The control unit is located inside the control box. The upper shell has a mounting slot for a humidity sensor at the air inlet. The control box cover has a first wiring hole corresponding to the mounting slot, allowing the humidity sensor output wire to pass through the control box. A cover plate is located at the first wiring hole on the control box cover. The cover plate spans the gap between the first wiring hole and the upper shell and covers the mounting slot. The humidity sensor and the external rotor motor are both electrically connected to the control unit. This utility model deeply integrates a sensing system and a modular control architecture, resulting in a compact overall product structure and diverse airflow control modes.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of fans, and in particular to a constant air volume bathroom ventilation fan. Background Technology

[0002] As key air circulation equipment in industrial and civil fields, the structural design of ventilation fans directly affects system efficiency and environmental adaptability. With the increasing demand for intelligent ventilation, modern fans have evolved from simple airflow control to environmental sensing and adaptive adjustment. Especially in scenarios such as agricultural greenhouses, underground spaces, and high-humidity factories, environmental humidity becomes a core parameter affecting ventilation performance. Traditional fans, lacking real-time environmental monitoring capabilities, struggle to achieve precise humidity response control. While existing technologies attempt to add sensors to the fan's periphery, they suffer from low integration, redundant wiring, and weak anti-interference capabilities.

[0003] Current humidity monitoring for ventilation fans largely relies on external, independent devices. Sensors exposed to high-speed airflow are easily damaged, and the lack of a dedicated mounting structure at the air inlet leads to delayed or distorted data acquisition. Furthermore, the sensor wiring harness is mixed with the PCBA board in the same cavity, causing electromagnetic interference that can lead to abnormal control signals. Loose wiring harness connectors may also pose a short-circuit risk. In addition, traditional fans only support fixed speed settings or remote command adjustments, lacking a physical interface for rapid on-site switching of ventilation modes, making it difficult to adapt to sudden changes in operating conditions (such as rapid dehumidification or intermittent ventilation).

[0004] Based on the above problems, the industry urgently needs a ventilation fan solution that deeply integrates a sensing system and a modular control architecture. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a constant air volume bathroom ventilation fan with a reasonable humidity sensor location, convenient installation of externally extended sensors, and a cleverly designed hidden wiring structure; at the same time, it is equipped with a DIP switch and potentiometer to set various constant air modes.

[0006] The technical solution to achieve the purpose of this utility model is as follows: This utility model has a volute, a centrifugal fan, and a control unit; the volute is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet; the centrifugal fan is installed inside the volute; the centrifugal fan includes a centrifugal impeller and an external rotor motor for driving the centrifugal impeller; the volute includes an upper shell and a lower shell; the air inlet is provided on the upper shell; a control box is integrally provided on the lower shell; a control box cover is provided on the control box; the control box and the control box cover cooperate to form an installation space for installing the control unit; a mounting slot for installing a humidity sensor is provided on the upper shell at the air inlet; a first wire-passing hole is provided on the control box cover corresponding to the mounting slot, allowing the output wire of the humidity sensor to pass into the control box; a cover plate is provided on the control box cover at the first wire-passing hole; the cover plate spans the gap between the first wire-passing hole and the upper shell and covers the mounting slot; the humidity sensor and the external rotor motor are both electrically connected to the control unit.

[0007] Furthermore, the aforementioned external rotor motor includes a stator assembly and an external rotor assembly; the external rotor assembly includes an external rotor body with a fixed magnet, and a centrifugal impeller fixed on the external rotor body; a rotating shaft is fixed on the external rotor body; the stator assembly includes an iron core and a slot insulator that is injection molded and encapsulated on the outside of the iron core; windings are wound on the slot insulator; the stator assembly has a through hole through which the rotating shaft can pass; bearing mounting seats are provided in the through hole and at its upper and lower ends; the magnet is coaxially arranged with the winding and is located outside the winding; the rotating shaft passes through the through hole of the stator assembly and is rotatably connected to the stator assembly through bearings in the bearing mounting seats; The lower housing is provided with a positioning mounting groove; the bottom of the positioning mounting groove is provided with a connecting through hole; the stator assembly is integrally injection molded with a mounting positioning post; the mounting positioning post is coaxially provided with a threaded connecting hole; the mounting positioning post is inserted into the positioning mounting groove of the lower housing; the mounting positioning post is fixedly connected to the lower housing by a screw passing through the connecting through hole and engaging with the threaded connecting hole.

