Wheat seed sample screening device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of seed selection, and in particular relates to a wheat seed sample screening device, which comprises a rack installed on the ground; a screening cylinder arranged on the rack, a top wall of the screening cylinder being provided with an inlet, a disturbance disc being rotatably arranged in the screening cylinder, and a lower bottom wall of the screening cylinder being provided with a discharge port; a discharge channel arranged on the rack, located below the screening cylinder, in communication with the discharge port, and in communication with an external environment at an end portion, and provided with a falling port; a blowing piece arranged at one end of the discharge channel and used for blowing the seeds falling from the discharge port; a screen mesh sliding on the rack in a horizontal direction and located below the falling port; a driving assembly arranged on the rack and connected with the screen mesh and used for driving the screen mesh to slide; and a receiving box arranged on the rack and located below the screen mesh. The application has the advantages that the screening efficiency and seed cleanliness are remarkably improved, the blowing piece actively blows the seeds when the seeds fall, and light impurities are effectively removed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of seed breeding, and in particular to a wheat seed sample screening device. Background Technology

[0002] As a major food crop, the purity and quality of wheat varieties are key factors affecting yield. In breeding, research, and seed quality testing, precise screening of wheat seed samples is necessary to remove impurities (such as soil clods, sand, broken leaves, shriveled grains, and seeds from other varieties) to obtain pure, uniform, and highly vigorous experimental seeds. Traditional manual screening methods are inefficient and inconsistent, failing to meet the demands of modern precision agriculture.

[0003] Currently, most automated screening equipment on the market uses vibrating sieving technology. This type of equipment typically has one or more inclined screens, which are driven by a motor to vibrate at high frequency. When a wheat seed sample is poured into the screen, impurities smaller than the screen openings (such as fine sand and chaff) pass through due to the vibration, while seeds of the correct size move along the screen surface and are eventually collected. This device has a relatively simple structure and is widely used.

[0004] However, existing vibrating screening devices have significant drawbacks. First, they are ineffective at screening impurities similar in size to wheat seeds (such as short stems and broken leaves), easily causing blockages or mixing. Second, because they rely solely on planar vibration, the movement trajectories of seeds and impurities on the screen surface are limited, and some lightweight impurities (such as husks and dust) cannot be effectively separated, resulting in incomplete screening and low cleanliness. Utility Model Content

[0005] This application provides a wheat seed sample screening device, which can at least partially solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0006] This application provides a wheat seed sample screening device, which adopts the following technical solution: A wheat seed sample screening device, comprising: The rack is installed on the ground; A screening cylinder is mounted on the frame, with a feed inlet on the top wall, a rotating agitator inside, and a discharge outlet on the bottom wall. The discharge channel is located on the frame, below the screening cylinder, connected to the discharge port, and its end is connected to the external environment, and it has a drop outlet. A blower is provided at one end of the discharge channel to blow the seeds falling from the discharge port; The screen slides horizontally on the frame, located below the drop inlet; A drive assembly, mounted on the frame and connected to the screen, is used to drive the screen to slide. The receiving box is mounted on the frame and located below the screen.

[0007] By adopting the above technical solution, wheat seed samples are fed into the inlet of the screening cylinder. The rotating agitator inside the screening cylinder initially collidees and agitates the seeds, loosening and separating them from impurities (such as clods of soil and broken leaves). The seeds then fall from the outlet into the discharge channel. During this descent, an airflow (such as a blower) blows the seeds away, removing light impurities (such as dust and husks). The seeds continue to fall from the discharge channel onto the screen, where a drive assembly moves the screen horizontally back and forth, ensuring even distribution of the seeds and performing screening. Qualified seeds pass through the screen and fall into the receiving port below. The material bin separates large impurities (such as stems and stones) from the seed stalks, leaving them on the screen surface. Through a continuous process of "initial rotation and collision (disturbance disc) → falling and blowing (blowing component) → screen shaking (drive component)," multi-stage screening is achieved, overcoming the limitations of a single vibrating screen and significantly improving screening efficiency and seed cleanliness. The blowing component actively blows the seeds as they fall, effectively removing light impurities and compensating for the poor separation of dust and broken leaves in the vibrating screens of the prior art. The horizontal sliding of the screen is gentler than traditional high-frequency vibration, reducing the risk of mechanical damage and helping to maintain seed viability, making it suitable for scientific research and breeding.

