Swing head with gravity balance structure

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of swing head with gravity balance structure belongs to numerical control machine tool technical field, including swing head seat and saddle, it is characterized in that, the lateral wall of swing head seat is fixedly connected with eccentric pin shaft, one side of the saddle is equipped with cylinder body and fixed pin shaft, the inside of the saddle is equipped with flange plate;The utility model has beneficial effect: by accurate balance gravity center deviation, so that cylinder body adjusts push rod telescopic by air inlet / outlet, it is assisted bearing and eccentric pin shaft's cooperation to swing head seat and applies reverse balance moment, real-time offset gravity center deviation when swing head rotates and generates eccentric load, substantially reduce the torque fluctuation of driving system, reduce tool vibration, avoid roughness change of processing surface, guarantee processing accuracy;Secondly, without through amplification drive part to cope with gravity center deviation, prolong its service life, and make swing head angle adjustment response more rapid, run more smoothly, shorten processing time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of CNC machine tool technology, and more specifically, to a swing head with a gravity balance structure. Background Technology

[0002] With the increasing maturity of CNC technology in China, five-axis linkage CNC machining centers have been used more and more widely in various fields in recent years. The swivel head is a component on CNC machine tools that is responsible for controlling the machining angle. It can adjust the angle of the tool during use to meet different machining needs.

[0003] In existing five-axis machine tool oscillating heads, the center of gravity changes with different machining angles and cutting tools, causing variations in the output power of the drive system. These changes in torque and speed lead to tool vibration, affecting machining accuracy and manifesting as changes in surface roughness. In severe cases, this can result in a decrease in precision. To improve speed and accuracy, the drive components must be enlarged, which is costly. How to invent an oscillating head with a gravity balance structure to improve these problems has become an urgent issue for those skilled in the art. Utility Model Content

[0004] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides a swing head with a gravity balance structure, which aims to improve the problem that changes in the output power of the drive system, torque, and speed can cause tool vibration, which can affect machining accuracy and lead to a decrease in precision.

[0005] This utility model is implemented as follows: This utility model provides a swing head with a gravity balance structure, including a swing head seat and a saddle. An eccentric pin is fixedly connected to the side wall of the swing head seat. A cylinder and a fixed pin are provided on one side of the saddle. A flange is provided inside the saddle.

[0006] Preferably, the side wall of the swing head seat has several recessed slots, and bolts are connected to the recessed slots.

[0007] Preferably, the saddle has a mounting groove on its side wall, the inner wall of the mounting groove is rotatably connected to the flange, and the flange has bolt holes on its side wall corresponding to the recessed groove holes.

[0008] Preferably, the side wall of the saddle is fixedly connected to the fixed pin.

[0009] Preferably, one end of the cylinder is fixedly connected to a mounting base, and the mounting base is rotatably connected to a fixed pin.

[0010] Preferably, the sidewalls of the cylinder are provided with an air inlet and an exhaust outlet, and a push rod is fixedly connected to the end of the cylinder away from the mounting base.

[0011] Preferably, the end of the push rod away from the cylinder body is provided with a bearing, and the inner ring wall of the bearing is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the eccentric pin.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this utility model are: By precisely balancing the center of gravity offset, the cylinder block adjusts the extension and retraction of the pushrod via the intake / exhaust port. The bearing and eccentric pin work together to apply a counter-balancing torque to the swivel head seat, instantly counteracting the off-center load caused by the center of gravity shift during swivel head rotation. This significantly reduces torque fluctuations in the drive system, minimizes tool vibration, avoids changes in surface roughness, and ensures machining accuracy. Secondly, there's no need to enlarge the drive section to address the center of gravity offset; the balancing torque assists the drive, reducing the instantaneous peak torque of the motor, decreasing the load on the drive system, extending its lifespan, and saving the high costs associated with upgrading drive components. Furthermore, it improves angle adjustment efficiency and stability. The rotational engagement between the flange and the saddle mounting slot provides precise rotational guidance for the swivel head seat, and the bearing design eliminates sliding friction between the pushrod and the eccentric pin, resulting in faster swivel head angle adjustment response, smoother operation, and shorter machining time. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this utility model and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a swing head with a gravity balance structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the swing head seat structure of a swing head with a gravity balance structure provided by an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a partial structural cross-sectional view of the swing head seat of a swing head with a gravity balance structure provided by an embodiment of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall exploded structure of a swing head with a gravity balance structure provided by an embodiment of this utility model.

