A new type of high-efficiency straw crushing and covering machine

Abstract

This disclosure relates to the technical field of straw mulching machines. One embodiment of this disclosure provides a novel high-efficiency straw crushing and mulching machine, which includes: a main frame and a pair of outer frames, the outer frames being fixed on both sides of the main frame; a crushing and receiving assembly disposed within the main frame and the outer frames; and a supporting and moving assembly disposed outside the main frame. The crushing and receiving assembly includes a receiving cavity located within the main frame, with an inlet on one side of the receiving cavity. Side plates are rotatably connected to the side surfaces of the outer frames, and a conveyor belt is disposed between the side plates, with one top end of the conveyor belt located at the inlet. An electric telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the front end of the side plate and the main frame via a pin. This technical solution solves the technical problem of existing equipment being unable to quickly and extensively roll up and comb straw, resulting in low processing efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The embodiments disclosed herein relate to the technical field of straw mulching and covering machines, specifically, to a novel high-efficiency straw crushing, covering, and returning machine. Background Technology

[0002] In large-scale agricultural production, straw crushing and mulching is a key step in improving tillage efficiency and soil quality. Straw mulching machines need to achieve a continuous operation of rapid straw collection, efficient combing, and uniform mulching. Their autonomous mobility and straw processing efficiency directly determine the progress of farmland operations. As agricultural planting develops towards large-scale and intensive farming, the dual shortcomings of traditional straw mulching machines are becoming increasingly apparent: existing equipment, on the one hand, cannot quickly and extensively roll up and comb straw, resulting in low processing efficiency; on the other hand, it relies on tractors and other vehicles for traction, lacking autonomous mobility. These dual constraints make straw mulching operations difficult to adapt to the needs of large-scale farmland, seriously affecting the progress of agricultural operations.

[0003] Traditional straw-collecting machines typically employ a single toothed mechanism or a narrow conveyor structure, resulting in limited catchment area and weak combing ability. When faced with large areas of lodged or dense straw, straw blockage and entanglement can easily occur, requiring frequent shutdowns for cleaning and significantly reducing processing efficiency. Furthermore, the overall design of the equipment is towed, relying on a tractor for power to move via a hook-up device. When operating in large areas of farmland, the tractor's turning radius and speed limit the straw-collecting machine's coverage area, easily overlooking corner plots. Moreover, the power mismatch between the tractor and the straw-collecting machine can disrupt the straw processing rhythm.

[0004] Therefore, the development of a new type of high-efficiency straw return machine that combines rapid large-area straw rolling and combing functions with autonomous mobility has become an urgent need to adapt to large-scale agricultural production. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome the above-mentioned defects, the embodiments of this disclosure provide a new type of high-efficiency straw crushing and mulching machine, which solves the technical problem that existing equipment cannot quickly and extensively roll up and comb straw, resulting in low processing efficiency.

[0006] According to one aspect, at least one embodiment of this disclosure provides a novel high-efficiency straw crushing and mulching machine, comprising: The main frame and a pair of outer frames are respectively fixed on both sides of the main frame; A receiving and crushing assembly is disposed within the main frame and the outer frame; A supporting movable component is disposed outside the main frame; The receiving and crushing assembly includes a receiving cavity, which is located inside the main frame. An inlet is provided on one side of the receiving cavity. Side plates are rotatably connected to the side surface of the outer frame. A conveyor belt is provided between the side plates. One top end of the conveyor belt is located at the inlet. An electric telescopic rod is rotatably connected to the front end of the side plate and the main frame via a pin.

[0007] As a further technical solution, a lower pressure plate is provided on the top of the main frame, the lower pressure plate is located above the conveyor belt, the inlet is located between the conveyor belt and the lower pressure plate, and a pair of guide rollers are rotatably connected inside the receiving cavity.

[0008] As a further technical solution, one of the infeeding rollers is driven to rotate by electricity, a pair of sandwich plates are provided in the receiving cavity, a crushing roller is rotatably connected in the receiving cavity, and the crushing roller is located between the sandwich plates.

[0009] As a further technical solution, the crushing roller is driven to rotate by electricity, and one end of the bottom of each sandwich plate is connected to the inner surface of the receiving cavity. The receiving cavity has an outlet located between the sandwich plates.

