Alignment tool for machining of bolt head recess

Abstract

The utility model relates to machining technical field especially relates to a kind of alignment tooling of bolt head groove type processing.It include workbench, controller, positioning sleeve, wedge-shaped slider, ball and first elastic piece etc., workbench top front side is equipped with controller, workbench center position is fixedly connected with positioning sleeve, multiple wedge-shaped sliders are slidably arranged on the upper portion of workbench along the circumference, and the side of wedge-shaped slider close to workbench center position is equipped with ball, ball can flexibly roll in any direction, and first elastic piece is connected between wedge-shaped slider and workbench.The utility model adopts the structure of wedge-shaped pressing block, wedge-shaped slider and ball, realizes multiple-point synchronous radial clamping by mechanical linkage, and ball can freely roll, adapt to the outer edge contour of different bolt head type, and automatically centering workpiece geometric center, effectively avoid the eccentricity or skew of groove type due to artificial alignment error.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to an alignment tool for machining the groove shape of a bolt head, belonging to the field of machining technology. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of mechanical manufacturing, bolts are key fasteners. Their heads often need to be machined with drive grooves such as slotted slots, cross slots, and internal hexagonal holes to facilitate tightening with screwdrivers or wrenches during subsequent assembly. The machining accuracy of these grooves directly affects assembly efficiency and connection reliability. Especially on automated assembly lines, excessive deviation in the groove position can lead to bit slippage, tightening failure, or even workpiece damage.

[0003] Currently, common methods for machining bolt heads often employ simple fixtures for positioning or manual visual alignment. However, bolt heads come in various shapes, including hexagonal, round, countersunk, and square heads, with significant differences in geometric characteristics. Traditional general-purpose fixtures struggle to achieve high-precision automatic centering for bolts of different specifications, easily leading to misalignment between the workpiece axis and the tool centerline during clamping. Furthermore, existing clamping methods often suffer from uneven clamping force distribution, causing workpiece deformation or eccentric clamping. In severe cases, this can even lead to sudden changes in tool stress and breakage, affecting machining quality, equipment safety, and production efficiency. Therefore, a new alignment fixture for machining bolt head grooves needs to be designed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings of low positioning accuracy and poor adaptability of existing alignment fixtures in slot machining, this utility model provides an alignment fixture for slot machining of bolt heads.

[0005] The technical solution of this utility model is: a tooling for aligning bolt head groove machining, including a worktable, a controller, a positioning sleeve, a wedge slider, balls, a first elastic element, a connecting plate, wedge pressure blocks, and an electric push rod. The controller is installed on the front side of the top of the worktable. The positioning sleeve is fixedly connected to the center of the worktable. Multiple wedge sliders are slidably arranged on the upper part of the worktable in the circumferential direction. Balls are provided on the side of the wedge sliders near the center of the worktable. The balls can roll flexibly in any direction. The wedge sliders are connected to the worktable by a first elastic element. A connecting plate is slidably arranged on the lower side of the middle of the worktable. Multiple wedge pressure blocks are fixedly connected to the connecting plate in the circumferential direction. The inclined surfaces of adjacent wedge pressure blocks and the inclined surfaces of wedge sliders fit together. An electric push rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the worktable. The telescopic end of the electric push rod is connected to the connecting plate, and the electric push rod is electrically connected to the controller.

[0006] As a further improvement of this utility model, it also includes a connecting frame, a stamping device and a stamping head. The connecting frame is fixedly connected to the upper part of the worktable, the stamping device is fixedly installed on the upper part of the connecting frame, and the stamping head is slidably connected to the lower part of the stamping device. The stamping head has various types and is a detachable structure, which makes it easy to replace punches of different shapes to adapt to various groove processing requirements. The stamping device is electrically connected to the controller.

[0007] As a further improvement of this utility model, it also includes a laser emitter, which is installed on one side of the connecting frame.

