A tailstock base assembly

Abstract

This utility model discloses a base assembly for a tailstock, including a base body with a cavity in the middle, and a pressure plate located below the base body for friction locking of the machine tool guide rail during operation. A cylinder with an open upper end is disposed within the cavity. An oil cylinder cover is hydraulically sealed to the upper end of the cylinder, and a through hole is coaxially disposed at the lower end of the cylinder. A piston rod is hydraulically sealed within the cylinder. The piston rod includes a plug section located within the cylinder and a rod section fixedly connected to the lower end of the plug section. The lower end of the rod extends through the through hole and is fixedly connected to the pressure plate, and the rod section is hydraulically sealed to the through hole. The base body is provided with oil passage one and oil passage two, respectively communicating with the upper and lower parts of the cylinder. The advantages of this utility model are: the locking force can be precisely controlled by the hydraulic system pressure, which is convenient and highly reliable, effectively avoiding the problem of uneven or insufficient locking force caused by human factors.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of machine tool technology, and in particular to a tailstock base assembly. Background Technology

[0002] The tailstock base is the basic support component of the tailstock, usually made of cast iron, and its bottom mates with the machine tool guideway during assembly. The accurate positioning and secure clamping of the tailstock base on the guideway are achieved by its locking mechanism. Common locking mechanisms include eccentric shaft type and screw-down type: the eccentric shaft type rotates the eccentric shaft by turning a handle, using the eccentric profile to push the bottom of the tailstock base to produce elastic deformation, thereby pressing it against the guideway; the screw-down type drives the screw downward by rotating the handle, directly pressing the tailstock base against the guideway surface. The tailstock base's locking mechanism can withstand the cutting forces during machining, preventing the tailstock from slipping on the guideway and ensuring workpiece machining accuracy and safety. For large lathes, the workpieces are large, and the forces on the tailstock base are also large. When relying on manual operation of the locking mechanism, the locking force control is greatly affected by human operation, and manual operation is labor-intensive. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a tailstock with easily controllable locking force. Utility Model Content

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by this utility model is to provide a base assembly for a tailstock.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of this utility model is as follows:

[0005] A tailstock base assembly includes a base body with a cavity in the middle, and a pressure plate located below the base body for friction locking of the machine tool guide rail during operation; a cylinder with an open upper end is disposed in the cavity, the upper end of the cylinder is hydraulically sealed to a cylinder cover, and a through hole is coaxially disposed at the lower end of the cylinder; a piston rod is hydraulically sealed in the cylinder; the piston rod includes a plug section located in the cylinder and a rod fixedly connected to the lower end of the plug section; the lower end of the rod extends through the through hole and is fixedly connected to the pressure plate, and the rod is hydraulically sealed to the through hole; the base body is provided with an oil passage one and an oil passage two communicating with the upper and lower parts of the cylinder, respectively.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a guide rod is provided at the upper end of the plug section, and a guide section is provided inside the cylinder head to guide and cooperate with the guide rod.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the lower end of the rod is provided with a limiting section with a diameter smaller than that of the rod, the limiting section is provided with a limiting plane, the lower end of the limiting section is provided with a threaded section, and a locking nut is threadedly connected to the threaded section; the middle part of the pressure plate is provided with a connecting hole adapted to the limiting section; the length of the limiting section is less than the thickness of the pressure plate.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, there are two locking nuts, which are slotted nuts.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the limiting planes are two in number and arranged symmetrically.

[0010] In one preferred embodiment of this invention, the rod body is connected to the through hole via a sealing ring for liquid sealing.

[0011] In one preferred embodiment of this invention, the cylinder cover is fixed to the cylinder body by screws.

