A negative pressure type freeze-drying apparatus

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of negative pressure type freeze-drying equipment, it is related to freeze-drying technical field, comprising: bottom plate, freeze-drying bin, vacuum pump assembly and pipeline circulation assembly are assembled on the bottom plate;Freeze-drying bin opening position is hinged with bin door, and heating disc rack is arranged in freeze-drying bin, the pipeline circulation assembly extends to freeze-drying bin and is communicated with heating disc rack, for increasing the temperature required for freeze-drying to its inside;Freeze-drying bin top is assembled with straight rail, the end portion switching locking mechanism of straight rail away from heating disc rack, and auxiliary rail connected with switching locking mechanism, switching locking mechanism can be used for the vertical overturning of auxiliary rail relative to straight rail.The utility model is inserted by heating disc rack and material disc rack, can provide the heat required for sublimation for freeze-dried food;And the effect of switching locking mechanism makes that auxiliary rail can be used as the extension butt joint section of straight rail, facilitate upper and lower material rack, further improve work efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of freeze-drying technology, specifically to a negative pressure freeze-drying device. Background Technology

[0002] Freeze-drying is based on the three-phase diagram of water. By controlling temperature and pressure, the water in the material sublimates directly from solid ice to a gaseous state without passing through a liquid state, and is thus removed.

[0003] In actual use, firstly, the heating temperature during sublimation is uneven and the coverage area is small; secondly, when materials are freeze-dried in batches, the frozen material trays are suspended and transported by the conveyor rails. When entering and leaving the freeze-drying chamber, manual handling is required. The space inside the chamber is small, making it difficult to operate and resulting in low work efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, a new type of negative pressure freeze-drying equipment was designed. Utility Model Content

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a negative pressure freeze-drying device. Through the vacuum pump assembly, the vacuum system reduces the pressure inside the chamber. The interlacing arrangement of the heating plate rack and the material rack provides the heat required for sublimation of the freeze-dried food. Combined with the switching and locking mechanism, the auxiliary rail can be used as an extension section of the straight rail, facilitating the loading and unloading of the material rack and further improving work efficiency.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a negative pressure freeze-drying device, comprising: a base plate, on which a freeze-drying chamber, a vacuum pump assembly, and a pipeline circulation assembly are mounted; a chamber door is hinged at the opening of the freeze-drying chamber, and a heating plate frame is disposed within the freeze-drying chamber; the pipeline circulation assembly extends into the freeze-drying chamber and communicates with the heating plate frame to increase the temperature required for freeze-drying; a straight rail is mounted on the top of the freeze-drying chamber, and a switching locking mechanism is provided at the end of the straight rail away from the heating plate frame, and an auxiliary rail is connected to the switching locking mechanism; the switching locking mechanism can be used to vertically flip the auxiliary rail relative to the straight rail; and a material tray frame is also included, under the action of the switching locking mechanism, the auxiliary rail can be arranged parallel to the straight rail and serve as a docking extension of the freeze-drying chamber, and the material tray frame can be suspended and moved within the auxiliary rail and the straight rail for loading and unloading.

[0007] Preferably, the freeze-drying chamber is provided with external pipes on both sides, and each external pipe is equipped with a valve body, the end of which is connected to the vacuum pump assembly.

[0008] Preferably, the vacuum pump assembly includes a mounting plate on which a vacuum pump is fixed. The input end of the vacuum pump is connected to a valve body for evacuating the freeze-drying chamber to create a negative pressure environment.

[0009] Preferably, the switching locking mechanism includes two sets of mounting components fixed to the side wall of the straight rail end, and a transmission connector disposed in each set of mounting components. The transmission connector has a limiting groove, which is formed by a vertical groove and an inclined groove. Each set of mounting components has a fixed limiting post, which slides within the limiting groove. Each set of mounting components has a U-shaped structure. When the auxiliary rail is parallel to the straight rail, the limiting post is placed in the vertical groove of the limiting groove, and the end of the transmission connector abuts against the inner end of the mounting component to form a limiting lock.

