Detection device for detecting oil leakage of garbage truck

Abstract

The utility model relates to safe detection technical field discloses a detection device for garbage transport truck oil leakage detection, apply to compression type garbage transport truck hydraulic system, include: detection main part module, double flow sensing module, pressure compensation module, multifunctional control module and protective housing, the detection main part module includes high pressure oil pump, three -position four -way electromagnetic reversing valve and two groups of symmetrical detection pipeline of setting, double flow sensing module includes first turbine flow sensor and second turbine flow sensor, pressure compensation module includes pressure regulating valve and overflow valve, series connection between high pressure oil pump and electromagnetic reversing valve, the adjustment range of pressure regulating valve is 0.5 20MPa, the rated pressure of overflow valve is 22MPa, the utility model can judge whether oil leakage in time accurately.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of safety detection technology, specifically to a detection device for detecting oil leaks in garbage trucks. Background Technology

[0002] As the core equipment for urban waste collection and transportation, the hydraulic system of the compressed garbage truck is responsible for key operations such as garbage compression, container lifting, and rear door opening and closing. It mainly consists of a hydraulic oil tank, hydraulic pump, solenoid directional valve, multiple hydraulic cylinders, and long-distance connecting pipelines. It needs to operate under high-frequency conditions (10-12 hours per day), bumpy road conditions, and complex environments with dust and sewage. Because the hydraulic pipelines are subjected to high pressure of 16-20MPa, vibration, and corrosive media for extended periods, they are prone to aging and cracking, and joint seal failure, leading to hydraulic oil leaks. Statistics show that a single garbage truck leaks an average of 3-5 times per year, with a maximum single leak volume of 30L. This not only wastes hydraulic oil resources but also pollutes roads, soil, and water bodies. If the leaked oil comes into contact with the vehicle's high-temperature exhaust components, it may even pose a fire risk. Furthermore, leaks cause a sudden drop in hydraulic system pressure, resulting in operational interruptions and affecting waste collection efficiency.

[0003] Currently, the detection methods for oil leaks in compressed garbage trucks mainly rely on the static pressure detection built into the existing garbage trucks and manual assistance. Existing detection devices only make basic judgments by "observing the movement of the piston rod + surface oil stains + static pressure detection". This requires frequent manual starting and stopping of the oil cylinder, laying oil-absorbing paper and reading pressure gauge data. This is not only cumbersome (each test takes 15-20 minutes), but also cannot monitor leaks in dynamic operations in real time (such as sudden pipe bursts during vehicle movement or compression operations). Manual inspection requires operators to regularly (usually once a day) walk around the vehicle to check the surface of the pipelines. It is difficult to detect small leaks (such as leaks from a 0.5mm diameter joint, with an average daily leakage of only 2L, which can only be detected by changes in the oil tank level after 3-5 days). Moreover, the difficulty of inspection increases significantly when garbage trucks are operating at night or in bad weather (rainy days, foggy days), which can easily lead to missed detections and misjudgments, resulting in the expansion of leaks.

[0004] With increasingly stringent environmental requirements and the need to control operating costs, existing detection devices that rely on static detection and manual labor can no longer meet the real-time, accurate, and low-intervention-requirement detection needs of garbage trucks. The industry urgently needs an oil leak detection device designed specifically for the operational characteristics of garbage trucks. This device should improve detection accuracy and real-time performance while integrating additional functions to reduce manual intervention, increase fault handling efficiency, and address the pain points of existing devices, such as lack of dynamic detection, limited functionality, and poor environmental adaptability. This will ensure the continuity of garbage truck operations and environmental compliance. Utility Model Content

[0005] The present invention aims to provide a detection device for detecting oil leaks in garbage trucks, in order to solve the problem that existing detection devices cannot detect oil leaks in complex oil circuits in a timely manner.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: Basic solution: A detection device for detecting oil leaks in garbage trucks, applied to the hydraulic system of compressed garbage trucks, including: a detection main module, a dual flow sensing module, a pressure compensation module, a multi-functional control module, and a protective shell; The main detection module includes a high-pressure oil pump, a three-position four-way solenoid valve, and two sets of symmetrically arranged detection pipelines. The dual flow sensing module includes a first turbine flow sensor and a second turbine flow sensor; the first turbine flow sensor is installed on the main outlet pipeline of the hydraulic oil tank, model DN25, with a measurement range of 0-100L / min, accuracy of ±0.5%FS, and response time ≤100ms; the second turbine flow sensor is installed on the main return pipeline of the hydraulic oil tank, and its parameters are the same as those of the first turbine flow sensor. The pressure compensation module includes a pressure regulating valve and a relief valve, connected in series between the high-pressure oil pump and the solenoid directional valve; the regulating valve has an adjustment range of 0.5-20MPa; the relief valve has a rated pressure of 22MPa. The multi-functional control module includes a main control board, an audible and visual alarm, an SD card data storage module, and a 4G communication module; the main control board includes the core chip STM32F103C8T6; the audible and visual alarm includes a red flashing light and an 85dB buzzer. The protective shell is made of 304 stainless steel with a thickness of 3mm and a protection rating of IP67. It is equipped with shock-absorbing cotton inside. The shock-absorbing cotton is 5mm thick and made of nitrile rubber. The main control board is electrically connected to the dual flow sensing module, pressure compensation module, audible and visual alarm, SD card storage module and 4G communication module. The electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to one end of the detection pipeline, and the other end of the detection pipeline is used to connect to the hydraulic cylinder inlet of the garbage truck's hydraulic system.

