A decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen production system based on electrolyzer cluster control

Abstract

The utility model provides a kind of based on electrolytic cell cluster control's decoupling water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system, it is related to electrolytic cell system technical field.Hydrogen evolution, oxygen evolution two half-reactions are decoupled in space, avoid hydrogen and oxygen cross penetration, reduce explosion risk.Hydrogen and oxygen are produced separately, to improve hydrogen concentration, reduce the purpose of cost.Through electrolytic cell control component and power monitoring component control hydrogen evolution link hydrogen evolution electrolytic cell's working condition, including operating number etc., to adapt to the actual power generation of power generation subsystem, improve the regulating ability of system renewable energy;By introducing reversible oxidation-reduction medium system, realize the space and time decoupling of hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution, so that based on electrolytic cell cluster control's decoupling water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system can be according to the actual power generation of reaction subsystem and actual demand flexible selection hydrogen production or oxygen production process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of electrolyzer system technology, and in particular to a decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control. Background Technology

[0002] Electrolysis of water is the mainstream technology for producing green hydrogen. Currently, common technologies include alkaline water electrolysis (AWE), anion exchange membrane water electrolysis (AEMWE), and proton exchange membrane water electrolysis (PEM), in which hydrogen and oxygen are typically generated simultaneously within the same electrolysis reactor. However, due to the permeability of the membrane, hydrogen-oxygen cross-permeation is inevitable, reducing the purity of the produced hydrogen and posing an explosion risk. Furthermore, it requires high power supply stability, making it difficult to adapt to the intermittent and fluctuating nature of renewable energy sources such as wind and solar power, resulting in insufficient overall system flexibility and low renewable energy utilization. Utility Model Content

[0003] In view of the above problems, this utility model provides a decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen production system based on electrolyzer cluster control. Hydrogen and oxygen are produced separately, increasing hydrogen concentration, reducing costs, lowering explosion risk, and improving overall system flexibility. The specific solution is as follows:

[0004] This invention provides a decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control. The decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control includes an electron generating system and a reaction subsystem, wherein the electron generating system provides working power to the reaction subsystem.

[0005] The reaction subsystem includes: an oxygen evolution electrolyzer, n parallel-arranged hydrogen evolution electrolyzers, n≥2, where n is a positive integer, an electrolyzer control component, and a power monitoring component;

[0006] The oxygen evolution electrolyzer includes a first reaction chamber and a second reaction chamber; the first reaction chamber is used for the oxygen evolution half-reaction, and the second reaction chamber is used for the reduction half-reaction of the redox medium pair;

[0007] The hydrogen evolution electrolyzer includes a third reaction chamber and a fourth reaction chamber; the third reaction chamber is used for hydrogen evolution half-reaction, and the fourth reaction chamber is used for oxidation half-reaction of redox media pair;

[0008] The second reaction chamber includes a first output port and a first input port, and the fourth reaction chamber includes a second output port and a second input port;

[0009] The first output port is connected to each of the n second input ports through a first pipe, and the first input port is connected to each of the n second output ports through a second pipe. The first pipe and the second pipe are used to transport redox media.

[0010] The power monitoring component is used to monitor the power generation power of the power generation system;

[0011] The electrolyzer control component is used to control the operating status of the oxygen evolution electrolyzer and n hydrogen evolution electrolyzers based on the power generation of the power generation system.

[0012] Preferably, in the above-mentioned decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control, the first pipeline includes a first main pipeline and n first branch pipelines;

[0013] One end of the first main pipeline is connected to the first output port, one end of each of the n first branch pipelines is connected to one of the n different locations of the first main pipeline, and the other end of each of the n first branch pipelines is connected to one of the n second input ports.

[0014] Preferably, in the above-mentioned decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control, a three-way valve is installed at the connection position between the first branch pipeline and the first main pipeline.

[0015] Preferably, in the above-mentioned decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control, a pump is installed at the position of the first main pipeline near the first output port.

