Improved cotton picking mechanism assembly and cotton picker formed thereby

Abstract

The application relates to an improved cotton picking mechanism assembly and a cotton picker formed by the same, which comprises corresponding front sprockets and rear sprockets arranged on the front and rear sides of a front frame, a transmission chain sleeved between the corresponding front sprockets and rear sprockets, a plurality of strips arranged transversely arranged between the transmission chain, a plurality of cotton picking spindles inserted into the strips, a guide plate arranged on the lower side of each column of cotton picking spindles and fixedly connected with the front frame, a guide cover arranged on the outer cover of the front sprocket, a plurality of guide wheels arranged on the inner wall of the guide cover and in rolling contact with the outer end surface of the strip, and a reset plate arranged behind the lower side of the guide plate. The application reduces the use and maintenance cost of the cotton picking spindles and can uniformly pick cotton. The reset plate can ensure that the spindles are retracted and cannot be extended to be difficult to separate from the cotton during the process of stirring the cotton upward. The cotton separating mechanism can further ensure that the cotton is separated from the cotton picking spindles. Compared with the prior art, the application has better cotton picking and separating effects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of cotton harvesting machinery, and more particularly to an improved cotton harvesting mechanism assembly. Background Technology

[0002] With the improvement of cotton varieties and planting techniques, the yield per acre of cotton has been increasing, and correspondingly, the yield and volume of individual cotton plants have also significantly improved. Large-scale cotton harvesting and baling machines are now becoming increasingly common. These machines utilize spindles on several side-by-side picking spindles at the front to pull cotton off the cotton stalks, then use negative pressure to suck the cotton into a collection box, and finally send it to the baling mechanism at the rear for baling. The drive mechanisms of the several picking spindles are linked in series. As cotton yield and volume increase, a large amount of unshed cotton, leaves, and stalks that are gathered during the harvesting process enter the picking spindle inlet, creating significant resistance and placing a heavy load on the drive mechanism. If the power source is insufficient, the drive mechanism will stop.

[0003] The existing solution is to increase the driving force of the power source to give the drive mechanism enough driving force to drive the rotation of the cotton picking spindle, thereby adapting to the ever-increasing cotton production. However, this approach not only causes the cost of cotton picking machines to rise continuously, increasing costs for both manufacturers and users, but also leads to increased wear on the spindle needles and a reduced service life.

[0004] In the prior art, Chinese invention patent application number 201810061080.X, entitled "A cotton harvesting mechanism assembly and a cotton harvester composed thereof," proposes a retractable spindle structure. During harvesting, the spindle extends, and subsequently retracts to dislodge the cotton wrapped around it. The cotton is then sucked into the collection box by negative pressure. This method effectively protects the spindle on the cotton harvesting spindle, but the structure of the cotton harvesting spindle is relatively complex, resulting in high manufacturing costs. Furthermore, its reset mechanism is located at the entrance of the skid plate, which can cause the spindle to fail to retract in time. Some of the cotton wrapped around it will move to the upper side of the cotton harvesting device before dislodging, thus affecting the centralized collection of cotton. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this application is to propose an improved cotton harvesting mechanism assembly that extends the service life of cotton harvesting spindles and improves cotton harvesting efficiency.

[0006] The purpose of this application is achieved as follows: an improved cotton picking mechanism assembly includes corresponding front sprockets and rear sprockets arranged on the front and rear sides of the front frame, with a transmission chain sleeved between the corresponding front and rear sprockets, and several transversely arranged strips installed between the transmission chain; several cotton picking spindles are inserted into the strips, and a guide plate is provided on the lower side of each row of cotton picking spindles, the guide plate being fixedly connected to the front frame; a guide cover is provided over the front sprocket, and several guide wheels are arranged around the inner wall of the guide cover, the guide wheels making rolling contact with the outer end face of the strips; a reset plate is provided behind the lower side of the guide plate.

[0007] A drive shaft is installed on the front side of the front frame, and two drive wheels are installed on the left and right sides of the drive shaft. Two front sprockets are installed on the left and right sides of the drive shaft between the two drive wheels. A rear axle is installed on the rear side of the front frame, and rear sprockets corresponding to the front sprockets are set on the left and right sides of the rear axle. A transmission chain is sleeved between the corresponding front sprockets and rear sprockets, and a belt is installed between the two transmission chains.