[0007] Beneficial effects: The complete structure and core component parameters of the detection device are clearly defined. Dynamic flow difference detection is achieved through dual flow sensing modules, and the system pressure is stabilized by pressure compensation module, avoiding the limitations of existing devices that rely solely on static pressure detection. The protective shell is adapted to the complex environment of garbage trucks, and the multi-functional control module integrates alarm, storage and communication functions, balancing detection accuracy and additional functional support. The overall structure meets the requirements for real-time and accurate detection.

[0008] Preferably, the detection pipeline includes an internal threaded connector, a high-pressure resistant oil pipe, and an oil leakage sampling box; one end of the internal threaded connector is welded to the interface of the electromagnetic reversing valve, and the other end is threaded to the high-pressure resistant oil pipe, with polytetrafluoroethylene sealing tape wrapped around the connection part; the oil leakage sampling box is detachably connected to the lower middle part of the high-pressure resistant oil pipe, a quantitative oil absorption paper is placed inside the box, and a transparent observation window is provided on the side of the box.

[0009] Beneficial effects: It refines the structural parameters and sealing design of the detection pipeline. The PTFE sealing tape can avoid additional leakage at the joints (existing devices often lead to misjudgment due to poor joint sealing). The oil leakage sampling box can directly observe small leaks through quantitative oil absorption paper and transparent window (such as a 0.5mm diameter leak, which can form obvious oil stains on the oil absorption paper after 10 minutes). It supplements the blind spot of the dual flow sensor module for detecting small leaks and improves the comprehensiveness of detection.

[0010] Preferably, the working logic of the multi-functional control module is as follows: the main control board collects the oil flow rate Q1 from the first flow sensor and the oil return flow rate Q2 from the second flow sensor in real time, and calculates the flow difference ΔQ=|Q1-Q2|; when the hydraulic system of the garbage truck is under load, if ΔQ>10L / min and the duration is ≥2s, or when it is under no-load, if ΔQ>5L / min and the duration is ≥3s, the main control board immediately controls the audible and visual alarm to start, and at the same time records the leakage time, Q1, Q2 and ΔQ data through the SD card storage module, and sends the leakage information to the remote monitoring platform through the 4G communication module.

[0011] Beneficial effects: By quantitatively setting the flow difference threshold and duration, leakage under different operating conditions can be distinguished, avoiding false alarms caused by instantaneous flow fluctuations (false alarm rate ≤3%); at the same time, the linkage logic of alarm, storage and remote communication is clearly defined, which, compared with the existing devices that require manual judgment, realizes automatic response and data traceability after leakage, reducing manual intervention.

[0012] Preferably, the protective shell has the following structure: a rainproof eave extending 50mm in length and tilted at 15° is provided on the top of the shell; 20 heat dissipation holes with a diameter of 3mm and a spacing of 10mm are opened on the side; all heat dissipation holes are covered with a dustproof net with a mesh size of 100 or higher; shock-absorbing feet are provided at the bottom of the shell; the shock-absorbing feet are connected to the garbage truck frame by bolts, and spring washers are provided at the bolt connection.

[0013] Beneficial effects: The optimized protective structure is designed for the outdoor operating environment of garbage trucks (rain, dust, vibration). The rainproof eaves prevent rainwater from seeping in, the dustproof net prevents dust from clogging the heat dissipation holes, and the shock-absorbing feet and spring washers can buffer the vibration during vehicle operation (vibration attenuation rate ≥60%). It ensures the working stability of internal components (such as flow sensors and main control boards). Compared with existing devices (most of which have a protection level of IP54), the environmental adaptability is significantly improved.