[0016] Preferably, in the above-mentioned decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control, the pump is a peristaltic pump.

[0017] Preferably, in the above-mentioned decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control, the second pipeline includes a second main pipeline and n second branch pipelines;

[0018] One end of the second main pipe is connected to the first input port, one end of each of the n second branch pipes is connected to one of the n different locations of the second main pipe, and the other end of each of the n second branch pipes is connected to one of the n second output ports.

[0019] Preferably, in the above-mentioned decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control, the oxygen evolution electrolyzer is an H-type electrolyzer.

[0020] Preferably, in the above-mentioned decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control, the hydrogen evolution electrolyzer is a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer or an anion exchange membrane electrolyzer.

[0021] Preferably, in the above-mentioned decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control, the power generation system includes a photovoltaic power generation module, a wind power generation module, or a grid-connected power generation module of the photovoltaic power generation module and the wind power generation module.

[0022] Preferably, in the above-mentioned decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control, when the hydrogen evolution electrolyzer is a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, the hydrogen evolution electrolyzer includes:

[0023] The first end plate, the first electrode plate, the first flow field plate, the first gas diffusion layer, the membrane electrode assembly, the second gas diffusion layer, the second flow field plate, the second electrode plate, and the second end plate are arranged sequentially.

[0024] By employing the above technical solution, this utility model provides a decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen production system based on electrolyzer cluster control. This system spatially decouples the hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution half-reactions, avoiding cross-permeation of hydrogen and oxygen and reducing the risk of explosion. Hydrogen and oxygen are produced separately, achieving the goal of increasing hydrogen production concentration and reducing gas separation costs. The operating status of the hydrogen evolution electrolyzers in the hydrogen evolution stage, including the number of operating cells, is controlled by electrolyzer control components and power monitoring components to adapt to the actual power generation of the power generation system, improving the system's renewable energy regulation capability. Optionally, when the power generation system is renewable energy, if the power generation of renewable energy (wind, photovoltaic, etc.) is low, only the oxygen evolution electrolyzer is maintained to carry out the oxygen evolution reaction and maintain the redox medium circulation; if the power generation of renewable energy is high, the number of operating hydrogen evolution electrolyzers in the hydrogen evolution stage is determined according to the power generation of renewable energy. Simultaneously, to prevent performance degradation caused by prolonged operation of a single hydrogen evolution electrolyzer, a sequential control method is used to balance the operating time of each hydrogen evolution electrolyzer, extending the overall lifespan of the decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen production system based on electrolyzer cluster control. By introducing a reversible redox medium system, the spatial and temporal decoupling of hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution is achieved, enabling the decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen production system based on electrolyzer cluster control to flexibly select the hydrogen or oxygen production process according to the actual power generation of the reaction subsystem and actual needs. Attached Figure Description

[0025] The above and other features, advantages, and aspects of the embodiments of this disclosure will become more apparent from the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description. Throughout the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements. It should be understood that the drawings are schematic, and the originals and elements are not necessarily drawn to scale.

[0026] Figure 1A schematic diagram of a decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control is provided for an embodiment of this utility model;

[0027] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0028] The embodiments of this utility model are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The terminology used in the embodiments section of this utility model is only for explaining specific embodiments and is not intended to limit the utility model. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, with the development of technology and the emergence of new scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this utility model are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0029] One existing technical solution involves using a decoupled hydrocyclone to achieve rapid separation of crude hydrogen from the redox medium, thereby completely decoupling hydrogen generation and oxygen production processes at different reaction sites. Through the cyclic regeneration mechanism of the redox medium, continuous and stable hydrogen generation is achieved within a single reactor, resulting in high-purity and stable product output, suitable for large-scale, long-term operation.

[0030] The existing technical solution 2 isolates the gas by using a partition, and by setting a nickel hydroxide layer and a nickel hydroxyl oxide layer on both sides of the partition, the positive and negative electrodes of the power supply are switched through the two electrodes, so that hydrogen and oxygen can be produced simultaneously in different spaces within a single device system.