[0010] Preferably, the material tray rack includes a support frame with a U-shaped structure, a plurality of material trays that are inserted into the support frame, on which rapidly frozen food can be placed, and slots formed on the support frame and located below each material tray.

[0011] Preferably, the heating plate frame includes a plurality of heating plates, each of which is fixed to the end of the freeze-drying chamber and corresponds one-to-one with a slot. When the support frame moves into the freeze-drying chamber, the material plate and the heating plate are spaced apart.

[0012] Preferably, the pipeline circulation assembly includes an inlet pipe, an outlet pipe, and a circulation tank. The circulation tank is equipped with heating pipes, and the outlet pipe and the inlet pipe extend into the freeze-drying chamber through a linear array of several conduits and communicate with the corresponding heating plates. A pump body connected between the inlet pipe and the circulation tank can provide power for fluid circulation. An installation pipe is connected between the outlet pipe and the circulation tank, and a pressure valve assembly is provided in the installation pipe to ensure that the fluid overflows the several heating plates arranged from top to bottom.

[0013] Preferably, the pressure valve assembly includes a support, a valve ball, and a valve plug disposed from bottom to top within the mounting tube. A spring is connected between the valve ball and the support to press the valve ball against the bottom of the valve plug and block the mounting tube passage.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows:

[0015] This invention utilizes a vacuum pump assembly to reduce the pressure inside the chamber; the interlacing arrangement of heating and material trays provides the heat required for sublimation of freeze-dried foods; and the switching and locking mechanism allows the auxiliary rail to serve as an extension of the straight rail, facilitating the loading and unloading of material trays and further improving work efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the warehouse entry state structure of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A second-view 3D structural diagram;

[0018] Figure 3 for Figure 1 A front view structural diagram;

[0019] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the BB cross-sectional structure;

[0020] Figure 5 for Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram at point A;

[0021] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of one state structure of the straight rail and auxiliary rail of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 7 This is a second-view perspective three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of another state structure of the straight rail and auxiliary rail of this utility model;

[0024] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure valve assembly structure of this utility model.

[0025] In the diagram: 111, freeze-drying chamber; 112, chamber door; 113, bottom plate;

[0026] 211. External connecting pipe; 212. Valve body; 213. Vacuum pump; 214. Mounting plate;

[0027] 311. Auxiliary rail; 313. Straight rail; 314. Mounting component; 315. Limiting post; 316. Transmission connecting component; 317. Limiting groove;

[0028] 411. Support frame; 412. Material tray; 413. Slot; 415. Slider;

[0029] 511. Heating plate; 512. Conduit; 513. Discharge pipe; 514. Inlet pipe; 515. Pump body; 516. Circulation tank; 517. Mounting pipe; 5171. Valve plug; 5172. Valve ball; 5173. Spring; 5174. Support component. Detailed Implementation

[0030] In the description of this utility model, it should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship, are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model. The various embodiments of this utility model are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Example 1

[0032] Please see Figures 1 to 9 The present invention preferably provides the following technical solution: a negative pressure freeze-drying device, comprising: a base plate 113, on which a freeze-drying chamber 111, a vacuum pump assembly, and a pipeline circulation assembly are mounted; a door 112 is hinged to the opening of the freeze-drying chamber 111, and a heating plate frame is disposed within the freeze-drying chamber 111; the pipeline circulation assembly extends into the freeze-drying chamber 111 and communicates with the heating plate frame to increase the temperature required for freeze-drying; a straight rail 313 is mounted on the top of the freeze-drying chamber 111, a switching locking mechanism is provided at the end of the straight rail 313 away from the heating plate frame, and an auxiliary rail 311 is connected to the switching locking mechanism; the switching locking mechanism can be used to vertically rotate the auxiliary rail 311 relative to the straight rail 313; a material tray frame is also included, under the action of the switching locking mechanism, the auxiliary rail 311 can be arranged parallel to the straight rail 313 and serve as the docking extension of the freeze-drying chamber 111, and the material tray frame can be suspended and moved within the auxiliary rail 311 and the straight rail 313 for loading and unloading.

