Large-section tunnel extruded surrounding rock composite support structure

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of large-section tunnel extrusion surrounding rock composite support structure, belong to tunnel and underground engineering support technical field, including surrounding rock, and the structure control and protection of surrounding rock can be supported, the side fixed mounting of support is equipped with mounting seat, steel frame is fixedly installed between several mounting seats, transverse frame is transversely arranged between several steel frames, protective plate is fixedly installed on transverse frame, still equipped with the connecting assembly of being able to improve the stability between surrounding rock and support on the support;By setting connecting assembly, the connecting strength between surrounding rock and support is enhanced, and anchor rod is equipped with auxiliary component inside, the connecting strength between anchor rod and concrete can be enhanced by the synergies of these components, while the design of folding plate and conical block makes that anchor rod can better adapt to the deformation of surrounding rock, reduce the damage of support structure caused by surrounding rock extrusion deformation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of tunnel and underground engineering support technology, and in particular to a composite support structure for large-section tunnel compression surrounding rock. Background Technology

[0002] In existing technologies, when large-section tunnels pass through squeezing surrounding rock sections, a composite lining of "initial support + secondary lining" is commonly used: first, shotcrete, steel mesh, steel arch frame and system anchor bolts are used to form the initial support, and after the surrounding rock deformation converges, reinforced concrete secondary lining is poured. In order to control large deformation, measures such as lengthening anchor bolts, densifying steel frames, reserving deformation grooves and multiple grouting are often adopted.

[0003] As the tunnel cross-section increases and the burial depth increases, the squeezing surrounding rock will exert a pressure on the anchor bolts. Since most of the existing anchor bolts have smooth surfaces, the pressure from the surrounding rock will cause the anchor bolts to slip or even fail, thus requiring repeated replacement and maintenance. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this utility model is to solve the problem that most existing anchor bolts have smooth surfaces, which can lead to slippage or even failure, and to propose a composite support structure for large-section tunnel compression surrounding rock.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention employs the following technology: a composite support structure for large-section tunnel compression surrounding rock, comprising surrounding rock and support capable of structural control and protection of the surrounding rock, wherein a mounting base is fixedly installed on one side of the support, a steel frame is fixedly installed between several mounting bases, a transverse frame is placed horizontally between several steel frames, a protective plate is fixedly installed on the transverse frame, and the support is also equipped with connecting components capable of improving the stability between the surrounding rock and the support.

[0006] As a further description of the above technical solution: the connecting assembly includes an anchor rod disposed inside the surrounding rock and the support, the anchor rod having a sleeve slidably connected inside, and an extension plate fixedly installed on the sleeve.

[0007] As a further description of the above technical solution: the size of the sleeve is adapted to the inner diameter of the anchor rod, and the sleeve is hollow; the extension plate is located between the two transverse frames and contacts the transverse frames.

[0008] As a further description of the above technical solution: the anchor rod has a sliding connection with a stop block inside, and folding plates are symmetrically arranged on the anchor rod. The folding plates are made of plastic, and each folding plate is provided with a protrusion.

[0009] As a further description of the above technical solution: the anchor rod is also equipped with auxiliary components; The auxiliary components include grooves and through slots equidistantly formed on the anchor rod, with the insertion rod slidably mounted on the grooves, and a conical block and a push plate fixedly installed at both ends of the insertion rod, respectively.

[0010] As a further description of the above technical solution: the size of the push plate is adapted to the groove, one side of the push plate is set as an inclined surface, and the conical block is located in the through groove.

[0011] As a further description of the above technical solution: the support is composed of concrete, the surface of which is provided with a waterproof layer and a cushion layer, and the interior of which is also provided with a steel mesh.