[0008] As a further improvement of this utility model, it also includes an electromagnetic push rod and a second elastic element. An electromagnetic push rod is installed at the lower center of the worktable. The electromagnetic push rod is electrically connected to the controller. The telescopic end of the electromagnetic push rod is located directly below the positioning sleeve. A second elastic element is connected between the electromagnetic push rod and the worktable.

[0009] As a further improvement of this utility model, it also includes foot pads, with multiple foot pads provided at the bottom of the workbench.

[0010] As a further improvement of this utility model, the balls are all made of bearing steel.

[0011] Compared with existing technologies, this utility model has the following advantages: 1. This utility model adopts a structure of wedge-shaped pressure block, wedge-shaped slider and ball, and realizes multi-point synchronous radial clamping through mechanical linkage. The ball can roll freely to adapt to the outer edge contour of different bolt head types and automatically center the geometric center of the workpiece, effectively avoiding groove eccentricity or skewness caused by manual alignment error.

[0012] 2. This utility model, by setting an electromagnetic push rod below the center of the worktable and cooperating with a second elastic element, can automatically push out the workpiece after processing, realize automatic unloading, and improve the level of production automation. At the same time, by setting a laser emitter to project a central reference light point, it can assist in alignment and equipment debugging, and improve the workpiece qualification rate. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the workbench, controller, and positioning sleeve of this utility model.

[0015] Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the electromagnetic push rod, the second elastic element, and the connecting plate of this utility model.

[0016] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the wedge-shaped slider, ball bearing, and first elastic element of this utility model. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The specific embodiments of this utility model will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0018] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. The described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0019] like Figure 1-4 As shown, it includes a worktable 1, a controller 2, a positioning sleeve 3, a wedge slider 4, a ball bearing 5, a first elastic element 6, a connecting plate 7, a wedge pressure block 8, an electric push rod 9, a connecting frame 10, a stamping device 11, a stamping head 12, a laser emitter 13, an electromagnetic push rod 14, a second elastic element 15, and a foot pad 16.

[0020] like Figure 1-4 As shown, this utility model discloses an alignment fixture for machining the groove shape of a bolt head, comprising a worktable 1, a controller 2, a positioning sleeve 3, wedge-shaped sliders 4, balls 5, a first elastic element 6, a connecting plate 7, a wedge-shaped pressure block 8, and an electric push rod 9. The controller 2 is installed on the front top of the worktable 1, and the positioning sleeve 3 is fixedly connected to the center of the worktable 1. Multiple wedge-shaped sliders 4 are slidably arranged circumferentially on the upper part of the worktable 1, and balls 5 are provided on the side of each wedge-shaped slider 4 near the center of the worktable 1. All balls 5 are made of bearing steel. The device is manufactured with good smoothness and wear resistance, and the ball bearings 5 ​​can roll flexibly in any direction. A first elastic element 6 connects the wedge-shaped slider 4 to the worktable 1. A connecting plate 7 is slidably mounted on the lower side of the center of the worktable 1, and multiple wedge-shaped pressure blocks 8 are fixedly connected to the connecting plate 7 circumferentially. The inclined surfaces of adjacent wedge-shaped pressure blocks 8 and the inclined surfaces of wedge-shaped sliders 4 fit together. An electric push rod 9 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the worktable 1. The telescopic end of the electric push rod 9 is connected to the connecting plate 7, and the electric push rod 9 is electrically connected to the controller 2. The controller 2 is a mature product in the existing technology, such as a PLC controller, industrial computer, or embedded motion controller.

[0021] like Figure 1As shown, the system also includes a connecting frame 10, a stamping device 11, and a stamping head 12. The connecting frame 10 is fixedly connected to the upper part of the worktable 1, and the stamping device 11 is fixedly installed on the upper part of the connecting frame 10. The stamping head 12 is slidably connected to the lower part of the stamping device 11. The stamping head 12 comes in various types and has a detachable structure, making it easy to replace punches of different shapes to meet various slot processing requirements. The stamping device 11 is electrically connected to the controller 2. The stamping device 11 is a mature product in the prior art and can be a bench press, pneumatic punch, hydraulic punch, or servo stamping mechanism. The stamping device 11 can drive the stamping head 12 to move downwards, pressing a slot (such as a slotted or Phillips head) into the metal of the bolt head with sufficient impact force or static pressure. The stamping device 11 receives a signal (such as a "start" signal) from the controller 2, performs one stamping stroke, and sends a "complete" signal back to the controller after completion.

