Optical switching elements, camera modules and electronic devices

Abstract

This application discloses a light-shifting element, a camera module, and an electronic device. The light-shifting element has a first groove on a second surface spaced apart from and facing a first surface. This first groove effectively blocks or minimizes the reflection of ineffective light onto the first surface. Specifically, the first groove includes a first sidewall and a second sidewall, which are parallel to each other and inclined relative to the second surface. Therefore, the inclined first sidewall can reflect or scatter ineffective light reflected onto it as much as possible. Simultaneously, the parallel arrangement of the first and second sidewalls ensures that effective light, after passing through the first and second sidewalls, maintains its original optical path unaffected by the first groove.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of optical imaging technology, and in particular to a light-converting element, a camera module, and an electronic device. Background Technology

[0002] With technological advancements, users have an increasing demand for photography using electronic devices (such as mobile phones and tablets), and their requirements for image quality are also rising. However, during shooting, some ineffective light may enter the image sensor through the optical system. Ineffective light typically refers to light that does not enter the image sensor along the optical path designed by the optical system, such as stray light from the environment. The optical paths of this ineffective light can overlap with the effective light, causing partial blockage of effective light and resulting in reduced illumination in certain areas of the image, thus affecting the image quality of the electronic device. Utility Model Content

[0003] This application discloses a light-transforming element, a camera module, and an electronic device, which can reduce invalid light entering the image sensor, thereby improving the imaging quality of the electronic device.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, in a first aspect, this application discloses an optical switching element, which is applied in an optical system, and the optical switching element includes:

[0005] First surface;

[0006] A second surface, wherein the second surface is disposed opposite to the first surface; and

[0007] The reflective surface includes a first sub-reflective surface and a second sub-reflective surface. The first sub-reflective surface is connected between the first surface and the second surface, and the second sub-reflective surface is connected between the first surface and the second surface. The light entering the optical system includes effective light and ineffective light. The effective light can be transmitted through the first surface into the light-reflecting element, and then reflected sequentially by the first sub-reflective surface, the first surface, and the second sub-reflective surface before leaving the first surface and exiting to the outside of the light-reflecting element. Alternatively, the effective light can be transmitted through the first surface into the light-reflecting element, and then reflected sequentially by the first sub-reflective surface and the first surface before leaving the second sub-reflective surface and exiting to the outside of the light-reflecting element.

[0008] A first groove is provided on the second surface. The first groove includes a first side wall and a second side wall and a first bottom wall. The first bottom wall is connected to the first side wall and the second side wall. The first side wall and the second side wall are both connected to the second surface. The first side wall and the second side wall are parallel to each other and inclined relative to the second surface. The first side wall and / or the second side wall are used to block at least part of the invalid light from being reflected from the second surface to the first surface.

[0009] This optical reversing element has a first groove on a second surface spaced apart from and facing the first surface. This groove effectively blocks or minimizes the reflection of ineffective light onto the first surface. Specifically, the first groove includes a first sidewall and a second sidewall, which are parallel to each other and inclined relative to the second surface. Thus, the inclined first sidewall reflects or scatters ineffective light reflected onto it as much as possible. Simultaneously, the parallel arrangement of the first and second sidewalls ensures that effective light, after passing through them, remains unaffected by the groove and maintains its original optical path. Therefore, this optical reversing element prevents ineffective light from concentrating on the light-emitting area of ​​the first surface, thus avoiding the formation of strong light clusters in image sensor imaging, while also reducing the impact on the effective light path, thereby improving the imaging quality of the optical system.

[0010] In addition, the optical switching element of this application can realize multiple folding and reflection of the optical path, thereby achieving telephoto imaging while compressing the overall size of the optical switching element and the optical system. As a result, when the optical system is applied to electronic devices, it can be matched with thinner and lighter electronic devices, realizing the application of the optical switching element and even the optical system in thinner and lighter electronic devices.

[0011] Secondly, this application discloses an optical switching element, which is applied to an optical system, and the optical switching element includes:

[0012] First surface;

[0013] A second surface, which is disposed opposite to the first surface;

[0014] The reflective surface includes a first sub-reflective surface and a second sub-reflective surface. The first sub-reflective surface is connected between the first surface and the second surface, and the second sub-reflective surface is connected between the first surface and the second surface. The first sub-reflective surface and the second sub-reflective surface are arranged parallel to each other. The light entering the optical system includes effective light and ineffective light. The effective light can be transmitted through the first surface into the light-reflecting element, and then reflected sequentially by the first sub-reflective surface, the first surface, the second surface, and the second sub-reflective surface before leaving the outside of the light-reflecting element from the second surface. Alternatively, the effective light can be transmitted through the first surface into the light-reflecting element, and then reflected sequentially by the first sub-reflective surface, the first surface, and the second surface before leaving the outside of the light-reflecting element from the second sub-reflective surface.

[0015] The second surface is provided with a second groove, the second groove includes opposing third sidewalls and fourth sidewalls and a second bottom wall, the second bottom wall is connected to the third sidewalls and fourth sidewalls, the third sidewalls and the second fourth sidewalls are both connected to the second surface, the third sidewalls and the fourth sidewalls are parallel to each other and inclined relative to the second surface, the second groove is used to block at least part of the invalid light from being reflected to the second surface by the second sub-reflective surface;

[0016] And / or,

[0017] A third groove is provided on the first surface. The third groove has a fifth side wall and a sixth side wall and a third bottom wall. The third bottom wall is connected to the fifth side wall and the sixth side wall. The fifth side wall and the sixth side wall are both connected to the first surface. The fifth side wall and the sixth side wall are parallel to each other and inclined relative to the first surface. The third groove is used to block at least part of the invalid light from being reflected to the second surface by the second sub-reflective surface.

[0018] Since the incident surface, exit surface and reflective surface of the light-converting element are prone to generating stray light (i.e. invalid light), and the optical path of invalid light overlaps with the optical path of effective light, by providing a second groove on the second surface and a third groove on the first surface, the invalid light can be effectively reflected by the third side wall and the fourth side wall to change the original optical path of invalid light, thereby preventing invalid light from being reflected back onto the optical path of effective light, and thus improving the imaging quality of the optical system.

