An external cooling device for a gearbox of a construction machine

Abstract

The utility model relates to engineering machinery auxiliary equipment technical field discloses a kind of engineering machinery gearbox external cooling device, including mainframe, gearbox, mounting bracket, filter core assembly, electronic pump, cooling pipeline and radiator, mounting bracket fixes filter core assembly and electronic pump in the outside of mainframe, cooling pipeline is sequentially communicated gearbox, electronic pump, filter core assembly and radiator by sealing joint and forms closed loop, filter core assembly side wall is equipped with differential pressure sensor, inside integrated bypass valve, pipeline interface is equipped with visual leak detection piece.The utility model passes through external modularization design, solved the existing built-in system maintenance disassembly complicated problem, realized without disassembling machine can be conveniently maintained, simultaneously using differential pressure monitoring and bypass mechanism guarantee circulation not to be interrupted, and through visual detection, leakage hidden danger is found in time, effectively prolongs gearbox service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of auxiliary equipment technology for engineering machinery, and in particular to an external cooling device for the gearbox of engineering machinery. Background Technology

[0002] During prolonged high-load operation, the transmission, as the core component of power transmission, experiences a significant increase in internal oil temperature over time. Excessive oil temperature not only leads to a decrease in lubricating oil viscosity, causing oil film rupture and accelerating wear on gears and bearings, but can also cause seal aging and failure, resulting in transmission malfunction and shutdown. Therefore, configuring an efficient and reliable cooling system is crucial for ensuring the stable operation of construction machinery.

[0003] However, most existing engineering machinery transmission cooling systems employ a built-in design, integrating components such as the oil pump and filter inside the transmission housing. While this design is compact, it reveals significant maintenance shortcomings in practical applications. When the internal filter becomes clogged and needs replacement, or when the built-in oil pump malfunctions, maintenance personnel often need to disassemble the entire transmission housing or even hoist the transmission assembly to reach the fault. This is not only cumbersome and time-consuming but also significantly increases downtime maintenance costs. Furthermore, the built-in design prevents operators from visually monitoring the degree of filter clogging and the sealing status of internal pipelines while the equipment is running, often resulting in reactive repairs after a failure occurs, lacking effective preventative maintenance methods.

[0004] Therefore, this utility model proposes an external cooling device for engineering machinery gearboxes to address the shortcomings of existing technologies. Utility Model Content

[0005] To overcome the above shortcomings, this utility model provides an external cooling device for engineering machinery gearboxes, aiming to improve the problems of difficult maintenance and disassembly, inability to monitor filter blockage in real time, and difficulty in visually inspecting pipeline leakage risks in the existing technology of built-in cooling systems for engineering machinery gearboxes.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: an external cooling device for a transmission of engineering machinery, comprising a main frame and a transmission fixedly connected to the main frame; it also includes a mounting bracket, a filter assembly, an electronic pump, cooling pipes, and a radiator; The mounting bracket securely connects the filter assembly and the electronic pump to the main frame. Sealing joints are provided at both ends of the cooling pipes, which sequentially connect the gearbox, the electronic pump, the filter assembly, and the radiator through these joints, forming a closed cooling loop. A differential pressure sensor is installed on the side wall of the filter assembly, and a bypass valve is installed inside the filter assembly. A leak detection device is installed at the cooling pipe interface. The electronic pump is configured to extract coolant from the gearbox and deliver it to the filter assembly. This independent, external layout exposes all functional components completely to the outside of the gearbox, forming a functional closed loop through pipe connections, thus completely avoiding the need for disassembly of the gearbox itself. Preferably, the filter assembly has a main filtration channel and a bypass channel inside. The bypass valve is installed in the bypass channel. The bypass valve includes a valve body and an elastic reset member. When the pressure difference in the main filtration channel is lower than a preset value, the elastic reset member drives the valve body to close the bypass channel. This parallel flow channel design ensures that the fluid can automatically switch paths when the filter is severely clogged, ensuring uninterrupted circulation. Preferably, the differential pressure sensor has a high-pressure detection end and a low-pressure detection end. The high-pressure detection end is connected to the liquid inlet side of the filter element assembly, and the low-pressure detection end is connected to the liquid outlet side of the filter element assembly, so as to monitor the pressure difference before and after the filter element assembly in real time. This structure realizes digital monitoring of the filter element's operating condition, which facilitates timely judgment on whether maintenance is required. Preferably, the leakage detection device includes a transparent observation component connected in series at the interface of the cooling pipe. The bottom of the transparent observation component is provided with a liquid collection tank for visually monitoring the sealing status of the cooling pipe. The visualization design allows even minor leaks to be detected in time, while the liquid collection tank prevents the spread of leaked liquid. Preferably, the electronic pump is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket via a detachable flange structure, and the inlet of the electronic pump is connected to the outlet of the gearbox via the cooling pipe, and the outlet of the electronic pump is connected to the inlet of the filter assembly. The flange structure facilitates quick replacement of pump bodies of different specifications for different operating conditions. Preferably, the radiator is fixedly installed on the part of the main frame located above the gearbox. The radiator includes a heat dissipation core and an outer frame. The heat dissipation core is provided with heat dissipation channels for heat dissipation, making reasonable use of the upper space for heat dissipation and improving space utilization. Preferably, the sealing joint includes a joint body and a sealing ring sleeved on the joint body. The joint body is locked and fixed to the port of the gearbox or the radiator through a threaded structure, which enhances the reliability and sealing of the pipeline connection. Preferably, the mounting bracket has an L-shaped plate structure, which includes a vertical plate surface and a horizontal plate surface. The filter assembly and the electronic pump are fixed side by side on the outer side of the vertical plate surface. The L-shaped structure provides stable support and reasonably avoids other components. Preferably, the cooling pipeline includes a rigid metal pipe section and a flexible hose section. The flexible hose section is used at the connection point of the electronic pump to adapt to vibration. The flexible transition design effectively absorbs the vibration energy of the pump body during operation and protects the rigid interface.

