Rice processing grading and screening apparatus
The rice processing grading and screening equipment, which integrates a drum screen, a vibrating conveyor, and automated testing equipment, solves the problems of fragmented structure and insufficient testing of existing equipment, and realizes continuous automated screening and classification collection of rice, thereby improving processing accuracy and efficiency.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522076145.6
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-09-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-08-25
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-09-26
AI Technical Summary
The existing rice processing grading and screening equipment is fragmented and lacks automated quality testing, resulting in inconsistent rice transportation, low precision, high cost, and difficulty in providing high-quality raw materials.
Design an integrated device comprising a frame, a primary size screening mechanism, a secondary fullness screening mechanism, a detection mechanism, and a collection mechanism. Utilize components such as a drum screen, a vibrating conveyor, an adjustable speed fan, an industrial camera, and a near-infrared spectral detector to achieve continuous automated screening and classification collection of rice.
This technology enables continuous automated processing of rice, improving screening accuracy and efficiency, reducing the cost of manual intervention, and ensuring the consistency and high quality of rice.
Smart Images
Figure CN224673221U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This utility model relates to the field of rice screening technology, and in particular to a rice processing grading and screening device. Background Technology
[0002] In the rice processing industry, grading and screening is a key process in the pre-processing of rice. Its core purpose is to separate rice based on its physical characteristics, such as size and plumpness, so as to provide uniform raw materials for subsequent processing steps such as hulling and milling. Therefore, rice grading and screening equipment is one of the basic pieces of equipment in the rice processing production line.
[0003] Existing rice grading and screening equipment typically has a fragmented structure, often employing a layout where single functional modules are set up independently or multiple modules require manual connection. It generally only includes an independent vibrating screen and a separate air separator, and lacks a dedicated automated quality inspection mechanism. The material collection process also mostly involves collecting materials from a single silo. There is no fixed, continuous support structure between the modules, and the vibrating screen, air separator, etc., need to be placed in different areas of the workshop, relying on manual transfer of the screened material from the previous module to the next module using conveyor belts or hoppers.
[0004] The operation process is roughly as follows: First, the rice is poured into an independent vibrating screen. The rice of different sizes is separated by the fixed aperture screen of the vibrating screen. The screened rice needs to be manually transported to the air separator by a trolley or temporary conveyor belt. The air separator blows the rice with a fan at a fixed speed to separate some shriveled grains and impurities. During this process, the air volume needs to be manually monitored to avoid blowing away plump grains with too large an air volume or failing to separate shriveled grains with too small an air volume. The air-separated rice still needs to be manually transported to the subsequent processing stage. There is a lack of testing on the shape and internal quality of the rice. Abnormal rice needs to be manually picked out. Finally, all the screened rice enters a single collection bin.
[0005] Because of its fragmented, independent modular structure and manual connection, it suffers from several problems: First, the modules lack fixed support and a coherent layout, making it easy for rice to spill and accumulate during manual transport. This also results in time-consuming transport, hindering continuous processing and significantly reducing processing continuity. Second, it relies on single-size screening with vibrating screens and fixed-speed, fullness screening with air separators, lacking automated quality inspection. This makes it difficult to effectively separate rice with abnormal morphology and internal quality, leading to a mixture of qualified and unqualified rice, which cannot provide high-quality raw materials for subsequent processing. Third, the reliance on manual transport, monitoring, and sorting at each stage not only increases the cost of manual intervention but also increases the risk of quality control errors due to human error, failing to meet the efficiency and precision requirements of rice processing. Utility Model Content
[0006] This utility model provides a rice processing grading and screening device that can solve the problem of disordered conveying in existing rice processing grading and screening devices.
[0007] A rice processing grading and screening device includes a frame, on which a primary size screening mechanism, a secondary plumpness screening mechanism, a detection mechanism, and a material collection mechanism are sequentially arranged along the rice conveying direction. The primary size screening mechanism includes an inclined drum screen, the side wall of which has multiple sets of screen holes, and each screen hole is provided with a receiving hopper. The secondary fullness screening mechanism is located below the receiving hopper. The secondary fullness screening mechanism includes a vibrating conveyor table, a vibrating motor, and an adjustable speed fan. The vibrating motor is fixedly connected to the vibrating conveyor table, and the adjustable speed fan is located above the discharge end of the vibrating conveyor table. The detection mechanism includes a conveyor belt, an industrial camera, a near-infrared spectroscopy detector, and a pneumatic sorting valve. The material collection mechanism includes a qualified material collection bin and a recycling bin.