[0008] The belt is equipped with crank arms on both sides. The crank arms include an upper crank arm, a lower crank arm, and a connecting arm. One end of the horizontally arranged upper crank arm is integrally connected to the upper end of the vertically arranged connecting arm. The inner end of the lower crank arm, which is arranged in the opposite direction to the upper crank arm, is integrally connected to the lower end of the connecting arm. The other end of the upper crank arm passes through the transmission chain and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the belt. The lower crank arm is in contact with the drive wheel.

[0009] The guide plate includes an arc segment and a straight segment. The arc segment is arranged with the drive shaft as the center. The upper side of the arc segment is integrally connected to the upper straight segment, and the lower side of the arc segment is integrally connected to the lower straight segment.

[0010] The rear end of the upper straight segment is the guide entrance, and the rear end of the lower straight segment is the guide exit. The rear end of the upper straight segment is an inclined plane that gradually rises from back to front, and the rear end of the lower straight segment is a reverse inclined plane that gradually rises from front to back.

[0011] The cotton picking spindle includes an integrally connected shuttle-shaped spindle head and a cylindrical spindle body. Several through holes are opened on the hollow spindle head, and pairs of guide posts are set on both sides of the through holes. A lower spindle rod is inserted into the spindle body. The upper end of the lower spindle rod extends into the spindle head and is connected to the upper spindle rod. Several spindle needles corresponding to the through holes are set on the upper spindle rod. The upper end of the spindle needle is located between the pairs of guide posts. The lower end of the lower spindle rod extends out of the spindle body and is equipped with a guide head. A spring is sleeved on the lower spindle rod between the guide head and the spindle body.

[0012] Ball bearings are installed on the lower end face of the guide head, and the ball bearings make rolling contact with the guide plate.

[0013] The guide head is an inverted frustum shape, smaller at the bottom and larger at the top. This structure can be matched with the inclined surfaces at the rear ends of the aforementioned upper and lower straight segments for guidance.

[0014] The device includes a rear frame, the front of which is connected to the rear of the front frame. A cotton-holding cloth extending from the front of the front frame is installed on the rear frame, with the front of the cotton-holding cloth located below the front frame. A cotton-removing mechanism and a cotton-collecting box are installed on the rear frame. The cotton-removing mechanism includes a rotating shaft and a cotton-removing plate. The cotton-removing plate can rotate under the drive of the rotating shaft and is used to further remove the cotton wrapped around the cotton-collecting spindle. A cotton-suction device is provided below the cotton-removing mechanism. The cotton-suction device provides negative pressure to suck the cotton into the cotton-storage box.

[0015] By implementing the above technical solutions, this application reduces usage and maintenance costs by setting up cotton-picking spindles with retractable needles. The guide cover and guide wheels ensure the cotton-picking belt remains stable during the picking process, preventing uneven picking due to force-induced bouncing. A reset plate at a suitable location ensures the needles retract, preventing them from extending and becoming difficult to detach from the cotton during upward cotton stirring. A cotton-removing mechanism further ensures the separation of cotton from the cotton-picking spindle. Compared to existing technologies, this application offers better cotton picking and removal performance. Attached Figure Description

[0016] The specific structure of this application is given by the following figures and embodiments: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a cotton harvester with an improved cotton harvesting mechanism assembly; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the guiding mechanism; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of an improved cotton harvesting mechanism assembly; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure connecting the drive wheel, crank arm, and belt; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cotton picking spindle when the spindle needle is extended; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cotton picking spindle when the spindle needle retracts. Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the cotton picking spindle.

[0017] Legend: 1. Cotton picking spindle; 1-1. Spindle head; 1-2. Guide column; 1-3. Spindle needle; 1-4. Upper spindle rod; 1-5. Lower spindle rod; 1-6. Spring; 1-7. Guide head; 1-8. Ball bearing; 2. Cotton removal mechanism; 3. Rear frame; 4. Cotton collection box; 5. Fan; 6. Cotton lining cloth; 7. Rear driven wheel; 8. Reset plate; 9. Front frame; 10. Guide plate; 10-1. Upper straight section; 10-2. Arc section; 10-3. Lower straight section; 10-4. Transition section; 11. Front sprocket; 12. Drive chain; 13. Guide cover; 14. Guide wheel; 15. Drive shaft; 16. Belt; 17. Crank arm; 18. Drive wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0018] This application is not limited to the following embodiments, and the specific implementation method can be determined according to the technical solution of this application and the actual situation.

