support device

Abstract

The application relates to a supporting device, which can be moved along a horizontal direction by a first supporting arm and along a vertical direction by a second supporting arm, so that the first supporting arm and the second supporting arm can be accurately abutted at a position of tunnel surrounding rock needing support, closely fit the surrounding rock surface, ensure that the contact surface of the supporting arm is uniformly stressed, maximally exert the supporting effect, and timely and effectively inhibit the deformation of the surrounding rock; moreover, the device can also adapt to tunnel environments of different sizes and different working conditions, and the universality and practicality of the device are improved. The multiple first supporting arms and the multiple second supporting arms are respectively abutted at different positions of the tunnel surrounding rock, so that the pressure applied by the tunnel surrounding rock can be more evenly dispersed, the situation of supporting failure caused by excessive local stress can be avoided, the supporting capacity of the device to the surrounding rock is effectively enhanced, the resistance effect to the horizontal deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock is improved, and then the stability of the tunnel can be maintained, the construction safety can be ensured, and the normal development of subsequent construction procedures can be ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of tunnel support technology, and in particular to support devices. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous advancement of national infrastructure construction, highway and railway tunnel engineering, water conservancy and hydropower projects, and subway engineering are booming. However, during the construction of these projects, various adverse geological conditions are often encountered, with weak surrounding rock and rocks that are prone to disintegration when exposed to water being particularly prominent. Especially now, various railway tunnel projects and hydropower station water diversion tunnel projects are expanding into areas with deeper strata and more complex geology, resulting in a large number of deep-buried high-stress tunnel projects, making the problems encountered in tunnel construction increasingly frequent.

[0003] After tunnel excavation, stress redistribution occurs in the surrounding rock, which can easily lead to large deformation disasters such as excessive deformation of the surrounding rock, failure of the initial support, cracking of shotcrete, and twisting deformation of the arch frame. These disasters have a significant negative impact on the safety of on-site tunnel construction, as well as the safety of construction personnel and equipment. In sections with severe large deformation, arch replacement and rework may even be necessary, which not only significantly increases construction costs but also greatly reduces construction quality. Utility Model Content

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a support device to address the problem of easily deformable surrounding rock in tunnels.

[0005] A support device for supporting the surrounding rock of a tunnel, the support device comprising:

[0006] Supporting entity;

[0007] A first support unit is connected to the support body; the first support unit includes a plurality of first support arms arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction; the first support arms are movable relative to the support body along the horizontal direction, so that the end of the first support arm away from the support body abuts against the surrounding rock of the tunnel.

[0008] The second support unit is connected to the support body; the second support unit includes a plurality of second support arms arranged at intervals along the vertical direction; the second support arms are movable relative to the support body along the vertical direction so that the end of the second support arm away from the support body abuts against the surrounding rock of the tunnel.

[0009] In one embodiment, the first support arm includes a first fixed rod and a first telescopic rod slidably connected to the first fixed rod.

[0010] In one embodiment, the first support arm includes a first fixed frame and a first rotating frame rotatably connected to the first fixed frame; the first fixed frame is slidably connected to the support body; and the first rotating frame is connected to the first fixed rod.

[0011] In one embodiment, the first support arm further includes a first swivel joint, one end of which is connected to the first fixed frame, and the other end of which is connected to the first swivel frame.

[0012] In one embodiment, both the first rotating frame and the first rotating section are provided with a first connecting hole; the first support arm further includes a first locking member, which passes through the first connecting hole of the first rotating frame and the first rotating section to lock the first rotating frame and the first rotating section together.

[0013] In one embodiment, the second support arm includes a second fixed rod and a second telescopic rod slidably connected to the second fixed rod.

[0014] In one embodiment, the second support arm includes a second fixed frame and a second rotating frame rotatably connected to the second fixed frame; the second fixed frame is slidably connected to the support body; and the second rotating frame is connected to the second fixed rod.

[0015] In one embodiment, the second support arm further includes a second swivel joint, one end of which is connected to the second fixed frame, and the other end of which is connected to the second swivel frame.

[0016] In one embodiment, both the second rotating frame and the second rotating section are provided with a second connecting hole; the second support arm further includes a second locking member, which passes through the second connecting hole of the second rotating frame and the second rotating section to lock the second rotating frame and the second rotating section together.