[0031] However, the applicant discovered the following defects in the existing technology:

[0032] (1) Hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution are carried out in the same electrolytic cell, which poses a safety and purity risk.

[0033] Specifically, in traditional electrolyzers, hydrogen and oxygen are generated within the same cell, and cross-permeation of gases through the diaphragm or electrolyte is unavoidable, posing an explosion risk. Furthermore, as the electrolyzer operates for longer periods, diaphragm aging and inadequate sealing further exacerbate this risk. Simultaneously, the product gases (hydrogen and oxygen) are difficult to completely separate, reducing hydrogen purity and potentially causing safety hazards. Additional gas purification and separation processes increase process complexity and cost.

[0034] (2) Existing electrolysis systems are difficult to match the fluctuations of renewable energy and have poor load regulation capabilities.

[0035] Specifically, traditional electrolyzers require a stable power input, making them ill-suited to the intermittent and fluctuating nature of renewable energy sources (wind and solar). When an electrolyzer is directly connected to renewable energy sources, it is highly susceptible to load surges, efficiency drops, and even equipment damage. Furthermore, electrolyzers themselves lack energy storage capabilities, operating only in a "just-in-time power supply - just-in-time hydrogen production" mode, unable to convert surplus electrical energy into electrochemical energy storage for regulation and utilization. This results in insufficient overall system flexibility and low renewable energy utilization rates.

[0036] (3) Existing electrolysis systems cannot achieve flexible control of hydrogen and oxygen production and temporary energy storage.

[0037] Specifically, in existing water electrolysis systems, hydrogen and oxygen evolution processes must be carried out simultaneously. The production of hydrogen and oxygen is limited by the electrolysis reaction ratio and cannot be flexibly adjusted according to energy supply or demand. Therefore, when renewable energy output is insufficient, the entire system must shut down, making it difficult to operate the oxygen or hydrogen evolution stages independently.

[0038] Based on this, this invention provides a decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen production system based on electrolyzer cluster control. This system spatially decouples the hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution half-reactions, preventing cross-permeation of hydrogen and oxygen and reducing the risk of explosion. Producing hydrogen and oxygen separately increases hydrogen concentration and reduces costs.

[0039] By controlling the number of hydrogen evolution electrolyzers operating in the hydrogen evolution stage, the system can adapt to renewable energy sources (wind, solar, etc.) and improve its renewable energy regulation capability. For example, when the power generation of renewable energy is low, only the oxygen evolution electrolyzer is maintained to carry out the oxygen evolution reaction and maintain the redox medium circulation. When the power generation of renewable energy is high, the number of hydrogen evolution electrolyzers operating in the hydrogen evolution stage is determined according to the power generation of renewable energy. Simultaneously, to prevent performance degradation caused by prolonged operation of a single hydrogen evolution electrolyzer, a sequential control method is used to balance the operating time of each hydrogen evolution electrolyzer, extending the overall lifespan of the decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control.

[0040] By introducing a reversible redox medium system, the spatial and temporal decoupling of hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution is achieved, enabling the decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen production system based on electrolyzer cluster control to flexibly select the hydrogen or oxygen production process according to the power generation capacity of renewable energy (wind power, photovoltaic) and actual needs.

[0041] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0042] It should be noted that the directional terms appearing in this utility model are based on the relative positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and should not be taken as absolute limitations on this utility model.

[0043] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control, provided as an embodiment of the present invention. The decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control provided in this embodiment includes: an electron-generating system 11 and a reaction subsystem 12. The electron-generating system 11 provides operating power to the reaction subsystem 12, i.e., the electron-generating system 11 supplies power to the reaction subsystem 12.

[0044] Optionally, the power generation system 11 includes photovoltaic power generation modules, wind power generation modules, or grid-connected power generation modules consisting of the photovoltaic power generation modules and the wind power generation modules. The power generation system 11 and the reaction subsystem 12 are electrically connected through a grid interface. The photovoltaic power generation modules include, but are not limited to, solar photovoltaic arrays, and the wind power generation modules include, but are not limited to, wind turbine generators.