[0008] Preferably, the aperture of the primary size screening mechanism gradually decreases from the feed end to the discharge end along the axial direction of the drum screen.
[0009] Preferably, the feed end of the primary size screening module is provided with a guide hopper, and the guide hopper is provided with a dispersing roller with elastic protruding teeth on its surface.
[0010] Preferably, the vibrating conveyor table of the secondary saturation screening mechanism is inclined on the frame, and its table surface is provided with anti-slip ridges.
[0011] Preferably, the air outlet direction of the adjustable speed fan of the secondary saturation screening mechanism is set at an angle to the conveying direction of the vibrating conveyor table.
[0012] Preferably, the industrial camera of the detection mechanism is located directly above the conveyor belt, the near-infrared spectroscopy detector is located directly below the conveyor belt, the pneumatic sorting valve is located at the discharge end of the conveyor belt, and the detection axes of the industrial camera and the near-infrared spectroscopy detector are collinear.
[0013] Preferably, the detection mechanism also includes a control console, which is electrically connected to an industrial camera, a near-infrared spectroscopy detector, and a pneumatic sorting valve.
[0014] Preferably, the conveyor belt of the detection mechanism is made of a transparent material, and the detection probe of the near-infrared spectroscopy detector is positioned facing the conveyor belt.
[0015] Preferably, the collection mechanism includes a first collection bin corresponding to an adjustable speed blower and a second collection bin corresponding to a pneumatic sorting valve.
[0016] Preferably, the bottom of the console is also provided with casters, which are fixedly connected to the console by bolts, and the casters are also equipped with brakes.
[0017] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: Through the cooperation between the frame and the primary size screening mechanism, the secondary fullness screening mechanism, the detection mechanism, and the collection mechanism, the frame provides fixed support for each mechanism. Each mechanism is arranged sequentially along the rice conveying direction. The primary size screening mechanism achieves size grading with an inclined drum screen and corresponding receiving hoppers. The secondary fullness screening mechanism separates full grains from shriveled grains with a vibrating conveyor, a vibrating motor, and an adjustable speed fan. The detection mechanism completes quality detection and defect rejection through a conveyor belt, an industrial camera, a near-infrared spectroscopy detector, and a pneumatic sorting valve. The collection mechanism collects rice in qualified collection bins and recycling bins. This achieves continuous automated processing of rice from size screening and fullness screening to quality detection and classified collection, avoiding spillage or accumulation during rice conveying, eliminating the need for manual transfer at each stage, greatly improving processing continuity, and ensuring effective separation of qualified and unqualified rice, providing high-quality raw materials for subsequent processing, and reducing the cost of manual intervention and quality control risks. Attached Figure Description
[0018] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the rice processing grading and screening equipment. Figure 2 This is a top view of the rice processing grading and screening equipment; Figure 3 for Figure 2 A sectional view along the cutting line AA.
[0019] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: 1. Frame; 2. Primary size screening mechanism; 21. Rotary drum screen; 22. Screen aperture; 23. Receiving hopper; 24. Guide hopper; 25. Dispersing roller; 3. Secondary fullness screening mechanism; 31. Vibrating conveyor; 32. Vibrating motor; 33. Adjustable speed fan; 4. Detection module; 41. Conveyor belt; 42. Industrial camera; 43. Near-infrared spectroscopy detector; 44. Pneumatic sorting valve; 45. Control console; 5. Material collection mechanism; 51. Qualified material collection bin; 52. Recycling bin; 6. Casters. Detailed Implementation
[0020] The specific embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below, but it should be understood that the protection scope of this utility model is not limited to the specific embodiments.