[0008] Optionally, the drive assembly includes a drive motor, a cam, and a return spring. The drive motor is mounted on the frame at one end in the direction of the screen's movement. The cam is mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor and can abut against one end of the screen. The return spring is mounted on the frame at the end of the screen away from the cam and is used to drive the screen closer to the cam.

[0009] By adopting the above technical solution, after the drive motor starts, the cam rotates with the output shaft. When the cam protrusion contacts one end of the screen, it pushes the screen to move horizontally; after the cam passes the protrusion, the elastic force of the return spring pulls the screen back to its original position. This process is repeated, causing the screen to continuously slide back and forth. The combination of the cam and return spring has a simple structure, low cost, and is easy to maintain. It can produce stable reciprocating motion, ensuring uniform sieving. By adjusting the cam shape or the motor speed, the movement amplitude and frequency of the screen can be precisely controlled to adapt to the sieving needs of different seed samples. This enhances the shaking effect of the screen, further reducing seed accumulation and screen hole clogging, and improving the thoroughness of sieving.

[0010] Optionally, sliding rods are provided at both ends of the screen sliding direction, and the sliding rods slide and rotate on the frame; a rotating assembly is provided on the frame, and the rotating assembly is connected to the sliding rods to drive the sliding rods to rotate.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, when the screen slides horizontally, the sliding rods at both ends slide and rotate on the frame accordingly. The rotating component acts on the sliding rods, causing them to rotate simultaneously during the sliding process, thereby driving the screen to add swaying or rotational motion to the horizontal swaying motion. The combination of horizontal sliding and rotation of the screen makes the seeds present a complex motion trajectory on the screen surface, avoiding impurities from clogging the screen holes and improving the uniformity and efficiency of screening. The multi-dimensional motion can handle moist or easily sticky seed samples, reducing clumping. Based on the cam-driven reciprocating motion, rotational freedom is added, forming a composite motion of "left and right swaying + swaying rotation". Compared with the single vibration in the background technology, this significantly improves the separation effect of seeds and impurities, and is especially suitable for the separation of impurities of similar size.

[0012] Optionally, the rotating assembly includes a drive ring and a drive ball. The drive ball is disposed on the sliding rod, and the drive ring is disposed on the frame. The sliding rod slides and rotates within the drive ring. A spiral groove is formed on the inner wall of the drive ring, and the drive ball slides within the spiral groove.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the driving ball on the sliding rod slides into the spiral groove of the driving ring as the screen slides. Due to the path constraint of the spiral groove, the driving ball is forced to rotate along the groove during the sliding process, thereby driving the sliding rod to rotate, and finally causing the screen to swing and rotate. The design of the driving ring and spiral groove automatically converts linear sliding into rotational motion, without the need for an additional power source. The structure is ingenious and energy consumption is low. The pitch and shape of the spiral groove can be designed to be adjustable to control the rotation amplitude of the screen and adapt to different screening conditions. This makes the movement of the screen more complex, further preventing impurities from being retained and improving the cleanliness of the screening. After combination, the screen has both left and right swaying and swinging rotation, fully simulating the multi-dimensional actions of manual screening and improving the level of automation.

[0014] Optionally, a discharge port is provided on one side of the screen sliding direction, and a sealing door is detachably connected to the discharge port.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, after screening, the operator opens the detachable sealing door on the discharge port, and large impurities remaining on the screen (such as large particles or materials that have not passed through the screen) are discharged from the discharge port, facilitating collection and processing. The discharge port design simplifies the impurity removal process, eliminating the need to disassemble the screen, improving operational efficiency, and reducing downtime. The detachable sealing door facilitates cleaning and maintenance of the screen, extending the lifespan of the device. It ensures the sustainability of the screen during long-term use, preventing impurity accumulation from affecting the screening effect. Especially when used in conjunction with a multi-dimensional motion screen, the discharge port can quickly discharge blockages, keeping the screen holes clear.

[0016] Optionally, a collection box is provided on the frame. The collection box is detachably connected to the end of the discharge channel away from the blower. A baffle is provided on the collection box. The baffle is adapted to the aperture of the discharge channel and there is a drop gap between the baffle and the discharge channel.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the light impurities blown out by the blower flow along the discharge channel to the end with the airflow; the collection box covers the end of the discharge channel with a baffle net, the airflow passes through the baffle net, but the impurities are blocked and fall into the collection box; the drop gap between the baffle net and the discharge channel ensures that the impurities settle effectively; the light impurities separated by wind are collected specifically to avoid the impurities flying and polluting the environment, which meets the environmental protection requirements; the collection box is easy to disassemble and clean, keeping the device hygienic.