[0019] Meanwhile, the parallelism of the third and fourth sidewalls ensures that the effective light reflected from the first surface to the second surface remains unaffected by the second groove after passing through the third and fourth sidewalls. Similarly, the parallelism of the fifth and sixth sidewalls ensures that the effective light reflected from the second surface to the second sub-reflective surface remains unaffected by the third groove after passing through the fifth and sixth sidewalls. Therefore, the light-deflecting element in this embodiment can prevent ineffective light from being concentrated and reflected onto the light-emitting area of ​​the second surface, thus preventing the formation of a strong light cluster in the image sensor imaging, while also reducing the impact on the effective light path, thereby improving the imaging quality of the optical system.

[0020] Thirdly, this application discloses a camera module, which includes the light-deflecting element as described above. A camera module with this light-deflecting element can also effectively block, reflect, and scatter invalid light entering the light-deflecting element, thereby avoiding the formation of strong light clusters on the image sensor of the camera module and improving the imaging quality of the electronic device.

[0021] Fourthly, this application discloses an electronic device, which includes a housing and a camera module as described above, the camera module being disposed in the housing.

[0022] Electronic devices equipped with this light-transformation element can also effectively block, reflect, and scatter invalid light entering the light-transformation element, thereby avoiding the formation of strong light clusters on the image sensor of the camera module, which is beneficial to improving the imaging quality of electronic devices.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this application are as follows:

[0024] The light-shifting element, camera module, and electronic device disclosed in this application utilize a first groove on a second surface spaced apart from and facing a first surface. This first groove effectively blocks or minimizes the reflection of ineffective light onto the first surface. Specifically, the first groove includes a first sidewall and a second sidewall, which are parallel to each other and inclined relative to the second surface. Therefore, the inclined first sidewall can reflect or scatter ineffective light reflected onto it as much as possible. Simultaneously, the parallel arrangement of the first and second sidewalls ensures that effective light, after passing through them, maintains its original optical path unaffected by the first groove. Thus, the light-shifting element of this application prevents ineffective light from concentrating and reflecting onto the light-emitting area of ​​the first surface, thus avoiding the formation of strong light clusters in image sensor imaging, while also reducing the impact on the effective light path, thereby improving the imaging quality of the optical system.

[0025] In addition, the optical switching element of this application can realize multiple folding and reflection of the optical path, thereby achieving telephoto imaging while compressing the overall size of the optical switching element and the optical system. As a result, when the optical system is applied to electronic devices, it can be matched with thinner and lighter electronic devices, realizing the application of the optical switching element and even the optical system in thinner and lighter electronic devices. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a light-transfer element (without a rectangular groove) in a related technology;

[0028] Figure 2A This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a light-transforming element (with a groove) in related technologies;

[0029] Figure 2B This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the light-transforming element disclosed in Embodiment 1 of this application applied to a camera module;

[0030] Figure 3 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the light-transforming element disclosed in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0031] Figure 4A This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of the optical switching element disclosed in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0032] Figure 4B This is the third schematic diagram of the structure of the light-converting element disclosed in Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0033] Figure 5 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the light-converting element disclosed in Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0034] Figure 6A This is the second schematic diagram of the structure of the optical switching element disclosed in Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0035] Figure 6B This is the third schematic diagram of the structure of the optical switching element disclosed in Embodiment 2 of this application;

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the optical system disclosed in the embodiments of this application;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the camera module structure disclosed in the embodiments of this application;

[0038] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electronic device disclosed in the embodiments of this application;

[0039] Figure 10 This is a structural block diagram of the internal components of the electronic device disclosed in the embodiments of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0041] Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," etc., are primarily used to distinguish different devices, elements, or components (which may be the same or different in specific type and construction), and are not intended to indicate or imply the relative importance or quantity of the indicated devices, elements, or components. Unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0042] Optical deflection elements 1 (e.g., prisms) are widely used in periscope camera modules because they can achieve multiple optical path deflections, thus enabling telephoto imaging within a limited space. In related technologies, the cross-sectional shape of the optical deflection element 1 is approximately an isosceles trapezoid, and the optical deflection element 1 includes a first surface, a first sub-reflecting surface 1c, a second sub-reflecting surface 1d, and a second surface 1e. Wherein, as... Figure 1 As shown, the first surface includes an incident light region 1a and an exit light region 1b, wherein the incident light region 1a and the exit light region 1b are parallel or located on the same plane. The second surface 1e is spaced apart from the first surface and faces it, that is, the second surface 1e is parallel to the first surface. When the light-deflecting element 1 is applied to the optical system 1000, light rays from the lens assembly 1001 of the optical system 1000 can enter from the incident light region 1a of the first surface, be reflected onto the first surface via the first sub-reflecting surface 1c, then reflected onto the second sub-reflecting surface 1d, and finally reflected onto the exit light region 1b of the first surface via the second sub-reflecting surface 1d, and then enter the image sensor 1002 located in the exit light region 1b for imaging.

[0043] However, when light enters the optical deflection element 1, some invalid light may be present. Invalid light refers to light that does not enter the image sensor along the optical path designed for the optical system, such as stray light from the environment. Figure 1As shown, invalid light entering the light-deflecting element 1 will form a strong light cluster on the image sensor. Therefore, by using the aforementioned light-deflecting element 1, invalid light may enter the image sensor, which seriously affects the imaging quality of the optical system.

[0044] To address the problem of invalid light entering the image sensor 1002 and forming strong light clusters that affect the imaging quality of the optical system, such as... Figure 2A As shown, the inventors attempted to use a groove 1g provided on a second surface 1e that is spaced apart from and opposite to the first surface, so that the groove 1g can block or block as much as possible the reflection of invalid light onto the first surface.

[0045] However, the inventors discovered through research that although the above-mentioned method of opening groove 1g can block some invalid light, the blocking effect is very limited. Moreover, part of the optical path of invalid light overlaps with part of the optical path of effective light, which means that when effective light is transmitted normally to the light output area 1a, some invalid light may also enter the imaging area 1b, thereby affecting the imaging quality of the optical system.

[0046] Based on this, this application discloses a light-deflecting element. A first groove is provided on a second surface spaced apart from and facing the first surface, thereby blocking or minimizing the reflection of invalid light onto the first surface. Specifically, the first groove includes a first sidewall and a second sidewall, which are parallel to each other and inclined relative to the second surface. Thus, the inclined first sidewall can reflect or scatter invalid light reflected onto it as much as possible. Simultaneously, the parallel arrangement of the first and second sidewalls ensures that valid light, after passing through them, maintains its original optical path unaffected by the first groove. Therefore, the light-deflecting element of this application can prevent invalid light from concentrating and reflecting onto the light-emitting area of ​​the first surface, thus preventing the formation of strong light clusters in image sensor imaging, while also reducing the impact on the effective light path, thereby improving the imaging quality of the optical system.