[0021] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown in the figure, the present invention provides a rice processing grading and screening device, including a frame 1, on which a primary size screening mechanism 2, a secondary plumpness screening mechanism 3, a detection module 4 and a material collection mechanism 5 are arranged sequentially along the rice conveying direction; The primary size screening mechanism 2 includes an inclined drum screen 21, the side wall of which has multiple sets of screen holes 23, and each screen hole 23 is provided with a receiving hopper 24. The secondary fullness screening mechanism 3 is located below the receiving hopper 24. The secondary fullness screening mechanism 3 includes a vibrating conveyor table 31, a vibrating motor 32, and an adjustable speed fan 33. The vibrating motor 32 is fixedly connected to the vibrating conveyor table 31, and the adjustable speed fan 33 is located above the discharge end of the vibrating conveyor table 31. The detection mechanism 4 includes a conveyor belt 41, an industrial camera 42, a near-infrared spectroscopy detector 43, and a pneumatic sorting valve 44. The material collection module 5 includes a qualified material collection bin 51 and a recycling bin 52.
[0022] The frame 1 provides fixed support for each mechanism. The mechanisms are arranged sequentially along the rice conveying direction to form a continuous processing flow, including size screening, plumpness screening, quality inspection and classification collection, to avoid spillage or accumulation of rice during the conveying process. In the primary size screening mechanism 2, the inclined drum screen 21 can move the rice grains with the help of gravity, eliminating the need for additional conveying components and simplifying the structure. Multiple sets of screen holes 22 correspond one-to-one with the receiving hopper 23 below, ensuring that rice grains of different sizes are accurately separated and enter the subsequent stages. The secondary fullness screening mechanism 3 is located below the receiving hopper 23 and can directly receive the rice grains after primary screening, reducing the conveying path. The vibrating motor 32 is fixedly connected to the vibrating conveyor table 31, which can drive the table to vibrate stably, so that the rice grains are evenly dispersed on the table and avoid clumping. The adjustable speed fan 33 is located above the discharge end and can specifically perform air separation on the rice grains that have moved to the end. The detection mechanism 4 conveys the rice grains through the conveyor belt 41 and uses an industrial camera 42 and a near-infrared spectral detector 43 to detect the morphology and internal quality. The pneumatic sorting valve 44 can separate unqualified rice grains in time. The qualified collection bin 51 and the recycling bin 52 of the collection mechanism 5 collect qualified rice grains and unqualified rice grains such as shriveled or abnormal grains, respectively, to avoid mixing and ensure the quality of raw materials for subsequent processing.
[0023] The sieve aperture 23 of the primary size screening mechanism 2 gradually decreases in diameter from the feed end to the discharge end along the axial direction of the drum screen 21.
[0024] The aperture of the sieve hole 23 gradually decreases from the feed end to the discharge end of the drum screen 21, so that as the rice moves with the drum screen 21, the larger rice grains are separated first, and then the medium or smaller rice grains are separated. This avoids the accumulation of rice grains of different sizes in the same sieve hole area, which would lead to incomplete screening. This gradual aperture design allows each size of rice grain to be accurately separated in the corresponding sieve hole area, reducing size mixing, improving the accuracy of primary screening, providing uniformly sized rice grain raw materials for subsequent plumpness screening, and reducing the difficulty of subsequent screening.
[0025] The primary size screening module 2 has a guide hopper 25 at the feed end of the drum screen 21, and a dispersing roller 26 with elastic protruding teeth on its surface is provided inside the guide hopper 25.
[0026] The feed hopper 24 at the feed end of the drum screen 21 can guide the externally conveyed rice into the drum screen 21 precisely, preventing the rice from spilling from the feed end and reducing raw material waste. The feed hopper 24 is equipped with a dispersing roller 25 with elastic protruding teeth on its surface. When the rice enters, it can be rotated to break up any clumps of rice. The elastic protruding teeth of the dispersing roller 25 can avoid damaging the rice shell and ensure that the clumps are completely dispersed, preventing the clumps of rice from clogging the screen holes 23 of the drum screen 21, ensuring the continuous and stable operation of the drum screen 21 and improving the screening efficiency.
[0027] The vibration conveyor table 31 of the secondary saturation screening mechanism 3 is inclinedly mounted on the frame 1, and its table surface is provided with anti-slip ridges.