[0012] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: By incorporating connecting components, the connection strength between the surrounding rock and the support is enhanced, effectively preventing damage to the support structure caused by surrounding rock deformation. The anchor bolts are equipped with auxiliary components, which, through their synergistic effect, strengthen the connection between the anchor bolts and the concrete, further improving the stability of the support structure. Simultaneously, the design of the folding plate and conical block allows the anchor bolts to better adapt to surrounding rock deformation, reducing damage to the support structure caused by surrounding rock compression deformation and improving the adaptability and reliability of the support structure. The support is composed of concrete with an internal steel mesh and a waterproof layer and cushion layer on the surface. This structural design not only improves the tensile strength of the support but also prevents groundwater from seeping into the tunnel, while absorbing stress caused by surrounding rock deformation, ensuring the integrity and durability of the support structure. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 An overall schematic diagram according to an embodiment of the present utility model is shown; Figure 2 A diagram showing the connection relationship between the steel frame and the transverse frame according to an embodiment of the present invention is provided. Figure 3 The present invention provides an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 Another perspective view; Figure 4 An overall structural diagram of the connecting assembly provided according to an embodiment of the present utility model is shown; Figure 5 This diagram shows the effect of the anchor bolt and sleeve being separated according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of an anchor bolt provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown; Figure 7 The present invention provides an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 6 Enlarged view of region A in the middle; Figure 8A structural diagram of the support provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0014] Legend: 10. Surrounding rock; 11. Support; 111. Concrete; 112. Waterproof layer; 113. Subbase; 12. Mounting base; 13. Steel frame; 14. Horizontal frame; 15. Protective plate; 16. Connecting component; 161. Anchor bolt; 162. Sleeve; 163. Extension plate; 164. Abutment block; 165. Folding plate; 166. Protrusion; 167. Auxiliary component; 1671. Groove; 1672. Through groove; 1673. Insert rod; 1674. Conical block; 1675. Push plate. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0016] Reference Figure 1 - Figure 8 This embodiment provides a composite support structure for a large-section tunnel under compressional rock, including a surrounding rock 10 and a support 11 capable of structural control and protection of the surrounding rock 10. A mounting base 12 is fixedly installed on one side of the support 11. A steel frame 13 is fixedly installed between several mounting bases 12, serving as a support for the support 11, supporting the surrounding rock 10 and preventing its collapse. A transverse frame 14 is placed horizontally between several steel frames 13, connecting them to form a whole, thereby improving the support effect. A protective plate 15 is fixedly installed on the transverse frame 14, protecting the steel frame 13 from the direct pressure of the surrounding rock 10 and also helping to evenly distribute the pressure of the surrounding rock 10 across the entire support 11 structure. The support 11 is also equipped with a connecting component 16 that improves the stability between the surrounding rock 10 and the support 11.

[0017] In more detail, the support 11 is composed of concrete 111, which is the most commonly used material for initial support 11. It can quickly seal the surface of the surrounding rock 10 to prevent weathering and further deformation of the surrounding rock 10. The surface of the concrete 111 is provided with a waterproof layer 112 and a cushion layer 113. The waterproof layer 112 can prevent groundwater from seeping into the tunnel. The cushion layer 113 is made of plastic or metal gaskets to ensure good contact between the steel frame 13 and the concrete 111 and to absorb the stress caused by the deformation of the surrounding rock 10. The interior of the concrete 111 is also equipped with a steel mesh. Before the shotcrete 111 is sprayed, a layer of steel mesh is sometimes laid between the steel frame 13 and the surrounding rock 10. The steel mesh can improve the tensile strength of the shotcrete 111 and prevent the concrete 111 from cracking.

[0018] Reference Figure 2 - Figure 6 Specifically, to improve the overall structural strength of the support 11, a connecting assembly 16 is provided. Several connecting assemblies 16 can be installed. Each connecting assembly 16 includes an anchor rod 161 installed inside the surrounding rock 10 and the support 11. The anchor rod 161 provides additional anchoring force. A sleeve 162 is slidably connected inside the anchor rod 161, and an extension plate 163 is fixedly installed on the sleeve 162. The sleeve 162 can slide inside the anchor rod 161. In use, a hole is drilled in the surrounding rock 10 using a drilling tool to match the diameter of the hole to the anchor rod 161. The anchor rod 161 is then installed in the hole to provide additional anchoring force. A steel mesh is then placed on the surrounding rock 10. Subsequently, shotcrete 111 is used to form the initial support 11. Finally, the sleeve 162 is inserted into the anchor rod 161. Figure 4 As shown, the folding plates 165 on both sides can open, providing a self-locking effect for the anchor rod 161. Subsequently, the insertion rod 1673 and the conical block 1674 will also extend outward. Then, sprayed concrete 111 is applied. After the concrete 111 dries, the insertion rod 1673 and the conical block 1674 will be fixed by the concrete 111, thereby improving the connection between the anchor rod 161, the concrete 111, and the surrounding rock 10. Then, the mounting base 12 is installed on the concrete 111 with screws. Then, the steel frame 13 is installed vertically on the concrete 111 and fixed to the mounting base 12. Then, the transverse frame 14 is placed on the steel frame 13 and fixed with screws, so that the transverse frame 14 contacts and is fixed to the extension plate 163. Finally, the protective plate 15 is installed on the transverse frame 14, so that the above structure forms an integral structure, thereby improving the overall stability and protective function of the support 11.