[0022] like Figure 1 As shown, it also includes a laser emitter 13. A laser emitter 13 is installed on one side of the connecting frame 10 to project a central reference light spot, assist in alignment and equipment debugging, and improve the workpiece qualification rate.

[0023] like Figure 3 As shown, it also includes an electromagnetic push rod 14 and a second elastic element 15. An electromagnetic push rod 14 is installed at the lower center of the worktable 1. The electromagnetic push rod 14 is electrically connected to the controller 2. The telescopic end of the electromagnetic push rod 14 is located directly below the positioning sleeve 3. The electromagnetic push rod 14 is connected to the worktable 1 by the second elastic element 15. After processing, the workpiece can be automatically ejected to achieve automatic unloading and improve the level of production automation.

[0024] like Figure 1 As shown, it also includes foot pads 16. Multiple foot pads 16 are provided at the bottom of the workbench 1 to enhance the stability of the equipment placement and prevent displacement caused by processing vibration.

[0025] In actual use, the user first inserts the bolt to be processed into the positioning sleeve 3 from above. The positioning sleeve 3 plays a preliminary guiding and axial positioning role for the bolt shank, effectively preventing it from tilting or shifting during installation. At this time, multiple wedge-shaped sliders 4 are in the outermost radial position under the elastic restoring force of the first elastic element 6, and the balls 5 on them do not contact the bolt head, ensuring that the workpiece can be smoothly installed.

[0026] Next, the user starts the electric push rod 9 through the controller 2. The electric push rod 9 drives the connecting plate 7 to move upward, which in turn drives the multiple wedge-shaped pressure blocks 8 evenly distributed on it to move upward synchronously. Since the outer inclined surface of the wedge-shaped pressure block 8 is in contact with the inner inclined surface of the wedge-shaped slider 4, as the connecting plate 7 rises, the wedge-shaped pressure block 8 pushes the wedge-shaped slider 4 to slide radially inward along the groove along the inclined surface, thereby driving each ball 5 to move towards the center and gradually contact and press the outer edge of the bolt head. The ball 5 is made of high-hardness bearing steel and the surface is precision ground, which has good smoothness and wear resistance. At the same time, it can roll freely during the clamping process and adapt to the bolt head contours of different geometric shapes such as hexagonal head, round head, countersunk head or square head in a rolling contact manner. While applying force evenly, it achieves automatic centering to ensure that the bolt axis is precisely aligned with the machining center line.

[0027] After the clamping action is completed, the controller 2 automatically issues a command to start the stamping equipment 11, driving the stamping head 12 to press down along the vertical axis, stamping a slotted groove, cross groove, hexagonal groove, or other required drive groove shape on the bolt head. The stamping head 12 of different specifications can be disassembled and replaced, which is convenient for quick switching to meet the processing needs of multiple varieties. After processing is completed, the electric push rod 9 runs in reverse, driving the connecting plate 7 to descend, so that the inclined surface of the wedge-shaped pressure block 8 gradually disengages from the wedge-shaped slider 4. The wedge-shaped slider 4 slides outward and resets under the action of the first elastic element 6, and the ball 5 exits synchronously, and the clamping state is completely released. At this time, the controller 2 triggers the electromagnetic push rod 14 to be energized, and its telescopic end quickly extends upward to push the processed bolt out of the positioning sleeve 3, realizing automatic unloading, which is convenient for operators to quickly pick up the parts. After the electromagnetic push rod 14 is de-energized, its telescopic end automatically retracts and resets under the elastic force of the second elastic element 15, preparing for the next cycle. The whole process is uniformly coordinated by the controller 2 to realize automated, high-precision, and high-efficiency groove processing.

