A quick tool changer for a machine tool

Abstract

The utility model relates to tool machining technical field especially relates to a tool machining quick tool changing mechanism of machine tool, including rotary cutter holder seat, the outside of rotary cutter holder seat is provided with the limit seat, the inside rotation of limit seat is connected with rotary seat, both ends of rotary seat all set up pivot rod, two pivot rods extend to the outside of limit seat, and one end of pivot rod is provided with servo motor A through pivot rod and limit seat connection, four rotary seats of equipping different tool bit are equipped on the rotary cutter holder seat of the utility model, and cooperate servo motor accurate drive rotary seat rotation, and the required tool is switched to the machining position fast, through adopting the mechanical clamping structure of knob linkage transmission gear, transmission ring and clamping block, the quick chucking or replacement of tool bit can be carried out, and through servo motor B drive limit component action, makes the limit block accurate embedding in the limit groove of pivot rod, realizes the rigid locking of rotary seat.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of cutting tool processing technology, and in particular to a quick tool change mechanism for machine tools used in cutting tool processing. Background Technology

[0002] A lathe is a machine tool that primarily uses cutting tools to machine rotating workpieces. Drills, reamers, taps, dies, and knurling tools can also be used on a lathe for various machining operations. Sometimes, different cutting tools are needed to machine the same workpiece, which requires tool changing.

[0003] For example, patent number CN207930366U discloses a tool changing structure for a machine tool tool holder. The height of the tool fixing hole is greater than the height of the tool body, allowing the tool body to be inserted into the tool fixing hole. The positioning block on the pressure plate is then inserted into the positioning groove on the tool body. The positioning block effectively positions the tool, preventing it from moving back and forth. After completion, the motor is started by a motor switch, causing the shaft on the motor to rotate. Since the shaft and the sleeve are threaded together, the rotating shaft drives the sleeve to move upward. The movement of the sleeve drives the pressure plate. Because the pressure plate is restricted by the tool fixing hole, it cannot rotate and can only move up and down along the tool fixing hole. The upward movement of the pressure plate effectively presses down the tool body, preventing it from moving up and down and facilitating tool installation. Conversely, starting the motor in the opposite direction moves the pressure plate downward, facilitating tool disassembly. Since the width of the tool fixing hole is the same as the width of the tool body, the tool is also fixed to the left and right.

[0004] For example, patent number CN210115726U discloses a convenient tool changer for machining centers. By redesigning the assembly position of each tool, the tool is rotated for positioning and then tightened by fastening bolts, which improves the tool changing efficiency and greatly improves the machining efficiency and output of CNC machine tools. It is practical and convenient.

[0005] However, existing machine tool tool changing usually adopts automatic tool changing technology, which uses a central rotating shaft to change the tools on both sides. However, during the process of the rotating shaft rotating and driving the changing rod to rotate, the lack of a fixed clamping device at the front end of the changing rod may lead to insufficient stability during tool changing, making it impossible to complete the tool changing smoothly, which greatly increases the workpiece processing time. Utility Model Content

[0006] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a quick tool change mechanism for machine tools, which solves the problem that existing machine tool tool changing typically uses automatic tool changing technology, which utilizes a central rotating shaft to change tools on both sides. However, during the rotation of the rotating shaft, which drives the changing rod to rotate, the lack of a fixed clamping device at the front end of the changing rod may lead to insufficient stability during tool changing, resulting in the inability to complete the tool change smoothly.

[0007] The technical solution of this utility model is as follows: a quick tool change mechanism for a machine tool for cutting tool processing, including a rotary tool holder, a limit seat provided on the outer side of the rotary tool holder, a rotary seat rotatably connected to the inner side of the limit seat, and two rotating shafts provided at both ends of the rotary seat, extending to the outer side of the limit seat. The rotary seat is connected to the limit seat via the rotating shafts. A servo motor A is provided at one end of one of the rotating shafts, and a limit assembly is fixedly connected to the upper end of the other rotating shaft at one end of the limit seat. The limit assembly is used for connection between the limit seat and the rotary seat. A tool head is provided at the bottom end of the rotary seat, and a mounting assembly is provided on the outer side of the tool head at the outer end face of the rotary seat. The mounting assembly is used for connection between the rotary seat and the tool head. The limit assembly includes a guide seat, and limit blocks are movably connected to both sides of the bottom surface of the guide seat. A servo motor B is rotatably connected to the top of the guide seat above the center of the two limit blocks. A transmission rod A is fixedly connected to the output end of servo motor B, and a lead screw A is rotatably connected to the bottom end of transmission rod A. Both ends of lead screw A extend to the outside of the two limit blocks and are rotatably connected to the guide seat. When servo motor B, in conjunction with transmission rod A, drives lead screw A to rotate, lead screw A causes the two limit blocks to shift on the bottom surface of the guide seat. The mounting assembly includes a knob, with a transmission gear A at its output end. A transmission ring is rotatably connected to the outside of transmission gear A, and a transmission rod B is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the transmission ring. A retaining block is rotatably connected to one side above transmission rod B. When the tool head is connected to the rotating seat, rotating the knob, in conjunction with transmission gear A and transmission rod B, causes the retaining block to connect to the bottom end of the tool head.