[0019] In more detail, the size of the sleeve 162 is adapted to the inner diameter of the anchor rod 161, and the sleeve 162 is hollow, so that the sleeve 162 can be inserted into the anchor rod 161 and grouting can be performed inside the sleeve 162. The extension plate 163 is located between the two transverse frames 14 and contacts the transverse frames 14, and is fixed by screws, which can improve the overall connection of the transverse frames 14.

[0020] In more detail, the anchor rod 161 has an internal sliding connection of a stop block 164, and symmetrically arranged folding plates 165 on the anchor rod 161. The folding plates 165 are made of plastic and can deform due to their material. Each folding plate 165 has a protrusion 166, which makes the surface of the folding plate 165 less smooth, thereby increasing the contact area. Figure 4 As shown, after the sleeve 162 is inserted into the anchor rod 161, the abutment 164 will be pushed by the sleeve 162, causing the abutment 164 to move towards the folding plate 165. The movement of the abutment 164 will gradually squeeze the folding plates 165 on both sides, causing the folding plates 165 to deform and lift up due to their own material, thereby playing a self-locking role for the anchor rod 161.

[0021] Reference Figure 6 - Figure 7 Specifically, in order to improve the connection between the anchor bolt 161 and the support 11, an auxiliary component 167 is also installed inside the anchor bolt 161. The auxiliary component 167 includes a groove 1671 and a through groove 1672 equidistantly formed on the anchor rod 161. The insert rod 1673 is slidably mounted on the groove 1671 and can slide within the groove 1671. A conical block 1674 and a push plate 1675 are respectively fixedly mounted at both ends of the insert rod 1673, so that the conical block 1674 and the push plate 1675 can move through the insert rod 1673.

[0022] In more detail, the dimensions of the push plate 1675 are adapted to the groove 1671. One side of the push plate 1675 is set as an inclined surface, and the conical block 1674 is located in the through groove 1672. When the sleeve 162 is inserted, one end of the sleeve 162 will also contact and squeeze the inclined surface of the push plate 1675, so that the push plate 1675 moves towards the groove 1671 through the insertion rod 1673, so that the insertion rod 1673 can drive the conical block 1674 to extend outward from the through groove 1672, so that the surface of the anchor rod 161 is no longer a smooth plane, thereby improving the connection between the anchor rod 161 and the concrete 111.

[0023] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model, but the protection scope of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or changes made by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present utility model, based on the technical solution and the inventive concept of the present utility model, should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A composite support structure for large-section tunnels in compressional surrounding rock, characterized in that, The support includes surrounding rock (10) and a support (11) capable of structural control and protection of the surrounding rock (10). A mounting base (12) is fixedly installed on one side of the support (11), a steel frame (13) is fixedly installed between several mounting bases (12), a transverse frame (14) is placed horizontally between several steel frames (13), and a protective plate (15) is fixedly installed on the transverse frame (14). The support (11) is also equipped with a connecting component (16) capable of improving the stability between the surrounding rock (10) and the support (11).

2. The composite support structure for large-section tunnel compressional surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting assembly (16) includes an anchor rod (161) disposed inside the surrounding rock (10) and the support (11), with a sleeve (162) slidably connected inside the anchor rod (161), and an extension plate (163) fixedly installed on the sleeve (162).

3. The composite support structure for large-section tunnel compressional surrounding rock according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sleeve (162) is sized to match the inner diameter of the anchor rod (161), and the sleeve (162) is hollow. The extension plate (163) is located between the two transverse frames (14) and is in contact with the transverse frames (14).

4. The composite support structure for large-section tunnel compressional surrounding rock according to claim 2, characterized in that, The anchor rod (161) has a sliding connection to a stop block (164), and folding plates (165) are symmetrically arranged on the anchor rod (161). The folding plates (165) are made of plastic, and each folding plate (165) has a protrusion (166).

5. A composite support structure for large-section tunnel compressional surrounding rock according to claim 4, characterized in that, The anchor rod (161) is also equipped with auxiliary components (167). The auxiliary component (167) includes grooves (1671) and through grooves (1672) equidistantly opened on the anchor rod (161), and the insert rod (1673) is slidably installed on the groove (1671). A conical block (1674) and a push plate (1675) are respectively fixedly installed at both ends of the insert rod (1673).

6. The composite support structure for large-section tunnel compressional surrounding rock according to claim 5, characterized in that, The dimensions of the push plate (1675) are adapted to the groove (1671), one side of the push plate (1675) is set as an inclined surface, and the conical block (1674) is located in the through groove (1672).

7. The composite support structure for large-section tunnel compressional surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The support (11) is composed of concrete (111), and the surface of the concrete (111) is provided with a waterproof layer (112) and a cushion layer (113), and the interior of the concrete (111) is also provided with a steel mesh.

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