Connecting protection mechanism for shell-and-tube heat exchanger

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of connecting protection mechanism for shell-and-tube heat exchanger, including tube bundle, the end head position fixed mounting of tube bundle is equipped with limit disc, wherein end head passes through the tube sheet, and is set into the tube bundle hole of outer hanging sealing disc, the tube bundle is welded together with tube sheet, and form the weld area, the tube sheet and outer hanging sealing disc are equipped with the weld rubber ring between assembly, outer hanging sealing disc is fixedly installed together by bolt with tube sheet, outer hanging sealing disc is fixed with protective outer ring by welding;The utility model constructs double protection with limit disc, weld rubber ring and outer hanging sealing disc, prevents medium from infiltrating weld, adapts high-risk medium working condition;Protective outer ring insulates erosion, disperses stress, prolongs equipment life;Dismountable bolt connection is convenient for seal replacement, reduces maintenance cost;Arc weld and conical curved surface design, further strengthen sealing and structural stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model belongs to the field of connection protection technology of heat exchangers, and particularly relates to a connection protection mechanism for shell and tube heat exchangers. Background Technology

[0002] Shell-and-tube heat exchangers, as core heat transfer equipment in the industrial field, are widely used in industries such as chemical, petroleum, pharmaceutical, and food processing. In actual operation, the connection structure between the tube sheet and the tube bundle directly determines the sealing performance and reliability of the equipment. Currently, traditional tube sheet and tube bundle ends mainly adopt welding and clamping methods: although welding can provide high connection strength, long-term erosion and corrosion by liquid media can easily lead to problems such as micro-cracks and gap expansion at the weld; although clamping is convenient for disassembly, its sealing performance is limited, and it is prone to loosening and leakage under high temperature and high pressure conditions. At the same time, after the tube sheet is welded to the inner wall of the shell, due to the lack of an effective protective structure, the joint is exposed to the complex media environment for a long time, which not only accelerates metal corrosion but may also cause stress concentration, significantly increasing the risk of equipment failure.

[0003] Therefore, it is essential to invent a connection protection mechanism for shell-and-tube heat exchangers. Utility Model Content

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this utility model provides a connection protection mechanism for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, including a tube bundle, a limiting plate, a tube sheet, an external sealing plate, a tube bundle hole, a weld area, a weld rubber ring, bolts, and a protective outer ring. The limiting plate is fixedly installed at the end of the tube bundle, wherein the end passes through the tube sheet and enters the tube bundle hole of the external sealing plate. The tube bundle is welded to the tube sheet to form the weld area. The weld rubber ring is assembled between the tube sheet and the external sealing plate. The external sealing plate is fixedly installed to the tube sheet by bolts. The protective outer ring is welded and fixed on the external sealing plate.

[0005] Preferably, the limiting disc at the end of the tube bundle is in close contact with the inner surface of the tube sheet through a sealing gasket, and the outer ring of the tube sheet is welded to the shell of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

[0006] Preferably, the outer ring of the tube bundle end is welded to the edge of the tube bundle hole opening of the tube sheet to form an arc-shaped weld area, and the weld rubber ring sleeved on the outside of the tube bundle is in close contact with the surface of the weld area.

[0007] Preferably, the end of the tube bundle passes through the tube bundle hole of the external sealing disk, and its end face is flush with the outer surface of the external sealing disk. The surface of the tube bundle is in close contact with the inner wall of the tube bundle hole of the external sealing disk through a sealing gasket to form a sealed connection.

[0008] Preferably, the inner surface of the external sealing disc is provided with a groove for nesting the weld seam rubber ring, there is a distance between the external sealing disc and the tube sheet for installing the weld seam rubber ring, and mounting holes for bolt installation are provided at the outer ring positions of the external sealing disc and the tube sheet.

[0009] Preferably, the outer surface of the external sealing disc is welded with a protective outer ring, the outer surface of the protective outer ring is welded to the shell of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger, the inner side of the protective outer ring is provided with an annular groove that can wrap the bolt, and the inner surface of the protective outer ring is a conical curved surface.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0011] This invention achieves double protection for the connection by using a limiting disc that makes close contact with the inner side of the tube sheet, combined with a weld seam sealing ring that fills the weld area between the tube bundle and the tube sheet, and then using an external sealing disc secured with bolts to form a secondary seal. Compared to traditional single connection methods, this structure can effectively prevent liquid media from seeping into the weld, reducing the risk of leakage, and is especially suitable for applications involving the transport of corrosive and highly toxic media.

[0012] The protective outer ring welded to the external sealing disc of this utility model is connected to the shell, which not only provides a protective space for the bolts, but also isolates the external medium from the erosion of the weld joint between the tube sheet and the shell, reduces corrosion and stress concentration, and significantly extends the service life of the heat exchanger.