[0047] The following section will provide a detailed description of the scheme in this application, with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0048] Please refer to the following: Figures 2B to 4A , Figure 2B This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the light-transforming element disclosed in Embodiment 1 of this application applied to a camera module. Figure 3 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the optical switching element disclosed in Embodiment 1 of this application. Figure 4A This is a second schematic diagram of the structure of the light-transforming element disclosed in Embodiment 1 of this application. In a first aspect, this application discloses a light-transforming element 100, which may include a first surface 12, a reflective surface 30, and a second surface 40.

[0049] In some embodiments, the first surface 12 may include a light-incident region 10 and a light-exiting region 20. The light-incident region 10 may be configured to receive light transmitted via the lens assembly 201 into the light-reflecting element 100. The light-exiting region 20 may be arranged parallel to the light-incident region 10, so that when the optical system 200 is applied to the camera module 300, the image sensor 301 of the camera module 300 is arranged corresponding to the light-exiting region 20, that is, the image sensor 301 and the lens assembly 201 may be located on the same side of the light-reflecting element 100. In this way, the overall structure of the camera module 300 is more compact, which facilitates the arrangement of the camera module 300 in the electronic device 400, thereby enabling the camera module 300 to meet the miniaturization design requirements of the electronic device 400.

[0050] It is understood that the light-emitting region 20 and the light-incident region 10 are arranged in parallel, including but not limited to the light-incident region 10 and the light-emitting region 20 being located on the same plane, or the light-incident region 10 and the light-emitting region 20 being located on two parallel planes respectively. This embodiment is illustrated by taking the example of the light-incident region 10 and the light-emitting region 20 being located on the same plane.

[0051] In some embodiments, the second surface 40 and the first surface 12 are disposed opposite to each other.

[0052] In some embodiments, the reflective surface 30 may include a first sub-reflective surface 31 and a second sub-reflective surface 32, wherein the first sub-reflective surface 31 is connected between the light-incident region 10 of the first surface 12 and the second surface 40, and the second sub-reflective surface 32 is connected between the light-outcrystal region 20 of the first surface 12 and the second surface 40.

[0053] Optionally, the first sub-reflective surface 31 and the second sub-reflective surface 32 may be symmetrically arranged with respect to the middle of the second surface 40, that is, the cross-sectional shape of the light-deflecting element 100 is formed as, for example, an isosceles trapezoid. In other words, the angle formed between the first sub-reflective surface 31 and the incident light region 10 is equal to the angle formed between the second sub-reflective surface 32 and the emitted light region 20. Of course, as another example, the first sub-reflective surface 31 and the second sub-reflective surface 32 may not be symmetrical about the middle of the second surface 40. In this case, the cross-sectional shape of the light-deflecting element 100 may also be formed as a non-isosceles trapezoid. The specific shape can be adjusted according to the actual situation, and this embodiment does not impose a specific limitation on this.

[0054] It is understandable that, among them, such as Figure 3As shown, when the effective light (i.e., the light entering the image sensor 301 according to the optical path designed by the optical system 200) passes through the lens assembly 201 of the optical system 200 and enters the light-reversing element 100, the optical path is roughly as follows: the effective light enters the light-reversing element 100 through the light-incident area 10 of the first surface 12, undergoes a first reflection via the first sub-reflecting surface 31, is then reflected back onto the first surface 12, then onto the second sub-reflecting surface 32, and then reflected again via the second sub-reflecting surface 32 onto the light-exiting area 20 of the first surface 12. Finally, it exits the light-reversing element 100 through the light-exiting area 20, that is, it exits onto the image sensor 301 for imaging. It can be understood that the light-exiting area 20 is located on the first surface 12 at this time.

[0055] Of course, as in other embodiments, combined with Figure 4B The optical path can also be roughly as follows: the effective light enters the light-transforming element 100 through the light-incident area 10 of the first surface 12, undergoes a first reflection through the first sub-reflecting surface 31, is then reflected back onto the first surface 12, and then onto the second sub-reflecting surface 32. Finally, it exits the light-transforming element 100 through the second sub-reflecting surface 32, that is, it is emitted onto the image sensor 301 for imaging. It can be understood that the light-emitting area 20 is located on the second sub-reflecting surface 32 at this time.

[0056] As can be seen, by using the light-transforming element 100 of this application, multiple reflections of the light path can be achieved with the limited volume of the light-transforming element 100, and the light path in the light-transforming element 100 can be extended, thereby achieving a longer light path in the limited lens space, meeting the telephoto requirements, and thus being adaptable to miniaturized electronic devices 400.

[0057] It is understood that the light-transforming element 100 is a prism, and the material of the light-transforming element 100 may include, but is not limited to, glass, plastic, etc. This embodiment does not make specific limitations on this.

[0058] In some embodiments, a first groove 41 is provided on the second surface 40. The first groove 41 may include opposing first sidewalls 411 and second sidewalls 412 and a first bottom wall 413. The first bottom wall 413 is connected to the first sidewalls 411 and second sidewalls 412. The first sidewalls 411 and second sidewalls 412 are both connected to the second surface 40. The first sidewalls 411 and second sidewalls 412 are parallel to each other and inclined relative to the second surface 40. The first sidewalls 411 and / or the second sidewalls 412 are used to block at least part of the invalid light.

[0059] As can be seen, the first groove 41 of this application can reflect the invalid light reflected on the first side wall 411 and / or the second side wall 412 to other positions on the first surface 12 other than the light-emitting area 20, or can scatter the invalid light reflected on the first side wall 411 and / or the second side wall 412 to the light-emitting area 20, thereby avoiding the formation of a cluster of strong light on the image sensor 301.

[0060] like Figure 2B As shown, it can be understood that by utilizing the first sidewall 411 inclined relative to the second surface 40, the ineffective light reflected onto the first sidewall 411 can be reflected or scattered as much as possible. Simultaneously, the first sidewall 411 and the second sidewall 412, arranged parallel to each other, ensure that the effective light, after passing through the first sidewall 411 and the second sidewall 412, maintains its original optical path unaffected by the first groove 41. Therefore, the light-deflecting element 100 of this application can prevent ineffective light from being concentratedly reflected onto the light-emitting area 20 of the first surface 12, thus preventing the formation of a strong light cluster in the image sensor 301, while also reducing the impact on the effective light path, which is beneficial for improving the imaging quality of the optical system 200.