[0008] Furthermore, the area of ​​the lower housing covered by the control box forms a partition that divides the control box into an upper space and a lower space; the control box cover includes an upper cover and a lower cover; the upper cover and the lower cover are connected to the control box to respectively close the upper space and the lower space; The control unit includes a PCBA board, a DIP switch, power terminals, and power leads. The PCBA board and DIP switch are both fixedly installed in the lower space. The DIP switch is electrically connected to the PCBA board. The control box has a DIP port in the lower space for operating the DIP switch. The power terminals are fixedly installed in the upper space. The power terminals have a group of through holes connecting to the lower space. Three pins are integrally injection molded onto the winding. The three-phase leads of the winding are electrically connected to the three pins respectively. The three pins pass through the lower housing and are electrically connected to the PCBA board of the control box. The PCBA board is electrically connected to the output end of the power terminal block through an electrical connection wire passing through the wiring hole group; the upper space is also provided with a second wiring hole communicating with the outside; the input end of the power terminal block is electrically connected to the power connection wire passing through the second wiring hole. The partition has wire harness through holes; the upper space has a first wire harness connector that is electrically connected to the humidity sensor; the output wire of the first wire harness connector passes through the wire harness through holes and enters the lower space to form an electrical connection with the PCBA board.

[0009] Furthermore, the control unit also includes a potentiometer; the partition plate is provided with a mounting slot for fixing the potentiometer; the potentiometer is fixedly installed in the mounting slot; the bottom of the mounting slot is hollowed out; the potentiometer forms an electrical connection with the PCBA board.

[0010] Furthermore, the control unit also includes a human body sensor; a second wiring harness connector electrically connected to the human body sensor is provided in the upper space; the output wire of the second wiring harness connector passes through the wiring harness through hole and enters the lower space to form an electrical connection with the PCBA board; the first through hole is used for the connection wire of the human body sensor to pass through the upper space.

[0011] Furthermore, in the aforementioned external rotor assembly, the magnet, external rotor body, and centrifugal impeller are integrally injection molded into a single unit.

[0012] Furthermore, in the aforementioned external rotor assembly, the magnet, external rotor body, centrifugal impeller, and shaft are integrally injection molded into a single unit.

[0013] Furthermore, a butterfly-shaped compression spring is fitted onto the upper end of the rotating shaft; the two ends of the butterfly-shaped compression spring act on the outer rotor body and the bearing in the bearing seat at the upper end of the through hole, respectively; a snap ring groove is provided at the lower end of the rotating shaft; an oil snap ring is fitted into the snap ring groove; the snap ring restricts the bearing located at the lower end of the rotating shaft within the bearing seat at the lower end of the through hole.

[0014] Furthermore, the aforementioned pin includes a main body; the upper end of the main body is integrally injection molded to the stator assembly, and the lower end of the main body passes through the lower housing and forms an electrical connection with the PCBA board; the portion of the main body located inside the volute is provided with a bent portion; the three phase wires of the winding are respectively wound on the bent portions of the three pins and formed an electrical connection with the bent portions by welding.

[0015] This utility model has positive effects: (1) This utility model sets the humidity sensor at the air inlet through the mounting groove on the upper shell, which can make the humidity sensing more accurate; at the same time, this utility model sets the entire external rotor motor inside the volute, which greatly reduces the overall thickness of the product.

[0016] (2) This utility model can facilitate the positioning and installation of centrifugal impeller by using positioning column and positioning installation groove, so that it can be accurately assembled in volute and effectively ensure the uniformity of product performance.

[0017] (3) This utility model integrates the control box and the volute, and uses the volute to achieve spatial division of the control box. The spatial division is then used to achieve the division of electrical connections for different assembly requirements, making it more convenient for customers to use and install in the future, reducing the frequency of subsequent disassembly at the PCBA board, and effectively protecting the product.

[0018] (4) In this utility model, the stator assembly is integrally injection molded, which makes the stator assembly assembly simpler and the assembly effect outstanding. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To make the content of this utility model easier to understand, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and accompanying drawings, wherein... Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the upper shell of the volute in this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the lower shell of the volute in this utility model; Figure 5 for Figure 5 Another perspective illustration; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the electrical connections of the control unit in this utility model; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the external rotor motor in this utility model.