[0028] The vibrating conveyor table 31 is inclined on the frame 1. It can combine the vibration of the vibrating motor 32 with gravity to accelerate the movement speed of the rice on the table, preventing the rice from being left on the table for too long, which would lead to spoilage or accumulation. The anti-slip ridges on the table can increase the friction between the rice and the table, preventing the rice from slipping off the sides of the table due to excessive inertia during vibration. This ensures that the rice moves stably along the conveying direction of the table to the discharge end. At the same time, the anti-slip ridges can further help disperse the rice, preventing it from gathering on the table. This ensures that the adjustable speed fan 33 can perform a uniform air separation effect on each grain of rice, improving the fullness screening effect.
[0029] The adjustable speed fan 33 of the secondary saturation screening mechanism 3 is set at an angle to the conveying direction of the vibrating conveyor table 31.
[0030] The outlet direction of the adjustable speed fan 33 is set at an angle to the conveying direction of the vibrating conveyor table 31, so that the airflow can exert an oblique force on the moving rice grains, rather than a vertical force. This avoids the possibility that the plump rice grains will be blown away due to excessive vertical airflow or that the shriveled grains will not be separated due to excessive vertical airflow. The angled design allows the airflow to act more precisely on the side of the rice grains. By utilizing the density difference between plump rice grains and shriveled grains, such as plump rice grains with a higher density being less affected by the airflow, and shriveled grains with a lower density being more affected by the airflow, the shriveled grains are separated from the plump rice grains. At the same time, the adjustable speed fan 33 can adjust the wind speed according to the density difference of rice varieties such as indica rice and japonica rice, adapting to the plumpness screening requirements of different rice varieties and improving the screening versatility.
[0031] The industrial camera 42 of the detection mechanism 4 is located directly above the conveyor belt 41, the near-infrared spectral detector 43 is located directly below the conveyor belt 41, and the pneumatic sorting valve 44 is located at the discharge end of the conveyor belt 41. The detection axes of the industrial camera 42 and the near-infrared spectral detector 43 are collinear.
[0032] An industrial camera 42 is positioned directly above the conveyor belt 41, allowing for clear imaging of the rice grains from above, such as whether they are bent or damaged. A near-infrared spectral detector 43 is positioned directly below the conveyor belt 41, allowing for detection of the rice grains' internal quality from below, such as whether they are infested with insects or moldy. The collinearity of the detection axes of the two cameras ensures that the same grain of rice is detected by both the industrial camera 42 and the near-infrared spectral detector 43 simultaneously when passing through the detection area, avoiding missed or false detections due to deviations in detection position. A pneumatic sorting valve 44 is positioned at the discharge end of the conveyor belt 41, enabling timely sorting of unqualified rice grains after detection, preventing unqualified rice grains from entering the collection bin 51 along with qualified rice grains, ensuring the continuity of detection and sorting, and improving quality control efficiency.
[0033] The detection mechanism 4 also includes a control console 45, which is electrically connected to an industrial camera 42, a near-infrared spectroscopy detector 43, and a pneumatic sorting valve 44.
[0034] The control console 45 is electrically connected to the industrial camera 42 and the near-infrared spectral detector 43. It can receive detection data transmitted from both, such as rice morphology images and internal quality spectral information, and analyze the data according to preset judgment criteria. The control console 45 is also electrically connected to the pneumatic sorting valve 44. When unqualified rice is detected, it can send a start signal to the corresponding pneumatic sorting valve 44 in a timely manner to control its opening to separate the unqualified rice. This realizes the automated linkage from detection to analysis to sorting without manual intervention, reducing labor costs and avoiding subjective errors in human judgment, thereby improving sorting accuracy and efficiency.
[0035] The conveyor belt 41 of the detection mechanism 4 is made of transparent material, and the detection probe of the near-infrared spectroscopy detector 43 is positioned facing the conveyor belt 41.
