A screw extrusion type 3D printing device

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of screw extrusion type 3D printing devices, including base, Z-axis movement module, Y-axis movement module, X-axis movement module, printing hot bed, screw extruder, the screw extruder includes motor, trough, sleeve, screw, water cooling jacket, heating element and spray head, the motor is rotated by coupling driving screw, the motor is fixed between trough by copper column, the sleeve is sleeved on screw, the top end and bottom end of the sleeve are connected with copper column and spray head respectively, the upper part groove depth of the helical groove section of the screw is greater than lower part groove depth;The top of the sleeve is provided with water cooling jacket, and the water cooling jacket is internally provided with hexagonal coiled water channel.The utility model effectively solves the stability insufficient of traditional screw extruder, silk is not continuous, the problem of feeding blockage, so as to improve the quality and precision of printing.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of 3D printing technology, specifically relating to a screw extrusion 3D printing device. Background Technology

[0002] 3D printing, also known as additive manufacturing, is a rapid prototyping technology. It's a technique that uses digital model files as a basis and employs adhesive materials to construct objects layer by layer. 3D printing is typically achieved using digital material printers and is commonly used in mold making, industrial design, and other fields to create models. Among these, screw extrusion 3D printers, with their unique extrusion principle, have overcome the limitations of traditional thermoplastic filaments, demonstrating significant application value in printing granular materials and composite materials. However, existing screw extrusion 3D printers suffer from problems such as discontinuous extrusion, insufficient stability, and easy clogging of the feed, resulting in less than ideal printing effects.

[0003] Therefore, a new technological solution is needed to address these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Purpose of the invention: In order to overcome the shortcomings of the existing technology, a screw extrusion 3D printing device is provided, which can effectively improve the continuity of printing and the smoothness of feeding, thereby contributing to high-quality printing.

[0005] Technical Solution: To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides a screw extrusion 3D printing device, including a base, a Z-axis motion module, a Y-axis motion module, an X-axis motion module, a printing heated bed, and a screw extruder. The screw extruder includes a motor, a feed trough, a sleeve, a screw, a water-cooling jacket, a heating element, and a nozzle. The motor drives the screw to rotate via a coupling. The motor and the feed trough are fixed together by copper pillars. The sleeve is fitted onto the screw, and the top and bottom ends of the sleeve are connected to the copper pillars and the nozzle, respectively. The upper part of the spiral groove section of the screw has a greater groove depth than the lower part. A water-cooling jacket is provided at the top of the sleeve, and the water-cooling jacket has hexagonal coiled water channels inside.

[0006] Furthermore, the Z-axis motion module includes a first Z-axis motion module and a second Z-axis motion module, and the Y-axis motion module includes a first Y-axis motion module and a second Y-axis motion module. A crossbeam is fitted on the first Z-axis motion module and the second Z-axis motion module. The screw extruder is fixed to the crossbeam by an L-shaped bracket. The printing heated bed is slidably fixed to the X-axis motion module by guide rail fixing clips. The X-axis motion module is slidably fixed to the first Y-axis motion module and the second Y-axis motion module by guide rail fixing clips.

[0007] Furthermore, the heating element is located below the sleeve, and the heating element includes a first heating element and a second heating element. The first heating element is located above the second heating element, and the length of the second heating element is greater than the length of the first heating element, so that the water-cooled jacket has sufficient installation space.

[0008] Furthermore, a groove is provided at the lower end of the screw rod to facilitate feeding.

[0009] Furthermore, the helical groove section of the screw includes an upper helical groove and a lower helical groove, wherein the groove depth of the upper helical groove is greater than the groove depth of the lower helical groove.

[0010] Furthermore, the upper and lower spiral grooves have the same spiral ridge thickness, and the outer diameter of the spiral ridge is the same as the outer diameter of the screw.

[0011] Furthermore, the water-cooling jacket is integrally formed by 3D metal printing, and the water-cooling jacket is a hollow sleeve-shaped structure with a circular inner wall cross-section and a hexagonal outer wall cross-section.