[0007] This utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. This utility model uses an external modular installation structure to independently fix the filter assembly and electronic pump to the outside of the main frame using mounting brackets, and connects the various components in series through cooling pipes to form a closed loop. This solves the problem of cumbersome disassembly and assembly and difficult maintenance of the built-in cooling system of the existing engineering machinery gearbox. It achieves the technical effect of conveniently completing the installation, inspection and replacement of the cooling system and components without disassembling the gearbox, significantly reducing maintenance costs and shortening downtime.

[0008] 2. This utility model solves the problems of existing technologies being unable to monitor the filter element blockage status in real time and the easy interruption of circulation or pipe rupture after the filter element is blocked by setting a differential pressure sensor on the side wall of the filter element assembly and integrating a bypass valve inside. It achieves the technical effect of real-time warning of the filter element health status and automatically opening the bypass channel to maintain uninterrupted cooling circulation under extreme blockage conditions, thereby effectively protecting the transmission from damage due to overheating caused by oil cut-off.

[0009] 3. This utility model solves the problem in the prior art that small leaks in pipelines are difficult to detect in time and can easily lead to lubrication failure by setting a transparent and visual leak detection device with a liquid collection tank at the key interface of the cooling pipeline. It achieves the technical effect of early warning of pipeline sealing status by visual inspection to detect potential sealing failure in time and collect leaked liquid to prevent environmental pollution. Attached Figure Description

[0010] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of an external cooling device for a gearbox of engineering machinery proposed in this utility model; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main frame of an external cooling device for a gearbox of engineering machinery proposed in this utility model; Figure 3 for Figure 1 Enlarged view of point A in the image; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a radiator for an external cooling device for a gearbox of engineering machinery, as proposed in this utility model.

[0011] Legend: 1. Mounting bracket; 2. Filter assembly; 201. Differential pressure sensor; 202. Bypass valve; 3. Electric pump; 4. Cooling piping; 401. Sealing joint; 402. Leak detection device; 5. Radiator; 6. Gearbox; 7. Main frame. Detailed Implementation