[0019] In this utility model, for ease of description, the description of the relative positions of the components is based on the appendix to the specification. Figure 1 The layout is described using a diagrammatic method, such as the positional relationships of top, bottom, left, and right, which are based on the instructions attached. Figure 1 The orientation of the layout determines the direction; for example, left and right are rows, which are also horizontal, and front and back are columns, which are also vertical.

[0020] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings. Embodiments: as shown in the attached drawings. Figure 1-7 As shown, an improved cotton picking mechanism assembly includes corresponding front sprockets 11 and rear sprockets 7 arranged on the front and rear sides of the front frame 9. A transmission chain 12 is sleeved between the corresponding front sprockets 11 and rear sprockets 7. Several transversely arranged strips 16 are installed between the transmission chains 12. Several cotton picking spindles 1 are inserted into the strips 16. A guide plate 10 is provided on the lower side of each row of cotton picking spindles 1. The guide plate 10 is fixedly connected to the front frame 9. A guide cover 13 is provided over the front sprockets 11. Several guide wheels 14 are arranged around the inner wall of the guide cover 13. The guide wheels 14 roll in contact with the outer end face of the strips 16. A reset plate 8 is provided behind the lower side of the guide plate 10.

[0021] Furthermore, such as Figure 1 , 3 As shown, a drive shaft 15 is installed on the front side of the front frame 8, and two drive wheels 18 are installed on the left and right sides of the drive shaft 15. Two front sprockets 11 are installed on the left and right sides of the drive shaft 15 between the two drive wheels 18. A rear axle is installed on the rear side of the front frame 8, and rear sprockets 7 corresponding to the front sprockets 11 are arranged on the left and right sides of the rear axle. A transmission chain 12 is sleeved between the corresponding front sprockets 11 and rear sprockets 7, and a strip 16 is installed between the two transmission chains 12.

[0022] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 , 4 As shown, crank arms 17 are installed on both sides of the belt 16. Each crank arm 17 includes an upper crank arm, a lower crank arm, and a connecting arm. One end of the horizontally arranged upper crank arm is integrally connected to the upper end of the vertically arranged connecting arm. The inner end of the lower crank arm, which is arranged in the opposite direction to the upper crank arm, is integrally connected to the lower end of the connecting arm. The other end of the upper crank arm passes through the transmission chain 12 and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the belt 16. The lower crank arm is in actuated contact with the drive wheel 18. Furthermore, the drive wheel 18 is a gear, and the lower crank arm extends into the teeth of the gear.

[0023] Furthermore, such as Figure 1-3As shown, the guide plate 10 includes an arc segment 10-2 and a straight segment. The arc segment 10-2 is arranged with the drive shaft 15 as the center. The upper side of the arc segment 10-2 is integrally connected to the upper straight segment 10-1, and the lower side of the arc segment 10-2 is integrally connected to the lower straight segment 10-3.

[0024] Furthermore, such as Figure 3 As shown, a transition section 10-4 is provided at the connection between the arc segment 10-2 and the upper horizontal segment 10-1. The strip 16 is guided by the guide wheel 14, which is arranged in the same phase as the guide plate 10, so that the strip 16 can smoothly enter between the guide cover 13 and the front sprocket 11, thereby ensuring that after the cotton picking spindle 1 enters the area of ​​the guide plate 10, the spindle needle 1-3 can smoothly extend to perform cotton picking operation.

[0025] Furthermore, the reset plate 8 is located on the rear side of the lower straight segment 10-3.

[0026] Furthermore, the rear end of the upper straight segment 10-1 is the guide entrance, the rear end of the lower straight segment 10-3 is the guide exit, the rear end of the upper straight segment 10-1 is an inclined plane that gradually rises from back to front, and the rear end of the lower straight segment 10-3 is a reverse inclined plane that gradually rises from front to back.