[0012] The above technical solution has the following advantages:

[0013] This invention employs hydraulic drive to lock the tailstock base. Compared to traditional manually operated eccentric shaft or screw-type structures, the locking force can be precisely controlled via the hydraulic system pressure, offering convenient and highly reliable control. This effectively avoids uneven or insufficient locking force caused by human factors. The hydraulic drive structure is integrated within the tailstock base, fully utilizing internal space without requiring complex external operating mechanisms. This results in a more compact overall structure, improving space utilization and reducing the risk of external interference. This integrated design not only enhances the rigidity and stability of the device but also significantly reduces the operator's workload. It is particularly suitable for applications requiring high locking force, such as large lathes, ensuring the positioning accuracy and safety of the workpiece during heavy-duty machining. It possesses significant practicality and potential for widespread adoption. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a front view of one embodiment of the present utility model;

[0015] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The left view;

[0016] Figure 3 for Figure 1 Top view;

[0017] Figure 4 for Figure 1 A three-dimensional sectional view along the center AA;

[0018] Figure 5 for Figure 1 3D exploded view;

[0019] Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged view of section B;

[0020] In the picture:

[0021] 1-Base body, 2-Pressure plate, 3-Cylinder body, 4-Cylinder head, 5-Through hole, 6-Oil passage one, 7-Piston rod, 8-Oil passage two, 9-Guide section, 10-Connecting hole;

[0022] 71-Plug section, 72-Rod body, 73-Guide rod, 74-Limiting section, 75-Limiting plane, 76-Threaded section, 77-Locking nut. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that these descriptions are for the purpose of aiding understanding of this utility model, but do not constitute a limitation thereof. Furthermore, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of this utility model described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0024] Example 1

[0025] As attached Figure 1-6 As shown, a tailstock base assembly includes a base body 1 with a cavity in the middle (not shown in the figure), and a pressure plate 2 located below the base body 1 for friction locking of the machine tool guide rail during operation; a cylinder 3 with an open upper end is provided in the cavity, the cylinder 3 is integrally formed with the base body 1, the upper end of the cylinder 3 is hydraulically sealed to a cylinder cover 4, and the lower end of the cylinder 3 is coaxially provided with a through hole 5; a piston rod 7 is hydraulically sealed inside the cylinder 3; the piston rod 7 includes a plug section 71 located inside the cylinder 3, and a rod 72 fixedly connected to the lower end of the plug section 71; the lower end of the rod 72 passes through the through hole 5 and is fixedly connected to the pressure plate 2, and the rod 72 is hydraulically sealed to the through hole 5; the base body 1 is provided with an oil passage 6 and an oil passage 8 respectively communicating with the upper and lower parts of the cylinder 3.

[0026] As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, a guide rod 73 is provided at the upper end of the piston section 71, and a guide section 9 is provided inside the cylinder head 4 to guide and cooperate with the guide rod 73. The guide section 9 extends into the cylinder body 3, and a sealing element can be provided on the outer wall of the guide section 9 to seal against the inner wall of the cylinder body 3, thereby increasing the sealing performance of the cylinder head 4. During operation, the guide rod 73 slides within the guide section 9, effectively guiding the linear movement of the piston rod 7 and preventing uneven loading and jamming. This structure enhances the coaxiality and stability of the piston movement, and at the same time, the sealing element on the outer wall of the guide section 9 further improves the sealing reliability of the upper part of the cylinder body 3, preventing high-pressure oil from leaking from the connection between the cylinder body 3 and the cylinder head 4, thereby improving the system's volumetric efficiency and operational stability.

[0027] In one preferred embodiment, the lower end of the rod 72 is provided with a limiting section 74 whose diameter is smaller than that of the rod 72. The limiting section 74 is provided with a limiting plane 75, and the lower end of the limiting section 74 is provided with a threaded section 76, on which a locking nut 77 is threadedly connected. The middle part of the pressure plate 2 is provided with a connecting hole 10 that matches the limiting section 74. The length of the limiting section 74 is less than the thickness of the pressure plate 2. The limiting section 74 is inserted into the connecting hole 10 of the pressure plate 2 to achieve radial positioning, and the threaded section 76 cooperates with the locking nut 77 to achieve axial fixation. This structure facilitates assembly and disassembly and can effectively transmit locking force to prevent the pressure plate 2 from falling off under vibration conditions.