[0061] In addition, the light-transforming element 100 of this application can realize multiple folding and reflection of the light path, thereby achieving telephoto imaging while compressing the overall size of the light-transforming element 100 and the optical system 200. Thus, when the optical system 200 is applied to the electronic device 400, it can be matched with a thinner and lighter electronic device 400, realizing the application of the light-transforming element 100 and even the optical system 200 on the thinner and lighter electronic device 400.

[0062] Since the light is incident through the incident region 10 and then reflected by the first sub-reflecting surface 31, the first surface 12, and the second sub-reflecting surface 32, based on this, by setting the first included angle α1 formed between the second sidewall 412 and the second surface 40, based on Snell's law, we can obtain:

[0063] n2×sin(90°-α1 max ) = n1 × sin90°;

[0064] n2×sin(90°-β1-α1 min ) = n1 × sin90°;

[0065] Where n1 is the refractive index of air, n2 is the refractive index of the light-transforming element, and β1 is the angle between the first bottom wall surface 413 and the second surface 40.

[0066] As can be seen from the above, in some embodiments, a first included angle α1 is formed between the second sidewall 412 and the second surface 40. The first included angle α1 satisfies: arccos(n1 / n2)-β1≤α1≤arccos(n1 / n2). When the first included angle α1 satisfies the above relationship, the tilt angle of the first groove 41 relative to the second surface 40 can be reasonably controlled, so as to block, reflect or scatter invalid light while reducing the impact on the original optical path of effective light and improving the imaging quality of the optical system 200.

[0067] For example, taking the material of the optical refractive element 100 as H-ZK10 and β1 = 22° as an example, when the optical refractive element 100 is H-ZK10, the refractive index of the optical refractive element 100 is n2 = 1.62 and n1 = 1, and α1 can be obtained. max =51.88°, α1 min = 29.88°. It can be seen that the first included angle α1 at this time satisfies: 29.88°≤α1≤51.88°. Of course, as other embodiments, the material of the optical transition element 100 can also be N-BK7, and the refractive index n2 of the optical transition element 100 can be 1.52; the optical transition element 100 can also be N-SF11, and the refractive index n2 of the optical transition element 100 can be 1.78. This application does not limit this embodiment.

[0068] In some embodiments, a first included angle α1 is formed between the second sidewall 412 and the second surface 40, and the first included angle α1 satisfies: 15°≤α1≤86°. Exemplarily, the first included angle α1 may include, but is not limited to, 15°≤α1≤20°, 20°≤α1≤25°, 25°≤α1≤30°, 30°≤α1≤35°, 35°≤α1≤40°, 40°≤α1≤45°, 45°≤α1≤50°, 50°≤α1≤55°, 55°≤α1≤60°, 60°≤α1≤65°, 65°≤α1≤70°, 70°≤α1≤75°, 75°≤α1≤80°, and 80°≤α1≤86°. For example, the first included angle α1 can be, but is not limited to, 15°, 16°, 17°, 18°, 19°, 20°, 21°, 22°, 23°, 24°, 25°, 26°, 27°, 28°, 29°, 30°, 31°, 32°, 33°, 34°, 35°, 36°, 37°, 38°, 39°, 40°, 41°, 42°, 43°, 44°, 45°, 46°, 47°, 48°. 49°, 50°, 51°, 52°, 53°, 54°, 55°, 56°, 57°, 58°, 59°, 60°, 61°, 62°, 63°, 64°, 65°, 66°, 67°, 68°, 69°, 70°, 71°, 72°, 73°, 74°, 75°, 76°, 77°, 78°, 79°, 80°, 81°, 82°, 83°, 84°, 85°, 86°, etc.

[0069] By setting the first included angle α1 to satisfy: 15°≤α1≤86°, the tilt angle of the first groove 41 relative to the second surface 40 can be reasonably controlled, so as to block, reflect or scatter the invalid light, while also reducing the impact on the original optical path of the effective light and improving the imaging quality of the optical system 200.

[0070] When the first included angle α1 < 15°, the tilt angle of the first sidewall 411 and the second sidewall 412 relative to the second surface 40 is too small, which may result in poor blocking, reflection, or scattering of invalid light. This allows some invalid light to still be reflected onto the light-emitting area 20 of the first surface 12, forming a strong light spot on the image sensor 301 and affecting the imaging quality. When the first included angle α1 > 86°, the tilt angle of the first sidewall 411 and the second sidewall 412 is too large. Although it can effectively block, reflect, or scatter invalid light, it may have a significant impact on the transmission path of the effective light. This may cause the effective light to fail to maintain its original optical path after passing through the first sidewall 411 and the second sidewall 412, thereby affecting the imaging effect of the optical system 200.

[0071] It should be noted that in the actual manufacturing process, the specific value of the first included angle α1 may fluctuate within a certain range (e.g., ±1°) within the range where the first included angle α1 satisfies the above-mentioned relationship. However, this fluctuation range will not have a significant impact on the overall performance of the optical conversion element 100, because this range has fully taken into account the blocking, reflection or scattering of invalid light and the impact on the effective optical path, and should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this patent.

[0072] By limiting the first included angle α1 to satisfy the above relationship, the tilt angle of the first groove relative to the second surface 40 can be reasonably controlled, so as to block, reflect or scatter the invalid light, while also reducing the impact on the original optical path of the effective light and improving the imaging quality of the optical system 200.

[0073] In some embodiments, the opening of the first groove 41 is located at the middle of the second surface 40 along the first direction X, where the first direction X is the direction from the first sub-reflective surface 31 to the second sub-reflective surface 32. Positioning the opening of the first groove 41 at the middle of the second surface 40 along the first direction X makes it easier for invalid light to be reflected or scattered by the first sidewall 411 and / or the second sidewall 412 when passing through the first groove 41, further reducing the impact of invalid light on the light-emitting region 20. Simultaneously, positioning the opening of the first groove 41 at the middle of the second surface 40 along the first direction X also helps maintain the structural symmetry of the light-shifting element 100, making the light-shifting element 100 easier to control and adjust during manufacturing and installation.