[0014] Preferably, the system further includes a temperature compensation module, which comprises a PT100 temperature sensor with a measurement range of -20℃ to 100℃ and an accuracy of ±0.2℃, and a heating element with a power of 50W and an operating voltage of 24V. Both the PT100 temperature sensor and the heating element are electrically connected to the main control board. When the PT100 temperature sensor detects that the hydraulic oil temperature is <5℃, the main control board controls the heating element to start, maintaining the hydraulic oil temperature at 5-10℃. When the temperature is >60℃, the main control board controls the cooling fan installed inside the protective housing to start.

[0015] Beneficial effects: The temperature compensation module solves the flow detection error caused by the increased viscosity of hydraulic oil at low temperatures (<5℃) (the error can be reduced from ±5% to ±0.8%), and the cooling fan protects the electronic components at high temperatures (>60℃), avoiding the decrease in detection accuracy of the existing device due to temperature fluctuations, and improving the stability of all-weather operation.

[0016] Preferably, the installation structure of the dual flow sensing module is as follows: the first turbine flow sensor is fixed to the main oil outlet pipe by a flange, the flange specification is DN25, the number of bolts is 4, and the torque is 8N•m; the depth of the sensor probe inserted into the pipe is 1 / 3 of the pipe's inner diameter, and the coaxiality error between the probe axis and the pipe axis is ≤0.1mm; the second turbine flow sensor has the same installation structure as the main return oil pipe.

[0017] Beneficial effects: Quantifying the installation parameters of the flow sensor, flange fixing and coaxiality control can avoid sensor displacement caused by vibration (displacement ≤0.05mm), and probe insertion depth ensures that the collected flow data truly reflects the oil flow state in the pipeline (measurement error ≤0.5%). Compared with the existing device's "arbitrary installation" method, it greatly improves detection accuracy.

[0018] Preferably, the outer surface of the high-pressure resistant oil pipe of the detection pipeline is wrapped with a conductive silicone layer, the conductive silicone layer having a thickness of 2mm and a volume resistivity of ≤10Ω•cm, and both ends of the conductive silicone layer being connected to the grounding terminal of the garbage truck frame.

[0019] Beneficial effects: The conductive silicone layer can eliminate static electricity generated by the flow of hydraulic oil and guide the static electricity on the outer surface of the high-pressure oil pipe to the grounding terminal of the garbage truck frame.

[0020] Preferably, the protective housing is equipped with an electrostatic eliminator with an antistatic time of ≤1s, and the electrostatic eliminator is electrically connected to the main control board.

[0021] Beneficial effects: Adding an electrostatic eliminator to the conductive silicone layer can further eliminate static electricity generated by the flow of hydraulic oil (the static voltage is reduced from 500V to below 50V), preventing static electricity from igniting leaked hydraulic oil (garbage trucks operate in dusty environments, posing a high risk of static electricity). Compared to existing devices without electrostatic protection, this improves safety in use.

[0022] Preferably, a pressure sensor is connected in series between the pressure regulating valve and the overflow valve of the pressure compensation module, and the pressure sensor is electrically connected to the main control board; when the pressure sensor detects that the system pressure is >22MPa, the main control board controls the overflow valve to open and relieve pressure, and at the same time the audible and visual alarm emits a yellow flashing alarm.

[0023] Beneficial effects: Real-time monitoring of system pressure via pressure sensor, combined with relief valve to achieve overpressure protection, preventing high pressure from damaging the detection device or hydraulic system (such as pipe bursts); yellow alarm distinguishes between "overpressure" and "leakage", making it easier for operators to quickly identify the type of fault. Compared with existing devices that can only detect leaks, this adds a dimension of system protection.

[0024] Preferably, the protective shell is provided with a magnetic mounting base, which can be quickly attached and fixed to the metal parts of the garbage truck frame; a 360° rotating joint is provided between the mounting base and the protective shell, which can adjust the installation angle of the detection device within the adjustment range of 0-90°.

[0025] Beneficial effects: The magnetic mounting base and rotary joint enable quick disassembly and assembly of the detection device and angle adjustment, adapting to the frame structure of different models of garbage trucks. Compared with the existing device's "bolt-fixed + non-adjustable" method, it improves installation flexibility and versatility, and reduces the difficulty of modification.

[0026] The advantages of this solution are: 1. High and comprehensive detection accuracy: Through dual flow sensors (accuracy ±0.5%FS) + pressure compensation + temperature compensation, dual detection of dynamic flow difference and static pressure is achieved. It can accurately identify micro leaks with a 0.5mm orifice diameter (leakage ≥0.5L / h) and pipe bursts with a 5mm orifice diameter (leakage ≥20L / min), with a detection accuracy of 99%, which is more than 30% higher than existing devices.

[0027] 2. Strong environmental adaptability: The protective shell is IP67 rated, made of 304 stainless steel, with shock-absorbing cotton and static eliminator. It can work stably in environments with temperatures ranging from -20℃ to 60℃, dust, rain, and vibration (continuous working failure rate ≤1% / month), meeting the complex outdoor operation needs of garbage trucks.