[0012] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0013] Reference Figures 1-4 The present invention provides an embodiment of an external cooling device for a transmission of engineering machinery, which is constructed on the main frame 7. The main frame 7 serves as the basic load-bearing skeleton of the engineering machinery and is used to support various functional components. The transmission 6 is fixedly connected to the chassis area of ​​the main frame 7 by high-strength bolts and serves as a heat source to be cooled. To enable independent maintenance and modular management of the cooling system, the device is equipped with a mounting bracket 1. The mounting bracket 1 is firmly fixed to the side wall of the main frame 7 located on the side of the gearbox 6 by bolts, and plays an integrated load-bearing role. The mounting bracket 1 adopts an L-shaped plate structure design, which specifically includes a vertical plate surface and a horizontal plate surface. It utilizes the space on the side of the main frame 7 to avoid interfering with the power output shaft system of the gearbox 6. The filter assembly 2 and the electric pump 3 are not scattered, but are fixed to the outside of the vertical plate surface of the mounting bracket 1 by bolts, so that the filter assembly 2 and the electric pump 3 are completely exposed to the outside of the gearbox 6, making it easy for maintenance personnel to directly access them for replacement or maintenance operations. The radiator 5 is fixedly installed on the main frame 7 above the gearbox 6, making use of the upper space. The radiator 5 includes a heat dissipation core and a mounting frame fixed to the periphery of the heat dissipation core. The mounting frame is fixedly connected to the crossbeam structure of the main frame 7 by bolts. The heat dissipation core has a heat dissipation channel for heat dissipation, which can quickly cool the coolant flowing through it by using the ambient wind or auxiliary fan. Cooling pipe 4 serves as a fluid transport carrier connecting various components. Through sealing joints 401 at both ends, it connects the dispersed components. Cooling pipe 4 sequentially connects the gearbox 6, electric pump 3, filter assembly 2, and radiator 5 through sealing joints 401, thereby forming a complete closed cooling loop outside the main frame 7. Cooling pipe 4 includes an oil inlet pipe section, an intermediate pipe section, and an oil return pipe section. One end of the oil inlet pipe section is connected to the oil outlet at the bottom of the gearbox 6, and the other end is connected to the liquid inlet of the electric pump 3. The liquid outlet of the electric pump 3 is connected to the liquid inlet of the filter assembly 2 through the pipe. The liquid outlet of the filter assembly 2 is connected to the liquid inlet of the radiator 5 through the intermediate pipe section. Finally, the liquid outlet of the radiator 5 flows back to the oil inlet of the gearbox 6 through the oil return pipe section. The electric pump 3 is configured as a power source in this loop, responsible for continuously drawing out the heated coolant in the gearbox 6 and delivering it to the filter assembly 2 for subsequent purification and cooling. The external cooling device for the gearbox of this engineering machinery is also fixedly connected to a differential pressure sensor 201 on the side wall of the filter assembly 2. At the same time, a bypass valve 202 is integrated inside the filter assembly 2. These two key components together with the filter assembly 2 constitute a fluid purification unit. The filter assembly 2 is not a traditional single-channel structure. It not only has a main filter channel for normal filtration operation, but also a spare bypass channel in parallel. The bypass valve 202 is installed in the bypass channel. The specific structure of the bypass valve 202 includes a valve body and an elastic reset member. Under the action of the elastic reset member, the valve body normally keeps the bypass channel closed, forcing the coolant to flow preferentially through the filter medium in the main filter channel. The differential pressure sensor 201 is precisely mounted on the outer wall of the filter element assembly 2. It has two detection ends, namely a high pressure detection end and a low pressure detection end. These two detection ends extend into the interior through preset channels on the housing of the filter element assembly 2. The high pressure detection end is directly connected to the chamber on the liquid inlet side of the filter element assembly 2, and the low pressure detection end is connected to the chamber on the liquid outlet side of the filter element assembly 2. This structural layout enables the differential pressure sensor 201 to capture the pressure difference before and after the filter element in real time. When the filter element gradually becomes clogged due to the adsorption of a large amount of impurities during long-term operation, the pressure on the liquid inlet side will increase significantly, resulting in an increase in the pressure difference. Once the pressure difference exceeds the preset safety threshold, it means that the filter element is severely clogged. At this time, the fluid pressure will overcome the resistance of the elastic reset element in the bypass valve 202 and directly push open the valve body, thereby opening the bypass channel. The coolant will bypass the clogged filter element and continue to flow downstream through the bypass channel. This parallel flow channel design ensures that even under extreme conditions where the filter element completely fails, the cooling circulation loop will not be interrupted, thereby preventing the transmission 6 from being damaged due to overheating caused by oil cut-off. Meanwhile, in order to solve the problem that minor leaks in the pipeline system may be difficult to detect under harsh operating conditions, the device is specially equipped with a leak detection component 402 at the key interface of the cooling pipeline 4. The leak detection component 402 specifically includes a transparent observation component connected in series at the connection interface between the cooling pipeline 4 and the radiator 5. The component has a transparent viewing shell, which makes it easy for maintenance personnel to directly observe the internal fluid status. More importantly, the bottom of the transparent observation component is designed with a liquid collection tank. When the sealing joint 401 of the cooling pipe 4 experiences a slight leak due to aging or loosening, the leaked coolant will not drip directly onto the ground and run away. Instead, it will collect and accumulate in the liquid collection tank at the bottom. Maintenance personnel only need to conduct regular inspections. If liquid is found in the liquid collection tank of the transparent observation component, they can immediately determine that there is a risk of sealing failure at the interface, thereby achieving early warning and visual management of the health status of the pipeline. As a preferred embodiment, in order to ensure the ease of maintenance and the stability of power transmission of the electronic pump 3, the electronic pump 3 is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket 1 by a detachable flange structure. Specifically, the electronic pump 3 includes a pump head and a drive motor connected to the pump head. The pump head is provided with an integrally formed mounting flange, which is fastened to the vertical plate of the mounting bracket 1 by high-strength bolts. This design allows for quick replacement of the pump body with a larger power or repair of a faulty pump body without disassembling the entire mounting bracket 1, only by removing the bolts at the flange. As another preferred embodiment, in order to adapt to the severe vibration environment during the operation of engineering machinery and prevent the pipeline from breaking due to fatigue, the cooling pipeline 4 adopts a combination structure of metal rigid pipe section and flexible hose section. At the fixed part connected to the gearbox 6 and the long-distance conveying section that does not require frequent disassembly, a metal rigid pipe section with strong pressure resistance is used to ensure the stability of the flow channel. At the part connected to the inlet and outlet of the electric pump 3, a flexible hose section made of oil-resistant rubber is specially used for transition connection. The flexible hose section can effectively absorb the small high-frequency vibration generated when the electric pump 3 is working, and avoid the vibration energy being directly transmitted to the rigid metal rigid pipe or radiator 5, thereby protecting the sealing interface of the entire pipeline system from being loosened by vibration. As another preferred embodiment, in order to ensure the sealing reliability of each connection interface under high pressure fluid impact, the two ends of the cooling pipe 4 and all connections with each component are provided with dedicated sealing joints 401. The sealing joint 401 specifically includes a high-strength metal joint body and a sealing ring fitted in the groove of the joint body. The end of the joint body is designed with a standard thread structure, which achieves rigid docking with the corresponding port of the gearbox 6, radiator 5 or filter assembly 2 by rotation locking. The internal sealing ring undergoes elastic deformation under the action of thread locking force, filling the micro gap between the mating surfaces, thereby achieving a zero-leakage static sealing effect. As another preferred embodiment, in order to optimize heat dissipation and save installation space, the mounting frame of the radiator 5 is designed to fit the shape of the crossbeam of the main frame 7. The heat dissipation core adopts a high-efficiency plate-fin structure with staggered heat dissipation channels inside. This structure increases the heat exchange area between the coolant and the outside air, so that the coolant flowing through the radiator 5 can quickly release heat in a shorter path. Combined with external passive air cooling or active fan, it can achieve efficient control of the transmission oil temperature.