[0033] In this embodiment, a negative pressure freeze-drying device is provided, which includes the following steps:

[0034] 1. Freezing stage: Achieved through a refrigeration system to ensure that all moisture in the material is frozen;

[0035] 2. Material loading and warehousing stage: By switching the locking mechanism, such as... Figure 1 , 6 As shown, when the auxiliary rail 311 is set parallel to the straight rail 313 and is connected to the extension section of the freeze-drying chamber 111, the material tray rack can be loaded into the chamber. After loading is completed, the auxiliary rail 311 is folded vertically and the chamber door 112 is closed to close the freeze-drying chamber 111.

[0036] 3. Negative pressure stage: The vacuum pump assembly is started to reduce the pressure inside the freeze-drying chamber 111 to below the triple point pressure of water, which is 610 Pa.

[0037] 4. Sublimation stage: In a vacuum environment, ice directly sublimates into water vapor without going through a liquid stage. The heating plate provides heat to promote the sublimation process.

[0038] 5. Sublimation Stage: After sublimation, residual moisture may still be adsorbed on the surface or inside the material. This residual moisture is removed through further heating or controlled conditions to achieve the final drying effect.

[0039] In this design, the vacuum system reduces the pressure inside the chamber by using a vacuum pump assembly; the interlacing arrangement of the heating tray and the material tray provides the heat required for sublimation of freeze-dried food; and the switching and locking mechanism allows the auxiliary rail 311 to serve as an extension of the straight rail 313, facilitating the loading and unloading of the material trays and further improving work efficiency.

[0040] Furthermore, external pipes 211 are provided on both sides of the freeze-drying chamber 111, and a valve body 212 is installed on each external pipe 211, with one end of the valve body 212 on one side connected to the vacuum pump assembly.

[0041] Furthermore, the vacuum pump assembly includes a mounting plate 214 on which a vacuum pump 213 is fixed. The input end of the vacuum pump 213 is connected to the valve body 212 and is used to evacuate the freeze-drying chamber 111 to a negative pressure environment.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, external pipes 211 are installed on both sides of the freeze-drying chamber 111, and valves 212 control their opening and closing. When the vacuum pump 213 is working, the corresponding valve 212 opens and the valve 212 on the other side closes. At this time, the vacuum pump 213 can draw a vacuum inside the external pipe 211 to form a negative pressure area. After the freeze-drying is completed, sterilization or high-temperature gas can be connected through the external pipe 211 on the other side to achieve sterilization treatment inside the chamber.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] In another embodiment of this utility model, the switching locking mechanism includes two sets of mounting parts 314 fixed on the end side wall of the straight rail 313, and a transmission connector 316 disposed in each set of mounting parts 314. The transmission connector 316 has a limiting groove 317, which is formed by a vertical groove and an inclined groove. A limiting post 315 is fixed in each set of mounting parts 314, and the limiting post 315 slides within the limiting groove 317. Each set of mounting parts 314 has a U-shaped structure. When the auxiliary rail 311 is parallel to the straight rail 313, the limiting post 315 is placed in the vertical groove of the limiting groove 317, and the end of the transmission connector 316 abuts against the inner end of the mounting part 314 to form a limiting lock.

[0045] In this embodiment, a switching locking mechanism is provided, such as... Figure 4 , 5As shown in Figures 6, 7, and 8, during loading and unloading, the limiting post 315 can be placed in the vertical groove of the limiting slot 317, and the end of the transmission connector 316 abuts against the inner end of the mounting part 314. Both work together to limit the movement, thus achieving docking and locking of the auxiliary rail 311 and the straight rail 313. At the end of loading and unloading, the auxiliary rail 311 is lifted, as shown in Figures 6, 7, and 8. Figure 7 As shown, the limiting post 315 moves to the corner position of the vertical groove and the inclined groove, and the auxiliary rail 311 is flipped downwards to form the shape shown. Figure 8 As shown in the diagram, the freeze-drying chamber 111 can be easily closed. The folding and extension of the auxiliary rail 311 greatly facilitates the entry and exit of materials.