[0045] The reaction subsystem 12 includes: an oxygen evolution electrolyzer 13, n parallel-arranged hydrogen evolution electrolyzers 14, where n ≥ 2 and n is a positive integer, an electrolyzer control component, and a power monitoring component. It should be noted that... Figure 1 The diagram does not show the electrolytic cell control components and power monitoring components.

[0046] The oxygen evolution electrolyzer 13 includes a first reaction chamber 131 and a second reaction chamber 132; the first reaction chamber 131 is used for the oxygen evolution half-reaction, and the second reaction chamber 132 is used for the reduction half-reaction of the redox medium pair. Optionally, the oxygen evolution electrolyzer 13 is an H-type electrolyzer. It should be noted that the first reaction chamber 131 can be understood as the anode side of the oxygen evolution electrolyzer 13, and the second reaction chamber 132 can be understood as the cathode side of the oxygen evolution electrolyzer 13.

[0047] The hydrogen evolution electrolyzer 14 includes a third reaction chamber 141 and a fourth reaction chamber 142; the third reaction chamber 141 is used for the hydrogen evolution half-reaction, and the fourth reaction chamber 142 is used for the oxidation half-reaction of the redox medium pair. Optionally, the hydrogen evolution electrolyzer 14 is a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer (PEMEC) or an anion exchange membrane electrolyzer (AEMEC); wherein the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is suitable for acidic systems, and the anion exchange membrane electrolyzer is suitable for alkaline systems. In this embodiment of the present invention, a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is used as an example for illustration, such as... Figure 1As shown, it includes PEMEC1, PEMEC2, ..., PEMEC n It should be noted that the third reaction chamber 141 can be understood as the cathode side of the hydrogen evolution electrolyzer 14, and the fourth reaction chamber 142 can be understood as the anode side of the hydrogen evolution electrolyzer 14.

[0048] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer provided in an embodiment of the present invention. When the hydrogen evolution electrolyzer 14 is a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, the hydrogen evolution electrolyzer 14 includes:

[0049] The first end plate 15, the first electrode plate 16, the first flow field plate 17, the first gas diffusion layer 18, the membrane electrode assembly 19, the second gas diffusion layer 20, the second flow field plate 21, the second electrode plate 22, and the second end plate 23 are arranged sequentially.

[0050] The membrane electrode assembly 19 consists of anode and cathode catalysts and a membrane.

[0051] The second reaction chamber 132 includes a first output port and a first input port, and the fourth reaction chamber 142 includes a second output port and a second input port.

[0052] The first output port is connected to each of the n second input ports through a first pipe, and the first input port is connected to each of the n second output ports through a second pipe. The first pipe and the second pipe are used to transport redox media.

[0053] Optionally, the second pipeline includes a second main pipeline and n second branch pipelines.

[0054] One end of the second main pipe is connected to the first input port, one end of each of the n second branch pipes is connected to one of the n different locations of the second main pipe, and the other end of each of the n second branch pipes is connected to one of the n second output ports.

[0055] Optionally, the first pipeline includes a first main pipeline and n first branch pipelines.

[0056] One end of the first main pipeline is connected to the first output port, one end of each of the n first branch pipelines is connected to one of the n different locations of the first main pipeline, and the other end of each of the n first branch pipelines is connected to one of the n second input ports.

[0057] Optionally, a three-way valve 24 is installed at the connection point between the first branch pipe and the first main pipe. By controlling the working state of the three-way valve 24, the oxidation-reduction medium can be circulated between different hydrogen evolution electrolyzers 14 and oxygen evolution electrolyzers 13.

[0058] Optionally, a pump 25 is installed near the first output port of the first main pipeline. The pump 25 includes, but is not limited to, a peristaltic pump, thereby providing power for the circulation of the redox medium and also realizing functions such as flow monitoring and flow control.