[0008] Preferably, the bottom of the rotary cutter head is provided with a connecting seat, and a control panel is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting seat. The control panel is electrically connected to servo motor A and servo motor B. The bottom of the control panel is provided with a signal interface. When the rotary cutter head is connected to the machine tool via the connecting seat, the machine tool is connected to the signal interface at the bottom of the control panel, so that servo motor A and servo motor B can be controlled separately by the machine tool through the control panel.

[0009] Preferably, bevel gears are provided at the bottom end of transmission rod A and at the center of lead screw A. When transmission rod A rotates, transmission rod A, in conjunction with the bevel gears, drives lead screw A to rotate. Lead screw A is a double-threaded lead screw, and the threads at both ends of lead screw A are symmetrical to each other. When lead screw A rotates, lead screw A drives two limit blocks to move relative to each other.

[0010] Preferably, a limiting groove is provided on the outer side of the rotating shaft, and one end of the limiting block is consistent with the shape of the limiting groove. When the two limiting blocks move, one end of the transmission ring is engaged in the limiting groove on the outer side of the rotating shaft.

[0011] Preferably, the top of the rotary seat is provided with a mounting groove, and when the cutting tool head is connected to the rotary seat, the bottom end of the cutting tool head is inserted into the inner side of the mounting groove.

[0012] Preferably, a rack is provided at one end of the top surface of the transmission rod B, located outside the clamping block. Both the upper and lower ends of the transmission rod B are provided with transmission gears B. The two transmission gears B mesh with the transmission ring and the rack, respectively. When the knob, in conjunction with the transmission gear A, drives the transmission ring to rotate, the transmission ring, in conjunction with the transmission rod B, drives the clamping block to clamp the bottom end of the tool tip.

[0013] Preferably, one end of the retaining block is arc-shaped, and the bottom end of the retaining block is provided with a guide groove at the bottom end of the mounting groove. The bottom end of the retaining block extends to the inner side of the guide groove. When the retaining block moves, the retaining block is displaced inside the guide groove.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this utility model are:

[0015] This machine tool quick-change mechanism features four rotating seats equipped with different tool heads on a rotating tool holder. A servo motor precisely drives the rotating seats to rotate, quickly switching the required tool to the machining position, significantly improving machining efficiency and automation. The mechanism employs a mechanical clamping structure with a knob-linked transmission gear, transmission ring, and clamping block, allowing for quick tool head clamping or replacement without additional tools, shortening tool change time and increasing equipment utilization. Once the rotating seat is in position, the servo motor B drives the limit component to precisely engage the limit block in the limit groove of the rotating shaft, achieving rigid locking of the rotating seat and effectively preventing positional displacement due to vibration or cutting force during machining, ensuring machining accuracy and safety. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a three-dimensional structural schematic of this utility model;

[0017] Figure 2 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the limiting seat of this utility model;

[0018] Figure 3 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the rotary base of this utility model;