[0074] In some embodiments, the width of the first surface 12 is W in the direction from the first sub-reflective surface 31 to the second sub-reflective surface 32, and the groove depth of the first groove 41 is H in the direction from the first surface 12 to the second surface 40, wherein W / H satisfies 8≤W / H≤12.

[0075] By reasonably controlling the ratio between the width W of the first surface 12 and the groove depth H of the first groove 41, the blocking effect of the light-converting element 100 on invalid light and its impact on the effective light path can be further optimized. When the value of W / H is too small, that is, when the groove depth H is too large relative to the width W of the first surface 12, although it can block invalid light well, it may significantly obstruct the transmission path of effective light, causing some effective light to be blocked by the first groove 41 and unable to reach the light-emitting area 20 smoothly, thus affecting the imaging effect of the optical system 200. Conversely, when the value of W / H is too large, that is, when the groove depth H is too small relative to the width W of the first surface 12, the blocking, reflection, or scattering effect of the first groove 41 on invalid light is poor, which may cause some invalid light to still be reflected onto the light-emitting area 20 of the first surface 12, thereby forming a strong light spot on the image sensor 301, which will also affect the imaging quality.

[0076] Therefore, limiting the W / H ratio to between 8 and 12 can minimize the impact on the transmission path of effective light while ensuring effective blocking of ineffective light. Within this range, the specific value of W / H can be further refined according to the specific application scenario and requirements. For example, in applications requiring stronger blocking of ineffective light, a smaller W / H value can be selected; while in applications requiring smooth transmission of effective light, a larger W / H value can be selected.

[0077] Furthermore, it should be noted that the specific value of W / H may fluctuate within the aforementioned range during actual manufacturing. However, as long as this fluctuation remains within a reasonable range, it will not significantly affect the overall performance of the optical switching element 100. Therefore, during manufacturing, the value of W / H can be appropriately adjusted according to specific process conditions and manufacturing precision to meet the needs of practical applications.

[0078] In some embodiments, the first bottom wall surface 413 is a plane, and the first bottom wall surface 413 is parallel to the optical path of the effective light reflected from the first surface 12 to the second surface 40. Since the first bottom wall surface 413 is parallel to the optical path of the effective light reflected from the first surface 12 to the second surface 40, and the first bottom wall surface 413 is a plane, the influence of the first bottom wall 413 on the effective light can be minimized, so that the effective light is reflected as much as possible along the optical path direction to the second sub-reflecting surface 32, thereby allowing the second sub-reflecting surface 32 to reflect the effective light to the light-emitting area 20 as much as possible, thus ensuring the imaging quality of the optical system 200.

[0079] Optionally, a light-absorbing layer (not shown) is provided on the side of the first bottom wall surface 413 near the first surface 12. By providing the light-absorbing layer, ineffective light reflected onto the first bottom wall surface 413 can be absorbed or scattered, thereby blocking ineffective light and reducing the probability of ineffective light being reflected to the light-emitting area 20. For example, the material of the light-absorbing layer can be black ink or a metallic coating, thus allowing the light-absorbing layer to absorb or reflect ineffective light.

[0080] Please refer to the following: Figures 5 to 6A , Figure 5 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of the optical switching element disclosed in Embodiment 2 of this application. Figure 6A This is the second schematic diagram of the structure of the light-transforming element disclosed in Embodiment 2 of this application. In a second aspect, this application also discloses a light-transforming element 100, which may include a first surface 12, a reflective surface, and a second surface.

[0081] In some embodiments, the first surface 12 may include a light-incident region 10, and the second surface 40 may include a light-exiting region 20. The light-incident region 10 may be configured to receive light transmitted via the lens assembly 201 into the light-reflecting element 100. The light-exiting region 20 may be arranged parallel to the light-incident region 10, with the light-incident region 10 and the light-exiting region 20 located on two parallel planes. Thus, when the optical system 200 is applied to the camera module 300, the image sensor 301 of the camera module 300 is positioned corresponding to the light-exiting region 20. That is, the image sensor 301 and the lens assembly 201 are located on opposite sides of the light-reflecting element 100. This makes the overall structure of the camera module 300 more compact, facilitating its arrangement in the electronic device 400 and enabling the camera module 300 to meet the miniaturization design requirements of the electronic device 400.

[0082] In some embodiments, the second surface 40 and the first surface 12 are disposed opposite to each other.

[0083] In some embodiments, the reflective surface 30 may include a first sub-reflective surface 31 and a second sub-reflective surface 32, wherein the first sub-reflective surface 31 is connected between the light-incident region 10 of the first surface 12 and the second surface 40, and the second sub-reflective surface 32 is connected between the light-outcrystal region 20 of the first surface 12 and the second surface 40.

[0084] Optionally, the first sub-reflective surface 31 and the second sub-reflective surface 32 can be arranged in parallel, that is, the cross-sectional shape of the light-reflecting element 100 is formed as, for example, a parallelogram. It can be understood that when the effective light passing through the lens assembly of the optical system (i.e., the light entering the image sensor 301 according to the optical path designed by the optical system 200) enters the light-reflecting element 100, the optical path is roughly as follows: the effective light enters the light-reflecting element 100 through the light-incident area 10 of the first surface 12, undergoes a first reflection through the first sub-reflective surface 31, is then reflected back onto the first surface 12, then onto the second surface 40, and then is reflected back onto the light-exiting area 20 of the second surface 40 through the second sub-reflective surface 32, and finally leaves the outside of the light-reflecting element 100 through the light-exiting area 20, that is, the light is emitted onto the image sensor 301 for imaging. As can be seen, by employing the light-shifting element 100 of this application, multiple reflections of the light path can be achieved within the limited volume of the light-shifting element 100, thus extending the light path within the light-shifting element 100. This allows for a longer light path within a limited lens space, meeting telephoto requirements and enabling adaptation to miniaturized electronic devices 400. It is understood that the light-emitting region 20 is located on the second surface 40 at this time.

[0085] Of course, as in other embodiments, combined with Figure 6BThe optical path can also be roughly as follows: the effective light enters the light-transforming element 100 through the light-incident area 10 of the first surface 12, undergoes a first reflection through the first sub-reflecting surface 31, is then reflected back onto the first surface 12, then onto the second surface 40, and finally exits through the second sub-reflecting surface 32 to the outside of the light-transforming element 100, that is, the light is emitted onto the image sensor 301 for imaging. It can be understood that the light-emitting area 20 at this time is on the second sub-reflecting surface 32.