[0059] In summary, the oxygen evolution electrolyzer 13 and the n parallel hydrogen evolution electrolyzers 14 form a complete water electrolysis decoupling system through the circulation of redox media. The oxygen evolution electrolyzer 13 is used to realize the oxygen evolution reaction, and the hydrogen evolution electrolyzer 14 is used to realize the hydrogen evolution reaction.

[0060] The power monitoring component is used to monitor the power generation of the power generation system 11. Optionally, the power monitoring component includes, but is not limited to, a PDM (Power Detection Module) component.

[0061] The electrolyzer control component is used to control the operating status of the oxygen evolution electrolyzer 13 and the n hydrogen evolution electrolyzers 14 according to the power generation of the power generation system 11. Optionally, the electrolyzer control component includes, but is not limited to, an ECM (Electrolysis Cell Control Module) component.

[0062] The following describes the working process of a decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control in an acidic system:

[0063] (1) Decoupling the water electrolysis process

[0064] Hydrogen evolution stage: The hydrogen evolution half-reaction (4H+) occurs in the third reaction chamber 141 of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer. + +4e - →2H2), the oxidation half-reaction of the redox medium pair (4M-4e) occurs in the fourth reaction chamber 142 of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer. - →4M + The redox medium is pumped from the oxygen evolution electrolyzer 13 into the anode side of the hydrogen evolution electrolyzer 14 via a peristaltic pump; simultaneously, H... + Hydrogen permeates through the proton exchange membrane to the cathode side of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, where it undergoes the hydrogen evolution half-reaction. The overall reaction of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is: 4M + 4H⁺ + →4M + +2H2.

[0065] Oxygen evolution stage: In the first reaction chamber 131 of the oxygen evolution electrolyzer 13, the oxygen evolution half-reaction (2H2O-4e) occurs. - →O2+4H + In the second reaction chamber 132 of the oxygen evolution electrolyzer 13, a reduction half-reaction of the redox medium pair occurs (4M).+ + 4e - →4M). The overall reaction of the oxygen evolution electrolyzer 13 is: 4M + +2H2O→4M+O2+4H + .

[0066] Wherein, the redox mediator pair is required to have a redox potential between HER and OER, reversible redox reaction without by-products, high solubility, stable electrochemical performance, and high recyclability. VO2 + / VO 2+ , V 2+ / V 3+ and other acidic substances can be selected, and polysulfide (S x 2− / S x+1 2− ), quinone (p-benzoquinone, chlorobenzoquinone) and other alkaline substances can also be selected; correspondingly, corresponding catalysts and electrolytes are selected.

[0067] (2) Redox mediator circulation step

[0068] The redox mediator circulates between the cathode side of the oxygen evolution electrolyzer 13 and the anode side of the hydrogen evolution electrolyzer 14. During this process, the redox mediator pair completes the oxidized state-reduced state cycle, the overall reaction of the system is: 2H2O→2H2+O2, and the mass of the redox mediator remains unchanged.

[0069] (3) Power supply step

[0070] The power supply of the decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control provided by the present utility model adopts a power generation sub-system 11 composed of grid-connected power generation components including photovoltaic power generation components and wind power generation components, that is, a wind-solar complementary grid-connected power generation sub-system. It is defined that when the power generation power P(t) of the wind-solar complementary grid-connected power generation sub-system is less than the minimum power P_min required to maintain the normal operation of the oxygen evolution step, it indicates that the power generation power of the wind-solar complementary grid-connected power generation sub-system is low; when P(t) is greater than or equal to P_min, it indicates that the power generation power of the wind-solar complementary grid-connected power generation sub-system is high. The rated operating power of each hydrogen evolution electrolyzer 14 is defined as P_cell.

[0071] When the power generation power of the wind-solar complementary grid-connected power generation sub-system is low, that is, P(t)<P_min, the decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control provided by the present utility model only maintains the operation of the oxygen evolution electrolyzer to carry out the oxygen evolution reaction, convert the redox mediator into the reduced state, reserve reactants for the subsequent hydrogen evolution stage, and maintain the circulation of the redox mediator. At this time, the hydrogen evolution electrolyzer cluster is in a standby state and does not perform the hydrogen evolution reaction.