[0028] In this invention, during the stamping operation, the "supporting force" comes from the structural rigidity of the entire tooling and the self-locking characteristic of the wedge mechanism. The stamping head 12 impacts the bolt head downwards, generating a downward force. This downward force attempts to move the bolt downwards, but because the bolt head is clamped from all sides by the wedge slider and balls, this downward tendency immediately transforms into greater friction between the bolt head and the balls / slider. This downward force also acts on the inclined surface of the wedge mechanism, attempting to push the wedge slider outwards, but this action is blocked by the inclined surface of the wedge pressure block. If the wedge angle (the angle between the inclined surface and the horizontal plane) is designed to be small enough, mechanical self-locking will occur. This means that under the action of the stamping force, the wedge slider and the wedge pressure block will "bite" tighter rather than loosen. At this time, the enormous stamping force is absorbed and dispersed by the rigid metal structure of the tooling (worktable, wedge pressure block, wedge slider). The electric actuator only needs to overcome the small frictional force inside the mechanism to maintain the position of the connecting plate, without directly resisting the stamping force.

[0029] Finally, it should be noted that the above specific embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of this utility model and not to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to examples, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solution of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of this utility model, and all such modifications and substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A head slot alignment tooling for a bolt, characterized by: The components include a worktable (1), a controller (2), a positioning sleeve (3), a wedge-shaped slider (4), ball bearings (5), a first elastic element (6), a connecting plate (7), a wedge-shaped pressure block (8), and an electric push rod (9). The controller (2) is installed on the front top of the worktable (1). The positioning sleeve (3) is fixedly connected to the center of the worktable (1). Multiple wedge-shaped sliders (4) are slidably arranged on the upper part of the worktable (1) along the circumference. Ball bearings (5) are provided on the side of the wedge-shaped sliders (4) near the center of the worktable (1). The ball bearings (5) can... It can roll flexibly in any direction. The wedge slider (4) and the worktable (1) are connected by a first elastic element (6). The lower side of the middle part of the worktable (1) is provided with a connecting plate (7) that slides up and down. Multiple wedge-shaped pressure blocks (8) are fixedly connected to the connecting plate (7) along the circumferential direction. The inclined surfaces on the adjacent wedge-shaped pressure blocks (8) and the inclined surfaces of the wedge slider (4) fit together. An electric push rod (9) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the worktable (1). The telescopic end of the electric push rod (9) is connected to the connecting plate (7), and the electric push rod (9) is electrically connected to the controller (2).

2. A head slot alignment tool as claimed in claim 1, wherein: It also includes a connecting frame (10), a stamping device (11) and a stamping head (12). The connecting frame (10) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the worktable (1). The stamping device (11) is fixedly installed on the upper part of the connecting frame (10). The stamping head (12) is slidably connected to the lower part of the stamping device (11). The stamping head (12) has various types and is a detachable structure, which makes it easy to replace punches of different shapes to adapt to various slot processing requirements. The stamping device (11) is electrically connected to the controller (2).

3. A head slot alignment tool as claimed in claim 2, wherein: It also includes a laser emitter (13), which is mounted on one side of the connecting frame (10).

4. A head slot alignment tool as claimed in claim 3, wherein: It also includes an electromagnetic push rod (14) and a second elastic element (15). An electromagnetic push rod (14) is installed at the lower center of the worktable (1). The electromagnetic push rod (14) is electrically connected to the controller (2). The telescopic end of the electromagnetic push rod (14) is located directly below the positioning sleeve (3). A second elastic element (15) is connected between the electromagnetic push rod (14) and the worktable (1).

5. A head slot alignment tool as claimed in claim 4, wherein: It also includes foot pads (16), and the bottom of the workbench (1) is provided with multiple foot pads (16).

6. A head slot alignment tool as claimed in claim 5, wherein: All balls (5) are made of bearing steel.

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