[0028] As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, there are two locking nuts 77, which are slotted nuts. The locking nuts 77 can be replaced with hexagonal nuts with locking washers or a double-nut anti-loosening structure to enhance the vibration resistance and anti-loosening performance of the connection; or a welded locking ring structure can be used, which is spot-welded after assembly to ensure that it does not loosen during long-term operation. During operation, the double slotted nuts effectively prevent the nuts from loosening due to machine tool vibration, ensuring the long-term reliability of the pressure plate 2 connection; this anti-loosening structure is simple and effective, easy to maintain, and significantly improves the safety and durability of the tailstock locking system.

[0029] As a preferred technical solution in this embodiment, the limiting planes 75 are two in number and symmetrically arranged. The cross-section of the limiting segment 74 can be designed as a polygon (such as a hexagon) or a cylinder with a keyway to achieve a non-circular fit with the connecting hole 10 of the pressure plate 2, preventing relative rotation. During operation, the limiting planes 75 fit with the corresponding planes of the connecting hole 10 of the pressure plate 2, which can effectively transmit torque, prevent relative rotation between the piston rod 7 and the pressure plate 2, and ensure that the pressure plate 2 is always in the correct position to press the guide rail. This structure is simple and reliable, avoids uneven wear or loss of locking force caused by rotation, and improves the consistency and stability of locking.

[0030] In one preferred embodiment, the rod 72 is hydraulically sealed to the through hole 5 via a sealing ring (not shown in the figure). An installation groove (not shown in the figure) for locating the sealing ring is provided on the inner wall of the through hole 5. Obviously, the hydraulic seal between the rod 72 and the through hole 5 can also employ a combined sealing structure, such as a combination of an O-ring and a retaining ring, or a lip seal and a dust seal, to meet the sealing requirements of high-pressure, high-speed, or harsh working environments. During operation, the sealing ring remains tightly fitted to the inner wall of the through hole 5 as the rod 72 reciprocates, effectively preventing hydraulic oil leakage from the lower end of the cylinder 3; the installation groove ensures accurate positioning of the sealing ring and prevents it from shifting, improving sealing durability; the combined seal further adapts to high-pressure conditions, reduces friction and wear, extends maintenance cycles, and ensures long-term stable operation of the system.

[0031] In one preferred embodiment, the cylinder head 4 is fixed to the cylinder body 3 by screws (not shown in the figure). Obviously, the cylinder head 4 can also be connected to the cylinder body 3 by threaded connection, supplemented by a sealing gasket; or a flange-type quick-release structure can be used, with clamps or quick-release bolts for rapid assembly and disassembly, facilitating maintenance and repair. During operation, the screw connection structure is simple and easy to install and remove, ensuring a high-strength connection and good sealing between the cylinder head 4 and the cylinder body 3. This structure facilitates regular inspection of the cylinder body 3's internal cavity, replacement of seals, or repair of piston assemblies, improving equipment maintainability, reducing downtime, and enhancing overall efficiency.

[0032] During the locking process, high-pressure oil is injected into the upper chamber of cylinder 3 from oil circuit 2 (8), acting on the upper surface of the piston to generate a downward thrust. This thrust overcomes the resistance of the oil in the lower chamber, driving the piston rod 7 and the connected pressure plate 2 downward. The pressure plate 2 gradually approaches and eventually tightly adheres to the surface of the machine tool guide rail, generating sufficient friction to fix the tailstock position. During the releasing process, the reversing valve switches the oil circuit, and pressurized oil enters the lower chamber of cylinder 3 through oil circuit 1 (6), acting on the lower surface of the piston to generate an upward thrust. This pushes the piston rod 7 and pressure plate 2 back up, causing the pressure plate 2 to disengage from the guide rail and release the locking state. At this time, the oil in the upper chamber returns to the oil tank through oil circuit 2 (8). By adjusting the overflow valve or proportional valve in the hydraulic system, the inlet oil pressure can be controlled in real time, thereby precisely setting the magnitude of the locking force to ensure a stable and reliable clamping effect under different working conditions. This process can also be linked with the machine tool CNC system to achieve remote or automated locking and releasing operations, improving the intelligence level of the equipment.