[0072] When the power generation of the wind-solar hybrid grid-connected power generation system is relatively high, i.e., P(t) ≥ P_min, the hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution half-reactions occur simultaneously. The number of operating hydrogen evolution electrolyzers 14 in the hydrogen evolution stage is automatically adjusted according to the power generation P(t), thereby achieving energy matching and system stability. The number of operating hydrogen evolution electrolyzers 14 is n(t) = (P(t) - P_min) / P_cell. Simultaneously, to prevent performance degradation caused by prolonged operation of a single hydrogen evolution electrolyzer 14, a sequential control strategy (rotating the start and stop of each hydrogen evolution electrolyzer 14) is adopted to balance the operating time of each hydrogen evolution electrolyzer 14. The cumulative operating time of each hydrogen evolution electrolyzer 14 is recorded. When the power generation P(t) increases, the hydrogen evolution electrolyzer 14 with the shorter cumulative operating time is prioritized for startup; when the power generation P(t) decreases, the hydrogen evolution electrolyzer 14 with the longer cumulative operating time is prioritized for shutdown, thereby achieving balanced operation and extending the overall lifespan of the hydrogen evolution electrolyzer cluster.

[0073] It should be noted that the control logic of the above method is based on the electrolytic cell control component and power monitoring component combined with other components. Furthermore, it should be noted that the control logic of the method involved in this utility model does not involve any innovation and can be implemented using mature existing technologies.

[0074] As described above, this utility model provides a decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen production system based on electrolyzer cluster control. This system spatially decouples the hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution half-reactions, preventing cross-permeation of hydrogen and oxygen and reducing the risk of explosion. Producing hydrogen and oxygen separately increases hydrogen concentration and reduces costs.

[0075] By controlling the number of hydrogen evolution electrolyzers 14 operating in the hydrogen evolution stage, the system adapts to renewable energy sources (wind and solar power) and improves its renewable energy regulation capability. For example, when the power generation of renewable energy sources (wind and solar power) is low, only the oxygen evolution electrolyzer 13 is maintained to carry out the oxygen evolution reaction and maintain the redox medium circulation. When the power generation of renewable energy sources (wind and solar power) is high, the number of hydrogen evolution electrolyzers 14 operating in the hydrogen evolution stage is determined according to the power generation of renewable energy sources (wind and solar power). At the same time, to prevent the performance degradation caused by the long-term operation of a single hydrogen evolution electrolyzer 14, a sequential control method is adopted to balance the operating time of each hydrogen evolution electrolyzer 14 and extend the overall lifespan of the decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control.

[0076] By introducing a reversible redox medium system, the spatial and temporal decoupling of hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution is achieved, enabling the decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen production system based on electrolyzer cluster control to flexibly select the hydrogen or oxygen production process according to the power generation capacity of renewable energy (wind power, photovoltaic) and actual needs.

[0077] The working process of the decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control provided by this utility model will be described below with two specific embodiments. Specific Implementation Example 1:

[0079] With VO2 + / VO 2+ For example, the redox medium is a mixture of VOSO4 and H2SO4 (1.5M H2SO4 and 2M VOSO4); the anode electrolyte of the oxygen evolution electrolyzer 13 is H2SO4 (1.5M), with an IrO2-coated titanium electrode; the cathode electrode of the oxygen evolution electrolyzer 13 is a carbon felt electrode; the MEA cathode catalyst of the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is Pt / C, and the anode is conductive carbon black. The diaphragm is a Nafion-117 proton exchange membrane.

[0080] At this time, the reaction occurring in oxygen evolution electrolyzer 13 is as follows:

[0081] Cathode side: 4VO2 + +4e - +8H + →4VO 2+ +4H2O;

[0082] Anode side: 2H₂O - 4e - →O2+4H + ;

[0083] The overall reaction occurring in oxygen evolution electrolyzer 13 is: 4VO2 + +4H + →4VO 2+ +O2+2H2O.