[0027] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 , 5 As shown in Figure 6, the cotton picking spindle 1 includes an integrally connected shuttle-shaped spindle head 1-1 and a cylindrical spindle body. Several through holes are opened on the hollow spindle head 1-1. Pairs of guide posts 1-2 are arranged on both sides of the through holes. A lower spindle rod 1-5 is inserted into the spindle body. The upper end of the lower spindle rod 1-5 extends into the spindle head 1-1 and is connected to the upper spindle rod 1-4. Several spindle needles 1-3 corresponding to the through holes are arranged on the upper spindle rod 1-4. The upper ends of the spindle needles 1-3 are located between the pairs of guide posts 1-2. The lower end of the lower spindle rod 1-5 extends out of the spindle body and is equipped with a guide head 1-7. A spring 1-6 is sleeved on the lower spindle rod 1-5 between the guide head 1-7 and the spindle body.

[0028] Furthermore, ball bearings 1-8 are installed on the lower end face of the guide head 1-7. The ball bearings 1-8 roll in contact with the guide plate 10, reducing the wear between the guide head 1-7 and the guide plate 10.

[0029] Furthermore, the guide head 1-7 is an inverted frustum shape with a smaller bottom and a larger top. This structure can match the inclined surfaces at the rear end of the aforementioned upper straight section 10-1 and the rear end of the lower straight section 10-3 for guidance, allowing the guide head 1-7 to smoothly enter between the guide cover 13 and the front sprocket 11. The guide plate 10 squeezes the guide head 1-7, allowing the spindle needle 1-3 to extend smoothly for cotton picking operations.

[0030] like Figure 1As shown, a cotton harvester includes a rear frame 3, the front side of which is connected to the rear side of a front frame 9. A cotton-collecting cloth 6 extending from the front side of the front frame 9 is provided on the rear frame 3, with the front side of the cotton-collecting cloth 6 located below the front frame 9. A cotton-removing mechanism 2 and a cotton-collecting box 4 are mounted on the rear frame 3. The cotton-removing mechanism 2 includes a rotating shaft and a cotton-removing plate. The cotton-removing plate can rotate under the drive of the rotating shaft. The end of the cotton-removing plate contacts the cotton-collecting spindle 1. When the cotton-collecting spindle 1 conveys cotton to the cotton-removing mechanism 2, the cotton-removing plate removes the cotton from the cotton-collecting spindle 1. A cotton-suction device is provided on one side of the cotton-removing mechanism 2. The cotton-suction device includes a fan 5. A cotton-suction head that can suck up cotton is provided at the air inlet of the fan 5. The air outlet of the fan 5 is connected to the cotton-collecting box 4. The negative pressure provided by the fan 5 sucks the cotton into the cotton-collecting box 4. The cotton-collecting device composed of the cotton-suction device and the cotton-collecting box 4 is prior art, and its specific structure is not the point of this invention and will not be described in detail here.

[0031] In this application, after the cotton picking spindle 1 rotates with the transmission chain 12 to the guide entrance of the guide plate 10, the guide head 1-7 moves along the guide plate 10, pushing the lower spindle rod 1-5 and the upper spindle rod 1-4 inward, thereby causing the spindle needle 1-3 to move upward. Under the limitation of the guide post 1-2, the spindle needle 1-3 extends out from the through hole. When the cotton picking spindle 1 rotates to the front side, the spindle needle 1-3 can pick the cotton on the cotton plant.

[0032] The cotton-collecting spindle 1 continues to rotate until it reaches the guide outlet of the guide plate 10. The guide head 1-7 gradually disengages from the guide plate 10. Under the action of the spring 1-6, the guide head 1-7 pulls the lower spindle rod 1-5 and the upper spindle rod 1-4 outward, causing the spindle needle 1-3 to move downward and retract into the spindle head 1-1. Continuing to rotate, when the guide head 1-7 contacts the reset plate 8, the reset plate 8 will further push the guide head 1-7, ensuring that the spindle needle 1-3 retracts into the spindle head 1-1. At this point, due to the obstruction of the through hole, most of the cotton and cotton leaves on the spindle needle 1-3 will fall onto the cotton-collecting cloth 6. The spindle head 1-1, now with the spindle needle 1-3 retracted, will stir the cotton upward along the cotton-collecting cloth 6 until it reaches the suction port and is sucked into the cotton-collecting box 4. Some cotton still entangled on the spindle head 1-1 will be swept off onto the cotton-collecting cloth 6 by the cotton-removing mechanism 2.