[0015] In the diagram: 1. Swing head seat; 2. Cylinder block; 21. Mounting seat; 22. Exhaust port; 23. Intake port; 24. Push rod; 25. Bearing; 3. Fixed pin; 4. Saddle; 5. Bolt; 6. Eccentric pin; 7. Mounting groove; 8. Flange; 9. Bolt hole; 10. Sinking groove hole. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this utility model clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this utility model, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0017] Example, refer to Figures 1-4 A swing head with a gravity balance structure includes a swing head seat 1 and a saddle seat 4. An eccentric pin 6 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the swing head seat 1. A cylinder 2 and a fixed pin 3 are provided on one side of the saddle seat 4. A flange 8 is provided inside the saddle seat 4.

[0018] Furthermore; the side wall of the swing head seat 1 is provided with several recessed slots 10, and bolts 5 are connected to the recessed slots 10; the side wall of the saddle seat 4 is provided with an installation groove 7, the inner wall of the installation groove 7 is rotatably connected to the flange 8, and the side wall of the flange 8 is provided with bolt holes 9 corresponding to the recessed slots 10; the side wall of the saddle seat 4 is fixedly connected to the fixed pin 3; one end of the cylinder body 2 is fixedly connected to the mounting seat 21, and the mounting seat 21 is rotatably connected to the fixed pin 3; the side wall of the cylinder body 2 is provided with an air inlet 23 and an exhaust port 22 respectively, and a push rod 24 is fixedly connected to the end of the cylinder body 2 away from the mounting seat 21; a bearing 25 is provided at the end of the push rod 24 away from the cylinder body 2, and the inner ring wall of the bearing 25 is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the eccentric pin 6. It should be noted that: During the assembly stage, precise docking of each core component must be completed first: the saddle 4 is fixed in the designated position on the machine tool, and the fixing pin 3 on its side wall is rotatably connected to the mounting seat 21 at one end of the cylinder 2, so that the cylinder 2 can rotate freely around the fixing pin 3; the push rod 24 at the other end of the cylinder 2 is connected to the eccentric pin 6 of the sway head seat 1 through the bearing 25. The setting of the bearing 25 eliminates the sliding friction between the push rod 24 and the eccentric pin 6, ensuring that the push rod 24 can drive the sway head seat 1 to rotate smoothly when it extends or retracts; at the same time, the sway head seat 1 is fixed to the flange 8 bolt hole 9 inside the saddle 4 by bolts 5 passing through the recessed slot hole 10. The flange 8 is rotatably connected to the mounting slot 7 of the saddle 4, providing auxiliary support for the rotation of the sway head seat 1, avoiding tilting or shaking of the sway head seat 1 due to force on one end, and forming a stable frame.

[0019] When the machine tool needs to adjust the machining angle, the swivel head rotary motor starts, driving the swivel head seat 1 to rotate around the center of the flange 8 (the flange 8 and the mounting groove 7 of the saddle 4 rotate to provide a rotational trajectory guide for the swivel head seat 1); at the same time, the cylinder 2, as a balancing power source, receives compressed gas through the air inlet 23 (and exhausts gas synchronously through the exhaust port 22). The pressure inside the cylinder 2 increases, pushing the push rod 24 to extend, or releasing pressure through the exhaust port 22 (the air inlet 23 stops supplying gas), causing the push rod 24 to retract under external force. The extension and retraction of the push rod 24 is transmitted to the eccentric pin 6 through the bearing 25. Since the eccentric pin 6 is off-center from the rotation of the swivel head seat 1, the force of the push rod 24 is converted into an auxiliary torque that drives the swivel head seat 1 to rotate. This torque works in conjunction with the torque of the swivel head rotary motor to drive the swivel head seat 1 to precisely adjust the angle; during this process, the fixed pin 3 on the saddle 4 always provides a stable rotational support point for the cylinder 2, ensuring that the force of the cylinder 2 can be continuously and stably transmitted to the swivel head seat 1.