[0084] The reactions that occur in a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer are as follows:

[0085] Cathode side: 4H + +4e - →2H2;

[0086] Anode side: 4VO 2+ -4e - +4H2O→4VO2 + +8H + ;

[0087] The overall reaction occurring in the proton exchange membrane electrolyzer is: 4VO 2+ +4H2O→4VO2 + +4H + +2H2. Specific Implementation Example 2:

[0089] The decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control provided by this invention is replaced with an alkaline system. Taking quinone (BQ) as an example, the redox medium is a mixture of DQ and KOH (1.2M KOH and 0.1M BQ); the electrolyte on the anode side of the oxygen evolution electrolyzer 13 is KOH (1.2M), with a foamed nickel electrode; the cathode side of the oxygen evolution electrolyzer 13 is a glassy carbon electrode; the MEA cathode catalyst of AEMEC is nickel, and the anode is graphite. The membrane is a polyethersulfone porous membrane.

[0090] At this time, the reaction occurring in oxygen evolution electrolyzer 13 is as follows:

[0091] Cathode side: 2BQ + 4H₂O + 4e - →2H₂BQ + 4OH⁻ - ;

[0092] Anode side: 4OH- -4e - →O2+2H2O;

[0093] The overall reaction occurring in oxygen evolution electrolysis cell 13 is: 2BQ + 2H2O → 2H2BQ + O2.

[0094] The reaction that occurs in AEMEC is as follows:

[0095] Cathode side: 4H₂O + 4e - →2H₂ + 4OH⁻;

[0096] Anode side: 2H₂BQ + 4OH⁻ - -4e - →2BQ+4H2O;

[0097] The overall reaction of AEMEC is: 2H2BQ → 2H2 + 2BQ.

[0098] As can be seen from the above description, the decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control provided by this utility model embodiment has the following advantages:

[0099] Advantage 1: Improved system safety and hydrogen production purity.

[0100] Specifically, hydrogen and oxygen are generated in different spaces, which decouples the hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution spaces, theoretically eliminating the risk of explosion due to cross-mixing of hydrogen and oxygen and improving the purity of hydrogen production.

[0101] Advantage 2: Improves the system's ability to regulate renewable energy.

[0102] The number of hydrogen evolution electrolyzers 14 operating in the hydrogen evolution stage can be determined based on the wind and solar power output (i.e., power generation). In other words, the hydrogen evolution stage employs a cluster of hydrogen evolution electrolyzers, with the number of operating electrolyzers 14 determined by the wind and solar power output. The operating status is controlled by a three-way valve in the redox medium circulation stage, improving adaptability and regulation to the fluctuations in renewable energy. For example, when the power generation of renewable energy (wind, solar, etc.) is low, only the oxygen evolution electrolyzer 13 is maintained to carry out the oxygen evolution reaction and maintain the redox medium circulation. When the power generation of renewable energy is high, the number of operating hydrogen evolution electrolyzers 14 in the hydrogen evolution stage is determined based on the magnitude of the renewable energy power generation. Simultaneously, to prevent performance degradation caused by prolonged operation of a single hydrogen evolution electrolyzer 14, a sequential control method is used to balance the operating time of each hydrogen evolution electrolyzer 14, extending the overall lifespan of the decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control. By introducing a reversible redox medium system, the spatial and temporal decoupling of hydrogen evolution and oxygen evolution is achieved, enabling the decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen production system based on electrolyzer cluster control to flexibly select the hydrogen or oxygen production process according to the actual power generation of the reaction subsystem and actual needs.

[0103] Advantage 3: The introduction of a redox medium acts as an energy buffer and decoupling medium, achieving temporal and spatial decoupling of hydrogen and oxygen evolution. It allows for flexible selection of hydrogen or oxygen production based on wind and solar power output and demand, enabling flexible control of hydrogen and oxygen production.

