Single-blade shield cutter with enhanced heat dissipation performance

Abstract

The utility model relates to a single blade shield cutter of reinforcing heat dissipation performance, including the cutter shaft and cutter body, the two ends axial end face of cutter body is provided with two groups of sealing components respectively, and sealing components are located the periphery of cutter shaft, and the sealed cavity is formed between the cutter body and cutter shaft, and the inside of sealed cavity is filled with liquid heat conducting medium, and the inside of cutter body is provided with annular cavity, and the inside of cutter body is provided with a plurality of capillary channels that are arranged in the uniform circle around cutter body axis, and the both ends of capillary channel are connected with cavity and sealed cavity respectively, the utility model discloses that the liquid heat conducting medium in cavity absorbs heat and changes into steam, absorbs the heat generated when cutter ring works, and steam is driven by pressure difference and moves to sealed cavity along capillary channel and condenses and releases heat, and heat is diffused to the environment efficiently through the structural characteristics of the large surface area of cutter body, and the liquid heat conducting medium after condensation is pumped to the inside of cavity from sealed cavity under the action of capillary channel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of shield tunnel cutterhead technology, and in particular to a single-edged shield tunnel cutterhead with enhanced heat dissipation performance. Background Technology

[0002] As a key rock-breaking component of tunnel boring machines, the cutterhead mainly uses enormous thrust and torque to penetrate the rock mass and break it up. During construction in hard rock formations, intense friction and compression occur between the cutterhead and the rock, converting most of the mechanical energy into heat energy and creating instantaneous high temperatures. This heat mainly accumulates in the contact area between the cutterhead and the rock, as well as in the bearings that support the rotation of the cutterhead, causing the operating temperature to rise sharply.

[0003] Common cutter head cooling technologies mainly rely on the thermal conductivity of the cutter head material itself, and then rely on indirect heat exchange between the cutter head and the rock debris, soil, or occasional sprayed cooling water generated during the tunneling process. However, in hard rock formations, the amount of rock debris generated is relatively small, and the supply of cooling water is often subject to unstable pressure, insufficient flow, or even interruption due to site conditions. Unstable heat dissipation will affect the service life of the cutter head, increase the replacement frequency, thereby increasing construction costs and affecting the project progress.

[0004] Therefore, to address the aforementioned issues, a single-edged shield tunneling cutterhead with enhanced heat dissipation performance can be designed. The cutterhead incorporates a low-melting-point liquid heat-conducting medium within its sealed cavity, and a hollow cavity with an integrated capillary liquid-absorbing structure is created inside the cutter body at a position corresponding to the cutter ring, forming a closed-loop thermal management system. During operation, the cutter ring heats up, transferring heat to the cutter body. The liquid heat-conducting medium within the cutter body's hollow cavity absorbs the heat and vaporizes into steam. Under pressure differential, the generated steam flows to the sealed cavity inside the cutter body, where it condenses and releases heat. The heat is then dissipated over a large area of ​​the cutter body into the surrounding environment. The condensed liquid heat-conducting medium is automatically drawn back from the sealed cavity into the hollow cavity for circulation under the pumping force of the capillary liquid-absorbing structure, forming a continuous circulating heat dissipation path without external power or resource consumption. This effectively improves thermal management efficiency and ensures stable operation of the cutterhead under high-temperature conditions. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome the problems of traditional cutter head cooling technology, which mainly relies on the thermal conductivity of the cutter body material itself and achieves passive cooling through indirect heat exchange between the cutter ring and the rock debris, soil, or intermittently sprayed cooling water generated during the tunneling process, the amount of rock debris generated is affected by geological conditions and the supply of cooling water is easily limited by on-site construction conditions, resulting in unstable pressure or flow interruption, which leads to unstable cooling effect and thus adversely affects the service life of the cutter head.

[0006] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: a single-edged shield tunnel cutter with enhanced heat dissipation performance, including a cutter shaft, a cutter body connected to the periphery of the cutter shaft by bearings, a cutter ring provided on the periphery of the cutter body, and two sets of sealing assemblies respectively provided on the axial end faces of both ends of the cutter body. The sealing assemblies are located on the periphery of the cutter shaft and form a sealing cavity between the cutter body and the cutter shaft. The interior of the sealing cavity is filled with a liquid heat-conducting medium. An annular cavity is opened inside the cutter body. Several capillary channels are evenly arranged circumferentially around the axis of the cutter body. The two ends of the capillary channels are respectively connected to the cavity and the sealing cavity.

[0007] Preferably, a capillary channel is used to connect the cavity inside the cutter body with the sealed cavity between the cutter body and the cutter shaft. By injecting a liquid heat-conducting medium into the sealed cavity, the temperature of the cutter ring will rise sharply due to friction and impact load during operation. The heat of the cutter ring is conducted to the cavity through the cutter body, causing the liquid heat-conducting medium in the cavity to absorb heat and change into vapor. Driven by the pressure difference, the vapor migrates along the capillary channel to the sealed cavity and condenses and releases heat. The heat is efficiently diffused to the environment through the structural feature of the large surface area of ​​the cutter body. The condensed liquid heat-conducting medium is automatically drawn back into the cavity from the sealed cavity for circulation under the pumping force formed by the surface tension of the capillary channel. This constructs a closed-loop thermal management system without external energy input, realizes a continuous and stable heat circulation and heat dissipation path, and significantly improves thermal management efficiency and equipment operation reliability.