[0014] Working principle: During the installation and initialization phase of the device, the mounting bracket utilizes the external space on the side of the main frame to securely suspend the filter assembly and the electric pump on one side of the gearbox. Through the cooling pipes and the sealing joints at both ends, the gearbox, the electric pump, the filter assembly and the radiator are connected in sequence, thereby constructing a closed cooling loop that can operate independently without disassembling the internal structure of the gearbox. After the device is started, the electric pump, as the power source of the system, starts to operate, generating negative pressure to draw out the coolant that has been heated in the gearbox, and delivers it to the filter assembly through the oil inlet section and flexible hose section of the cooling pipeline. After entering the filter assembly, the coolant passes through the main filtration channel under normal conditions. During this process, the filter medium intercepts metal shavings and impurities in the oil, and outputs purified coolant to protect the subsequent circulation system. During this process, the differential pressure sensor fixed to the side monitors the pressure difference between the inlet and outlet sides of the filter assembly in real time. If the filter is working normally, the bypass valve remains closed under the action of the elastic reset element. If the filter is clogged due to the accumulation of impurities after long-term use, causing the monitored pressure difference to exceed the preset safety threshold, the accumulated fluid pressure will overcome the resistance of the elastic reset element inside the bypass valve and automatically open the valve body, thereby opening the bypass channel. The coolant then continues to flow downstream through the bypass channel. This mechanism avoids the risk of circulation interruption or pipeline rupture caused by filter blockage. After filtration or bypass, the coolant continues to flow through the intermediate pipe section to the radiator located above. Inside the radiator, it exchanges heat with the outside air in the heat dissipation channels to achieve rapid cooling. At the same time, the leak detection devices installed at the key interfaces of the cooling pipes continue to play their role. If the interface seal fails, the leaked liquid will be collected in the collection tank at the bottom of the transparent observation component for the operator to visually detect. The cooled low-temperature coolant finally flows back to the transmission through the return oil section to complete a complete cooling cycle, continuously reducing the operating temperature of the transmission and preventing lubrication failure or component wear due to excessive oil temperature. When faced with high-temperature environments or high-load conditions that increase cooling demand, maintenance personnel can directly replace the electric pump with a larger one by disassembling the flange to increase the circulation flow and velocity of the coolant. If any component malfunctions, only the externally exposed electric pump, filter assembly, or cooling pipes need to be replaced, without disassembling the transmission itself. This greatly reduces maintenance costs and extends the service life of the transmission.