[0010] According to another aspect, in at least one embodiment of the present invention, the supporting movable component includes a front frame and a rear frame, both of which are fixed to the outside of the main frame. A front support wheel is rotatably connected to the bottom of the front frame, and a drive wheel is rotatably connected inside the rear frame. The drive wheel is driven to rotate by electricity.

[0011] As a further technical solution, both the front support wheel and the drive wheel are arranged in a lateral manner with several of them, and the drive wheel adopts a large diameter structure.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the front end of the lower pressure plate is bent upward, and the bent part of the front end of the lower pressure plate has an arc-shaped transition structure.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the inner shaft diameter at the front end of the conveyor belt is much smaller than the inner shaft diameter at the rear end, and the conveyor belt is inclined at a conveying angle.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the embodiments disclosed herein are as follows: In this disclosure, the straw crushing assembly solves the problems of slow straw loading and incomplete crushing in traditional equipment through its efficient conveying and precise crushing design. An electric telescopic rod adjusts the conveyor belt angle to accommodate straw of different heights, expanding the collection range; the conveyor belt works in conjunction with the lower pressure plate to prevent straw escape and provide initial compaction, improving conveying efficiency; the guide roller guides the straw precisely into the crushing area, avoiding accumulation; the sandwich plate restricts straw deviation; the high-speed rotation of the crushing roller ensures thorough crushing; and the discharge outlet provides directional discharge for uniform coverage. This structure optimizes the entire process from straw collection and conveying to crushing, significantly improving processing efficiency, preventing straw congestion or leakage, meeting the needs of rapid straw return to the field in large areas, while reducing the frequency of manual cleaning and lowering workload. Attached Figure Description

[0015] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this disclosure, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments of this disclosure will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the content of the exemplary embodiments of this disclosure and these drawings without any creative effort.

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a structure in one embodiment of the present disclosure; Figure 2 This is an isometric drawing of the present disclosure; Figure 3 This is an isometric sectional view of the present disclosure; Figure 4 Appendix to this disclosure Figure 3 Enlarged view of part A in the middle; In the diagram: 1. Main frame; 2. Outer frame; 3. Intake crushing assembly; 3-1. Receiving chamber; 3-2. Inlet; 3-3. Side plate; 3-4. Conveyor belt; 3-5. Electric telescopic rod; 3-6. Lower pressure plate; 3-7. Inlet roller; 3-8. Sandwich plate; 3-9. Crushing roller; 3-10. Outlet; 4. Support moving assembly; 4-1. Front frame; 4-2. Rear frame; 4-3. Front support wheel; 4-4. Drive wheel. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present disclosure will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure.

[0018] To keep the drawings concise, each drawing only schematically shows the parts relevant to the disclosure; these do not represent the actual structure of the product. Furthermore, for ease of understanding, in some drawings, only one of components with the same structure or function is schematically shown, or only one is labeled. In this document, "one" not only means "only one," but can also mean "more than one," and "several" includes "two" and "more than two."

[0019] In this document, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linkage" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this disclosure based on the specific circumstances.

[0020] In this disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0021] In the description of this embodiment, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of description and simplification of operation, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this disclosure.

[0022] Furthermore, in the description of this application, the terms "first," "second," etc., are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] like Figures 1-4 As shown, it illustrates a novel high-efficiency straw crushing and mulching machine according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, comprising: The main frame 1 and a pair of outer frames 2 are respectively fixed on both sides of the main frame 1; A receiving and crushing assembly 3 is disposed in the main frame 1 and the outer frame 2; A supporting movable component 4 is disposed outside the main frame 1; The receiving and crushing assembly 3 includes a receiving cavity 3-1, which is located within the main frame 1. An inlet 3-2 is provided on one side of the receiving cavity 3-1. A side plate 3-3 is rotatably connected to the side surface of the outer frame 2. A conveyor belt 3-4 is positioned between the side plates 3-3, with one top end of the conveyor belt 3-4 located at the inlet 3-2. An electric telescopic rod 3-5 is rotatably connected to the main frame 1 via a pin at the front end of the side plate 3-3. A lower pressure plate 3-6 is provided on the top of the main frame 1, positioned above the conveyor belt 3-4. The inlet 3-2 is located on the conveyor belt. Between 3-4 and the lower pressing plate 3-6, a pair of guide rollers 3-7 are rotatably connected inside the receiving cavity 3-1. One of the guide rollers 3-7 is driven to rotate by electricity. A pair of sandwich plates 3-8 are provided inside the receiving cavity 3-1. A crushing roller 3-9 is rotatably connected inside the receiving cavity 3-1. The crushing roller 3-9 is located between the sandwich plates 3-8 and is driven to rotate by electricity. One bottom end of each sandwich plate 3-8 is connected to the inner surface of the receiving cavity 3-1. An outlet 3-10 is opened inside the receiving cavity 3-1 and is located between the sandwich plates 3-8.