[0013] This utility model uses a detachable bolt connection for the external sealing disc. When the sealing components age or are damaged, there is no need to disassemble the entire tube bundle or shell. Only the weld rubber ring or sealing gasket needs to be replaced, which greatly shortens the maintenance time, reduces maintenance costs, and improves the operating efficiency of the equipment.

[0014] The arc-shaped weld seam area design of this utility model fits tightly with the weld seam rubber ring, increasing the contact area and improving the sealing effect; the conical curved surface design of the protective outer ring can effectively disperse external stress, enhance the stability of the connection structure, and ensure reliable operation of the equipment under complex working conditions. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is an exploded structural diagram of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model.

[0017] Figure 3 This is a utility model Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure.

[0018] Figure 4 This is a utility model Figure 3A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point A.

[0019] In the picture:

[0020] 1. Tube bundle, 2. Limiting plate, 3. Tube sheet, 4. External sealing plate, 5. Tube bundle hole, 6. Weld area, 7. Weld rubber ring, 8. Bolt, 9. Protective outer ring. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the embodiments, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "front end," "rear end," "both ends," "one end," and "the other end," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installed," "equipped with," "connected," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, "connection" can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; it can be a connection within two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in the present utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0023] As attached Figure 1 To be continued Figure 4 As shown:

[0024] This utility model provides a connection and protection mechanism for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, comprising a tube bundle 1, a limiting plate 2, a tube sheet 3, an external sealing plate 4, a tube bundle hole 5, a weld area 6, a weld rubber ring 7, bolts 8, and a protective outer ring 9. The limiting plate 2 is fixedly installed at the end of the tube bundle 1, wherein the end passes through the tube sheet 3 and enters the tube bundle hole 5 of the external sealing plate 4. The tube bundle 1 and the tube sheet 3 are welded together to form the weld area 6. The weld rubber ring 7 is assembled between the tube sheet 3 and the external sealing plate 4. The external sealing plate 4 is fixedly installed to the tube sheet 3 by bolts 8. The protective outer ring 9 is welded and fixed on the external sealing plate 4.

[0025] Furthermore, a limiting plate 2 is fixedly installed on the outer side of the tube bundle 1 by welding. The outer diameter of the limiting plate 2 is larger than the diameter of the tube bundle hole 5 of the tube sheet 3. An annular groove is formed on the surface of the limiting plate 2 near the tube sheet 3, with a fluororubber sealing gasket embedded inside. When the tube bundle 1 passes through the tube bundle hole 5 of the tube sheet 3, the limiting plate 2 fits tightly against the inner surface of the tube sheet 3 through the sealing gasket. The outer ring of the tube sheet 3 is connected to the shell of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger by full penetration welding to ensure connection strength.

[0026] Furthermore, the outer ring of the tube bundle 1 end and the edge of the tube bundle hole 5 opening of the tube sheet 3 are connected by TIG welding to form an arc-shaped weld area 6. The weld height is 1.2 times the wall thickness of the tube bundle 1, and the radius of curvature R is 1 / 8 of the outer diameter of the tube bundle 1. A EPDM rubber weld ring 7 is fitted over the weld area 6. The ring has a rectangular cross-section, a width 2mm wider than the maximum width of the weld area 6, and a thickness of 5mm. The inner surface of the weld ring 7 has an arc-shaped protrusion that matches the weld area 6, ensuring complete contact with the weld surface and achieving a sealed protection for the weld.

[0027] Furthermore, the end of the tube bundle 1 passes through the tube bundle hole 5 of the external sealing disc 4, and its end face is flush with the outer surface of the external sealing disc 4. A stepped sealing groove is provided between the outer surface of the tube bundle 1 and the inner wall of the tube bundle hole 5 of the external sealing disc 4. A graphite wound gasket is installed in the groove. By tightening the bolts 8, the external sealing disc 4 is tightly fitted to the tube sheet 3, and the sealing gasket is compressed to 70% of its original thickness.

[0028] Furthermore, the inner surface of the external sealing disc 4 has an annular groove with a width 1mm larger than that of the weld seam rubber ring 7 and a depth of half the thickness of the rubber ring, for nesting the weld seam rubber ring 7. A pre-existing gap is reserved between the external sealing disc 4 and the tube sheet 3 to ensure that the weld seam rubber ring 7 is in a pre-compressed state after installation. Eight M12 mounting holes are evenly distributed on the outer ring of both the external sealing disc 4 and the tube sheet 3. The bolts 8 are made of 316L stainless steel to ensure reliable sealing.