[0020] In the figure, the components are: volute 1, air inlet 11, air outlet 12, upper housing 13, lower housing 14, control box 15, control box cover 16, mounting slot 17, wire harness threading hole 18, mounting cutout slot 19, positioning mounting slot 141, upper space 151, lower space 152, first threading hole 161, cover bridge plate 162, upper box cover 163, lower box cover 164, and mounting block 162-1. Centrifugal fan 2, centrifugal impeller 21, external rotor motor 22, stator assembly 221, external rotor assembly 222, slot insulator 221-1, winding 221--2, mounting positioning column 221-3, external rotor body 222-1, rotating shaft 222-2; Control unit 3, DIP switch 31, power terminal block 32, power lead 33, potentiometer 34; Humidity sensor 4; Pin 5; First wire harness connector 6; 7. Butterfly-shaped compression spring; 8. Snap ring. Detailed Implementation

[0021] See Figures 1 to 5 This utility model includes a volute 1, a centrifugal fan 2, and a control unit 3. The volute 1 has an air inlet 11 and an air outlet 12. The centrifugal fan 2 is installed inside the volute 1. The centrifugal fan 2 includes a centrifugal impeller 21 and an external rotor motor 22 for driving the centrifugal impeller 21. The volute 1 includes an upper housing 13 and a lower housing 14. The air inlet 11 is located on the upper housing 13. A control box 15 is integrally provided on the lower housing 14. A control box cover 16 is provided on the control box 15. The control box 15 and the control box cover 16 cooperate to form a mounting... The control unit 3 has an installation space; the upper housing 13 has an installation slot 17 for installing the humidity sensor 4 at the air inlet 11; the control box cover 16 has a first wire hole 161 corresponding to the installation slot 17, allowing the output wire of the humidity sensor to pass into the control box 15; the control box cover 16 has a cover plate 162 at the first wire hole 161; the cover plate 162 spans the gap between the first wire hole 161 and the upper housing 13 and covers the installation slot 17; the humidity sensor 4 and the external rotor motor 22 are both electrically connected to the control unit 3.

[0022] Of course, in order to better position the humidity sensor output line, a clamping block 162-1 is also provided on the end face of the cover plate 162 facing the mounting groove 17. The humidity sensor output line can be pressed by clamping block 162-1.

[0023] The external rotor motor 22 includes a stator assembly 221 and an external rotor assembly 222. The external rotor assembly 222 includes an external rotor body 222-1 with a fixed magnet, and a centrifugal impeller 21 fixed on the external rotor body 222-1. A rotating shaft 222-2 is fixed on the external rotor body 222-1. The stator assembly 221 includes an iron core and a slot insulator 221-1 that is injection molded and encapsulated on the outside of the iron core. The winding 221-2 is wound on the slot insulator 221-1. The stator assembly 221 has a through hole through which the rotating shaft 222-2 can pass. Bearing mounting seats are provided in the through hole and at its upper and lower ends. The magnet is coaxially arranged with the winding 221-2 and is located outside the winding 221-2. The rotating shaft 222-2 passes through the through hole of the stator assembly and is rotatably connected to the stator assembly 221 through a bearing in the bearing mounting seat. The lower housing 14 is provided with a positioning mounting groove 141; the bottom of the positioning mounting groove 141 is provided with a connecting through hole; the stator assembly 221 is integrally injection molded with a mounting positioning post 221-3; the mounting positioning post 221-3 is coaxially provided with a threaded connecting hole; the mounting positioning post 221-3 is inserted into the positioning mounting groove 141 of the lower housing 14; the mounting positioning post 221-3 is fixedly connected to the lower housing 14 after the screw passing through the connecting through hole and engaging with the threaded connecting hole.

[0024] To ensure the installation stability of the external rotor motor 22, the lower housing 14 is provided with three positioning and mounting slots 141 evenly distributed in a 120° circle; the stator assembly 221 is also provided with three mounting and positioning posts 221-3 evenly distributed in a 120° circle.

[0025] To facilitate easy connection of externally mounted sensors and power supplies, the area of ​​the lower housing 14 covered by the control box 15 forms a partition that divides the control box 15 into an upper space 151 and a lower space 152; the control box cover 16 includes an upper cover 163 and a lower cover 164; the upper cover 163 and the lower cover 164 are connected to the control box 15 to respectively close the upper space 151 and the lower space 152; See Figure 6The control unit 3 includes a PCBA board, a DIP switch 31, a power terminal block 32, and a power lead 33. The PCBA board and the DIP switch 31 are both fixedly installed in the lower space 152. The DIP switch 31 is electrically connected to the PCBA board. The control box 15 has a DIP port in the lower space 152 for operating the DIP switch 31. The power terminal block 32 is fixedly installed in the upper space 151. The power terminal block 32 has a group of through holes connecting to the lower space. Three pins 5 are integrally injection molded on the winding 221-2. The three-phase leads of the winding 221-2 are electrically connected to the three pins 5 respectively. The three pins 5 pass through the lower housing 14 and are electrically connected to the PCBA board of the control box 15. The three-phase leads are not shown in the attached drawings, but the three-phase leads and their electrical connection methods are conventional designs for those skilled in the art, so they are not described in detail or shown in the attached drawings here.