[0086] In some embodiments, a second groove 42 is provided on the second surface 40. The second groove 42 includes opposing third sidewalls 421 and fourth sidewalls 422 and a second bottom wall 423. The second bottom wall 423 is connected to the third sidewalls 421 and fourth sidewalls 422. The third sidewalls 421 and fourth sidewalls 422 are both connected to the second surface 40. The third sidewalls 421 and fourth sidewalls 422 are parallel to each other and inclined relative to the second surface 40. The second groove 42 is used to block at least part of the invalid light passing through the lens assembly 201 from being reflected to the second surface 40 by the second sub-reflective surface 32.

[0087] In some embodiments, a third groove 11 is provided on the first surface 12. The third groove 11 includes opposing fifth sidewalls 111 and sixth sidewalls 112 and a third bottom wall 113. The third bottom wall 113 is connected to the fifth sidewalls 111 and sixth sidewalls 112. The fifth sidewalls 111 and sixth sidewalls 112 are both connected to the first surface 12. The fifth sidewalls 111 and sixth sidewalls 112 are parallel to each other and inclined relative to the first surface 12. The third groove 11 is used to block at least part of the invalid light passing through the lens assembly 201 from being reflected by the second sub-reflective surface 32 to the light-emitting area 20 of the second surface 40.

[0088] Since the light-incident surface, light-exit surface, and reflective surface of the light-transforming element 100 are prone to generating stray light (i.e., invalid light), and the optical path of invalid light overlaps with the optical path of effective light, by providing a second groove 42 on the second surface 40 and / or providing a third groove 11 on the first surface 12, the invalid light can be effectively reflected by the third side wall 421 and the fourth side wall 422 to change the original optical path of invalid light, thereby preventing invalid light from being reflected back onto the optical path of effective light, and thus improving the imaging quality of the optical system 200.

[0089] Meanwhile, the third sidewall 421 and the fourth sidewall 422 are parallel to each other, which also allows the effective light reflected from the first surface 12 to the second surface 40 to maintain its original optical path after passing through the third sidewall 421 and the fourth sidewall 422 without being affected by the second groove 42; similarly, the fifth sidewall 111 and the sixth sidewall 112 are parallel to each other, which also allows the effective light reflected from the second surface 40 to the second sub-reflective surface 32 to maintain its original optical path after passing through the fifth sidewall 111 and the sixth sidewall 112 without being affected by the third groove 11. It can be seen that the light-deflecting element 100 of this embodiment can prevent invalid light from being concentrated and reflected onto the light-emitting area 20 of the second surface 40, thus preventing the formation of a strong light cluster in the image sensor 301, while also reducing the impact on the effective light path, which is beneficial to improving the imaging quality of the optical system 200.

[0090] In some embodiments, a second included angle α2 is formed between the fourth sidewall 422 and the second surface 40, and the second included angle α2 satisfies: arccos(n1 / n2)-β2≤α2≤arccos(n1 / n2). Where n1 is the refractive index of air, n2 is the refractive index of the light-transforming element 100, and β2 is the angle between the second surface 40 and the second bottom wall 423. When this second included angle α2 satisfies the above relationship, the tilt angle of the second groove 42 relative to the second surface 40 can be reasonably controlled, achieving the blocking, reflection, or scattering of ineffective light while also reducing the impact on the original optical path of effective light, thereby improving the imaging quality of the optical system 200.

[0091] In some embodiments, a third included angle α3 is formed between the sixth sidewall 112 and the first surface 12, and the third included angle α3 satisfies: arccos(n1 / n2)-β3≤α3≤arccos(n1 / n2). Here, n1 is the refractive index of air, n2 is the refractive index of the light-transforming element 100, and β3 is the angle between the first surface 12 and the third bottom wall 113. When this third included angle α3 satisfies the above relationship, the tilt angle of the third groove 11 relative to the first surface 12 can be reasonably controlled, achieving the blocking, reflection, or scattering of ineffective light while also reducing the impact on the original optical path of effective light, thereby improving the imaging quality of the optical system 200.

[0092] In some embodiments, the second bottom wall surface 423 is planar and parallel to the optical path of the effective light reflected from the first surface 12 to the second surface 40. Since the second bottom wall surface 423 is parallel to the optical path of the effective light reflected from the first surface 12 to the second surface 40, and the second bottom wall surface 423 is planar, the influence of the second bottom wall surface 423 on the effective light can be minimized, allowing the effective light to be reflected onto the first surface 12 along the optical path as much as possible. This, in turn, allows the first surface 12 to reflect the effective light onto the second sub-reflective surface 32, and finally, the second sub-reflective surface 32 reflects the effective light to the light-emitting region 20 of the second surface 40, thereby ensuring the imaging quality of the optical system 200.

[0093] In some embodiments, the third bottom wall surface 113 is planar and parallel to the optical path of the effective light reflected from the second surface 40 to the second sub-reflective surface 32. Since the third bottom wall surface 113 is parallel to the optical path of the effective light reflected from the second surface 40 to the second sub-reflective surface 32, and the third bottom wall surface 113 is planar, the influence of the third bottom wall surface 113 on the effective light can be minimized, allowing the effective light to be reflected onto the second sub-reflective surface 32 along the optical path as much as possible. This, in turn, allows the second sub-reflective surface 32 to reflect the effective light onto the light-emitting region 20 as much as possible, thereby ensuring the imaging quality of the optical system 200.

[0094] It is understood that, in the second aspect, the size design of the third groove 11 and the specific structure of the second groove 42 can be referred to the description of the first groove 41 in the first aspect, and will not be described here again.

[0095] Please see Figure 7 This application also discloses an optical system 200, which may include the light-deflecting element 100 as described above and a lens assembly 201, wherein the lens assembly 201 may be disposed corresponding to the light-incident area 10 of the first surface 12 of the light-deflecting element 100.

[0096] Therefore, the light-reflecting element 100 can fold the light within it multiple times to guide the light from the lens assembly 201 through the light-reflecting element 100 to the image sensor 301 in the camera module 300. Specifically, the effective light from the lens assembly 201 can sequentially pass through the light-incident area 10 and be transmitted into the light-reflecting element 100, thereby being reflected by the first sub-reflecting surface 31 and the second sub-reflecting surface 32, and finally being transmitted out of the light-reflecting element 100 through the light-outceasing area 20 and reaching the image sensor 301.