[0012] Furthermore, the water channels inside the water-cooling jacket are arranged in a regular hexagonal coiled layout, with rounded corners at the edges of each channel. The cross-section of each channel is circular, with the diameter of the cross-section gradually decreasing from top to bottom, and the coiling spacing of the channels gradually increasing from top to bottom.

[0013] Furthermore, the outer wall of the water-cooling jacket is provided with an inlet and an outlet, both of which are threaded holes to facilitate connection to external inlet and outlet pipes. At the same time, a water flow expansion section is provided at the bottom of the water channel, so that the cross-section of the outlet water channel is the same as the diameter of the inlet.

[0014] Furthermore, the outer wall of the first heating element is fitted with a first fixing clip, and the outer wall of the second heating element is fitted with a second fixing clip.

[0015] Beneficial effects: Compared with existing technologies, this invention effectively solves the problems of insufficient stability, discontinuous filament output, and feed blockage in traditional screw extruders, thereby improving printing quality and accuracy. Specifically, it includes the following advantages:

[0016] 1. This utility model achieves small printing and forming errors through the cooperation of the X-axis motion module, Y-axis motion module and Z-axis motion module. At the same time, the crossbeam fixes the screw extruder so that it only needs to move up and down, which further improves the stability during extrusion.

[0017] 2. This utility model uses 3D printing to integrally form a water cooling jacket. Through the design of its internal structure, the contact area between the coolant and the inner wall of the water cooling jacket can be significantly increased, enhancing the efficiency of heat exchange. At the same time, it can remove the heat near the feed inlet more quickly, thereby avoiding the situation where the printed material is heated and melted and stuck at the sleeve inlet too early, causing the feed inlet to be blocked.

[0018] 3. By improving the screw, this utility model can fully accommodate and transport printing material in the first half and generate a stronger compression effect in the second half to promote full mixing and melting of the material, thereby effectively improving the quality and continuity of the filament output. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of a screw extruder;

[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the screw;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a front view of the internal structure of the water-cooling jacket;

[0023] Figure 5 This is a top view of the internal structure of the water-cooling jacket.

[0024] In the diagram, the markings are as follows: 1. Screw extruder; 11. Motor; 12. Groove; 13. Drive shaft; 14. Copper column; 15. Coupling; 16. Feed trough; 17. First heating element; 171. First fixing clamp; 18. Second heating element; 181. Second fixing clamp; 2. Screw; 21. Smooth rod; 22. Groove; 23. Spiral ridge; 24. Upper spiral groove; 25. Lower spiral groove; 3. Water cooling jacket; 31. Water... 32. Inner wall of the cooling jacket; 33. Outer wall of the water cooling jacket; 34. Water inlet; 35. Water outlet; 36. Upper screw hole of the water cooling jacket; 37. Lower screw hole of the water cooling jacket; 4. First Z-axis motion module; 5. Second Z-axis motion module; 6. Crossbeam; 7. Printing heated bed; 71. Second guide rail fixing clip; 72. X-axis motion module; 8. Base; 81. First Y-axis motion module; 82. Second Y-axis motion module. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The present invention will be further illustrated below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. After reading the present invention, any modifications of the present invention in various equivalent forms by those skilled in the art will fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

[0026] like Figure 1 As shown, this utility model provides a screw extrusion 3D printing device, including a base 8, a first Z-axis motion module 4, a second Z-axis motion module 5, a first Y-axis motion module 81, a second Y-axis motion module 82, an X-axis motion module 72, a printing heated bed 7, a crossbeam 6, an L-shaped bracket 61, and a screw extruder 1; the screw extruder 1 is fixed to the crossbeam 6 via the L-shaped bracket 61, and both sides of the crossbeam 6 are slidably fixed to the first Z-axis motion module 4 and the second Z-axis motion module 5 via first guide rail fixing clips, and the first Z-axis motion module 81 is fixed to the first Z-axis motion module 4 and the second Z-axis motion module 5 via first guide rail fixing clips. The Z-axis motion module 4 and the second Z-axis motion module 5 are arranged in parallel, enabling the screw extruder 1 to move upward and downward. The printing heated bed 7 is slidably fixed to the X-axis motion module 72 via the second guide rail fixing clip 71, thus enabling left and right movement. The X-axis motion module 72 is slidably fixed to the first Y-axis motion module 81 and the second Y-axis motion module 82 via the third guide rail fixing clip, and the first Y-axis motion module 81 and the second Y-axis motion module 82 are arranged in parallel, enabling the printing heated bed 7 to move back and forth.

