A grab bucket

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of vibration subpackaging, and concretely relates to a grab bucket, including the cylinder, the bottom of cylinder is evenly distributed with several claw tooth along its circumferential direction, the top of claw tooth is rotatably connected with cylinder, the upper portion of claw tooth is equipped with the limit hole, the inner portion of cylinder is the upper cavity and lower cavity, a plurality of safety locking assemblies have in the lower cavity, a plurality of safety locking assemblies correspond with claw tooth one to one, the safety locking assembly includes the locking pin that can insert into the limit hole is used for locking claw tooth when claw tooth closing. The utility model discloses through setting up safety locking assembly and fan solves the problem that the existing grab bucket hydraulic system appears the failure, and the heavy object is easy to fall and the hydraulic oil overheats, and the hydraulic system is easy to appear the failure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of grab bucket technology, specifically to a grab bucket. Background Technology

[0002] Grab buckets, as a common material handling device, are widely used in ports, power plants, metallurgy, mines, and construction sites for loading, unloading, and transferring various bulk cargoes, scrap steel, ores, and large lumpy materials. Currently, hydraulic grab buckets have become the mainstream product in the market due to their advantages such as large gripping force, smooth operation, and excellent stepless speed regulation. Their working principle involves a hydraulic system driving the piston rod of a hydraulic cylinder to extend and retract, controlling the opening and closing of the bucket flaps, thereby achieving the gripping and unloading of materials.

[0003] During the grabbing and lifting of heavy objects, the hydraulic system is the sole source of gripping force. If the hydraulic cylinder, pipeline, or valve assembly malfunctions (such as internal leakage due to damaged seals, pipeline rupture, or valve jamming), the system pressure will instantly become unstable. The hydraulic cylinder will be unable to maintain its original pushing or pulling force, causing the grab bucket's flaps to release under gravity, resulting in the grabbed object suddenly falling. This not only severely damages the conveying equipment below but also poses a significant threat to the lives of on-site operators and maintenance personnel. Furthermore, grab bucket operations typically involve continuous, high-frequency cyclical movements, requiring frequent reciprocating motion of the hydraulic cylinder piston rod. Under prolonged high-load operation, the hydraulic system generates substantial heat loss, causing the oil temperature to rise sharply. Excessively high oil temperatures significantly reduce the viscosity of the hydraulic oil, leading to hydraulic system malfunctions. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to provide a grab bucket that solves the problems of heavy objects easily falling off and hydraulic oil overheating when the hydraulic system malfunctions in existing grab buckets by setting up a safety locking component and a blower.

[0005] To address the problems of existing technologies, this utility model provides a grab bucket, including a cylindrical body. A plurality of claws are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction at the bottom of the cylindrical body. The tops of the claws are rotatably connected to the cylindrical body. Limiting holes are formed in the upper part of the claws. The inner part of the cylindrical body is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. The lower cavity contains a plurality of safety locking components, each corresponding to one of the claws. Each safety locking component includes a locking pin that can be inserted into the limiting hole. The locking pin is used to lock the claws when they are closed.

[0006] Preferably, the safety locking assembly includes a sleeve installed inside the lower cavity, and a locking pin that can slide in the sleeve. A support ring is provided on the locking pin near its insertion end, and a spring is sleeved on the locking pin. One end of the spring contacts the support ring, and the other end of the spring contacts the inner end face of the sleeve.

[0007] Preferably, the safety locking assembly further includes a driver mounted on the end of the sleeve for driving the locking pin to move out of the limiting hole.

[0008] Preferably, the driver has an internal electromagnetic coil for energizing and attracting the locking pin.

[0009] Preferably, the claw has teeth installed at its bottom, the claw has an arc-shaped structure, and the middle part of the claw is widened.

[0010] Preferably, a hydraulic cylinder is provided between the cylinder and the claw, one end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the cylinder, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is hinged to the top of the claw.

[0011] Preferably, a protective cover is fixed to the outside of the claw, and the protective cover is fitted over the outside of the hydraulic cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, an oil tank is also installed in the upper cavity, and several heat dissipation grooves are provided on the side wall of the upper cavity. A fan is installed on the top of the cylinder, and the air outlet of the fan is connected to the upper cavity.