[0097] It is understandable that the light rays emitted from the lens assembly 201 mentioned above refer to the effective light, that is, the light path mentioned above is the light path of the effective light.

[0098] It is understood that in the optical system 200 of this application, the number of lenses included in the lens assembly 201 may include at least three, as long as the lens assembly 201 is correspondingly disposed at the light incident area 10 of the light deflection element 100, and the optical axis of the lens assembly 201 is perpendicular to the light incident area 10 of the light deflection element 100. This embodiment does not specifically limit the number of lenses included in the lens assembly 201.

[0099] For example, the lens assembly 201 may include four lenses, such as a first lens, a second lens, a third lens, and a fourth lens. These lenses may include an object-side surface facing the environment and an image-side surface opposite to the object-side surface. Regarding the surface shape and refractive power design of the four lenses, as long as the light from the lens assembly 201 can enter the light-reflecting element 100 through the light-incident area 10, this embodiment does not impose any limitations on the surface shape, refractive power, etc., of the lenses included in the lens assembly 201. Of course, as another example, the lens assembly 201 may also include five or more lenses.

[0100] Furthermore, the multiple lenses included in the lens assembly 201 can be made of various light-transmitting materials. For example, the multiple lenses may include a combination of glass lenses and plastic lenses. Alternatively, the multiple lenses may all be plastic lenses, or all of the multiple lenses may all be glass lenses. Similarly, the light-reflecting element 100 may also be made of, for example, glass or plastic; this embodiment does not specifically limit its use.

[0101] In addition, the lens assembly 201 may include multiple lenses, all of which may be spherical lenses, all of which may be aspherical lenses, or some of which may be spherical lenses and some of which may be aspherical lenses, etc. This embodiment does not make specific limitations in this regard.

[0102] It is understood that a spherical lens can refer to a lens that has the same curve with a similar spherical shape across at least one surface, while an aspherical lens can refer to a lens with a surface whose curvature gradually changes from the center of the lens outward to the edge.

[0103] Please see Figure 8 This application also discloses a camera module 300, which includes an image sensor 301 and an optical system 200 as described above. The image sensor 301 is disposed on the image side of the optical system 200. The light entering the optical system 200 includes effective light and ineffective light. Effective light refers to light that can enter the image sensor 301 according to the optical path designed by the optical system 200, and is typically the light of the scene or subject captured by the optical system 200. Ineffective light refers to the portion of the light entering the optical system 200 after removing the effective light, such as stray light from the environment.

[0104] In some embodiments, the optical system 200 includes the aforementioned lens assembly 201 and light-deflecting element 100. The light-deflecting element 100 may be optically arranged between the lens assembly 201 and the image sensor 301 along the optical transmission path of light from the lens assembly 201 to the image sensor 301, for folding the light path.

[0105] Specifically, the image sensor 301 is configured to correspond to the light-emitting region 20 of the first surface 12 of the light-reflecting element 100. Thus, effective light emitted from the lens assembly 201 can be transmitted from the light-incident region 10 into the light-reflecting element 100, then reflected by the first sub-reflecting surface 31 onto the first surface 12, and then reflected again onto the second sub-reflecting surface 32. The effective light reflected from the second sub-reflecting surface 32 then reaches the light-emitting region 20 of the light-reflecting element 100 and exits the light-reflecting element 100 at the light-emitting region 20, thereby focusing onto the image plane of the image sensor 301. Thus, the light-reflecting element 100 enables multiple folding transmission of light between the lens assembly 201 and the image sensor 301.

[0106] As described above, the light-incident region 10 and the light-exit region 20 of the light-deflecting element 100 are parallel. Therefore, the lens assembly 201 and the image sensor 301 can be disposed on the same side of the light-deflecting element 100, such that the lens assembly 201 corresponds to the light-incident region 10, and the image sensor 301 corresponds to the light-exit region 20. Furthermore, by configuring the light-deflecting element 100 in this way, the height along at least the optical axis or Z-axis of the optical system 200 can be reduced, thereby reducing the size of the optical system 200 and even the entire camera module 300.

[0107] Of course, as other embodiments, the lens assembly 201 and the image sensor 301 may also be disposed on different sides of the light-transforming element 100, and this application embodiment does not limit this.

[0108] Please see Figure 9 This application also discloses an electronic device 400, which may include a housing 401 and a camera module 300 as described above. The camera module 300 may be disposed in the housing 401 so that the camera module 300 can be used to capture images.

[0109] Please see Figure 10The electronic device 400 also includes a processor 402, a communication bus 403, at least one communication interface 404, and a memory 405. The processor 402 is communicatively connected to the camera module 300, the at least one communication interface 404, and the memory 405 via the communication bus 403. The electronic device 400 can be any of a variety of consumer devices that can be easily held in the user's hand during normal use. Specifically, the electronic device 400 can be a device equipped with a camera module 300, such as a smartphone, smartwatch, tablet computer, personal digital assistant (PDA), laptop computer, etc.

[0110] Processor 402 can be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processor 402, digital signal processor 402 (DSP), application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), field-programmable gate array (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. General-purpose processor 402 can be a microprocessor 402, or any conventional processor 402. Processor 402 is the control center of electronic device 400, connecting various parts of the electronic device 400 through various interfaces and lines. Communication bus 403 may include a path for transmitting information between the aforementioned components.

[0111] Communication interface 404 is for use with any transceiver or similar device to communicate with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), wireless local area network (WLAN), etc.

[0112] The memory 405 can be used to store computer programs and / or modules. The processor 402 implements various functions of the electronic device 400 by running or executing the computer programs and / or modules stored in the memory 405 and calling the data stored in the memory 405. The memory 405 may mainly include a program storage area and a data storage area. The program storage area may store the operating system, application programs required for multiple functions (such as sound playback function, image playback function, etc.), etc.; the data storage area may store data created according to the use of the electronic device 400 (such as audio data, telephone book, etc.). In addition, the memory 405 may include high-speed random access memory 405, and may also include non-volatile memory 405, such as hard disk, memory, plug-in hard disk, smart media card (SMC), secure digital (SD) card, flash card, multiple disk storage devices 405, flash memory devices, or other volatile solid-state storage devices 405. The memory 405 may exist independently and be connected to the processor 402 through a communication bus 403. The memory 405 may also be integrated with the processor 402.