[0018] Optionally, the receiving box is provided with a screening screen, the aperture of which is smaller than that of the sieve, and is inclined. The receiving box is provided with a collection hole, which corresponds to the lower end of the screening screen. A second-level screening chamber is formed between the screening screen and the bottom wall of the receiving box.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, after the seeds fall from the screen into the receiving box, they first fall onto the inclined screening screen. The screening screen performs secondary screening, and smaller impurities (such as fine sand and chaff) fall through the screen into the second-stage screening chamber, while qualified seeds slide along the inclined surface to the collection hole and are discharged. Small impurities are finally collected from the collection hole or collected separately. The secondary screening further separates tiny impurities, improves seed purity, and meets the needs of high-standard scientific research. The inclined screening screen facilitates the automatic flow of seeds to the collection point and reduces residue.

[0020] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects: 1. Multi-stage screening is achieved, overcoming the limitations of a single vibrating screen and significantly improving screening efficiency and seed cleanliness; the blowing component actively blows the seeds as they fall, effectively removing light impurities and making up for the shortcomings of the vibrating screen in the background technology in separating dust and broken leaves; the horizontal sliding of the screen is gentler than traditional high-frequency vibration, reducing the risk of mechanical damage and helping to maintain seed vigor, making it suitable for scientific research and breeding. 2. The screen can simultaneously sway left and right and rotate, fully simulating the multi-dimensional actions of manual sieving and improving the level of automation; 3. The drop gap between the baffle and the discharge channel ensures effective settling of impurities; it is specially designed to collect light impurities separated by wind, preventing impurities from flying and polluting the environment, thus meeting environmental protection requirements; the collection box is easy to disassemble and clean, keeping the device hygienic. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is an overall structural diagram of the screening device in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2This is a detailed structural diagram of the rotating component in the embodiments of this application; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the sliding rod and drive ring in an embodiment of this application.

[0022] Reference numerals: 100, frame; 200, screening cylinder; 210, feed inlet; 220, agitator; 230, discharge port; 300, discharge channel; 310, drop outlet; 400, blower; 510, screen; 511, discharge port; 520, drive assembly; 521, drive motor; 522, cam; 523, return spring; 530, receiving box; 531, collection hole; 532, second grading screening chamber; 540, sliding rod; 550, rotating assembly; 551, drive ring; 552, drive ball; 553, spiral groove; 560, sealing gate; 570, collection box; 580, baffle; 610, screening screen. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions described below in conjunction with the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0024] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2 This embodiment provides a wheat seed sample screening device, the core design of which lies in constructing a continuous multi-stage cleaning production line. The device integrates, from top to bottom, a rotary screening cylinder 200 for preliminary material dispersion, a negative pressure air separation channel for removing light impurities, and a planar screen 510 capable of complex multi-dimensional motion. All components are securely connected by a frame 100, ensuring operational stability and continuity. During operation, the wheat seed sample is first dispersed and pre-cleaned within the screening cylinder 200 by a rotating agitator 220. Then, during its descent, it is blown by airflow to remove light impurities such as husks and dust. Finally, it undergoes fine screening on the screen 510 through a unique composite motion combining horizontal reciprocating sliding and oscillating rotation, thus efficiently and effectively completing the seed sample purification process.

[0025] The frame 100 serves as the supporting structure for the entire device, its bottom firmly mounted on the ground or workbench, providing a stable mounting foundation for the upper functional components. The screening cylinder 200 is located on top of the frame 100. This cylindrical cylinder has a feed inlet 210 at the center of its top wall for feeding wheat seed samples to be screened. Inside the screening cylinder 200, a horizontally mounted rotatable agitator 220 is positioned, with its axis horizontal. The surface of the agitator 220 is not smooth but has several raised blades or ribs. When an external power source (such as a motor) drives the agitator 220 to rotate via a transmission mechanism, these blades effectively collide, scatter, and initially agitate the seed samples falling from the feed inlet 210, breaking up clumps of seeds and removing some loosely attached impurities (such as broken leaves and loose soil), completing the first stage of pretreatment.