[0026] The PCBA board is electrically connected to the output end of the power terminal 32 through an electrical connection wire passing through the wire hole group; the upper space 151 is also provided with a second wire hole communicating with the outside; the input end of the power terminal 33 is electrically connected to the power connection wire passing through the second wire hole. The partition is provided with a wire harness through hole 18; the upper space 151 is provided with a first wire harness connector 6 that is electrically connected to the humidity sensor 4; the output wire of the first wire harness connector 6 passes through the wire harness through hole 18 and enters the lower space 152 and forms an electrical connection with the PCBA board.

[0027] To allow customers to adjust the duration of the on and off delays themselves, the control unit 3 is equipped with a potentiometer 34; the partition is provided with a mounting slot 19 for fixing the potentiometer 34; the potentiometer 34 is fixedly installed in the mounting slot 19; the bottom of the mounting slot 19 is hollowed out; the potentiometer 34 is electrically connected to the PCBA board.

[0028] To incorporate human motion sensing functionality, the control unit 3 may also be equipped with a human motion sensor; a second wiring harness connector electrically connected to the human motion sensor is provided in the upper space 151; the output wire of the second wiring harness connector passes through the wiring harness through hole 18 and enters the lower space to form an electrical connection with the PCBA board; the first through hole 161 is used for the connection wire of the human motion sensor to pass through the upper space 151.

[0029] The mechanism by which the DIP switch 31 and potentiometer 34 control the working mode of the fan in this invention is conventional technology; the specific electrical connection method and implementation principle will not be elaborated here. In this invention, the DIP switch 31 is configured to correspond to different airflow rates and has eight finger switches, labeled 1-8. The specific mode settings are as follows: Special airflow settings: ; Standard airflow setting: ; In the table above, "0" in the DIP switch number column indicates off, and "1" indicates on.

[0030] ; Generally, the adjustment of the DIP switch 31 and potentiometer 34 corresponding to the above modes is designed so that the instruction nameplate is fixed on the control box 15 for the customer to adjust accordingly.

[0031] The potentiometer is a standard component, and its marking and setting methods are as follows: ; The magnet, outer rotor body 222-1, centrifugal impeller 21 and rotating shaft 222-2 in the outer rotor assembly 222 are integrally formed by injection molding.

[0032] A butterfly spring 7 is fitted on the upper end of the rotating shaft 222-2; the two ends of the butterfly spring 7 act on the bearing in the bearing seat at the upper end of the outer rotor body 222-1 and the through hole, respectively; a snap ring groove is provided at the lower end of the rotating shaft 222-2; an oil snap ring 8 is fitted on the snap ring groove; the snap ring 8 restricts the bearing located at the lower end of the rotating shaft in the bearing seat at the lower end of the through hole.

[0033] See Figure 7 The pin 5 includes a body 51; the upper end of the body 51 is integrally injection molded to the stator assembly, and the lower end of the body 51 passes through the lower housing 14 and forms an electrical connection with the PCBA board; the part of the body 41 located inside the volute 1 is provided with a bending part 52; the three phase wires of the winding 221-2 are respectively wound on the bending parts 52 of the three pins 5, and form an electrical connection with the bending parts 52 by welding.

[0034] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solution, and beneficial effects of this utility model. It should be understood that the above descriptions are merely specific embodiments of this utility model and are not intended to limit this utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A constant air volume bathroom ventilation fan, comprising a volute, a centrifugal fan, and a control unit; the volute is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet; the centrifugal fan is installed inside the volute; the centrifugal fan includes a centrifugal impeller and an external rotor motor for driving the centrifugal impeller; the volute includes an upper housing and a lower housing; the air inlet is disposed on the upper housing; characterized in that: The lower housing is integrally provided with a control box; the control box is provided with a control box cover; the control box and the control box cover cooperate to form an installation space for installing the control unit; the upper housing is provided with a mounting slot for installing a humidity sensor at the air inlet; the control box cover is provided with a first wire hole corresponding to the mounting slot, allowing the output wire of the humidity sensor to pass into the control box; the control box cover is provided with a cover plate at the first wire hole; the cover plate spans the gap between the first wire hole and the upper housing and covers the mounting slot; the humidity sensor and the external rotor motor are both electrically connected to the control unit.