[0008] Preferably, the liquid heat transfer medium has a melting point below 50°C and a boiling point between 80°C and 150°C, and the liquid heat transfer medium is silicone oil.

[0009] Preferably, the cross-sectional width of the cavity is consistent with the cross-sectional width of the cutter ring.

[0010] Preferably, both the cutter ring and the cutter body are made of high-strength and high-thermal-conductivity alloy materials, and the outer working surface of the cutter ring is provided with a wear-resistant cladding layer.

[0011] Preferably, the sealing assembly includes an end cap and a floating sealing ring. The end cap is located on the axial end face of the cutter body, and a floating sealing ring is provided on one side of the end cap.

[0012] Preferably, the end cap has a filling hole on its surface, and a plug is installed inside the filling hole.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0014] During operation, the heat of the cutter ring is conducted to the cavity through the cutter body and absorbed by the liquid heat-conducting medium inside the cavity, ensuring the temperature stability of the cutter ring. At the same time, the liquid heat-conducting medium inside the cavity absorbs heat and transforms into vapor. Driven by the pressure difference, the vapor migrates along the capillary channel to the sealed cavity and condenses and releases heat. The released heat is efficiently diffused into the environment through the structural feature of the large surface area of ​​the cutter body. The condensed liquid heat-conducting medium is automatically drawn back into the cavity from the sealed cavity by the pumping force formed by the surface tension of the capillary channel. This achieves efficient heat dissipation of the cutter ring without the need for external power or resources, effectively improving the operational stability and service life of long cutter rings. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the single-edged shield tunnel cutterhead with enhanced heat dissipation performance according to this utility model.

[0016] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the single-edged shield tunnel cutterhead with enhanced heat dissipation performance according to this utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 This invention showcases a single-edged shield tunneling cutter with enhanced heat dissipation performance. Figure 2 Enlarged 3D structural diagram of the circled area;

[0018] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of another single-edged shield tunnel cutter with enhanced heat dissipation performance according to this utility model.

[0019] Figure 5 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of the single-blade shield cutterhead sealing assembly with enhanced heat dissipation performance according to this utility model.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Cutter shaft; 2. Cutter body; 201. Cavity; 202. Capillary channel; 3. Cutter ring; 301. Wear-resistant cladding layer; 401. End cap; 402. Floating sealing ring; 403. Filling hole; 404. Plug. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0022] Please see Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4This utility model provides an embodiment of a single-edged shield tunneling cutter with enhanced heat dissipation performance, comprising a cutter shaft 1, a cutter body 2 connected to the periphery of the cutter shaft 1 via bearings, a cutter ring 3 disposed on the periphery of the cutter body 2, and two sets of sealing assemblies respectively disposed on the axial end faces of both ends of the cutter body 2. The sealing assemblies are located on the periphery of the cutter shaft 1, forming a sealed cavity between the cutter body 2 and the cutter shaft 1. The interior of the sealed cavity is filled with a liquid heat-conducting medium. An annular cavity 201 is formed inside the cutter body 2, and several capillary channels 202 are uniformly arranged circumferentially around the axis of the cutter body 2. The two ends of the capillary channels 202 are respectively connected to the cavity 201 and the sealed cavity. The capillary channels 202 connect the cavity 201 inside the cutter body 2 to the cutter body 2 and the cutter shaft 1. The sealed cavities are connected and interconnected. By injecting liquid heat-conducting medium into the sealed cavities, the temperature of the blade ring 3 will rise sharply due to friction and impact loads during operation. The heat of the blade ring 3 is conducted to the cavity 201 through the blade body 2, causing the liquid heat-conducting medium in the cavity 201 to absorb heat and change into vapor. Driven by the pressure difference, the vapor migrates along the capillary channel 202 into the sealed cavity and condenses and releases heat. The heat is efficiently diffused to the environment through the structural feature of the large surface area of ​​the blade body 2. The condensed liquid heat-conducting medium is automatically drawn back into the cavity 201 from the sealed cavity under the pumping force formed by the surface tension of the capillary channel 202. This constructs a closed-loop thermal management system without external energy input, realizes a continuous and stable heat circulation and heat dissipation path, and significantly improves thermal management efficiency and equipment operation reliability.

[0023] Please see Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 In this embodiment, the melting point of the liquid heat-conducting medium is below 50°C, and the boiling point is between 80°C and 150°C. The liquid heat-conducting medium is silicone oil. The silicone oil can both transfer heat and lubricate the bearing in the sealed cavity. The cross-sectional width of the cavity 201 is consistent with the cross-sectional width of the cutter ring 3, thereby ensuring the continuity of the heat conduction path and the uniform distribution of thermal stress. Both the cutter ring 3 and the cutter body 2 are made of high-strength and high-thermal-conductivity alloy materials. The outer working surface of the cutter ring 3 is provided with a wear-resistant cladding layer 301. The wear-resistant cladding layer 301 can effectively improve the wear resistance of the cutter ring 3 and extend its service life.