[0026] A discharge port 230 is located at the center of the lower bottom wall of the screening cylinder 200. The pre-treated mixture of seeds and impurities falls through this discharge port 230. Directly below the screening cylinder 200, a generally horizontal discharge channel 300 is fixedly installed on the frame 100. One end of the discharge channel 300 is connected to the discharge port 230 of the screening cylinder 200 via a flange or flexible connection to ensure smooth material introduction. The bottom of the discharge channel 300 is not completely closed; a conical drop outlet 310 is located near its middle and rear section. At the end of the discharge channel 300 furthest from the connection point with the discharge port 230, a blower 400, such as a centrifugal fan, is installed. When the fan is started, the generated airflow blows in from the end of the discharge channel 300, forming an air curtain that passes through the entire cross-section of the discharge channel 300. As the seed mixture falls from the feed inlet 230 and passes above the drop outlet 310 within the discharge channel 300, the airflow blows the falling seeds. Lighter impurities, such as glumes, broken stems and leaves, and dust, are blown towards the other end of the discharge channel 300 by the airflow, while heavier, plump seeds continue to fall almost vertically through the drop outlet 310, thus achieving a second-stage air separation cleaning based on the difference in gravity and wind resistance.

[0027] To collect lightweight impurities blown out by the blower 400, a collection box 570 is detachably connected to the end of the discharge channel 300, i.e., in front of the blower's airflow outlet. A baffle 580 is installed at the inlet of the collection box 570. The mesh size of the baffle 580 allows airflow to pass through while effectively blocking lightweight impurities. A certain drop gap is maintained between the baffle 580 and the outlet end face of the discharge channel 300, allowing the blocked lightweight impurities to fall into the collection box 570 under gravity for centralized processing, thus avoiding environmental pollution.

[0028] Seeds passing through the bottom drop port 310 of the discharge channel 300 fall directly onto the screen 510 located directly below it; the screen 510 is horizontally mounted on the frame 100 via its frame, and its mounting method allows it to reciprocate in the horizontal direction; the drive assembly 520 that drives the screen 510 is also located on the frame 100.

[0029] In a preferred embodiment, the drive assembly 520 includes a drive motor 521, a cam 522, and a return spring 523. The drive motor 521 is fixedly mounted on one end of the frame 100 in the direction of movement of the screen 510, and the cam 522 is mounted on its output shaft. The side of the frame of the screen 510 near the motor abuts against the working surface of the cam 522. At the other end of the frame of the screen 510 away from the cam 522, a return spring 523 is connected to a fixed point on the frame 100. When the drive motor 521 drives the cam 522 to rotate, the protruding part of the cam 522 periodically pushes the screen 510 to move away from the motor, compressing the return spring 523. After the cam 522 passes the protruding part, the screen 510 is pulled back under the restoring force of the return spring 523. This cycle allows for continuous and stable horizontal reciprocating sliding of the sieve 510, ensuring that the seeds on the sieve 510 are evenly distributed and screened. Qualified seeds pass through the sieve holes, while larger impurities remain on the sieve surface.

[0030] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 To further enhance the screening effect and prevent sieve clogging, especially for seeds with high moisture content or those prone to sticking, the movement of the sieve 510 has been optimized in this device. Specifically, a sliding rod 540 is vertically fixed to each end of the frame in the sliding direction of the sieve 510. These two sliding rods 540 not only slidably pass through the bearing seats of the frame 100, but can also rotate around their own axis. A rotating assembly 550 is provided on the frame 100 corresponding to the position of each sliding rod 540. A preferred embodiment of the rotating assembly 550 includes a drive ring 551 fixed to the frame 100 and a drive ball 552 fixed to the sliding rod 540. The inner wall of the drive ring 551 is machined with a continuous spiral groove 553. The sliding rod 540 passes through the drive ring 551, and the drive ball 552 on it is embedded and can slide within the spiral groove 553. When the drive assembly 520 drives the screen 510 to slide horizontally, the sliding rod 540 moves accordingly. Under the constraint of the spiral groove 553, the drive ball 552 forces the sliding rod 540 to rotate while moving linearly, thereby causing the entire screen 510 to oscillate and rotate. In this way, the motion of the screen 510 is upgraded from a simple horizontal sliding to a compound motion combining "horizontal reciprocating sliding" and "oscillating rotation around a vertical axis", which greatly improves the tumbling and dispersion effect of materials.

[0031] A discharge port 511 is provided on one side of the screen frame along its sliding direction to discharge large impurities accumulated on the screen 510. A sealing door 560 is detachably connected to the discharge port 511 by a hinge or buckle. During normal screening, the sealing door 560 is closed; after screening or when cleaning is required, the sealing door 560 can be opened to discharge large impurities, making operation simple.