[0033] This invention employs hydraulic drive to achieve tailstock locking, offering controllable locking force, rapid response, and effortless operation, significantly reducing manual labor intensity. The cylinder body 3 is integrated within the base body 1, featuring a compact structure, high rigidity, and excellent sealing, making it suitable for applications requiring high locking reliability, such as large lathes, effectively ensuring machining accuracy and safety. Because the hydraulic system provides stable and adjustable output force, it avoids the uneven locking force issues caused by operator experience differences in traditional manual locking mechanisms, ensuring consistency and reliability in each locking operation. The integrated cylinder body 3 design fully utilizes the internal space of the tailstock, eliminating the need for external hydraulic cylinders or complex linkage mechanisms, resulting in a simpler overall layout, improved structural rigidity and vibration resistance, and reduced potential failure points. Reliable sealing structures at each sealing point effectively prevent hydraulic oil leakage, ensuring long-term stable system operation. This device is particularly suitable for heavy-duty or precision machine tools, preventing tailstock displacement under high cutting force conditions, thereby ensuring the coaxiality, cylindricity, and other dimensional tolerances of the workpiece, improving machining quality, and reducing the operator's workload from frequent force application, thus increasing production efficiency and operational safety.

[0034] In the description of the above embodiments, for the sake of brevity and clarity, some components and their specific structural details that are not directly related to the core innovations of this utility model have been omitted. These omitted parts all fall within the scope of existing technology, and those skilled in the art can fully implement the design and manufacture of these parts based on their professional knowledge and existing technical materials. Therefore, they will not be described in detail here.

[0035] The embodiments of this utility model have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings, but this utility model is not limited to the described embodiments. For those skilled in the art, various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of this utility model, and these variations still fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. A base assembly of tailstock, comprising a base body (1) with a cavity in the middle, for a platen (2) located below the base body (1) and used for friction locking the guide rail of a machine tool in operation; characterized in that: The cavity is provided with a cylinder (3) with open upper end, the cylinder (3) is connected with oil cylinder cover (4) in liquid seal at upper end, the lower end of the cylinder (3) is provided with through hole (5) coaxially;The piston rod (7) is provided in liquid seal in the cylinder (3);The piston rod (7) includes plug body section (71) in the cylinder (3), and the rod body (72) is fixed to the lower end of plug body section (71);The lower end of the rod body (72) passes through the through hole (5) and is fixed with the pressing plate (2), and the rod body (72) is connected with the through hole (5) in liquid seal;The base body (1) is provided with oil path one (6) and oil path two (8) respectively communicated with the upper and lower parts of the cylinder (3).

2. The base assembly of the tailstock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plug body section (71) is provided with guide rod (73) at the upper end, and the oil cylinder cover (4) is provided with guide section (9) matched with the guide rod (73).

3. A quill assembly according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The lower end of the rod body (72) is provided with limiting section (74) with smaller diameter than the rod body (72), the limiting section (74) is provided with limiting plane (75), the lower end of the limiting section (74) is provided with threaded section (76), the threaded section (76) is provided with locking nut (77) on the thread, the middle part of the pressing plate (2) is provided with connecting hole (10) matched with the limiting section (74), and the length of the limiting section (74) is less than the thickness of the pressing plate (2).

4. The base assembly of claim 3, wherein: The locking nut (77) is two, which is a slotted nut.

5. The base assembly of claim 3, wherein: The limiting plane (75) is two and symmetrically arranged.

6. The base assembly of a tailstock according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The rod body (72) is connected with the through hole (5) in liquid seal through the sealing ring.

7. The base assembly of a tailstock according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The oil cylinder cover (4) is fixed with the cylinder (3) through the screw.

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