[0013] Preferably, a cross-shaped lifting ring is symmetrically arranged at the top of the cylinder about its center position, and a balance beam is connected to the top of the cross-shaped lifting ring, with pins connected to both ends of the balance beam.

[0014] The advantages of this utility model compared to the prior art are: 1. This utility model achieves mechanical locking of the claws by setting a safety locking component, significantly improving the safety performance of grab bucket operations. When the grab bucket performs a grabbing action, the claws are hydraulically driven to gradually close to hold the heavy object. After the claws are fully closed, the control solenoid coil is de-energized. At this time, the spring, relying on its own restoring elasticity, pushes the locking pin axially, so that its front end accurately inserts into the limiting hole opened at the root of the claw, thereby locking the claw in the closed position. This locking mechanism is independent of the hydraulic system. Even if the hydraulic pipeline bursts, the hydraulic cylinder leaks, or the valve group fails, resulting in a complete loss of system pressure, the locking pin still maintains a reliable engagement with the limiting hole, preventing the claws from opening on their own under external force, and ensuring the safe suspension of the heavy object. Thus, it effectively solves the safety hazard of existing hydraulic grab buckets losing grabbing force due to sudden hydraulic system failure, leading to the accidental fall of heavy objects, and enhances the fault tolerance of the equipment under extreme working conditions and the safety of operators.

[0015] 2. This utility model has several heat dissipation grooves circumferentially opened on the side wall of the cylinder, and a fan is fixedly installed on the top of the cylinder. The forced suction of the fan continuously introduces low-temperature air from the outside into the upper cavity inside the cylinder, so that the air flowing through it exchanges heat with the outer wall of the oil tank, quickly carrying away the heat conducted by the hydraulic oil inside the oil tank and discharging it outward through the heat dissipation grooves. This prevents the viscosity of the oil from decreasing due to long-term high-temperature operation, the seals from aging rapidly, and the internal components from wearing out excessively. It fundamentally reduces common faults such as leakage and jamming caused by overheating in the hydraulic system, and greatly extends the service life of hydraulic components and the continuous operation time of the grab bucket. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a grab bucket of this utility model when it grabs an object.

[0017] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional grab bucket structure according to this utility model.

[0018] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the claws and teeth of a grab bucket according to this utility model.

[0019] Figure 4 This is a front view structural diagram of a grab bucket according to this utility model.

[0020] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the grab bucket at point AA of this utility model.

[0021] Figure 6 This utility model relates to a grab bucket. Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point B.

[0022] The following are the labels in the diagram: 1. Cylinder; 11. Claw; 111. Limiting hole; 12. Tooth; 13. Hydraulic cylinder; 14. Protective cover; 15. Cross-shaped lifting ring; 16. Balance beam; 17. Pin; 18. Fan; 19. Heat dissipation groove; 2. Safety locking assembly; 21. Sleeve; 22. Locking pin; 221. Support ring; 23. Spring; 24. Driver; 25. Electromagnetic coil; 3. Oil tank. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To further understand the features, technical means, and specific objectives and functions achieved by this utility model, the following detailed description of this utility model is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0024] Reference Figures 1 to 6As shown, this utility model provides a grab, including a cylindrical body 1. A plurality of claws 11 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction at the bottom of the cylindrical body 1. The top of the claws 11 is rotatably connected to the cylindrical body 1. A limiting hole 111 is opened on the upper part of the claws 11. The interior of the cylindrical body 1 is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. The lower cavity has a plurality of safety locking components 2, which correspond one-to-one with the claws 11. The safety locking components 2 include locking pins 22 that can be inserted into the limiting holes 111. The locking pins 22 are used to lock the claws 11 when they are closed.