[0017] In one embodiment, the support device includes two second support units, which are disposed on both sides of the second support unit along the horizontal direction;

[0018] And / or, the support body includes a first support frame and a second support frame, two second support frames are connected to both ends of the first support frame along the horizontal direction, the first support unit is connected to the first support frame; the second support unit is connected to the second support frame; a reinforcing member is connected between the first support frame and the second support frame;

[0019] And / or, the bottom of the support body is provided with rollers.

[0020] The aforementioned support device, with its main support structure serving as the core load-bearing structure, plays a crucial role in firmly connecting the various support units, ensuring that each support arm maintains a stable positional relationship during operation. By moving the first support arm horizontally and the second support arm vertically, the first and second support arms can precisely abut against the areas of the tunnel surrounding rock requiring support, closely adhering to the rock surface. This ensures uniform force distribution on the contact surfaces of the support arms, maximizing their supporting effect and effectively suppressing surrounding rock deformation. Furthermore, it can adapt to tunnel environments of different sizes and working conditions, enhancing the device's versatility and practicality. By having multiple first and second support arms abut against different positions in the tunnel surrounding rock, the pressure applied by the surrounding rock is more evenly distributed, preventing support failure due to excessive localized stress. This effectively enhances the device's support capacity for the surrounding rock, improves its resistance to horizontal deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock, and thus helps maintain tunnel stability, ensuring construction safety and the smooth progress of subsequent construction procedures. Attached Figure Description

[0021] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments or exemplary embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or exemplary embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0022] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a support device provided in an embodiment of this application.

[0023] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial schematic diagram of the first support arm in the support device shown.

[0024] Reference numerals: 100, Support body; 110, First support frame; 120, Second support frame; 130, Reinforcing member; 140, Roller; 200, First support unit; 210, First support arm; 211, First fixed rod; 212, First telescopic rod; 213, First fixed frame; 214, First rotating frame; 215, First rotating joint; 216, First locking member; 220, Driving member; 300, Second support unit; 1000, Tunnel surrounding rock. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of this application more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Many specific details are set forth in the following description to provide a thorough understanding of this application. However, this application can be implemented in many other ways different from those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar modifications without departing from the spirit of this application. Therefore, this application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0026] In the description of this application, it should be understood that if terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" appear, these terms indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this application.

[0027] Furthermore, where the terms "second" or "second" appear, these terms are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "second" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, where the term "multiple" appears, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0028] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0029] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the use of descriptions such as "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the second and second features are in direct contact, or that they are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "on top of," and "over" the second feature can mean that the second feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the second feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. Similarly, "below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the second feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the second feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0030] It should be noted that if an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "set on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or there may be an intervening element. If an element is considered to be "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intervening element. If so, the terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used in this application are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only possible implementation.

[0031] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of this application provides a support device for supporting tunnel surrounding rock 1000. The support device includes a support body 100, a first support unit 200, and a second support unit 300. The first support unit 200 is connected to the support body 100. The first support unit 200 includes a plurality of first support arms 210 arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction. The first support arms 210 are movable relative to the support body 100 in the horizontal direction so that the end of the first support arm 210 away from the support body 100 abuts against the tunnel surrounding rock 1000. The second support unit 300 is connected to the support body 100. The second support unit 300 includes a plurality of second support arms arranged at intervals along the vertical direction. The second support arms are movable relative to the support body 100 in the vertical direction so that the end of the second support arm away from the support body 100 abuts against the tunnel surrounding rock 1000.

[0032] The aforementioned support device, with the main support 100 serving as the core load-bearing structure, plays a crucial role in firmly connecting the various support units, ensuring that each support arm maintains a stable positional relationship during operation. By moving the first support arm 210 horizontally and the second support arm vertically, the first and second support arms can precisely abut against the areas of the tunnel surrounding rock 1000 requiring support, closely adhering to the rock surface. This ensures uniform force distribution on the contact surfaces of the support arms, maximizing their supporting effect and effectively suppressing surrounding rock deformation. Furthermore, it can adapt to tunnel environments of different sizes and working conditions, enhancing the device's versatility and practicality. By having multiple first support arms 210 and multiple second support arms abut against different positions on the tunnel surrounding rock 1000, the pressure applied to the tunnel surrounding rock 1000 is more evenly distributed, preventing support failure due to excessive localized stress. This effectively enhances the device's support capacity for the surrounding rock, improves its resistance to horizontal deformation of the tunnel surrounding rock 1000, and thus helps maintain tunnel stability, ensuring construction safety and the smooth progress of subsequent construction procedures.