[0027] like Figure 2 As shown, the screw extruder 1 includes a motor 11, a feed trough 16, a sleeve 19, a screw 2, a water-cooling jacket 3, a heating element, and a nozzle 191. A drive shaft 13 is connected below the motor 11, and the drive shaft 13 drives the screw 2 to rotate via a coupling 15. The motor 11 and the feed trough 16 are fixed together by a copper pillar 14. The sleeve 19 is fitted onto the screw 2, so that the helical groove section of the screw 2 is located inside the sleeve 19. A wire groove 12 is provided at the upper end of the motor 11 for leading out two-phase winding wires to the driver. The top and bottom ends of the sleeve 19 are connected to the copper pillar 14 and the nozzle 191, respectively. The water-cooling jacket 3 is fitted onto the upper part of the sleeve 19. The heating element... Located below the sleeve 19, the heating element includes a first heating element 17 and a second heating element 18. The first heating element 17 is located above the second heating element 18, and the length of the second heating element 18 is greater than the length of the first heating element 17. The first heating element 17 and the second heating element 18 are respectively connected to heating wires. The temperatures of the first heating element 17 and the second heating element 18 can be set according to the properties of the printing material. The outer wall of the first heating element 17 is fitted with a first fixing clip 171, and the outer wall of the second heating element 18 is fitted with a second fixing clip 181. Each fixing clip has two threaded holes, and the heating element can be fastened by inserting screws into the threaded holes.

[0028] like Figure 3As shown, the lower end of the guide rod 21 of the screw 2 has a groove 22 to facilitate material feeding during printing. The spiral groove section of the screw 2 includes an upper spiral groove 24 and a lower spiral groove 25. The groove depth of the upper spiral groove 24 is greater than that of the lower spiral groove 25. That is to say, the spiral groove depth of the screw 2 changes at about halfway in the middle of the spiral groove section. This structural design can better adapt to the extrusion process of printing material. The spiral ribs 23 between the spiral grooves have the same thickness, and the outer diameter of the spiral ribs 23 is the same as the outer diameter of the screw 2.

[0029] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the water-cooling jacket 3 is a hollow, sleeve-shaped structure. Its inner wall 31 has a circular cross-section, and its outer wall 32 has a hexagonal cross-section. The water channels 35 inside the water-cooling jacket 3 are arranged in a regular hexagonal coiled layout, with rounded corners at each edge to effectively avoid turbulence and enhance heat exchange. The cross-section of the water channels 35 is circular, with the diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom, and the coiling spacing gradually increasing from top to bottom. This design allows for better heat dissipation near the feed inlet, preventing the printing material from melting and adhering to the feed inlet prematurely.

[0030] The outer wall 32 of the water-cooling jacket 3 is provided with an inlet 33 and an outlet 34, both of which are threaded holes to facilitate connection to external water inlet and outlet pipes. A water flow expansion section is provided at the bottom of the water channel, ensuring that the cross-section of the outlet 34 water channel has the same diameter as the inlet 33, thus balancing the pressure at the outlet 34. The upper and lower parts of the water-cooling jacket 3 are respectively provided with an upper screw hole 36 and a lower screw hole 37, penetrating the outer wall 32 and inner wall 31 of the water-cooling jacket 3, but without interfering with the internal water channel 35. Screws can be inserted into the upper and lower threaded holes to abut against the internal sleeve 19, thereby securing the water-cooling jacket 3.