[0025] When the grab bucket performs a grabbing operation, the claws 11 are driven by external power to rotate around their top hinge points towards the central axis of the cylinder 1. Multiple claws 11 close synchronously, holding the material within the cavity formed by the claws 11. When the claws 11 are fully closed to the grabbing position, the safety locking component 2 is triggered, pushing the locking pin 22 to extend and insert into the limiting hole 111 on the upper part of the claw 11. At this time, the locking pin 22 and the limiting hole 111 form a mechanical interference fit. Even if the hydraulic system experiences pressure loss, pipeline leakage, or component failure, the locking pin 22 still physically restrains the claws 11 to the closed position, preventing them from opening on their own under external force. Finally, the heavy object is locked between the claws 11. After the locking pin 22 is removed from the limiting hole 111, the claws 11 can regain their rotational freedom and open to unload the material. This structure operates independently of the hydraulic system through a purely mechanical locking mechanism, fundamentally ensuring the load-bearing safety of the grab bucket in the event of power failure.

[0026] The safety locking assembly 2 includes a sleeve 21 installed inside the lower cavity, and a locking pin 22 that can slide within the sleeve 21. A support ring 221 is provided on the locking pin 22 near its insertion end, and a spring 23 is fitted onto the locking pin 22. One end of the spring 23 contacts the support ring 221, and the other end of the spring 23 contacts the inner end face of the sleeve 21. The safety locking assembly 2 also includes an actuator 24 installed at the end of the sleeve 21 for driving the locking pin 22 to move out of the limiting hole 111. The actuator 24 has an electromagnetic coil 25 inside for energizing and attracting the locking pin 22.

[0027] During normal operation of the grab bucket, the electromagnetic coil 25 is energized to generate a suction force, which overcomes the elastic force of the spring 23 and pulls the locking pin 22 back to the retracted position. This causes the front end of the locking pin 22 to disengage from the insertion path of the limiting hole 111, ensuring that the claw 11 can rotate freely. When the claw 11 closes to the grab position and the limiting hole 111 is aligned with the locking pin 22, the constraint on the locking pin 22 is released. At this time, the spring 23, relying on its pre-compressed stored elastic potential energy, pushes the support ring 221 and the locking pin 22 fixedly connected to it to slide forward as a whole. The insertion end of the locking pin 22 automatically extends into the limiting hole 111, achieving mechanical locking.

[0028] The bottom of the claw 11 is equipped with teeth 12. The claw 11 has an arc-shaped structure and the middle part of the claw 11 is widened.

[0029] The claws 11 have an overall arc-shaped curved structure. This arc design allows the inner walls of each claw 11 to collectively form a near-spherical cavity when they rotate and close, effectively accommodating and holding the material. The claws 11 are widened in the middle, meaning their lateral width is greater in the middle region than at the ends. This widening in the middle increases the contact area between the claws 11 and the material, resulting in a more even distribution of gripping force across the material surface.

[0030] A hydraulic cylinder 13 is provided between the cylinder 1 and the claw 11. One end of the hydraulic cylinder 13 is hinged to the cylinder 1, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 13 is hinged to the top of the claw 11.

[0031] When the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder 13 retracts into the cylinder body, the total length of hydraulic cylinder 13 shortens. Since both ends of hydraulic cylinder 13 are hinged, the tension generated by its shortening acts on claw 11 through the hinge point at the top of claw 11, causing claw 11 to rotate outward around its hinge axis with cylinder 1, and the bottom of claw 11 opens, completing the preparatory action of unloading or preparing to grab. Conversely, when the piston rod of hydraulic cylinder 13 extends outward, the total length of hydraulic cylinder 13 increases, and its thrust pushes claw 11 through the hinge point at the top of claw 11, causing claw 11 to rotate inward around the hinge axis, and the bottom of claw 11 closes, grabbing and holding the material.

[0032] The claw 11 is also fixed with a protective cover 14, which is fitted over the hydraulic cylinder 13.

[0033] The protective cover 14 effectively blocks splashed materials, falling stones, and hard particles from directly impacting the outer wall of the cylinder body and the piston rod surface of the hydraulic cylinder 13, preventing mechanical damage such as scratches, bumps, and cylinder dents on the piston rod, and preventing accelerated wear of seals and hydraulic oil leakage due to surface damage.