[0033] In some embodiments, the support body 100 may include a single or multiple trolley main frame made of I-beams. Multiple main frames may be connected laterally by I-beams. The type of I-beam may be selected according to the actual deformation level of the soft rock tunnel with large deformation on site, in order to prevent the temporary support trolley from failing.

[0034] In some embodiments, the number of the first support arm 210 and the second support arm can be set according to the needs of the site. For example, in the embodiment shown in the accompanying drawings, there are two first support arms 210 and four second support arms, with two second support arms located on the left side of the support body 100 and the other two second support arms located on the right side of the support body 100.

[0035] like Figure 1 As shown, in some embodiments, the support body 100 is provided with multiple driving components 220. A first support arm 210 is connected to a driving component, and a second support arm is connected to a driving component. The multiple driving components 220 drive the movement of the first support arm 210 and the second support arm respectively. The driving components can be linear driving components such as cylinders, lead screw motors, or electric push rods.

[0036] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the first support arm 210 includes a first fixed rod 211 and a first telescopic rod 212 slidably connected to the first fixed rod 211.

[0037] The first support arm 210 adopts a telescopic structure, which allows for convenient adjustment of its overall length. For example, in wider sections of the tunnel, by pulling the first telescopic rod 212 out of the first fixed rod 211 by an appropriate length, the effective length of the first support arm 210 can be increased, allowing it to smoothly reach the surrounding rock surface at a greater distance, ensuring effective support for the surrounding rock 1000 of tunnels with different widths. In relatively narrow areas of the tunnel, the extension length of the first telescopic rod 212 can be shortened, preventing the support arm from becoming too long and affecting the overall stability and ease of operation of the device, thus flexibly adapting to the support requirements of tunnel cross-sections of different widths.

[0038] Furthermore, this design facilitates transportation and storage. During transportation, the first telescopic rod 212 can be retracted into the first fixed rod 211, significantly reducing the space occupied by a single support arm. This allows for the loading of more support arm components within the limited space of transport vehicles. It also facilitates storage at the construction site's material storage area, saving space resources and reducing transportation and storage inconveniences caused by excessively long or large components. This improves the overall convenience of the support device in terms of logistics and on-site management. Correspondingly, during support operation, the telescopic rod can extend to match the tunnel shape, adapting to the support requirements of different tunnel locations.

[0039] The end component of the first telescopic pole 212 can be selected according to the characteristics of the on-site support location. The end component includes an enlarged square contact plate and a weldable end plate.

[0040] In some embodiments, the end component is an enlarged square contact plate, which is square in shape and relatively large in size. When a larger contact area is needed at the temporary support location on the construction site to distribute the supporting force, the end of the telescopic rod can be adjusted and replaced with this enlarged square contact plate. For example, when the surrounding rock is relatively soft and has limited pressure-bearing capacity per unit area, using it to contact the surrounding rock can increase the contact area, allowing the supporting force to be distributed more evenly on the surface of the surrounding rock. This avoids further deformation or even damage to the surrounding rock due to excessive local pressure, and better serves the purpose of temporarily supporting and stabilizing the surrounding rock.

[0041] In some embodiments, the end component is a weldable end plate. Weldable end plates are useful in specific construction scenarios when further customization of the end structure or reinforcement with other components is required. For example, if special structures near the temporary support location require connection to enhance overall stability, or if auxiliary supports or small positioning components need to be welded to the end plate, such weldable end plates can be selected. Then, welding operations can be performed according to actual needs to meet diverse and customized temporary support requirements.

[0042] In some embodiments, the first telescopic rod 212 can be driven to extend and retract by a hydraulic drive. The hydraulic drive enables high-precision control of the extension and retraction of the first telescopic rod 212. By controlling parameters such as the flow rate and pressure of the hydraulic oil, the extension and retraction of the first telescopic rod 212 can be adjusted in millimeter-level or even finer units.