[0024] In some examples, in order to achieve efficient straw loading, precise crushing and directional discharge, and to avoid straw conveying jams or incomplete crushing, a receiving and crushing component 3 is designed. This component includes a receiving cavity 3-1 in the main frame 1 to provide a closed space for straw processing. The inlet 3-2 on one side of the receiving cavity 3-1 serves as a straw entry channel. The side plate 3-3 on the side surface of the outer frame 2, which swings up and down, is connected to the main frame 1 through an electric telescopic rod 3-5. The extension and retraction of the electric telescopic rod 3-5 can adjust the tilt angle between the side plate 3-3 and the conveyor belt 3-4 to adapt to straw stacking scenarios of different heights, ensuring that the straw can be smoothly conveyed to the inlet 3-2.

[0025] One end of the top of the conveyor belt 3-4 between the side plates 3-3 extends to the inlet 3-2, which can continuously transport the straw on the ground to the receiving chamber 3-1; the lower pressing plate 3-6 at the top of the main frame 1 is located above the conveyor belt 3-4, forming a compression channel with the conveyor belt 3-4, which can prevent the straw from tilting upward and detaching from the conveyor belt 3-4 during transportation, and can also perform preliminary compaction of the loose straw, thereby improving the conveying efficiency.

[0026] A pair of guide rollers 3-7 (one of which is electrically driven) in the receiving chamber 3-1 can further convey the incoming straw to the crushing area, preventing the straw from accumulating at the inlet 3-2; a pair of sandwich plates 3-8 in the receiving chamber 3-1 divide the receiving chamber 3-1 into a crushing space; the electrically driven crushing roller 3-9 located between the sandwich plates 3-8 can crush the straw at high speed; the sandwich plates 3-8 can restrict the straw from escaping to both sides during the crushing process, ensuring that the straw fully contacts the crushing roller 3-9 and improving the thoroughness of crushing.

[0027] One end of the sandwich plate 3-8 is connected to the inner surface of the receiving cavity 3-1 to form a guide channel. The crushed straw can be discharged from the discharge port 3-10 inside the receiving cavity 3-1 through the channel between the sandwich plates 3-8 to achieve directional return to the field. The high-speed rotation of the crushing roller 3-9 and the coordinated conveying of the guide roller 3-7 form a continuous processing flow, reducing operation interruptions.

[0028] During operation, the electric telescopic rod 3-5 adjusts the angle of the conveyor belt 3-4. The conveyor belt 3-4 transports the straw, which is then limited by the lower pressure plate 3-6 and guided in by the inlet roller 3-7. After being crushed by the crushing roller 3-9, the straw is discharged from the outlet 3-10. This multi-stage collaborative process achieves efficient crushing, meeting the needs of farmland straw processing.

[0029] like Figures 1-4 As shown in the figure, the supporting moving component 4 in this embodiment includes a front frame 4-1 and a rear frame 4-2. Both the front frame 4-1 and the rear frame 4-2 are fixed to the outside of the main frame 1. The bottom of the front frame 4-1 is rotatably connected to a front support wheel 4-3, and the rear frame 4-2 is rotatably connected to a drive wheel 4-4. The drive wheel 4-4 is driven to rotate by electricity.