[0019] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a structural schematic of the transmission ring of this utility model.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Rotary cutter head holder; 2. Connecting seat; 3. Control panel; 4. Limit seat; 5. Servo motor A; 6. Rotary seat; 7. Cutting tool head; 8. Rotary shaft; 9. Limit groove; 10. Limit block; 11. Servo motor B; 12. Guide seat; 13. Lead screw A; 14. Transmission rod A; 15. Knob; 16. Mounting groove; 17. Transmission gear A; 18. Transmission ring; 19. Transmission rod B; 20. Transmission gear B; 21. Clamping block; 22. Rack. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] Please see Figures 1-4This utility model provides an embodiment: a quick tool change mechanism for a machine tool for cutting tool processing, including a rotary tool holder 1, a limit seat 4 is provided on the outer side of the rotary tool holder 1, and a rotary seat 6 is rotatably connected to the inner side of the limit seat 4. Rotary shafts 8 are provided at both ends of the rotary seat 6, extending to the outer side of the limit seat 4. The rotary seat 6 is connected to the limit seat 4 via the rotary shafts 8. A servo motor A5 is provided at one end of one of the rotary shafts 8, and a limit assembly is fixedly connected above the other rotary shaft 8 at one end of the limit seat 4. The limit assembly is used for connection between the limit seat 4 and the rotary seat 6. A tool head 7 is provided at the bottom end of the rotary seat 6, and a mounting assembly is provided on the outer side of the tool head 7 at the outer end face of the rotary seat 6. The mounting assembly is used for connection between the rotary seat 6 and the tool head 7. The limit assembly includes a guide seat 12, with limit blocks 10 movably connected to both sides of the bottom surface of the guide seat 12. The center of the two limit blocks 10 is located above the limit seat 4. A servo motor B11 is rotatably connected to the top of the guide seat 12. A transmission rod A14 is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor B11. A lead screw A13 is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the transmission rod A14. The two ends of the lead screw A13 extend to the outside of the two limit blocks 10 and are rotatably connected to the guide seat 12. When the servo motor B11, in conjunction with the transmission rod A14, drives the lead screw A13 to rotate, the lead screw A13 drives the two limit blocks 10 to move on the bottom surface of the guide seat 12. The mounting assembly includes a knob 15. A transmission gear A17 is provided at the output end of the knob 15. A transmission ring 18 is rotatably connected to the outside of the transmission gear A17. A transmission rod B19 is rotatably connected to the inner wall of the transmission ring 18. A retaining block 21 is rotatably connected to one side above the transmission rod B19. When the tool head 7 is connected to the rotating seat 6, the knob 15 is rotated. The knob 15, in conjunction with the transmission gear A17 and the transmission rod B19, drives the retaining block 21 to connect with the bottom end of the tool head 7.

[0023] Please see Figures 1-2In this embodiment, a connecting seat 2 is provided at the bottom of the rotary cutter head 1. A control panel 3 is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting seat 2. The control panel 3 is electrically connected to servo motors A5 and B11. Both servo motors A5 and B11 are self-locking motors (according to CN120320523A, a self-locking motor includes a housing, stator magnets, rotor and motor shaft, and multiple corner sections are provided in the polygonal cavity, with each corner section arranged opposite to the other, and stator magnets are installed in the corner sections one by one, with the arc-shaped surfaces of each stator magnet forming a housing). The rotor mounting area optimizes the magnetic field distribution. Furthermore, grooves are formed on the arc-shaped surface of the stator magnets, dividing them into several stator poles. This breaks the magnetic reluctance in the air gap, creating a discontinuous magnetic field and increasing the logarithm of the reluctance, thus increasing the rotor's magnetic flux density. The grooves on each stator magnet are positioned identically to create a symmetrical stator pole layout, improving the symmetry of the air gap magnetic field. This results in greater cogging torque, enhancing the motor's mechanical performance and self-locking capabilities. Compared to motors with a screw and nut drive structure, this design results in lower wear and a smaller size. It is also smaller, thus adapting to a compact structure. A signal interface is located at the bottom of the control panel 3. When the rotary tool holder 1 is connected to the machine tool via the connecting seat 2, the machine tool connects to the signal interface at the bottom of the control panel 3. This allows the machine tool to control servo motors A5 and B11 separately via the control panel 3. The control panel 3 has a built-in position sensor for real-time monitoring of the current angular position of the rotary seat 6 and the locking status of the limit block 10, feeding the signal back to the machine tool's CNC system to achieve closed-loop control and fault self-diagnosis. The transmission rod A1... Bevel gears are provided at the bottom of 4 and at the center of the lead screw A13. When the transmission rod A14 rotates, the transmission rod A14, in conjunction with the bevel gears, drives the lead screw A13 to rotate. The lead screw A13 is a double-threaded lead screw, and the threads at both ends of the lead screw A13 are symmetrical. When the lead screw A13 rotates, the lead screw A13 drives the two limit blocks 10 to move relative to each other. A limit groove 9 is provided on the outer side of the rotating shaft rod 8. One end of the limit block 10 is consistent with the shape of the limit groove 9. When the two limit blocks 10 move, one end of the transmission ring 18 is engaged in the limit groove 9 on the outer side of the rotating shaft rod 8.