[0043] Furthermore, in tunnel construction environments, the first telescopic rod 212 often needs to overcome significant external resistance during its extension and retraction due to the potential deformation pressure of the surrounding rock, the self-weight of the soil and rock, and the additional forces caused by complex geological conditions. The hydraulic drive provides a powerful driving force, converting the energy of power sources such as motors into the pressure energy of high-pressure hydraulic fluid via a hydraulic pump, thereby driving the first telescopic rod 212 to overcome these resistances and perform its extension and retraction movements. Whether extending the first telescopic rod 212 to meet the surrounding rock or retracting it under the pressure of deformed surrounding rock, the hydraulic drive ensures smooth operation and guarantees that the support work is not affected by significant external resistance.

[0044] In some embodiments, the hydraulic drive component may be a hydraulic cylinder, an electro-hydraulic actuator, etc.

[0045] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the first support arm 210 includes a first fixed frame 213 and a first rotating frame 214 rotatably connected to the first fixed frame 213; the first fixed frame 213 is slidably connected to the support body 100; and the first rotating frame 214 is connected to the first fixed rod 211.

[0046] The first fixed frame 213 can slide along the support body 100, allowing the entire first support arm 210 to adjust its overall position in the horizontal direction. This enables the spacing between multiple first support arms 210 to be flexibly adjusted according to the tunnel cross-section width and the distribution characteristics of the surrounding rock deformation areas. For wide-section tunnels, the spacing between adjacent support arms can be increased by sliding, ensuring uniform support for the surrounding rock at different horizontal positions such as sidewalls and arch waists. For areas with concentrated local deformation, the position of the corresponding support arm can be slidably adjusted to precisely align with the parts requiring reinforced support, avoiding blind spots and improving the targeted nature of the support. Furthermore, this sliding configuration can be adapted to tunnels of different sizes, enhancing its versatility.

[0047] The rotation of the first rotating frame 214 relative to the first fixed frame 213 causes the first fixed rod 211 and the telescopic rod connected thereto to change their support angles. When the surrounding rock surface is inclined, rotating the first rotating frame 214 allows the end of the telescopic rod (such as an enlarged contact plate) to remain perpendicular to or in contact with the surrounding rock surface, ensuring that the support force is transmitted in the optimal direction (such as perpendicular to the surrounding rock surface), avoiding local stress concentration caused by angle deviation (such as secondary damage caused by the edge of the contact plate pressing against the surrounding rock). At the same time, it can also buffer the impact force of surrounding rock deformation. When the surrounding rock is squeezed into the tunnel, the first support arm 210 can adapt to the deformation direction by rotating a small angle, avoiding the first fixed rod 211 or the telescopic rod from bending or breaking due to excessive torque caused by rigid force.

[0048] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the first support arm 210 further includes a first rotating section 215, one end of which is connected to the first fixed frame 213, and the other end of which is connected to the first rotating frame 214.

[0049] The first swivel joint 215, as a specialized rotating connection component, enables controllable and quantifiable angle adjustment of the first rotating frame 214 relative to the first fixed frame 213; it also enhances the stability and load-bearing capacity of the rotating connection. The first swivel joint 215 can be a hinge, a damping shaft, a universal joint, etc.

[0050] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, both the first rotating frame 214 and the first rotating section 215 are provided with a first connecting hole; the first support arm 210 also includes a first locking member 216, which passes through the first connecting hole of the first rotating frame 214 and the first rotating section 215 to lock the first rotating frame 214 and the first rotating section 215 together.

[0051] After the support angle of the first rotating frame 214 is adjusted by the first rotating section 215, the first locking member 216 passes through the first connecting hole and locks it, which can fix the relative position of the first rotating frame 214 and the first rotating section 215, effectively preventing the first support arm 210 from loosening or shifting due to surrounding rock compression, vibration or long-term stress during the support process. The first connecting hole can be a threaded hole, and the first locking member 216 can include bolts and nuts.

[0052] The connection method between the first fixed frame 213 and the first rotating section 215 can refer to the first rotating frame 214. For example, the first fixed frame 213 and the first rotating section 215 are provided with connection holes, and the two are locked together by passing a locking member, such as a bolt, through the connection holes of the first fixed frame 213 and the first rotating section 215.