[0032] Finally, the qualified seeds sieved through screen 510 fall into the receiving box 530 located directly below screen 510. For finer grading, a screening screen 610 is inclinedly arranged inside the receiving box 530, below the seed landing point. The aperture of this screening screen 610 is smaller than that of the main screen 510; a second grading screening chamber 532 is formed between the screening screen 610 and the bottom wall of the receiving box 530; the seeds falling into the receiving box 530 first fall onto the inclined screening screen 610, and smaller impurities (such as fine sand and extremely chaff) pass through the screening screen 610 and fall into the second grading screening chamber 532, while qualified seeds slide down the inclined surface to the lower end and are discharged from the collection hole 531 at the corresponding position on the side wall of the receiving box 530, realizing the third stage of fine grading.

[0033] In operation, the operator feeds wheat seed samples through the feed inlet 210 at the top of the sieving cylinder 200. After the device is started, the agitator 220 rotates for pre-cleaning, and the seeds then fall, undergoing air separation to remove light impurities before falling onto the screen 510, which is in a compound motion, for size sieving. Finally, the seeds are finely graded in the receiving box 530. The entire process is continuous and automatic.

[0034] This device employs a multi-stage, coordinated cleaning process—rotary dispersing pretreatment → falling air separation → composite motion planar sieving → inclined screen fine grading—effectively overcoming the shortcomings of traditional vibrating screening devices, such as incomplete sieving, easy clogging, and poor separation of light impurities and impurities of similar size. Its 510-mesh composite motion mode is gentle yet efficient, significantly reducing the risk of mechanical damage to seeds, making it particularly suitable for breeding, research, and other applications requiring high seed vigor and purity. The modular design of each component also makes operation, cleaning, and maintenance more convenient, resulting in a significant improvement in overall sieving efficiency and cleanliness.

[0035] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A wheat seed sample screening device, characterized in that: include: The frame (100) is installed on the ground; A screening cylinder (200) is set on the frame (100), with a feed inlet (210) on the top wall, a rotating agitator (220) inside, and a discharge port (230) on the bottom wall. The discharge channel (300) is set on the frame (100), located below the screening cylinder (200), connected to the discharge port (230), and its end is connected to the external environment, and has a drop outlet (310). A blower (400) is disposed at one end of the discharge channel (300) and is used to blow the seeds falling from the discharge port (230); The screen (510) slides horizontally on the frame (100) and is located below the drop port (310); A drive assembly (520) is disposed on the frame (100) and connected to the screen (510) for driving the screen (510) to slide. The receiving box (530) is disposed on the frame (100) and located below the screen (510).

2. The wheat seed sample screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly (520) includes a drive motor (521), a cam (522), and a return spring (523). The drive motor (521) is mounted on the frame (100) at one end in the direction of movement of the screen (510). The cam (522) is mounted on the output shaft of the drive motor (521) and can abut against one end of the screen (510). The return spring (523) is mounted on the frame (100) at the end of the screen (510) away from the cam (522) and is used to drive the screen (510) closer to the cam (522).

3. The wheat seed sample screening device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The screen (510) is provided with sliding rods (540) at both ends of the sliding direction. The sliding rods (540) slide and rotate on the frame (100). The frame (100) is provided with a rotating assembly (550). The rotating assembly (550) is connected to the sliding rods (540) and is used to drive the sliding rods (540) to rotate.

4. The wheat seed sample screening device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotating assembly (550) includes a drive ring (551) and a drive ball (552). The drive ball (552) is disposed on the sliding rod (540), and the drive ring (551) is disposed on the frame (100). The sliding rod (540) slides and rotates within the drive ring (551). A spiral groove (553) is provided on the inner wall of the drive ring (551), and the drive ball (552) slides within the spiral groove (553).

5. The wheat seed sample screening device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A discharge port (511) is provided on one side of the sliding direction of the screen (510), and a sealing door (560) is detachably connected to the discharge port (511).

6. The wheat seed sample screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A collection box (570) is provided on the frame (100). The collection box (570) is detachably connected to the end of the discharge channel (300) away from the blower (400). A baffle (580) is provided on the collection box (570). The baffle (580) is adapted to the aperture of the discharge channel (300) and there is a drop gap between it and the discharge channel (300).

7. The wheat seed sample screening device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The receiving box (530) is provided with a screening screen (610), the aperture of the screening screen (610) is smaller than that of the sieve (510), and it is inclined. The receiving box (530) is provided with a collection hole (531), the collection hole (531) corresponding to the lower end of the screening screen (610); a second grade screening chamber (532) is formed between the screening screen (610) and the bottom wall of the receiving box (530).

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