[0036] The conveyor belt 41 is made of transparent material, which ensures that the detection light of the near-infrared spectrometer 43 can penetrate the conveyor belt 41 and act directly on the rice on the conveyor belt. This avoids the conveyor belt material blocking or absorbing the detection light, ensuring that the near-infrared spectrometer 43 can accurately obtain the internal quality information of the rice. The detection probe is set facing the conveyor belt 41, which allows the detection light to illuminate the rice vertically or nearly vertically, reducing the detection error caused by light refraction, further improving the accuracy of internal quality detection, and providing a reliable judgment basis for subsequent sorting.
[0037] The collection module 5's recycling bin 52 includes a first recycling bin corresponding to the adjustable speed fan 33 and a second recycling bin corresponding to the pneumatic sorting valve 44.
[0038] The recycling bin 52 is divided into a first recycling bin corresponding to the adjustable speed fan 33 and a second recycling bin corresponding to the pneumatic sorting valve 44. It can collect shriveled grains separated from the secondary fullness screening mechanism 3 and rice grains with abnormal shape or internal quality separated from the detection mechanism 4, respectively, to avoid mixing different types of unqualified rice. This classified collection design facilitates the differentiated treatment of different types of unqualified rice. For example, shriveled grains can be used for feed processing, and abnormal rice grains can be discarded, thereby improving resource utilization. At the same time, it avoids cross-contamination between different unqualified rice grains and ensures the standardization of the processing process.
[0039] The bottom of the control console 45 is also provided with casters 6, which are fixedly connected to the control console by bolts, and the casters 6 are also equipped with brakes.
[0040] The casters 6 at the bottom of the control console 45 are fixed with bolts, ensuring a stable connection and facilitating disassembly and replacement. The casters 6 allow the control console 45 to move flexibly, making it convenient for operators to adjust the position of the control console 45 according to the equipment layout and operating habits, thus improving operational convenience. The brakes on the casters 6 can lock the wheels after the control console 45 has been moved to the target position, preventing the control console 45 from moving due to equipment vibration or personnel collisions during use, ensuring the stability of the control console 45, ensuring that operators can operate the control console accurately, and avoiding operational errors caused by the movement of the control console.
[0041] In summary, the working principle of the rice processing grading and screening equipment provided by this utility model embodiment is as follows: First, the rice raw material is guided by the guide hopper 25, and the internal dispersing roller 26 rotates to break up the clumps of rice. Then, it enters the feed end of the drum screen 21 of the primary size screening mechanism 2. Since the drum screen 21 is placed at an inclination, the rice moves towards the discharge end along the inner wall of the drum screen 21 under its own gravity. At the same time, the multiple sets of screen holes 23 opened on the side wall of the drum screen 21 will classify the rice by size. Rice smaller than the corresponding screen hole 23 falls into the receiving hopper 24 set below during the movement. Larger rice that does not pass through any screen holes is discharged from the discharge end of the drum screen 21, thus completing the primary size screening. Next, the rice grains of the same size in the receiving hopper 24 fall directly onto the vibrating conveyor table 31 of the secondary fullness screening mechanism 3 below. Because the vibrating conveyor table 31 is set at an incline on the frame 1, and the bottom vibrating motor 32 is fixedly connected to the vibrating conveyor table 31, the vibrating motor 32 drives the table to vibrate stably after starting. Under the action of vibration, the rice grains move along the table to the discharge end. During the movement, the rice grains are evenly dispersed under the action of the anti-slip ridges on the table to avoid clumping. When the rice grains move to the discharge end of the vibrating conveyor table 31, the adjustable speed fan 33 set above blows out airflow. Utilizing the density difference between full rice grains and shriveled grains, if the density of full rice grains is high, they are less affected by the airflow and continue to enter the subsequent detection mechanism 4 along the conveying direction; while the density of shriveled grains is low, they are blown by the airflow to the first recovery bin of the recovery bin 52 set on the side, completing the secondary fullness screening. Subsequently, the rice grains, after being screened for plumpness, fall onto the conveyor belt 41 of the testing mechanism 4. The conveyor belt 41 transports the rice grains to the testing area at a uniform speed. An industrial camera 42 positioned directly above the conveyor belt 41 and a near-infrared spectral detector 43 positioned directly below it work synchronously: the industrial camera 42 captures the shape of the rice grains to identify any abnormalities such as bending or breakage, while the near-infrared spectral detector 43 detects the internal quality of the rice grains to identify any problems such as insect infestation or mold. The detection data is transmitted in real time to a control console 45 electrically connected to both devices. The control console 45 analyzes the data according to preset judgment criteria. If the rice grains are determined to be qualified, they continue to move with the conveyor belt 41 to the discharge end and fall into the qualified collection bin 51 of the collection mechanism 5. If the rice grains are determined to be unqualified, the control console 45 sends a signal to the pneumatic sorting valve 44 at the corresponding position of the discharge end of the conveyor belt 41. The pneumatic sorting valve 44 opens, blowing the unqualified rice grains into the second recycling bin of the recycling bin 52, completing the quality inspection and abnormality sorting. Finally, the qualified rice collected in the qualified collection bin 51 can be directly entered into the subsequent processing stage, while the first and second recycling bins of the recycling bin 52 store the unqualified rice respectively, which facilitates subsequent differentiated processing.