[0024] Please see Figures 3-4In this embodiment, the top of the rotating seat 6 is provided with a mounting groove 16. When the cutting tool head 7 is connected to the rotating seat 6, the bottom end of the cutting tool head 7 is inserted into the inner side of the mounting groove 16. One end of the top surface of the transmission rod B19 is provided with a rack 22 located outside the clamping block 21. Both the upper and lower ends of the transmission rod B19 are provided with transmission gears B20. The two transmission gears B20 mesh with the transmission ring 18 and the rack 22 respectively. The knob 15 is a self-locking knob (CN209874705U, a self-locking knob structure, which, through the mutual cooperation of the knob and the sliding buckle, when the knob is rotated by a certain angle, the locking block above it rotates by the corresponding angle). This achieves product locking; and through the cooperation of the first locking slide and the second locking slide, the knob can be kept locked in a specific position, preventing accidental unlocking and providing a good user experience. When the knob 15, in conjunction with the transmission gear A17, drives the transmission ring 18 to rotate, the transmission ring 18, in conjunction with the transmission rod B19, drives the clamping block 21 to clamp the bottom end of the tool head 7. One end of the clamping block 21 is arc-shaped, and the bottom end of the clamping block 21 is located at the bottom end of the mounting groove 16 and has a guide groove. The bottom end of the clamping block 21 extends to the inside of the guide groove. When the clamping block 21 moves, it displaces inside the guide groove.

[0025] During operation, the rotary cutter head 1 is connected to the machine tool via the connecting seat 2. Then, the power is turned on and the device is started. When the machine tool starts, the connecting seat 2 drives the rotary cutter head 1 to work with the cutting tool head 7 to process the cutting tool inserts. The rotary cutter head 1 has four rotating seats 6, each equipped with a different cutting tool head 7. The rotating seats 6 are driven to rotate by the servo motor A5, allowing different cutting tool heads 7 to be switched to different processing positions sequentially, achieving automatic multi-tool position changing. When different cutting tool heads 7 are connected to a rotating seat 6, the knob 15, in conjunction with the transmission gear A17, drives the transmission ring 18 to rotate. 8, in conjunction with the transmission rod B19, drives the clamping block 21 to clamp the bottom end of the cutting tool head 7, facilitating quick disassembly and replacement of different cutting tools head 7. When the servo motor A5, in conjunction with the rotating shaft rod 8, drives the rotating seat 6 to rotate to the appropriate position, the servo motor B11, in conjunction with the transmission rod A14 and the lead screw A13, drives the limiting block 10 to engage with the outside of the rotating shaft rod 8, so that the limiting component limits and locks the position of the rotating seat 6, which helps to improve the stability of the device. When the rotating tool holder 1 needs to change tools, the limiting component first unlocks the rotating seat 6, and then the servo motor A5, in conjunction with the rotating shaft rod 8, drives the rotating seat 6 to be stored in the appropriate position.

[0026] Compared to the prior art document CN207930366U, which describes a tool changing structure for a machine tool tool holder, the height of the tool fixing hole is greater than the height of the tool body. This allows the tool body to be inserted into the tool fixing hole, and the positioning block on the pressure plate to be inserted into the positioning groove on the tool body. The positioning block effectively positions the tool, preventing it from moving back and forth. After completion, the motor is started by a motor switch, causing the shaft on the motor to rotate. Because the shaft is threadedly connected to the sleeve, the rotating shaft drives the sleeve to move upward. The movement of the sleeve drives the pressure plate. Since the pressure plate is restricted by the tool fixing hole, it cannot rotate and can only move up and down along the tool fixing hole. The upward movement of the pressure plate effectively presses down the tool body, preventing it from moving up and down, thus facilitating tool installation. Conversely, starting the motor in the opposite direction moves the pressure plate downward, facilitating tool removal. Furthermore, because the width of the tool fixing hole is the same as the width of the tool body, the tool is also fixed laterally. (This is in contrast to CN21.) 0115726U A convenient tool changer for machining centers, which improves tool changing efficiency by redesigning the assembly position of each tool, positioning the tool by rotation, and then tightening it with fastening bolts. This greatly improves the machining efficiency and output of CNC machine tools. It is practical and convenient. This application has four rotating seats equipped with different tool heads on the rotating tool holder, which can be precisely driven by a servo motor to quickly switch the required tool to the machining position, significantly improving machining efficiency and automation level. It adopts a mechanical clamping structure with knob linkage transmission gear, transmission ring and clamping block, which can quickly clamp or change tool heads without additional tools, shortening tool changing time and improving equipment utilization. After the rotating seat is in place, the servo motor B drives the limit component to move, so that the limit block is precisely embedded in the limit groove of the rotating shaft, realizing rigid locking of the rotating seat, effectively preventing position displacement caused by vibration or cutting force during machining, and ensuring machining accuracy and safety.

[0027] Furthermore, any content not described in detail in this specification is existing technology known to those skilled in the art.