[0030] In some examples, in order to enable the equipment to move autonomously and operate stably in the field and avoid difficulties in moving the equipment or deviation during operation, a support and movement component 4 is designed. This component includes a front frame 4-1 and a rear frame 4-2 fixed externally to the main frame 1, which provide installation support for the front support wheel 4-3 and the drive wheel 4-4, respectively. The front support wheel 4-3, which rotates at the bottom of the front frame 4-1, can flexibly turn with the direction of equipment movement, reduce the resistance when the equipment turns, improve the flexibility of operation, and is especially suitable for the complex terrain and operation path adjustment needs in the field.

[0031] The electrically driven drive wheel 4-4, rotating within the rear frame 4-2, provides the power for the equipment's movement, enabling it to move autonomously across farmland without external traction, thus reducing manual labor intensity. The drive wheel 4-4 provides stable power output, adapting to soft or uneven ground in farmland and preventing slippage that could lead to power loss. The front support wheel 4-3 and the drive wheel 4-4, distributed front and rear, form a stable support structure, ensuring the equipment is not easily tipped over during movement and operation. Furthermore, the height of the front support wheel 4-3 can be finely adjusted according to the ground's flatness (e.g., by adjusting the height of the front frame 4-1), ensuring the distance between the conveyor belt 3-4 and the ground is appropriate and preventing friction damage to the conveyor belt 3-4.

[0032] The electric drive of the drive wheel 4-4 allows for speed adjustment via the control system, adapting to different operating speed requirements. The rigid structure of the front frame 4-1 and the rear frame 4-2 can withstand the weight of the equipment itself and the impact force during operation, extending the service life of the components.

[0033] During operation, the drive wheel 4-4 propels the equipment forward, while the front support wheel 4-3 assists in steering, enabling the equipment to move autonomously in farmland. Active drive improves operational efficiency, while auxiliary guidance enhances operational flexibility. All components work together to achieve equipment movement and stable support, meeting the needs of straw crushing and mulching operations in farmland.

[0034] For example, such as Figure 1 As shown, both the front support wheel 4-3 and the drive wheel 4-4 are arranged in a lateral direction with several of them, and the drive wheel 4-4 adopts a large diameter structure.

[0035] In some examples, both the front support wheel 4-3 and the drive wheel 4-4 are arranged laterally in several evenly spaced configurations, with the drive wheel 4-4 employing a large-diameter structure. This lateral arrangement of multiple wheels increases the contact area between the equipment and the ground, distributing the equipment's weight, preventing it from sinking into soft farmland, and improving mobility. The large-diameter drive wheel 4-4 reduces the impact of ground protrusions on the equipment, allowing it to easily traverse small clods of soil or weed roots in the field, thus reducing rolling resistance.

[0036] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, the front end of the lower pressure plate 3-6 is bent upwards, and the bent part of the front end of the lower pressure plate 3-6 has an arc-shaped transition structure.

[0037] In some examples, the front end of the lower pressure plate 3-6 is bent upwards with an arc-shaped transition structure at the bend. The upward bend at the front end guides the straw smoothly into the compression channel between the lower pressure plate 3-6 and the conveyor belt 3-4, preventing the straw from being blocked or stuck by the front end of the plate; the arc-shaped transition structure reduces frictional damage between the straw and the plate, while preventing sharp edges from tearing the conveyor belt 3-4.

[0038] For example, such as Figure 3As shown, the inner shaft diameter at the front end of the conveyor belt 3-4 is much smaller than the inner shaft diameter at the rear end, and the conveyor belt 3-4 is inclined at a conveying angle.

[0039] In some examples, the inner shaft diameter at the front end of the conveyor belt 3-4 is much smaller than that at the rear end, and the conveyor belt 3-4 is at an inclined conveying angle. The small-diameter inner shaft at the front end can reduce the height of the front end of the conveyor belt 3-4, making it easier to collect straw close to the ground and reducing straw leakage; the large-diameter inner shaft at the rear end, combined with the inclined angle, can gradually raise the straw conveying height, so that the straw can accurately connect to the inlet 3-2 of the receiving cavity 3-1, avoiding straw falling off during the conveying process.