[0042] The above-disclosed embodiments are only a few specific examples of the present utility model. However, the embodiments of the present utility model are not limited thereto. Any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.
Claims
1. A rice processing grading and screening device, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: The frame (1) is provided with a primary size screening mechanism (2), a secondary fullness screening mechanism (3), a detection mechanism (4) and a material collection mechanism (5) in sequence along the rice conveying direction; The primary size screening mechanism (2) includes an inclined drum screen (21), and the drum screen (21) has multiple sets of screen holes (22) on its side wall, and each screen hole (22) is provided with a receiving hopper (23). The secondary fullness screening mechanism (3) is located below the receiving hopper (23). The secondary fullness screening mechanism (3) includes a vibrating conveyor (31), a vibrating motor (32), and an adjustable speed fan (33). The vibrating motor (32) is fixedly connected to the vibrating conveyor (31), and the adjustable speed fan (33) is located above the discharge end of the vibrating conveyor (31). The detection mechanism (4) includes a conveyor belt (41), an industrial camera (42), a near-infrared spectroscopy detector (43), and a pneumatic sorting valve (44). The material collection mechanism (5) includes a qualified material collection bin (51) and a recycling bin (52).
2. The rice processing grading and screening equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sieve aperture (22) of the primary size screening mechanism (2) gradually decreases in diameter from the feed end to the discharge end along the axial direction of the drum screen (21).
3. The rice processing grading and screening equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The primary size screening mechanism (2) has a guide hopper (24) at the feed end of the drum screen (21), and the guide hopper (24) has a dispersing roller (25) with elastic protruding teeth on its surface.
4. The rice processing grading and screening equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibration conveyor table (31) of the secondary saturation screening mechanism (3) is inclinedly set on the frame (1), and its table surface is provided with anti-slip ridges.
5. The rice processing grading and screening equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable speed fan (33) of the secondary saturation screening mechanism (3) is set at an angle to the conveying direction of the vibrating conveyor table (31).
6. The rice processing grading and screening equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The industrial camera (42) of the detection mechanism (4) is located directly above the conveyor belt (41), the near-infrared spectral detector (43) is located directly below the conveyor belt (41), and the pneumatic sorting valve (44) is located at the discharge end of the conveyor belt (41). The detection axes of the industrial camera (42) and the near-infrared spectral detector (43) are collinear.
7. The rice processing grading and screening equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that: The detection mechanism (4) also includes a control console (45), which is electrically connected to an industrial camera (42), a near-infrared spectral detector (43), and a pneumatic sorting valve (44).
8. The rice processing grading and screening equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that: The conveyor belt (41) of the detection mechanism (4) is made of transparent material, and the detection probe of the near-infrared spectroscopy detector (43) is set facing the conveyor belt (41).
9. The rice processing grading and screening equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The collection mechanism (5) includes a first collection chamber (52) corresponding to an adjustable speed fan (33) and a second collection chamber corresponding to a pneumatic sorting valve (44).
10. A rice processing grading and screening device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The bottom of the console (45) is also provided with casters (6), which are fixedly connected to the console by bolts, and the casters (6) are also equipped with brakes.