[0031] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned screw extrusion 3D printing device is used for model printing. The specific process includes:

[0032] When printing a 3D model, the first heating element 17 and the second heating element 18 are set to appropriate heating temperatures according to the different printing materials. Simultaneously, the data information obtained from slicing the 3D model is input to the X-axis motion module 72, the Y-axis motion module, and the Z-axis motion module. After placing the appropriate printing material into the material tank 16, the printer can be started. Based on the model's slicing information, the printer will cause the X-axis motion module 72 and the Y-axis motion module to move the printing heated bed back and forth and left and right on the plane, while the Z-axis motion module drives the screw extruder 1 to move upwards. The motor 11 drives the screw 2 to rotate within the sleeve 19. The water-cooling sleeve 3 effectively prevents the material at the feed inlet from melting and sticking prematurely. This allows the screw 2 to smoothly compress and melt the printing material before it exits through the nozzle onto the printing heated bed. After one layer of filament is extruded, the nozzle 191 rises to a higher height to extrude the second layer. Through continuous accumulation, the final desired model is printed.

Claims

1. A screw extrusion 3D printing device, comprising a base, a Z-axis motion module, a Y-axis motion module, an X-axis motion module, a printing heated bed, and a screw extruder, characterized in that, The screw extruder includes a motor, a feed trough, a sleeve, a screw, a water-cooling jacket, a heating element, and a nozzle. The motor drives the screw to rotate via a coupling. The motor and the feed trough are fixed together by copper pillars. The sleeve is fitted onto the screw, and the top and bottom ends of the sleeve are connected to the copper pillar and the nozzle, respectively. The upper part of the spiral groove section of the screw has a greater groove depth than the lower part. A water-cooling jacket is provided at the top of the sleeve, and the interior of the water-cooling jacket has hexagonal coiled water channels.

2. The screw extrusion 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Z-axis motion module includes a first Z-axis motion module and a second Z-axis motion module, and the Y-axis motion module includes a first Y-axis motion module and a second Y-axis motion module. A crossbeam is fitted on the first Z-axis motion module and the second Z-axis motion module. The screw extruder is fixed to the crossbeam by an L-shaped bracket. The printing heated bed is slidably fixed to the X-axis motion module by guide rail fixing clips. The X-axis motion module is slidably fixed to the first Y-axis motion module and the second Y-axis motion module by guide rail fixing clips.

3. The screw extrusion 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heating element is located below the sleeve. The heating element includes a first heating element and a second heating element. The first heating element is located above the second heating element, and the length of the second heating element is greater than the length of the first heating element.

4. The screw extrusion 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the screw has a groove to facilitate feeding.

5. The screw extrusion 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screw has a spiral groove section comprising an upper spiral groove and a lower spiral groove, wherein the depth of the upper spiral groove is greater than the depth of the lower spiral groove.

6. The screw extrusion 3D printing device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper and lower spiral grooves have the same spiral ridge thickness, and the outer diameter of the spiral ridge is the same as the outer diameter of the screw.

7. The screw extrusion 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water-cooling jacket is integrally formed by 3D metal printing, and the water-cooling jacket is a hollow sleeve-shaped structure with a circular inner wall cross-section and a hexagonal outer wall cross-section.

8. The screw extrusion 3D printing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The water channels inside the water-cooling jacket are arranged in a regular hexagonal coiled layout, with rounded corners at each edge. The cross-section of the water channels is circular, with the diameter gradually decreasing from top to bottom, and the coiling spacing of the water channels gradually increasing from top to bottom.

9. The screw extrusion 3D printing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the water-cooled jacket is provided with an inlet and an outlet, and a water flow expansion section is provided at the bottom of the water channel so that the cross-section of the outlet water channel is the same as the diameter of the inlet.

10. A screw extrusion 3D printing device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The outer wall of the first heating element is fitted with a first fixing clip, and the outer wall of the second heating element is fitted with a second fixing clip.

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