[0034] An oil tank 3 is also installed in the upper cavity. Several heat dissipation slots 19 are provided on the side wall of the upper cavity. A fan 18 is installed on the top of the cylinder 1, and the air outlet of the fan 18 is connected to the upper cavity.

[0035] The blower 18 is a centrifugal blower or an axial flow blower, with its air inlet facing the ambient air outside the cylinder 1. When powered on, the blower 18 continuously draws in the low-temperature air from the outside and pressurizes it to send it into the upper cavity. After entering the upper cavity, the cold air flows at high speed along the outer wall surface of the oil tank 3. The heat of the oil tank 3 wall is carried away by forced convection heat exchange. The hot air after heat exchange is discharged outward through the heat dissipation grooves 19 on the side wall of the cylinder 1 under the pressure of the continuous air supply from the blower 18, thus avoiding overheating of the hydraulic oil and affecting the operation of the hydraulic system.

[0036] A cross-shaped lifting ring 15 is symmetrically arranged at the top of the cylinder 1 about its center position. A balance beam 16 is connected to the top of the cross-shaped lifting ring 15, and pins 17 are connected to both ends of the balance beam 16. The balance beam 16 is used to connect the cross-shaped lifting ring 15 to the external lifting equipment. Both ends of the balance beam 16 extend to the outside of the cylinder 1, providing connection points for the external lifting wire rope or chain.

[0037] The above embodiments only illustrate one or more implementations of this utility model, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these all fall within the protection scope of this utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of this utility model should be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A grab bucket, characterized in that: The device includes a cylindrical body (1), on which a number of claws (11) are evenly distributed along its circumferential direction at the bottom. The top of the claws (11) is rotatably connected to the cylindrical body (1). A limiting hole (111) is opened on the upper part of the claws (11). The interior of the cylindrical body (1) is divided into an upper cavity and a lower cavity. The lower cavity has multiple safety locking components (2). The multiple safety locking components (2) correspond one-to-one with the claws (11). The safety locking component (2) includes a locking pin (22) that can be inserted into the limiting hole (111). The locking pin (22) is used to lock the claws (11) when they are closed.

2. A grab bucket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The safety locking assembly (2) includes a sleeve (21) installed inside the lower cavity, and a locking pin (22) that can slide in the sleeve (21). A support ring (221) is provided on the locking pin (22) near its insertion end. A spring (23) is sleeved on the locking pin (22). One end of the spring (23) contacts the support ring (221), and the other end of the spring (23) contacts the inner end face of the sleeve (21).

3. A grab bucket according to claim 2, characterized in that: The safety locking assembly (2) also includes an actuator (24) mounted on the end of the sleeve (21) for driving the locking pin (22) to move out of the limiting hole (111).

4. A grab bucket according to claim 3, characterized in that: The driver (24) has an electromagnetic coil (25) inside for energizing and attracting the locking pin (22).

5. A grab bucket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The claw (11) has teeth (12) installed at its bottom. The claw (11) has an arc-shaped structure and the middle part of the claw (11) is widened.

6. A grab bucket according to claim 1, characterized in that: A hydraulic cylinder (13) is provided between the cylinder (1) and the claw (11). One end of the hydraulic cylinder (13) is hinged to the cylinder (1), and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (13) is hinged to the top of the claw (11).

7. A grab bucket according to claim 6, characterized in that: The claw (11) is also fixed with a protective cover (14), and the protective cover (14) is fitted over the outside of the hydraulic cylinder (13).

8. A grab bucket according to claim 1, characterized in that: An oil tank (3) is also installed in the upper cavity. Several heat dissipation grooves (19) are provided on the side wall of the upper cavity. A fan (18) is installed on the top of the cylinder (1), and the air outlet of the fan (18) is connected to the upper cavity.

9. A grab bucket according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the cylinder (1) is symmetrically provided with a cross-shaped lifting ring (15) about its center position. The top of the cross-shaped lifting ring (15) is connected to a balance beam (16), and the two ends of the balance beam (16) are connected to pins (17).

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