[0053] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the second support arm includes a second fixed rod and a second telescopic rod slidably connected to the second fixed rod. The specific structure of the second support arm can be referenced to the first support arm 210. The second support arm adopts a telescopic design, which allows for convenient adjustment of the overall length of the second support arm, and also facilitates transportation and storage.

[0054] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the second support arm includes a second fixed frame and a second rotating frame rotatably connected to the second fixed frame; the second fixed frame is slidably connected to the support body 100; the second rotating frame is connected to the second fixed rod. The second fixed frame can slide along the support body 100, allowing the entire second support arm to adjust its overall position in the horizontal direction, and enabling the spacing between multiple second support arms to be flexibly adjusted according to the tunnel cross-section width and the distribution characteristics of the surrounding rock deformation area.

[0055] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the second support arm further includes a second swivel joint, one end of which is connected to the second fixed frame, and the other end of which is connected to the second rotating frame. As a dedicated rotary connection component, the second swivel joint enables controllable and quantifiable angle adjustment of the second rotating frame relative to the second fixed frame; it also enhances the stability and load-bearing capacity of the rotary connection. The second swivel joint can be a hinge, a damping shaft, a universal joint, etc.

[0056] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, both the second rotating frame and the second rotating section are provided with second connecting holes; the second support arm also includes a second locking member, which passes through the second connecting holes of the second rotating frame and the second rotating section to lock the second rotating frame and the second rotating section together.

[0057] After adjusting the support angle of the second rotating frame through the second rotating section, the second locking member passes through the second connecting hole and locks in place. This fixes the relative position of the second rotating frame and the second rotating section, effectively preventing the second support arm from loosening or shifting due to surrounding rock pressure, vibration, or long-term stress during the support process. The second connecting hole can be a threaded hole, and the second locking member can include bolts and nuts.

[0058] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in one embodiment, the support device includes two second support units 300, which are arranged horizontally on both sides of the second support unit 300.

[0059] In this way, the first support unit 200 and the two second support units 300 can support the surrounding rock in the circumferential direction, forming a support ring, improving the support effect on the surrounding rock, and reducing the possibility of deformation of the surrounding rock.

[0060] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the support body 100 includes a first support frame 110 and a second support frame 120. The two second support frames 120 are connected to the two ends of the first support frame 110 in a horizontal direction. The first support unit 200 is connected to the first support frame 110, and the second support unit 300 is connected to the second support frame 120.

[0061] After the first support frame 110 is connected to the two second support frames 120, the whole structure forms a frame structure similar to a portal or I-beam. This structure has high bending and torsional stiffness in both the horizontal and vertical directions. At the same time, it can also distribute the load and reduce local stress concentration. The first support frame 110 and the second support frame 120 can be connected separately (such as by bolts or pins), which can realize modular production, transportation and assembly.

[0062] In some embodiments, a reinforcing member 130 is connected between the first support frame 110 and the second support frame 120. By providing the reinforcing member 130, the overall rigidity of the support body 100 is further improved to resist combined loads; the force transmission path can also be optimized to reduce nodal loads; and the vibration and impact resistance of the structure can be enhanced.

[0063] In some embodiments, the first support frame 110, the second support frame 120, and the reinforcing member 130 may be steel structures.

[0064] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the bottom of the support body 100 is equipped with rollers 140. This enables rapid movement of the support device, improving construction efficiency; it also reduces the difficulty of movement operations and improves construction safety. Simultaneously, the support position can be flexibly adjusted, improving support precision.

[0065] In some embodiments, the aforementioned support device can be used when the tunnel face has just been excavated and before initial support has been implemented. In tunnel construction, the tunnel face is the critical face at the front of the excavating workpiece. When the excavation operation has just been completed, before initial support (such as installing steel arches, shotcrete, etc.) has been implemented, the surrounding rock is exposed, losing its original equilibrium. Stress begins to redistribute, and the surrounding rock is prone to deformation or even collapse. By quickly moving the support device to the appropriate position, it provides support to the newly excavated tunnel face surrounding rock, temporarily maintaining its stability and preventing excessive deformation or collapse before initial support construction. This buys time for subsequent initial support construction and creates relatively safe and stable construction conditions.