[0046] Example 3

[0047] As another embodiment of this utility model, a material tray support frame 411 is provided, the support frame 411 has a U-shaped structure, and a plurality of material trays 412 are inserted into the support frame 411. The material trays 412 can hold rapidly frozen food, and slots 413 are provided on the support frame 411 and located below each material tray 412. The support frame 411 also includes a slider 415 provided on the top of the support frame 411, which can slide horizontally within the auxiliary rail 311 and the straight rail 313.

[0048] Furthermore, the heating plate frame includes several heating plates 511, each heating plate 511 is fixed at the end of the freeze-drying chamber 111 and corresponds one-to-one with the slot 413. When the support frame 411 moves into the freeze-drying chamber 111, the material tray 412 and the heating plate 511 are spaced apart.

[0049] The auxiliary rail 311 is unfolded and set parallel to the straight rail 313, with its end docking with the conveying rail of the support frame 411. This is an existing mature technology. With the docking and transfer function of the auxiliary rail 311, the material tray on the conveying rail can be transferred to the auxiliary rail 311 and then conveyed to the straight rail 313, thus realizing the warehousing process. The warehousing process is the same.

[0050] In the structural arrangement of the material tray rack and heating tray rack, after the rapidly frozen food is placed into the compartment, the material tray 412 and the heating tray 511 are interspersed, as follows: Figure 4 As shown, this interleaved arrangement ensures that the material on the material tray 412 is heated evenly, improving the efficiency and quality of material sublimation.

[0051] Example 4

[0052] As another embodiment of this utility model, the pipeline circulation assembly includes an inlet pipe 514, an outlet pipe 513, and a circulation tank 516. The circulation tank 516 is equipped with heating pipes, and the outlet pipe 513 and the inlet pipe 514 extend into the freeze-drying chamber 111 through a plurality of linear array conduits 512 and communicate with the corresponding heating plates 511. The pump body 515 connected between the inlet pipe 514 and the circulation tank 516 can provide power for fluid circulation. An installation pipe 517 is connected between the outlet pipe 513 and the circulation tank 516. The installation pipe 517 is equipped with a pressure valve assembly to ensure that the fluid fills the plurality of heating plates 511 arranged from top to bottom.

[0053] Furthermore, the pressure valve assembly includes a support member 5174, a valve ball 5172, and a valve plug 5171 disposed from bottom to top within the mounting tube 517. A spring 5173 is connected between the valve ball 5172 and the support member 5174 to press the valve ball 5172 against the bottom of the valve plug 5171 and block the passage of the mounting tube 517.

[0054] In this embodiment, a pipeline circulation assembly is further provided, such as Figure 2 , 9 As shown, heating pipes are installed inside the circulation tank 516. Controlling their power allows the fluid circulating in the pipe circulation assembly to become a heat medium at different temperatures. Driven by the pump body 515, the heat medium enters each heating plate 511 through the inlet pipe 514 on the right side and is discharged through the conduit 512 on the other side. When each heating plate 511 is filled with heat medium, a stable heat source is formed, allowing for temperature-controlled heating of the material on the material tray 412. Figure 9 As shown, through the action of the pressure valve assembly, when the heat medium is fully filled with several layers of heating plates 511, the pressure continues to increase. When the pressure reaches the set limit value, the valve ball 5172 is pressed down, causing the installation pipe 517 channel to open, forming a flow cycle.

[0055] In this utility model, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part. Among these, there are various ways to install detachably, such as by using a combination of plug-in and snap-fit, or by using bolts for connection, etc.

[0056] In addition, all the connections / connections mentioned in the article do not refer to direct connection of components, but rather to the formation of a better connection structure by adding or removing connecting accessories according to the specific implementation situation.