Claims

1. An external cooling device for the gearbox of engineering machinery, comprising: Mainframe (7); The gearbox (6) is fixedly connected to the main frame (7); The feature is that it also includes a mounting bracket (1), a filter assembly (2), an electronic pump (3), a cooling pipeline (4), and a radiator (5); Mounting bracket (1) fixes the filter assembly (2) and electronic pump (3) to the main frame (7). The cooling pipe (4) is provided with sealing joints (401) at both ends. The cooling pipe (4) is connected to the gearbox (6), electric pump (3), filter assembly (2) and radiator (5) in sequence through the sealing joints (401) to form a closed cooling loop. A differential pressure sensor (201) is installed on the side wall of the filter assembly (2), and a bypass valve (202) is installed inside the filter assembly (2). A leak detection device (402) is installed at the interface of the cooling pipe (4); The electronic pump (3) is configured to draw coolant from the gearbox (6) and deliver it to the filter assembly (2).

2. The external cooling device for a transmission of engineering machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The filter assembly (2) has a main filtration channel and a bypass channel inside. The bypass valve (202) is installed in the bypass channel. The bypass valve (202) includes a valve body and an elastic reset member. When the pressure difference in the main filtration channel is lower than the preset value, the elastic reset member drives the valve body to close the bypass channel.

3. The external cooling device for a transmission of engineering machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The differential pressure sensor (201) has a high pressure detection end and a low pressure detection end. The high pressure detection end is connected to the liquid inlet side of the filter assembly (2), and the low pressure detection end is connected to the liquid outlet side of the filter assembly (2) to monitor the pressure difference before and after the filter assembly (2) in real time.

4. The external cooling device for a transmission of engineering machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The leak detection component (402) includes a transparent observation component connected in series at the interface of the cooling pipe (4). The bottom of the transparent observation component is provided with a liquid collection tank for visually monitoring the sealing status of the cooling pipe (4).

5. The external cooling device for a transmission of engineering machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electronic pump (3) is fixedly connected to the mounting bracket (1) via a detachable flange structure, and the inlet of the electronic pump (3) is connected to the outlet of the gearbox (6) via a cooling pipe (4), and the outlet of the electronic pump (3) is connected to the inlet of the filter assembly (2).

6. The external cooling device for a transmission of engineering machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The radiator (5) is fixedly installed on the main frame (7) above the gearbox (6). The radiator (5) includes a heat dissipation core and an outer frame. The heat dissipation core has a heat dissipation channel for dissipating heat.

7. An external cooling device for a transmission of engineering machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing joint (401) includes a joint body and a sealing ring sleeved on the joint body. The joint body is locked and fixed to the port of the gearbox (6) or radiator (5) by a threaded structure.

8. The external cooling device for a transmission of engineering machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting bracket (1) has an L-shaped plate structure, which includes a vertical plate surface and a horizontal plate surface. The filter element assembly (2) and the electronic pump (3) are fixed side by side on the outside of the vertical plate surface.

9. An external cooling device for a transmission of engineering machinery according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cooling pipe (4) includes a rigid metal pipe section and a flexible hose section. The flexible hose section is used at the connection point of the electric pump (3) to accommodate vibration.

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