[0029] Furthermore, an annular protective outer ring 9 is welded to the outer surface of the external sealing disc 4. The protective outer ring 9 is made of low-alloy steel of the same material as the shell, and its outer ring surface is connected to the shell by a fillet weld with a weld leg size of 6mm. An annular groove with a width 5mm larger than the bolt head diameter is formed on the inner side of the protective outer ring 9, which can completely enclose the bolt 8 and prevent corrosion of the bolt by the medium. The inner surface of the protective outer ring 9 is designed as a 15° conical curved surface, with the height of the conical surface being 2 / 3 of the height of the protective outer ring 9. This design can effectively disperse stress concentration at the connection between the shell and the external sealing disc 4, improving structural stability.

[0030] The working principle is as follows: First, the tube bundle 1 is initially positioned with the tube sheet 3 by the limiting plate 2 at the end. The outer diameter of the limiting plate 2 is larger than the tube bundle hole 5 of the tube sheet 3, and the fluororubber sealing gasket embedded on it is tightly fitted with the inner side of the tube sheet 3 to prevent the medium from leaking from the gap between the tube bundle 1 and the tube sheet 3. At the same time, the tube sheet 3 is fully penetrated welded to the shell to ensure the overall structural strength.

[0031] Secondly, the tube bundle 1 and the tube sheet 3 are welded together by TIG welding to form an arc-shaped weld area 6, and a weld gasket 7 is placed outside the weld area 6. The arc-shaped protrusion on the inner side of the gasket fits tightly with the weld, blocking the medium from contacting the weld and preventing corrosion.

[0032] Then, the external sealing disc 4 is fixed to the tube sheet 3 by bolts 8, and the inner annular groove of the disc is nested with the welded rubber ring 7 to ensure that the rubber ring is in a pre-compressed state and enhance the sealing effect. The end of the tube bundle 1 passes through the tube bundle hole 5 of the external sealing disc 4 and is flush with the outer surface of the disc. The graphite wound gasket in the stepped sealing groove on the outer surface is compressed after the bolts 8 are tightened.

[0033] Finally, the protective outer ring 9 is welded to the outer surface of the external sealing disc 4, and it is connected to the shell fillet weld. The inner annular groove wraps around the bolt 8 to prevent the bolt from being corroded by the medium. The 15° conical curved surface of the inner ring disperses stress, improves the stability and durability of the connection part, and ensures that the entire connection protection mechanism can operate reliably under complex working conditions.

[0034] Any technical solution that achieves the above-mentioned technical effects by utilizing the technical solution described in this utility model, or by designing a similar technical solution inspired by the technical solution described in this utility model, falls within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A connection protection mechanism for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, characterized in that, The assembly includes a tube bundle (1), a limiting disc (2), a tube sheet (3), an external sealing disc (4), a tube bundle hole (5), a weld area (6), a weld rubber ring (7), bolts (8), and a protective outer ring (9). The limiting disc (2) is fixedly installed at the end of the tube bundle (1), with the end passing through the tube sheet (3) and into the tube bundle hole (5) provided by the external sealing disc (4). The tube bundle (1) is welded together with the tube sheet (3) to form the weld area (6). The weld rubber ring (7) is assembled between the tube sheet (3) and the external sealing disc (4). The external sealing disc (4) is fixedly installed together with the tube sheet (3) by bolts (8). The protective outer ring (9) is welded and fixed on the external sealing disc (4).

2. The connection protection mechanism for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting plate (2) at the end of the tube bundle (1) is in close contact with the inner surface of the tube sheet (3) through a sealing gasket, and the outer ring of the tube sheet (3) is welded to the shell of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger.

3. The connection protection mechanism for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The outer ring of the tube bundle (1) end is welded to the edge of the tube bundle hole (5) opening of the tube sheet (3) to form an arc-shaped weld area (6). The weld rubber ring (7) sleeved on the outside of the tube bundle (1) is in close contact with the surface of the weld area (6).

4. The connection protection mechanism for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The end of the tube bundle (1) passes through the tube bundle hole (5) of the external sealing disk (4), and its end face is flush with the outer surface of the external sealing disk (4). The surface of the tube bundle (1) is in close contact with the inner wall of the tube bundle hole (5) of the external sealing disk (4) through the sealing gasket to form a sealed connection.

5. The connection protection mechanism for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The inner surface of the external sealing disc (4) is provided with a groove for nesting the weld rubber ring (7). There is a gap between the external sealing disc (4) and the tube sheet (3) for installing the weld rubber ring (7). The outer ring of the external sealing disc (4) and the tube sheet (3) is provided with mounting holes that allow the bolt (8) to be installed.

6. The connection protection mechanism for a shell-and-tube heat exchanger as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The outer surface of the external sealing disc (4) is welded with a protective outer ring (9). The outer surface of the protective outer ring (9) is welded to the shell of the shell-and-tube heat exchanger. The inner side of the protective outer ring (9) is provided with an annular groove that can wrap the bolt (8). The inner surface of the protective outer ring (9) is a conical curved surface.

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