[0066] In some embodiments, the aforementioned support device can also be used when the initial support strength has not yet taken effect after initial support construction. After the initial support construction is completed, its support structure (e.g., the shotcrete needs a certain amount of time to solidify to reach the design strength, and the installed anchor bolts need to fully exert their anchoring force, etc.) cannot immediately reach the expected strength. That is, in this transitional stage where the strength has not yet fully taken effect to provide effective support for the surrounding rock, the surrounding rock still faces the risk of deformation. By introducing a support device, additional support is provided to the surrounding rock to compensate for the support gap during this period of insufficient initial support strength, further ensuring that the surrounding rock remains stable and avoiding problems such as initial support failure and subsequent construction being affected due to insufficient initial support strength causing the deformation of the surrounding rock to exceed the allowable range.

[0067] In some embodiments, the aforementioned support device can also be used for temporary support when tunnels experience severe large deformation. During tunnel construction, due to various complex reasons (such as encountering extremely weak surrounding rock, high ground stress environments, or special hydrogeological conditions), large deformation has occurred, and the degree of this deformation is quite severe. The existing support system may be unable to control the further development of deformation on its own. In this case, the support device can be placed in the severely deformed area to apply additional support force to the surrounding rock, helping to curb the escalation of deformation and buying time for further treatment measures such as reinforcing the initial support, adding secondary support, and grouting. This mitigates the safety hazards caused by large deformation and the adverse effects on construction progress and quality.

[0068] In other words, this support device can be applied at different stages of tunnel construction to play an important role in ensuring the stability of the surrounding rock and inhibiting its deformation.

[0069] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0070] The above embodiments merely illustrate several implementation methods of this application, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this application, and these all fall within the protection scope of this application. Therefore, the protection scope of this patent application should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A support device, characterized in that, The support device is used to support the surrounding rock of a tunnel and includes: Supporting entity; A first support unit is connected to the support body; the first support unit includes a plurality of first support arms arranged at intervals along the horizontal direction; the first support arms are movable relative to the support body along the horizontal direction, so that the end of the first support arm away from the support body abuts against the surrounding rock of the tunnel. The second support unit is connected to the support body; the second support unit includes a plurality of second support arms arranged at intervals along the vertical direction; the second support arms are movable relative to the support body along the vertical direction so that the end of the second support arm away from the support body abuts against the surrounding rock of the tunnel.

2. The support device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first support arm includes a first fixed rod and a first telescopic rod slidably connected to the first fixed rod.

3. The support device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first support arm includes a first fixed frame and a first rotating frame rotatably connected to the first fixed frame; the first fixed frame is slidably connected to the support body; the first rotating frame is connected to the first fixed rod.

4. The support device according to claim 3, characterized in that, The first support arm further includes a first rotating section, one end of which is connected to the first fixed frame, and the other end of which is connected to the first rotating frame.

5. The support device according to claim 4, characterized in that, Both the first rotating frame and the first rotating section are provided with a first connecting hole; the first support arm also includes a first locking member, which passes through the first connecting hole of the first rotating frame and the first rotating section to lock the first rotating frame and the first rotating section together.

6. The support device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The second support arm includes a second fixed rod and a second telescopic rod slidably connected to the second fixed rod.

7. The support device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The second support arm includes a second fixed frame and a second rotating frame rotatably connected to the second fixed frame; the second fixed frame is slidably connected to the support body; the second rotating frame is connected to the second fixed rod.

8. The support device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The second support arm also includes a second swivel joint, one end of which is connected to the second fixed frame, and the other end of which is connected to the second swivel frame.

9. The support device according to claim 8, characterized in that, Both the second rotating frame and the second rotating section are provided with a second connecting hole; the second support arm also includes a second locking member, which passes through the second connecting hole of the second rotating frame and the second rotating section to lock the second rotating frame and the second rotating section together.

10. The support device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The support device includes two second support units, which are arranged on both sides of the second support unit along the horizontal direction; And / or, the support body includes a first support frame and a second support frame, two second support frames are connected to both ends of the first support frame along the horizontal direction, the first support unit is connected to the first support frame; the second support unit is connected to the second support frame; a reinforcing member is connected between the first support frame and the second support frame; And / or, the bottom of the support body is provided with rollers.

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