[0040] In actual use: After starting the equipment, adjust the angle of the side plate 3-3 according to the height of the straw in the field using the electric telescopic rod 3-5, so that the front end of the conveyor belt 3-4 is close to the ground and the rear end is tilted upwards to align with the inlet 3-2 of the receiving chamber 3-1. The drive wheel 4-4 of the supporting moving component 4 drives the equipment to move forward autonomously, and the front support wheel 4-3 assists in steering, collecting straw over a large area. When the straw is conveyed by the conveyor belt 3-4 to the inlet 3-2, the lower pressure plate 3-6 prevents the straw from sticking up and, together with the conveyor belt 3-4, initially compacts the straw. After the straw enters the receiving chamber 3-1, the electrically driven guide roller 3-7 conveys it between the interlayer plates 3-8, where the high-speed rotating crushing roller 3-9 thoroughly crushes the straw. The crushed straw is guided along the interlayer plate 3-8 and discharged from the outlet 3-10 to cover the farmland. During operation, the forward speed can be controlled by adjusting the speed of the drive wheel 4-4 to adapt to different straw densities, and the entire process of straw collection, crushing and returning to the field can be carried out in a continuous manner without the need for external traction.

[0041] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this disclosure and are not intended to limit it. Although this disclosure has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of this disclosure without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this disclosure, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this disclosure.

Claims

1. A novel high-efficiency straw crushing, mulching, and returning machine, characterized in that, include: The main frame (1) and a pair of outer frames (2) are respectively fixed on both sides of the main frame (1); A receiving crushing assembly (3) is disposed in the main frame (1) and the outer frame (2); A supporting movable component (4) is disposed outside the main frame (1); The receiving crushing component (3) includes a receiving cavity (3-1), which is located inside the main frame (1). An inlet (3-2) is provided on one side of the receiving cavity (3-1). A side plate (3-3) is rotatably connected to the side surface of the outer frame (2). A conveyor belt (3-4) is provided between the side plates (3-3). One end of the top of the conveyor belt (3-4) is located at the inlet (3-2). An electric telescopic rod (3-5) is rotatably connected to the front end of the side plate (3-3) and the main frame (1) through a pin.

2. The novel high-efficiency straw crushing and mulching machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main frame (1) is provided with a lower pressure plate (3-6) at the top, the lower pressure plate (3-6) is located above the conveyor belt (3-4), the inlet (3-2) is located between the conveyor belt (3-4) and the lower pressure plate (3-6), and a pair of guide rollers (3-7) are rotatably connected inside the receiving cavity (3-1).

3. The novel high-efficiency straw crushing and mulching machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, One of the inlet rollers (3-7) is electrically driven to rotate. A pair of sandwich plates (3-8) are provided in the receiving cavity (3-1). A crushing roller (3-9) is rotatably connected in the receiving cavity (3-1) and is located between the sandwich plates (3-8).

4. A novel high-efficiency straw crushing, mulching, and returning machine according to claim 3, characterized in that, The crushing roller (3-9) is driven to rotate by electricity. One bottom end of each of the sandwich plates (3-8) is connected to the inner surface of the receiving cavity (3-1). The receiving cavity (3-1) has an outlet (3-10) on its inner side, and the outlet (3-10) is located between the sandwich plates (3-8).

5. A novel high-efficiency straw crushing, mulching, and returning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supporting moving assembly (4) includes a front frame (4-1) and a rear frame (4-2). Both the front frame (4-1) and the rear frame (4-2) are fixed outside the main frame (1). The bottom of the front frame (4-1) is rotatably connected to a front support wheel (4-3), and the rear frame (4-2) is rotatably connected to a drive wheel (4-4). The drive wheel (4-4) is driven to rotate by electricity.

6. A novel high-efficiency straw crushing, mulching, and returning machine according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the front support wheel (4-3) and the drive wheel (4-4) are arranged in a lateral manner, and the drive wheel (4-4) adopts a large diameter structure.

7. The novel high-efficiency straw smashing and mulching field returning machine according to claim 2, characterized in that, The front end of the lower pressure plate (3-6) is bent upward, and the bent part of the front end of the lower pressure plate (3-6) has an arc-shaped transition structure.

8. The novel high-efficiency straw smashing and mulching field returning machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner shaft diameter at the front end of the conveyor belt (3-4) is much smaller than that at the rear end, and the conveyor belt (3-4) is inclined at a conveying angle.

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