[0028] 3. Abundant and practical additional functions: Integrated sound and light alarm (response time ≤0.5s), SD card data storage (72h real-time data), 4G remote monitoring (data transmission delay ≤3s) and touch screen interaction, reducing the frequency of manual inspections (from once a day to once a week) and improving fault handling efficiency by 60%.

[0029] 4. Easy installation and maintenance: Magnetic mounting base + 360° rotating joint, single installation time ≤ 2 minutes; detachable oil leak sampling box + USB data export, maintenance operations do not require professional tools, reducing operating costs.

[0030] 5. High system safety: Overpressure protection (overflow valve + pressure sensor) + electrostatic protection (conductive silicone + electrostatic eliminator) prevents fires caused by leaks or high voltage damage to equipment, and the safety protection level is significantly higher than that of existing devices. Attached Figure Description

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a compressed garbage truck according to Embodiment 1 of this utility model.

[0032] Figure 2 This is a logic block diagram of Embodiment 1 of the present utility model.

[0033] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of a compressed garbage truck according to Embodiment 2 of this utility model.

[0034] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of part B in the image.

[0035] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: 1. Compactor garbage truck; 2. First turbine flow sensor; 3. Second turbine flow sensor; 4. High-pressure oil pump; 5. Pressure regulating valve; 6. Overflow valve; 7. Rainproof eaves; 8. Heat dissipation holes; 9. Shock-absorbing support; 10. Magnetic mounting base; 11. Rotary joint. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method: Example 1 like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, a detection device for detecting oil leaks in garbage trucks is applied to the hydraulic system of a compressed garbage truck 1. It includes: a detection main module, a dual flow sensing module, a pressure compensation module, a multi-functional control module, and a protective shell.

[0037] The main detection module includes a high-pressure oil pump 4 (model CB-FC10, rated pressure 20MPa), a three-position four-way solenoid directional valve (model 4WE6E61B / CG24N9Z5L) and two sets of symmetrically arranged detection pipelines. The dual flow sensing module includes a first turbine flow sensor 2 (installed on the main outlet pipeline of the hydraulic oil tank, model DN25, measurement range 0-100L / min, accuracy ±0.5%FS, response time ≤100ms) and a second turbine flow sensor 3 (installed on the main return pipeline of the hydraulic oil tank, with parameters consistent with the first turbine flow sensor 2). The pressure compensation module includes a pressure regulating valve 5 (regulating range 0.5-20MPa) and a relief valve 6 (rated pressure 22MPa), which are connected in series between the high-pressure oil pump 4 and the solenoid directional valve. The multi-functional control module includes a main control board (core chip STM32F103C8T6), an audible and visual alarm (red flashing light + 85dB buzzer), an SD card data storage module (storage capacity 16GB, data storage interval 1s), and a 4G communication module (supporting TCP / IP protocol). The protective shell is made of 304 stainless steel with a thickness of 3mm and a protection rating of IP67. It is equipped with shock-absorbing cotton (5mm thick, made of nitrile rubber). The main control board is electrically connected to the dual flow sensing module, pressure compensation module, audible and visual alarm, SD card storage module and 4G communication module. The electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to one end of the detection pipeline, and the other end of the detection pipeline is used to connect to the hydraulic cylinder inlet of the garbage truck's hydraulic system.

[0038] The installation structure of the dual flow sensing module is as follows: the first turbine flow sensor 2 is connected to the main oil outlet pipe via a flange (flange specification DN25, 4 bolts, torque 8 N•m). The sensor probe extends into the pipe to a depth of 1 / 3 of the pipe's inner diameter, and the coaxiality error between the probe axis and the pipe axis is ≤0.1mm. The second turbine flow sensor 3 has the same installation structure as the return oil main pipe. Quantifying the installation parameters of the flow sensors, the flange fixing and coaxiality control can avoid sensor displacement due to vibration (displacement ≤0.05mm), and the probe insertion depth ensures that the collected flow data accurately reflects the oil flow state within the pipe (measurement error ≤0.5%). Compared to the existing "arbitrary installation" method, this significantly improves detection accuracy.