[0020] The core advantage of this structure lies in its ability to adjust the balancing torque in real time according to the machining conditions, solving the accuracy problem caused by the change in the center of gravity of traditional swivel heads: When the swivel head 1 drives the tool to rotate to different angles, the overall center of gravity of the tool and the swivel head 1 shifts, causing fluctuations in the output power, torque, and speed of the drive system (swivel head rotary motor), which can easily lead to tool vibration; at this time, the system monitors the power output change of the swivel head rotary motor in real time through sensors and transmits the signal to the servo valve. The servo valve adjusts the intake pressure at the bottom of the cylinder 2 (at the air inlet 23 end) according to the monitoring data. If the center of gravity shifts, causing... When the motor torque increases, the servo valve increases the intake pressure, which strengthens the force that pushes the push rod 24 to extend or retract. This applies a reverse balancing torque to the oscillating head seat 1 through the eccentric pin 6, counteracting the off-center load caused by the shift in the center of gravity. If the motor torque decreases, the servo valve reduces the intake pressure, thus reducing the balancing torque and avoiding wasted torque due to over-balancing. Through this closed-loop control, the system off-center load can be balanced in real time, reducing the instantaneous peak torque of the motor, reducing tool vibration, thereby improving the angle adjustment response speed of the oscillating head, shortening the processing time, and preventing changes in surface roughness due to vibration, ensuring processing accuracy.

[0021] In addition, the "cylinder pull design" (cylinder rod retraction output) of cylinder 2 further optimizes the balance effect: In most processing scenarios, the center of gravity shifts when the swivel head rotates, which can cause the motor to need to provide additional "pulling force" to maintain stability. The cylinder pull design enables cylinder 2 to output a larger pulling torque when push rod 24 retracts, which can accurately offset such off-center load. Compared with the ordinary push cylinder design, it is more suitable for the torque requirements when the swivel head rotates, and improves balance efficiency and stability.

[0022] It should be noted that the specific model and specifications of the motor need to be selected and determined based on the actual specifications of the device. The specific selection and calculation method adopts the existing technology in this field, so it will not be described in detail here.

[0023] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this utility model and is not intended to limit the utility model. Various modifications and variations can be made to this utility model by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of this utility model should be included within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A swing head with a gravity balance structure, comprising a swing head base (1) and a saddle base (4), characterized in that, The side wall of the swing head seat (1) is fixedly connected with an eccentric pin (6), the side of the saddle (4) is provided with a cylinder (2) and a fixed pin (3), and the inside of the saddle (4) is provided with a flange (8).

2. A swing head with a gravity balance structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side wall of the swing head seat (1) is provided with several sinking slots (10), and the sinking slots (10) are connected with bolts (5).

3. A swing head with a gravity balance structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The saddle (4) has an installation groove (7) on its side wall. The inner wall of the installation groove (7) is rotatably connected to the flange (8). The flange (8) has bolt holes (9) on its side wall that correspond to the recessed slot hole (10).

4. A swing head with a gravity balance structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side wall of the saddle (4) is fixedly connected to the fixed pin (3).

5. A swing head with a gravity balance structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the cylinder (2) is fixedly connected to a mounting base (21), and the mounting base (21) is rotatably connected to a fixed pin (3).

6. A swing head with a gravity balance structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The cylinder (2) has an air inlet (23) and an exhaust port (22) on its side wall, and a push rod (24) is fixedly connected to the end of the cylinder (2) away from the mounting base (21).

7. A swing head with a gravity balance structure according to claim 6, characterized in that, The push rod (24) is provided with a bearing (25) at the end away from the cylinder (2), and the inner ring wall of the bearing (25) is fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the eccentric pin (6).

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