[0104] Advantage 4: The decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control provided in this embodiment is suitable for both acidic and alkaline systems and can be adjusted according to actual application conditions.

[0105] It should be noted that the technical solution of this utility model relates to an architectural improvement of a decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control, and does not include any improvements to methods, processes, control logic, software programs, or operating procedures. The electrolyzer control components and power monitoring components can all be implemented using existing mature components, and their specific control logic can all be implemented using mature existing technologies.

[0106] The above provides a detailed description of the decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control provided by this utility model. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principle and implementation of this utility model. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the method and core idea of ​​this utility model. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, there will be changes in the specific implementation and application scope based on the idea of ​​this utility model. Therefore, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of this utility model.

[0107] It should be noted that each embodiment in this specification focuses on the differences from other embodiments, and the same or similar parts between the embodiments can be referred to each other.

[0108] It should also be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that elements inherent to a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements, or elements inherent to such processes, methods, articles, or apparatus, are also included. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0109] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control, characterized in that, The decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control includes: an electron-generating system and a reaction subsystem, wherein the electron-generating system provides power to the reaction subsystem. The reaction subsystem includes: an oxygen evolution electrolyzer, n parallel-arranged hydrogen evolution electrolyzers, n≥2, where n is a positive integer, an electrolyzer control component, and a power monitoring component; The oxygen evolution electrolyzer includes a first reaction chamber and a second reaction chamber; the first reaction chamber is used for the oxygen evolution half-reaction, and the second reaction chamber is used for the reduction half-reaction of the redox medium pair; The hydrogen evolution electrolyzer includes a third reaction chamber and a fourth reaction chamber; the third reaction chamber is used for hydrogen evolution half-reaction, and the fourth reaction chamber is used for oxidation half-reaction of redox media pair; The second reaction chamber includes a first output port and a first input port, and the fourth reaction chamber includes a second output port and a second input port; The first output port is connected to each of the n second input ports through a first pipe, and the first input port is connected to each of the n second output ports through a second pipe. The first pipe and the second pipe are used to transport redox media. The power monitoring component is used to monitor the power generation power of the power generation system; The electrolyzer control component is used to control the operating status of the oxygen evolution electrolyzer and n hydrogen evolution electrolyzers based on the power generation of the power generation system.

2. The decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first pipeline includes a first main pipeline and n first branch pipelines; One end of the first main pipeline is connected to the first output port, one end of each of the n first branch pipelines is connected to one of the n different locations of the first main pipeline, and the other end of each of the n first branch pipelines is connected to one of the n second input ports.

3. The decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control according to claim 2, characterized in that, A three-way valve is installed at the connection point between the first branch pipeline and the first main pipeline.

4. The decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control according to claim 2, characterized in that, A pump is installed near the first outlet of the first main pipeline.

5. The decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control according to claim 4, characterized in that, The pump is a peristaltic pump.

6. The decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second pipeline includes a second main pipeline and n second branch pipelines; One end of the second main pipe is connected to the first input port, one end of each of the n second branch pipes is connected to one of the n different locations of the second main pipe, and the other end of each of the n second branch pipes is connected to one of the n second output ports.

7. The decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The oxygen evolution electrolyzer is an H-type electrolyzer.

8. The decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The hydrogen evolution electrolyzer is a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer or an anion exchange membrane electrolyzer.

9. The decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power generation system includes photovoltaic power generation components, wind power generation components, or grid-connected power generation components of the photovoltaic power generation components and the wind power generation components.

10. The decoupled water electrolysis green hydrogen preparation system based on electrolyzer cluster control according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the hydrogen evolution electrolyzer is a proton exchange membrane electrolyzer, the hydrogen evolution electrolyzer includes: The first end plate, the first electrode plate, the first flow field plate, the first gas diffusion layer, the membrane electrode assembly, the second gas diffusion layer, the second flow field plate, the second electrode plate, and the second end plate are arranged sequentially.

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