[0024] Please see Figure 1 and Figure 5In this embodiment, the sealing assembly includes an end cap 401 and a floating sealing ring 402. The end cap 401 is disposed on the axial end face of the cutter body 2, and the floating sealing ring 402 is disposed on one side of the end cap 401. A filling hole 403 is opened on the surface of the end cap 401, and a plug 404 is disposed inside the filling hole 403. The two sets of end caps 401 surround the cutter body 2 and the cutter shaft 1, and together with the floating sealing ring 402, form a sealing cavity, effectively isolating external impurities and maintaining the purity of the medium in the sealing cavity. The filling hole 403 can meet the initial filling and subsequent maintenance requirements of the liquid heat transfer medium. The plug 404 can ensure the airtightness requirements of the sealing cavity in the operating state, and ensure the long-term effectiveness of the closed-loop thermal management cycle.

[0025] Before the operation, the inside of the sealed cavity is filled with liquid heat-conducting medium through the filling hole 403, and the filling hole 403 is sealed with plug 404 after the filling is completed;

[0026] During operation, the temperature of the cutter ring 3 rises sharply due to friction and impact loads. The heat from the cutter ring 3 is conducted to the cavity 201 via the cutter body 2, causing the liquid heat-conducting medium in the cavity 201 to absorb heat and transform into vapor. Driven by the pressure difference, the vapor migrates along the capillary channel 202 to the sealed cavity and condenses, releasing heat. The released heat is efficiently diffused to the environment through the large surface area of ​​the cutter body 2. The condensed liquid heat-conducting medium is automatically drawn back into the cavity 201 from the sealed cavity by the pumping force formed by the surface tension of the capillary channel 202, thus constructing a closed-loop thermal management system without external energy input, realizing a continuous and stable heat circulation and heat dissipation path, and significantly improving thermal management efficiency and equipment operation reliability.

[0027] Through the above steps, the liquid heat-conducting medium in the cavity 201 absorbs heat and transforms into steam, absorbing the heat generated during the operation of the cutter ring 3. Driven by the pressure difference, the steam migrates along the capillary channel 202 to the sealed cavity and condenses to release heat. The heat is efficiently diffused to the environment through the large surface area of ​​the cutter body 2. The condensed liquid heat-conducting medium is automatically drawn back from the sealed cavity to the cavity 201 for circulation under the pumping force formed by the surface tension of the capillary channel 202. This constructs a closed-loop active thermal management system without external energy input, providing a continuous and stable heat circulation and heat dissipation path for the cutter ring 3. This solves the problem that the roller cutter heat dissipation technology mainly relies on the thermal conductivity of the cutter body 2 material itself and achieves indirect heat exchange through the cutter ring 3 with the rock debris, soil or intermittently sprayed cooling water generated during the tunneling process. However, the amount of rock debris generated fluctuates due to geological conditions, and the supply of cooling water is easily limited by on-site construction conditions, resulting in unstable pressure or flow interruption, which leads to unstable heat dissipation effect and adversely affects the service life of the roller cutter.

[0028] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A single-edged shield tunnel cutter with enhanced heat dissipation performance, comprising a cutter shaft (1), a cutter body (2) connected to the periphery of the cutter shaft (1) via bearings, and a cutter ring (3) disposed on the periphery of the cutter body (2), characterized in that: It also includes two sets of sealing components respectively set on the axial end faces of the two ends of the cutter body (2). The sealing components are located around the cutter shaft (1) and form a sealing cavity between the cutter body (2) and the cutter shaft (1). The interior of the sealing cavity is filled with a liquid heat-conducting medium. The interior of the cutter body (2) has an annular cavity (201). The interior of the cutter body (2) has several capillary channels (202) arranged evenly around the axis of the cutter body (2). The two ends of the capillary channels (202) are respectively connected to the cavity (201) and the sealing cavity.

2. The single-edged shield cutterhead with enhanced heat dissipation performance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The melting point of the liquid heat transfer medium is below 50°C, and the boiling point is between 80°C and 150°C. The liquid heat transfer medium is silicone oil.

3. The single-edged shield cutterhead with enhanced heat dissipation performance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross-sectional width of the cavity (201) is consistent with the cross-sectional width of the cutter ring (3).

4. A single-edged shield tunnel cutterhead with enhanced heat dissipation performance according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the cutter ring (3) and the cutter body (2) are made of high-strength and high-thermal-conductivity alloy materials, and the outer working surface of the cutter ring (3) is provided with a wear-resistant cladding layer (301).

5. A single-edged shield tunnel cutterhead with enhanced heat dissipation performance according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing assembly includes an end cap (401) and a floating sealing ring (402). The end cap (401) is located on the axial end face of the blade body (2), and a floating sealing ring (402) is provided on one side of the end cap (401).

6. A single-edged shield tunnel cutterhead with enhanced heat dissipation performance according to claim 5, characterized in that: The end cap (401) has a filling hole (403) on its surface, and a plug (404) is provided inside the filling hole (403).

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