[0039] The detection pipeline includes an internally threaded connector (DN25, brass), a high-pressure resistant oil pipe (25mm inner diameter, 5mm wall thickness, steel wire braided rubber tubing), and an oil leakage sampling box. One end of the internally threaded connector is welded to the interface of the solenoid reversing valve, and the other end is threaded to the high-pressure resistant oil pipe. The connection is wrapped with PTFE sealing tape (0.1mm thickness). The oil leakage sampling box is detachably connected to the lower middle part of the high-pressure resistant oil pipe. A quantitative oil-absorbing paper (50mm×50mm, oil absorption ≥5mL) is placed inside the box, and a transparent observation window (acrylic, 2mm thickness) is provided on the side of the box. The refined structural parameters and sealing design of the detection pipeline, along with the PTFE sealing tape, prevent additional leakage at the joint (existing devices often lead to misjudgments due to poor joint sealing). The oil leakage sampling box, through the quantitative oil-absorbing paper and the transparent window, allows for direct observation of minute leaks (e.g., a 0.5mm orifice leak will form a noticeable oil stain on the oil-absorbing paper after 10 minutes), supplementing the blind spot of the dual flow sensor module for minute leaks and improving the comprehensiveness of the detection.

[0040] The preset working logic of the multi-functional control module is as follows: the main control board collects the oil flow rate Q1 from the first flow sensor and the oil return flow rate Q2 from the second flow sensor in real time, and calculates the flow difference ΔQ = |Q1 - Q2|; when the hydraulic system of the garbage truck is under load (such as compression or lifting), if ΔQ > 10L / min and the duration is ≥ 2s, or when it is under no-load (such as driving), if ΔQ > 5L / min and the duration is ≥ 3s, the main control board immediately controls the audible and visual alarm to start. At the same time, it records the leakage time, Q1, Q2, and ΔQ data through the SD card storage module, and sends the leakage information (including vehicle number, leakage type, and real-time location) to the remote monitoring platform through the 4G communication module. By quantitatively setting the flow difference threshold and duration, leakage under different operating conditions is distinguished, avoiding false alarms caused by instantaneous flow fluctuations (false alarm rate ≤ 3%). At the same time, the linkage logic of alarm, storage, and remote communication is clearly defined. Compared with existing devices (such as CN207935207U) that require manual judgment, this achieves automatic response and data traceability after leakage, reducing manual intervention.

[0041] like Figure 1As shown, the protective shell of this utility model has the following structure: a rainproof eave 7 (50mm extended length, 15° tilt angle) is provided on the top of the shell, and heat dissipation holes 8 (3mm diameter, 10mm spacing, 20 holes) are opened on the side and covered with a dustproof net (100 mesh). Shock-absorbing feet 9 (made of silicone, 20mm high, 50 Shore A hardness) are provided at the bottom. The shock-absorbing feet 9 are bolted to the garbage truck frame, and spring washers (M8 specification) are provided at the bolt connections. This design optimizes the protective structure for the outdoor operating environment of garbage trucks (rain, dust, vibration). The rainproof eave 7 prevents rainwater from seeping in, the dustproof net prevents dust from clogging the heat dissipation holes 8, and the shock-absorbing feet 9 and spring washers can buffer vibrations during vehicle operation (vibration attenuation rate ≥60%), ensuring the working stability of internal components (such as flow sensors and main control boards). Compared with existing devices (mostly IP54 protection level), environmental adaptability is significantly improved.

[0042] Furthermore, the detection device of this utility model also includes a temperature compensation module. This module comprises a PT100 temperature sensor (measuring range -20℃ to 100℃, accuracy ±0.2℃) and a heating element (50W power, 24V operating voltage), both electrically connected to the main control board. When the PT100 temperature sensor detects a hydraulic oil temperature <5℃, the main control board activates the heating element to maintain the hydraulic oil temperature at 5-10℃. When the temperature >60℃, the main control board activates the cooling fan (installed inside the protective housing, speed 2000r / min). The temperature compensation module addresses the flow detection error caused by increased hydraulic oil viscosity at low temperatures (<5℃) (the error can be reduced from ±5% to ±0.8%), and protects the electronic components at high temperatures (>60℃) through the cooling fan, preventing the decrease in detection accuracy caused by temperature fluctuations in existing devices and improving all-weather operational stability.

[0043] The multi-functional control module also includes a 4.3-inch touchscreen display (800×480 resolution), electrically connected to the main control board. This display shows real-time values ​​for Q1, Q2, ΔQ, hydraulic oil temperature, and leakage status (normal / low-speed leakage / fast leakage). It also allows operators to manually query historical leakage data (data from the last 72 hours) and export it (via USB). The touchscreen display enables visualization and interactive processing of the detection data, allowing operators to view real-time and historical data without disassembling the device. Compared to existing devices (which require external equipment to read data), this significantly improves operational convenience. The USB export function facilitates subsequent fault analysis and data archiving, meeting operational management needs.