[0113] In one implementation, the electronic device 400 may include a plurality of processors 402, for example Figure 10 CPU0 and CPU1 are mentioned. Each of these processors 402 can be a single-core (single-CPU) processor 402 or a multi-core (multi-CPU) processor 402. Here, processor 402 can refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores used to process data (e.g., computer program instructions).

[0114] In this embodiment, the electronic device 400 also includes a speaker 406 and a display screen 407 electrically connected to the processor 402. It is understood that the... Figure 10 This is merely an example of electronic device 400 and does not constitute a limitation on electronic device 400. Electronic device 400 may include more than [example of electronic device 400]. Figure 10 The electronic device 400 may include more or fewer components, or combinations of certain components, or different components, and may also include input / output devices, network access devices, etc., without limitation herein.

[0115] In one application scenario, the electronic device 400 is a consumer device such as a smartphone. When the processor 402 detects a trigger event of a virtual button in the corresponding camera application, it controls the camera module 300 to start and enter the shooting interface to facilitate the user in capturing images. It can be understood that the camera module 300 can be a front-facing camera module 300 or a rear-facing camera module 300 of the electronic device 400. The light-converting element, camera module, and electronic device disclosed in the embodiments of this application have been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this application. The descriptions of the above embodiments are only for the purpose of helping to understand the light-converting element, camera module, and electronic device of this application and their core ideas; at the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope based on the ideas of this application. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

Claims

1. An optical switching element, characterized in that, The light-shifting element is used in an optical system, and the light-shifting element includes: First surface; A second surface, wherein the second surface is disposed opposite to the first surface; and The reflective surface includes a first sub-reflective surface and a second sub-reflective surface. The first sub-reflective surface is connected between the first surface and the second surface, and the second sub-reflective surface is connected between the first surface and the second surface. The light entering the optical system includes effective light and ineffective light. The effective light can be transmitted through the first surface into the light-reflecting element, and then reflected sequentially by the first sub-reflective surface, the first surface, and the second sub-reflective surface before leaving the first surface and exiting to the outside of the light-reflecting element. Alternatively, the effective light can be transmitted through the first surface into the light-reflecting element, and then reflected sequentially by the first sub-reflective surface and the first surface before leaving the second sub-reflective surface and exiting to the outside of the light-reflecting element. A first groove is provided on the second surface. The first groove includes a first side wall and a second side wall and a first bottom wall. The first bottom wall is connected to the first side wall and the second side wall. The first side wall and the second side wall are both connected to the second surface. The first side wall and the second side wall are parallel to each other and inclined relative to the second surface. The first side wall and / or the second side wall are used to block at least part of the invalid light.

2. The optical switching element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second sidewall and the second surface form a first included angle α1, which satisfies: arccos(n1 / n2)-β1≤α1≤arccos(n1 / n2); Wherein, n1 is the refractive index of air, n2 is the refractive index of the light-transforming element, and β1 is the angle between the first bottom wall surface and the second surface.

3. The optical switching element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second sidewall and the second surface form a first included angle α1, which satisfies: 15°≤α1≤86°.

4. The optical switching element according to claim 1, characterized in that, Along the direction from the first sub-reflective surface to the second sub-reflective surface, the width of the first surface is W, and along the direction from the first surface to the second surface, the groove depth of the first groove is H, where W / H satisfies: 8≤W / H≤12.

5. The optical switching element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first bottom wall surface is a plane, and the first bottom wall surface is parallel to the light path of the effective light reflected from the first surface to the second surface; and / or, A light-absorbing layer is provided on the side of the first bottom wall surface closest to the first surface.

6. The optical switching element according to claim 1, characterized in that, The opening of the first groove is located at the middle of the second surface along the first direction; Wherein, the first direction is the direction from the first sub-reflective surface to the second sub-reflective surface.

7. An optical switching element, characterized in that, The light-shifting element is used in an optical system, and the light-shifting element includes: First surface; A second surface, which is disposed opposite to the first surface; The reflective surface includes a first sub-reflective surface and a second sub-reflective surface. The first sub-reflective surface is connected between the first surface and the second surface, and the second sub-reflective surface is connected between the first surface and the second surface. The first sub-reflective surface and the second sub-reflective surface are arranged parallel to each other. The light entering the optical system includes effective light and ineffective light. The effective light can be transmitted through the first surface into the light-reflecting element, and then reflected sequentially by the first sub-reflective surface, the first surface, the second surface, and the second sub-reflective surface before leaving the outside of the light-reflecting element from the second surface. Alternatively, the effective light can be transmitted through the first surface into the light-reflecting element, and then reflected sequentially by the first sub-reflective surface, the first surface, and the second surface before leaving the outside of the light-reflecting element from the second sub-reflective surface. A second groove is provided on the second surface. The second groove includes opposing third and fourth sidewalls and a second bottom wall. The second bottom wall is connected to the third and fourth sidewalls. The third and fourth sidewalls are both connected to the second surface. The third and fourth sidewalls are parallel to each other and inclined relative to the second surface. The second groove is used to block at least part of the invalid light from being reflected to the second surface by the second sub-reflective surface. And / or, A third groove is provided on the first surface. The third groove includes a fifth side wall and a sixth side wall and a third bottom wall. The third bottom wall is connected to the fifth side wall and the sixth side wall. The fifth side wall and the sixth side wall are both connected to the first surface. The fifth side wall and the sixth side wall are parallel to each other and inclined relative to the first surface. The third groove is used to block at least part of the invalid light from being reflected to the second surface by the second sub-reflective surface.

8. The optical switching element according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fourth sidewall and the second surface form a second included angle α2, which satisfies: arccos(n1 / n2)-β2≤α2≤arccos(n1 / n2); and / or, The sixth sidewall and the first surface form a third included angle α3, which satisfies: arccos(n1 / n2)-β3≤α3≤arccos(n1 / n2); and / or, The second bottom wall surface is a plane, and the second bottom wall surface is parallel to the light path of the effective light reflected from the first surface to the second surface; and / or, The third bottom wall surface is a plane, and the third bottom wall surface is parallel to the light path of the effective light reflected from the second surface to the second sub-reflective surface. Wherein, n1 is the refractive index of air, n2 is the refractive index of the light-transforming element, β2 is the angle between the second surface and the second bottom wall, and β3 is the angle between the first surface and the third bottom wall.

9. A camera module, characterized in that, The camera module includes the light-shifting element as described in any one of claims 1-8.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that, The electronic device includes a housing and a camera module as described in claim 9, wherein the camera module is disposed in the housing.

Images