2. The constant air volume bathroom ventilation fan according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external rotor motor includes a stator assembly and an external rotor assembly. The external rotor assembly includes an external rotor body with a fixed magnet, and a centrifugal impeller fixed on the external rotor body. A rotating shaft is fixed on the external rotor body. The stator assembly includes an iron core and a slot insulator that is injection molded and encapsulated on the outside of the iron core. The winding is wound on the slot insulator. The stator assembly has a through hole through which the rotating shaft can pass. Bearing mounting seats are provided in the through hole and at its upper and lower ends. The magnet is coaxially arranged with the winding and is located outside the winding. The rotating shaft passes through the through hole of the stator assembly and is rotatably connected to the stator assembly through bearings in the bearing mounting seats. The lower housing is provided with a positioning mounting groove; the bottom of the positioning mounting groove is provided with a connecting through hole; the stator assembly is integrally injection molded with a mounting positioning post; the mounting positioning post is coaxially provided with a threaded connecting hole; the mounting positioning post is inserted into the positioning mounting groove of the lower housing; the mounting positioning post is fixedly connected to the lower housing by a screw passing through the connecting through hole and engaging with the threaded connecting hole.

3. A constant air volume bathroom ventilation fan according to claim 2, characterized in that: The area of ​​the lower housing covered by the control box forms a partition that divides the control box into an upper space and a lower space; the control box cover includes an upper cover and a lower cover; the upper cover and the lower cover are connected to the control box to close the upper space and the lower space respectively; The control unit includes a PCBA board, a DIP switch, power terminals, and power leads. The PCBA board and DIP switch are both fixedly installed in the lower space. The DIP switch is electrically connected to the PCBA board. The control box has a DIP port in the lower space for operating the DIP switch. The power terminals are fixedly installed in the upper space. The power terminals have a group of through holes connecting to the lower space. Three pins are integrally injection molded onto the winding. The three-phase leads of the winding are electrically connected to the three pins respectively. The three pins pass through the lower housing and are electrically connected to the PCBA board of the control box. The PCBA board is electrically connected to the output end of the power terminal block through an electrical connection wire passing through the wiring hole group; the upper space is also provided with a second wiring hole communicating with the outside; the input end of the power terminal block is electrically connected to the power connection wire passing through the second wiring hole. The partition has wire harness through holes; the upper space has a first wire harness connector that is electrically connected to the humidity sensor; the output wire of the first wire harness connector passes through the wire harness through holes and enters the lower space to form an electrical connection with the PCBA board.

4. A constant air volume bathroom ventilation fan according to claim 3, characterized in that: The control unit also includes a potentiometer; the partition plate is provided with a mounting slot for fixing the potentiometer; the potentiometer is fixedly installed in the mounting slot; the bottom of the mounting slot is hollow; the potentiometer is electrically connected to the PCBA board.

5. A constant air volume bathroom ventilation fan according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that: The control unit also includes a human body sensor; a second wiring harness connector electrically connected to the human body sensor is provided in the upper space; the output wire of the second wiring harness connector passes through the wiring harness through hole and enters the lower space and forms an electrical connection with the PCBA board; the first through hole is used for the connection wire of the human body sensor to pass through the upper space.

6. A constant air volume bathroom ventilation fan according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the external rotor assembly, the magnet, the external rotor body, and the centrifugal impeller are integrally injection molded into a single component.

7. A constant air volume bathroom ventilation fan according to claim 2, characterized in that: In the external rotor assembly, the magnet, external rotor body, centrifugal impeller, and shaft are integrally injection molded into a single unit.

8. A constant air volume bathroom ventilation fan according to claim 2, characterized in that: A butterfly-shaped compression spring is fitted at the upper end of the rotating shaft; the two ends of the butterfly-shaped compression spring act on the outer rotor body and the bearing in the bearing seat at the upper end of the through hole, respectively; a snap ring groove is provided at the lower end of the rotating shaft; an oil snap ring is fitted in the snap ring groove; the snap ring restricts the bearing located at the lower end of the rotating shaft in the bearing seat at the lower end of the through hole.

9. A constant air volume bathroom ventilation fan according to claim 3, characterized in that: The pin includes a body; the upper end of the body is integrally injection molded to the stator assembly, and the lower end of the body passes through the lower housing and forms an electrical connection with the PCBA board; the part of the body located inside the volute is provided with a bent portion; the three phase wires of the winding are respectively wound on the bent portions of the three pins and formed an electrical connection with the bent portions by welding.

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