[0033] The above description is merely an example for clearly illustrating this application and is not intended to limit the implementation of this application. Any obvious variations or modifications derived from the technical solutions of this application are still within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. An improved cotton harvesting mechanism assembly characterized by: It includes corresponding front and rear sprockets located on the front and rear sides of the front frame, with a drive chain connecting the corresponding front and rear sprockets. Several horizontally arranged strips are installed between the drive chains. Several cotton picking spindles are inserted into the strips. A guide plate is provided under each row of cotton picking spindles and is fixedly connected to the front frame. A guide cover is provided around the front sprockets, and several guide wheels are provided around the inner wall of the guide cover. The guide wheels make rolling contact with the outer end face of the strip. A reset plate is provided behind the lower side of the guide plate.

2. An improved cotton harvesting mechanism assembly as claimed in claim 1 wherein: A drive shaft is installed on the front side of the front frame, and two drive wheels are installed on the left and right sides of the drive shaft. Two front sprockets are installed on the left and right sides of the drive shaft between the two drive wheels. A rear axle is installed on the rear side of the front frame, and rear sprockets corresponding to the front sprockets are set on the left and right sides of the rear axle. A transmission chain is sleeved between the corresponding front sprockets and rear sprockets, and a belt is installed between the two transmission chains.

3. An improved cotton harvesting mechanism assembly as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The belt is equipped with crank arms on both sides. The crank arms include an upper crank arm, a lower crank arm, and a connecting arm. One end of the horizontally arranged upper crank arm is integrally connected to the upper end of the vertically arranged connecting arm. The inner end of the lower crank arm, which is arranged in the opposite direction to the upper crank arm, is integrally connected to the lower end of the connecting arm. The other end of the upper crank arm passes through the transmission chain and is fixedly connected to the side wall of the belt. The lower crank arm is in contact with the drive wheel.

4. An improved cotton harvesting mechanism assembly as claimed in claim 1 wherein: The guide plate includes an arc segment and a straight segment. The arc segment is arranged with the drive shaft as the center. The upper side of the arc segment is integrally connected to the upper straight segment, and the lower side of the arc segment is integrally connected to the lower straight segment.

5. An improved cotton harvesting mechanism assembly as claimed in claim 4 wherein: The rear end of the upper straight segment is the guide entrance, and the rear end of the lower straight segment is the guide exit. The rear end of the upper straight segment is an inclined plane that gradually rises from back to front, and the rear end of the lower straight segment is a reverse inclined plane that gradually rises from front to back.

6. An improved cotton harvesting mechanism assembly as claimed in claim 4 or 5 wherein: The cotton picking spindle includes an integrally connected shuttle-shaped spindle head and a cylindrical spindle body. Several through holes are opened on the hollow spindle head, and pairs of guide posts are set on both sides of the through holes. A lower spindle rod is inserted into the spindle body. The upper end of the lower spindle rod extends into the spindle head and is connected to the upper spindle rod. Several spindle needles corresponding to the through holes are set on the upper spindle rod. The upper end of the spindle needle is located between the pairs of guide posts. The lower end of the lower spindle rod extends out of the spindle body and is equipped with a guide head. A spring is sleeved on the lower spindle rod between the guide head and the spindle body.

7. An improved cotton harvesting mechanism assembly as claimed in claim 6 wherein: Ball bearings are installed on the lower end face of the guide head, and the ball bearings make rolling contact with the guide plate.

8. An improved cotton harvesting mechanism assembly as claimed in claim 7 wherein: The guide head is an inverted frustum shape, smaller at the bottom and larger at the top. This structure can be matched with the inclined surfaces of the rear ends of the aforementioned upper and lower straight segments for guidance.

9. A cotton harvester, characterized in that: The improved cotton harvesting mechanism assembly, as described in any one of claims 1-8, further includes a rear frame, the front side of which is connected to the rear side of the front frame. A cotton-collecting cloth extending from the front side of the front frame is provided on the rear frame, with the front side of the cotton-collecting cloth located below the front frame. A cotton-removing mechanism and a cotton-collecting box are installed on the rear frame. The cotton-removing mechanism includes a rotating shaft and a cotton-removing plate. The cotton-removing plate can rotate under the drive of the rotating shaft and is used to further remove the cotton wrapped around the cotton-harvesting spindle. A cotton-suction device is provided below the cotton-removing mechanism, and the cotton-suction device provides negative pressure to suck the cotton into the cotton-storage box.

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