[0057] The above description of the specific embodiments of this utility model is only used to further illustrate this utility model and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this utility model. Any non-essential improvements and adjustments made to this utility model by technical engineers based on the above description of the utility model shall fall within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. A negative pressure freeze-drying device, characterized in that, include: The base plate (113) is equipped with a freeze-drying chamber (111), a vacuum pump assembly and a pipeline circulation assembly; The freeze-drying chamber (111) is hinged with a door (112) at the opening position, and a heating plate rack is provided inside the freeze-drying chamber (111). The pipeline circulation assembly extends into the freeze-drying chamber (111) and communicates with the heating plate rack to increase the temperature required for freeze-drying inside. The freeze-drying chamber (111) is equipped with a straight rail (313) at the top. The end of the straight rail (313) away from the heating plate frame is switched and locked by a mechanism, and an auxiliary rail (311) is connected to the switching and locking mechanism. The switching and locking mechanism can be used to make the auxiliary rail (311) rotate vertically relative to the straight rail (313). It also includes a material tray rack. Under the action of the switching locking mechanism, the auxiliary rail (311) can be set parallel to the straight rail (313) and serve as the docking extension of the freeze-drying chamber (111). The material tray rack can be suspended and moved within the auxiliary rail (311) and the straight rail (313) for loading and unloading.

2. The negative pressure freeze-drying equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The freeze-drying chamber (111) is provided with external pipes (211) on both sides, and each external pipe (211) is equipped with a valve body (212), one end of which is connected to the vacuum pump assembly.

3. The negative pressure freeze-drying equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vacuum pump assembly includes a mounting plate (214) on which a vacuum pump (213) is fixed. The input end of the vacuum pump (213) is connected to a valve body (212) for evacuating the freeze-drying chamber (111) to a negative pressure environment.

4. The negative pressure freeze-drying equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switching locking mechanism includes two sets of mounting parts (314) fixed on the side wall of the end of the straight rail (313), and a transmission connector (316) provided in each set of mounting parts (314). The transmission connector (316) has a limiting groove (317) formed by the connection of a vertical groove and an inclined groove. A limiting post (315) is fixed in each set of mounting parts (314). The limiting post (315) slides within the limiting groove (317). Each set of mounting components (314) has a U-shaped structure. When the auxiliary rail (311) and the straight rail (313) are aligned and connected, the limiting post (315) is placed in the vertical groove of the limiting groove (317), and the end of the transmission connector (316) abuts against the inner end of the mounting component (314) to form a limiting lock.

5. The negative pressure freeze-drying equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material tray rack includes a support frame (411) having a U-shaped structure, and a plurality of material trays (412) inserted into the support frame (411), on which rapidly frozen food can be placed, and slots (413) formed on the support frame (411) and located below each material tray (412).

6. The negative pressure freeze-drying equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that: The heating plate frame includes several heating plates (511), each of which is fixed at the end of the freeze-drying chamber (111) and corresponds one-to-one with the slot (413). When the support frame (411) moves into the freeze-drying chamber (111), the material tray (412) and the heating plate (511) are spaced apart.

7. The negative pressure freeze-drying equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipeline circulation assembly includes an inlet pipe (514), an outlet pipe (513), and a circulation tank (516). The circulation tank (516) is equipped with heating pipes. The outlet pipe (513) and the inlet pipe (514) extend into the freeze-drying chamber (111) through a linear array of several conduits (512) and communicate with the corresponding heating plates (511). A pump body (515) connected between the inlet pipe (514) and the circulation tank (516) can provide power for fluid circulation. An installation pipe (517) is connected between the outlet pipe (513) and the circulation tank (516). The installation pipe (517) is equipped with a pressure valve assembly to ensure that the fluid overflows the several heating plates (511) arranged from top to bottom.

8. A negative pressure freeze-drying device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pressure valve assembly includes a support (5174), a valve ball (5172), and a valve plug (5171) arranged from bottom to top in the mounting tube (517). A spring (5173) is connected between the valve ball (5172) and the support (5174) to press the valve ball (5172) against the bottom of the valve plug (5171) and block the passage of the mounting tube (517).

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