[0044] The outer surface of the high-pressure resistant oil pipe in the detection pipeline is wrapped with a conductive silicone layer (2mm thick, volume resistivity ≤10Ω•cm). Both ends of the conductive silicone layer are connected to the grounding terminal of the garbage truck frame. An electrostatic eliminator (model SL-001, electrostatic elimination time ≤1s) is installed inside the protective shell and is electrically connected to the main control board. The conductive silicone layer and the electrostatic eliminator can eliminate static electricity generated by the hydraulic oil flow (static voltage drops from 500V to below 50V), preventing static electricity from igniting leaked hydraulic oil (the garbage truck operating environment is dusty, posing a high risk of static electricity). Compared to existing devices without electrostatic protection, this design improves operational safety.

[0045] A pressure sensor (model PT124G-111, measurement range 0-30MPa, accuracy ±0.1%FS) is connected in series between the pressure regulating valve 5 and the relief valve 6 of the pressure compensation module. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the main control board. When the pressure sensor detects a system pressure > 22MPa, the main control board controls the relief valve 6 to open and relieve pressure, while the audible and visual alarm emits a yellow flashing alarm (frequency 0.5Hz). By monitoring the system pressure in real time through the pressure sensor, combined with the relief valve 6, overpressure protection is achieved to prevent high pressure from damaging the detection device or hydraulic system (such as pipe bursts). The yellow alarm distinguishes between "overpressure" and "leakage," making it easy for operators to quickly identify the type of fault. Compared with existing devices that can only detect leaks, this adds a dimension of system protection.

[0046] This embodiment clearly defines the complete structure and core component parameters of the detection device. It achieves dynamic flow difference detection through a dual flow sensing module and stabilizes the system pressure by combining a pressure compensation module, thus avoiding the limitations of existing devices (such as CN207935207U) that rely solely on static pressure detection. The protective shell is adapted to the complex environment of garbage trucks, and the multi-functional control module integrates alarm, storage, and communication functions, balancing detection accuracy with additional functional support. The overall structure meets the requirements for real-time and accurate detection.

[0047] This utility model of a detection device for detecting oil leaks in garbage trucks originates from a research project on an oil circuit detection and blocking method. Its core positioning is a high-precision detection-value-added service device that combines "dedicated detection + functional expansion". It is deeply adapted to the complex operating environment of garbage trucks, which involves "dust, sewage, and high-frequency vibration". With "high-precision detection + functional expansion" as its core objective, it prioritizes solving the efficiency pain points of "low detection accuracy and single function" while meeting the needs of environmental compliance and operation management. Its core detection principle adopts a multi-parameter collaborative judgment of "dual flow difference + pressure compensation + temperature compensation": DN25 flange-type turbine flow sensors (measurement range 0-100L / min, accuracy ±0.5%FS, response time ≤100ms) are installed at the oil outlet and return port of the hydraulic oil tank. The flange specification is DN25 (4 bolts, torque 8N•m) to ensure that the coaxiality error between the probe and the pipeline is ≤0.1mm. A 150-mesh stainless steel filter screen (diameter 25mm, thickness 2mm) is installed at the inlet end of the sensor at the return port, and a CV-25 type check valve (opening pressure 0.1MPa, connection length ≤100mm) is connected in series at the outlet end. The sensor shell is wrapped with a 3mm thick silicone heat insulation sleeve (temperature resistant). The system operates within a temperature range of -20℃ to 100℃. A pressure regulating valve 5 (adjustment range 0.5-20MPa) and a relief valve 6 (rated pressure 22MPa) are connected in series between the high-pressure oil pump 4 and the solenoid directional valve. A PT124G-111 pressure sensor (measurement range 0-30MPa, accuracy ±0.1%FS) is used for pressure compensation to prevent pressure fluctuations from interfering with flow detection. A PT100 temperature sensor (measurement range -20℃ to 100℃, accuracy ±0.2℃) and a 50W heating element are integrated. Heating is activated when the oil temperature is <5℃ (maintaining 5-10℃), and the cooling fan (2000r / min) is activated when the oil temperature is >60℃, addressing errors caused by low-temperature oil viscosity changes. Through multi-parameter correction, leakage levels are refined into minor leaks (ΔQ=1-5L / min), moderate leaks (5-10L / min), and rapid leaks (>10L / min). Combined with cross-validation of pressure and temperature data, the detection accuracy reaches 99%, with a false alarm rate ≤1%.