[0028] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A quick tool change mechanism for a machine tool for cutting tool processing, comprising a rotary tool holder (1), characterized in that: A limit seat (4) is provided on the outer side of the rotary cutter head (1). A rotary seat (6) is rotatably connected to the inner side of the limit seat (4). Rotary shafts (8) are provided at both ends of the rotary seat (6). The two shafts (8) extend to the outer side of the limit seat (4). The rotary seat (6) is connected to the limit seat (4) through the shafts (8). A servo motor A (5) is provided at one end of one of the shafts (8). A limit assembly is fixedly connected above the other shaft (8) at one end of the limit seat (4). The limit assembly is used to connect the limit seat (4) and the rotary seat (6). A cutter head (7) is provided at the bottom end of the rotary seat (6). An installation assembly is provided on the outer side of the cutter head (7) at the outer end face of the rotary seat (6). The installation assembly is used to connect the rotary seat (6) and the cutter head (7). The limiting assembly includes a guide seat (12), with limiting blocks (10) movably connected to both sides of the bottom surface of the guide seat (12). A servo motor B (11) is rotatably connected above the center of the two limiting blocks (10) at the top of the guide seat (12). A transmission rod A (14) is fixedly connected to the output end of the servo motor B (11). A lead screw A (13) is rotatably connected to the bottom end of the transmission rod A (14). Both ends of the lead screw A (13) extend to the outside of the two limiting blocks (10) and are rotatably connected to the guide seat (12). When the servo motor B (11) cooperates with the transmission rod A (14) to drive the lead screw A (13) to rotate, the lead screw A (13) drives the two limiting blocks (10) to move on the bottom surface of the guide seat (12). The mounting assembly includes a knob (15), the output end of which is provided with a transmission gear A (17), the outer side of which is rotatably connected to a transmission ring (18), the inner wall of which is rotatably connected to a transmission rod B (19), and the upper side of the transmission rod B (19) is rotatably connected to a retaining block (21). When the cutting tool head (7) is connected to the rotating seat (6), the knob (15) is rotated, and the knob (15) cooperates with the transmission gear A (17) and the transmission rod B (19) to drive the retaining block (21) to connect with the bottom end of the cutting tool head (7).

2. The quick tool change mechanism for machine tools for cutting tool processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting seat (2) is provided at the bottom of the rotary cutter head (1). A control panel (3) is fixedly connected to one side of the connecting seat (2). The control panel (3) is electrically connected to the servo motor A (5) and the servo motor B (11). A signal interface is provided at the bottom of the control panel (3). When the rotary cutter head (1) is connected to the machine tool via the connecting seat (2), the machine tool is connected to the signal interface at the bottom of the control panel (3). Thus, the servo motor A (5) and the servo motor B (11) can be controlled by the machine tool via the control panel (3).

3. The quick tool change mechanism for machine tools for cutting tool processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A bevel gear is provided at the bottom end of the transmission rod A (14) and at the center of the lead screw A (13). When the transmission rod A (14) rotates, the transmission rod A (14) and the bevel gear drive the lead screw A (13) to rotate. The lead screw A (13) is a double-threaded lead screw. The threads at both ends of the lead screw A (13) are symmetrical to each other. When the lead screw A (13) rotates, the lead screw A (13) drives the two limit blocks (10) to move relative to each other.

4. The quick tool change mechanism for machine tool processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting groove (9) is provided on the outer side of the rotating shaft (8). One end of the limiting block (10) is consistent with the shape of the limiting groove (9). When the two limiting blocks (10) move, one end of the transmission ring (18) is inserted into the limiting groove (9) on the outer side of the rotating shaft (8).

5. The quick tool change mechanism for machine tool processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the rotating base (6) is provided with a mounting groove (16). When the cutting tool head (7) is connected to the rotating base (6), the bottom end of the cutting tool head (7) is inserted into the inner side of the mounting groove (16).

6. The quick tool change mechanism for machine tool processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rack (22) is provided at one end of the top surface of the transmission rod B (19) on the outside of the clamping block (21). Both the upper and lower ends of the transmission rod B (19) are provided with transmission gears B (20). The two transmission gears B (20) mesh with the transmission ring (18) and the rack (22) respectively. When the knob (15) drives the transmission ring (18) to rotate in conjunction with the transmission gear A (17), the transmission ring (18) drives the clamping block (21) to clamp the bottom end of the tool head (7) in conjunction with the transmission rod B (19).

7. The quick tool change mechanism for machine tool processing according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the retaining block (21) is arc-shaped. The bottom end of the retaining block (21) is located at the bottom end of the mounting groove (16) and a guide groove is provided. The bottom end of the retaining block (21) extends to the inside of the guide groove. When the retaining block (21) moves, the retaining block (21) is displaced inside the guide groove.

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