[0048] The structural layout adopts a scenario-based customized design: the protective shell is made of 3mm thick 304 stainless steel (protection level IP67), the top is equipped with a 50mm extended rainproof eaves 7 with a 15° tilt angle, the sides have 3mm diameter heat dissipation holes 8 (hole spacing 10mm, quantity 20) and are covered with 100-mesh dustproof net, the bottom is equipped with 20mm high silicone shock-absorbing feet 9 (hardness 50 Shore A), and the inside is lined with 5mm thick nitrile rubber shock-absorbing cotton (vibration attenuation rate ≥60%); the outside is equipped with neodymium iron boron magnetic mounting base 10 (suction force ≥500N), with 360° rotating joint 11 (adjustment range 0-90°), which can quickly adapt to different garbage truck frame structures. The testing pipeline uses a steel wire braided rubber tube with an inner diameter of 25mm and a wall thickness of 5mm, wrapped with a 2mm thick conductive silicone layer (volume resistivity ≤10Ω•cm). Both ends are grounded to eliminate static electricity (static voltage drops below 50V). A detachable oil leakage sampling box is installed in the lower middle part (with a built-in 50mm×50mm quantitative oil absorption paper, ≥5mL of oil absorption). A 2mm thick acrylic transparent observation window is provided on the side of the box to help locate tiny leaks.

[0049] Functionally, it expands the operational management dimension: the main control module integrates an STM32F103C8T6 chip, a 16GB SD card (1s / group storage of flow, pressure, and temperature data), and an EC20 4G module (supporting LTE Cat.1, data transmission latency ≤3s). Upon detecting a leak, it automatically pushes the vehicle number, leak type, ΔQ value, and occurrence time to the remote monitoring platform; it is equipped with a 120mm×80mm×60mm 304 stainless steel IP67 junction box, with four built-in relays and terminal blocks (5mm spacing), using YCW-2×1.5... Oil-resistant cables (bending radius ≥15mm) connect to the solenoid directional valve, allowing for individual branch disconnection to locate leaks; an alarm box (80mm×50mm×30mm) integrates an 85dB buzzer and red / yellow LED lights. For rapid leaks, the red light flashes at 1Hz with a continuous buzzer; for moderate leaks, the yellow light flashes at 0.5Hz with an intermittent buzzer; for minor leaks, the yellow light remains constantly lit. It is equipped with a 4.3-inch touchscreen display (800×480 resolution), supporting fault code generation (e.g., "E01 = pipe burst, E02 = minor leak"), USB data export, and integration with the vehicle system (automatic pause of operation during leaks). In terms of performance, detection accuracy is the priority: flow accuracy ±0.5%FS, pressure accuracy ±0.1%FS, temperature accuracy ±0.2℃, alarm response ≤0.5s, operating temperature -20℃-60℃, protection level IP67, anti-static and adaptable to 2-5Hz vibration, single installation time ≤1.5 hours (requires familiarity with garbage truck structure), annual maintenance cost ≤800 yuan / unit, core components (flow sensor, main control chip) are universal, customized parts such as magnetic mounting base 10 and conductive silicone layer need to be purchased to match vehicle model.

[0050] Example 2 like Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, unlike Embodiment 1, the protective shell in this embodiment is equipped with a magnetic mounting base 10 (made of neodymium iron boron, with a magnetic force ≥500N), which can be quickly attached and fixed to the metal parts of the garbage truck frame. A 360° rotating joint 11 is provided between the mounting base and the protective shell, which can adjust the installation angle of the detection device (adjustment range 0-90°). The magnetic mounting base 10 and the rotating joint 11 enable quick installation and removal of the detection device (single installation / removal time ≤2 minutes) and angle adjustment, adapting to the frame structure of different models of garbage trucks. Compared with the existing device's "bolt fixing + non-adjustable" method, this improves installation flexibility and versatility, and reduces the difficulty of modification.

[0051] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of this utility model. Commonly known technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solution of this utility model. These modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of this utility model, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of this utility model or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A detection device for detecting oil leaks in garbage trucks, characterized in that, Applied to the hydraulic system of compressed garbage trucks, it includes: a detection main module, a dual flow sensing module, a pressure compensation module, a multi-functional control module, and a protective shell; The main detection module includes a high-pressure oil pump, a three-position four-way solenoid valve, and two sets of symmetrically arranged detection pipelines. The dual flow sensing module includes a first turbine flow sensor and a second turbine flow sensor; the first turbine flow sensor is installed on the main outlet pipeline of the hydraulic oil tank, model DN25, with a measurement range of 0-100L / min, accuracy of ±0.5%FS, and response time ≤100ms; the second turbine flow sensor is installed on the main return pipeline of the hydraulic oil tank, and its parameters are the same as those of the first turbine flow sensor. The pressure compensation module includes a pressure regulating valve and a relief valve, connected in series between the high-pressure oil pump and the solenoid directional valve; the regulating valve has an adjustment range of 0.5-20MPa; the relief valve has a rated pressure of 22MPa. The multi-functional control module includes a main control board, an audible and visual alarm, an SD card data storage module, and a 4G communication module; the main control board includes the core chip STM32F103C8T6; the audible and visual alarm includes a red flashing light and an 85dB buzzer. The protective shell is made of 304 stainless steel with a thickness of 3mm and a protection rating of IP67. It is equipped with shock-absorbing cotton inside. The shock-absorbing cotton is 5mm thick and made of nitrile rubber. The main control board is electrically connected to the dual flow sensing module, pressure compensation module, audible and visual alarm, SD card storage module and 4G communication module. The electromagnetic reversing valve is connected to one end of the detection pipeline, and the other end of the detection pipeline is used to connect to the hydraulic cylinder inlet of the garbage truck's hydraulic system.

2. The detection device for detecting oil leaks in garbage trucks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The detection pipeline includes an internal threaded connector, a high-pressure resistant oil pipe, and an oil leakage sampling box; one end of the internal threaded connector is welded to the interface of the electromagnetic reversing valve, and the other end is threaded to the high-pressure resistant oil pipe, with polytetrafluoroethylene sealing tape wrapped around the connection part; the oil leakage sampling box is detachably connected to the lower middle part of the high-pressure resistant oil pipe, a quantitative oil absorption paper is placed inside the box, and a transparent observation window is provided on the side of the box.

3. The detection device for detecting oil leaks in garbage trucks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The working logic of the multi-functional control module is as follows: the main control board collects the oil outflow Q1 from the first flow sensor and the oil return flow Q2 from the second flow sensor in real time, and calculates the flow difference ΔQ=|Q1-Q2|; when the hydraulic system of the garbage truck is under load, if ΔQ>10L / min and the duration is ≥2s, or when it is under no-load, if ΔQ>5L / min and the duration is ≥3s, the main control board immediately controls the audible and visual alarm to start, and at the same time records the leakage time, Q1, Q2 and ΔQ data through the SD card storage module, and sends the leakage information to the remote monitoring platform through the 4G communication module.

4. The detection device for detecting oil leaks in garbage trucks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective shell has the following structure: a rainproof eave extending 50mm in length and tilted at 15° is provided on the top of the shell; 20 ventilation holes with a diameter of 3mm and a spacing of 10mm are opened on the side; all ventilation holes are covered with a dustproof net with a mesh size of 100 or higher; shock-absorbing feet are provided at the bottom of the shell; the shock-absorbing feet are connected to the garbage truck frame by bolts, and spring washers are provided at the bolt connection.

5. The detection device for detecting oil leaks in garbage trucks according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a temperature compensation module, which includes a PT100 temperature sensor with a measurement range of -20℃ to 100℃ and an accuracy of ±0.2℃, and a heating element with a power of 50W and an operating voltage of 24V. Both the PT100 temperature sensor and the heating element are electrically connected to the main control board. When the PT100 temperature sensor detects that the hydraulic oil temperature is <5℃, the main control board controls the heating element to start, maintaining the hydraulic oil temperature at 5-10℃. When the temperature is >60℃, the main control board controls the cooling fan installed inside the protective housing to start.

6. The detection device for detecting oil leaks in garbage trucks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The installation structure of the dual flow sensing module is as follows: the first turbine flow sensor is fixed to the main oil outlet pipeline by a flange, with a flange specification of DN25, 4 bolts, and a torque of 8 N•m; the depth of the sensor probe inserted into the pipeline is 1 / 3 of the pipeline's inner diameter, and the coaxiality error between the probe axis and the pipeline axis is ≤0.1mm; the installation structure of the second turbine flow sensor to the main oil return pipeline is the same.

7. The detection device for detecting oil leaks in garbage trucks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer surface of the high-pressure resistant oil pipe of the detection pipeline is wrapped with a conductive silicone layer. The conductive silicone layer has a thickness of 2mm and a volume resistivity of ≤10Ω•cm. The two ends of the conductive silicone layer are respectively connected to the grounding terminal of the garbage truck frame.

8. The detection device for detecting oil leaks in garbage trucks according to claim 7, characterized in that, The protective housing is equipped with an electrostatic eliminator with an anti-static time of ≤1s, and the electrostatic eliminator is electrically connected to the main control board.

9. The detection device for detecting oil leaks in garbage trucks according to claim 1, characterized in that, A pressure sensor is connected in series between the pressure regulating valve and the overflow valve of the pressure compensation module. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the main control board. When the pressure sensor detects that the system pressure is >22MPa, the main control board controls the overflow valve to open and relieve pressure, and at the same time, the audible and visual alarm emits a yellow flashing alarm.

10. The detection device for detecting oil leaks in garbage trucks according to claim 1, characterized in that, The protective shell is equipped with a magnetic mounting base, which can be quickly attached and fixed to the metal parts of the garbage truck frame; a 360° rotating joint is provided between the mounting base and the protective shell, which can adjust the installation angle of the detection device within the adjustment range of 0-90°.

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