Energy storage battery detection system

Abstract

The present disclosure relates to a kind of energy storage battery detection system, it relates to the field of electric power storage, the system includes energy storage battery, single body connecting unit, protection unit, heat conduction unit, temperature sensing unit and acquisition unit;The single body connecting unit is connected with the energy storage battery, the single body connecting unit is used to conduct the voltage and temperature of the energy storage battery;The protection unit is connected by copper foil wiring with the single body connecting unit, the protection unit is used to protect the voltage detection safety of the energy storage battery;The heat conduction unit is connected by copper foil wiring with the single body connecting unit, the temperature sensing unit is coupled with the heat conduction unit and is connected by heat conduction, the heat conduction unit is used to heat conduction the temperature of the energy storage battery;The acquisition unit is connected by copper foil wiring with the protection unit and the temperature sensing unit respectively, the acquisition unit is used to collect the voltage information and temperature information of the energy storage battery, improve the security and economy of battery state detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of power energy storage, and in particular to an energy storage battery testing system. Background Technology

[0002] With the popularization of renewable energy sources such as wind power and photovoltaics and the transformation of the power system, energy storage technology has become a key means to solve energy problems. As the core of the energy storage system, the management of energy storage batteries is crucial to the system efficiency, lifespan and safety.

[0003] Traditional energy storage battery testing relies on voltage and temperature acquisition lines, which suffers from high costs, difficult-to-control manufacturing processes, and significant insulation risks. In some cases, overheating and short circuits in the wires can even cause battery damage or fires. Therefore, innovative testing solutions are urgently needed to address the inherent limitations of traditional wire harness acquisition methods. Utility Model Content

[0004] To overcome the problems existing in related technologies, this disclosure provides an energy storage battery testing system.

[0005] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, an energy storage battery testing system is provided, the system including an energy storage battery, a single cell connection unit, a protection unit, a heat conduction unit, a temperature sensing unit, and a data acquisition unit.

[0006] The single-cell connection unit is connected to the energy storage battery, and the single-cell connection unit is used to conduct the voltage and temperature of the energy storage battery.

[0007] The protection unit is connected to the single-cell connection unit via copper foil traces. The protection unit is used to protect the voltage detection safety of the energy storage battery.

[0008] The heat-conducting unit is electrically connected to the single-cell connection unit, and the temperature-sensing unit is thermally coupled to the heat-conducting unit. The heat-conducting unit is used to conduct heat to the temperature of the energy storage battery.

[0009] The acquisition unit is electrically connected to the protection unit and the temperature sensing unit, respectively, and the acquisition unit is used to detect the voltage and temperature of the energy storage battery.

[0010] Optionally, the energy storage battery is composed of multiple individual cells connected in series. The output terminal of the energy storage battery outputs the battery voltage to the protection unit through the individual cell connection unit. The protection unit then outputs the protected battery voltage to the acquisition unit.

[0011] Optionally, the protection unit includes a fuse, a Zener diode, a resistor, and a filter capacitor; The positive voltage output terminal of the single-unit connection is connected to the input terminal of the fuse. The output terminal of the fuse is connected to the cathode of the Zener diode and one end of the resistor. The other end of the resistor is connected to the positive terminal of the filter capacitor. The connection point between the positive terminal of the filter capacitor and the other end of the resistor serves as the positive signal output terminal connected to the positive voltage input terminal of the acquisition unit. The negative voltage output terminal of the single-unit connection is connected to the anode of the Zener diode and the negative terminal of the filter capacitor, respectively. The negative terminal of the filter capacitor is connected to the negative voltage input terminal of the acquisition unit as the negative signal output terminal.

[0012] The negative voltage output terminal of the single-unit connection is connected to the anode of the Zener diode and the negative terminal of the filter capacitor, respectively. The negative terminal of the filter capacitor is connected to the negative voltage input terminal of the acquisition unit as the negative signal output terminal.

[0013] Optionally, the fuse has a self-recovering characteristic after melting.

[0014] Optionally, the heat-conducting unit is a PCB copper foil with a hole in the center. The temperature-sensing unit is placed in the center of the hole, and the size of the hole meets the safety distance requirements between the heat-conducting unit and the temperature-sensing unit.

[0015] In the cutout, the surface of the temperature sensing unit and the cutout area between the temperature sensing unit and the heat-conducting unit are covered with thermally conductive silicone, and the contact area between the heat-conducting unit and the thermally conductive silicone is opened by chemical etching.

[0016] Optionally, the heat-conducting unit includes a copper foil layer, an inner layer, and a via, wherein the via connects the copper foil layer and the inner layer.

[0017] The temperature sensing unit is electrically connected to the acquisition unit via copper foil traces, wherein the copper foil traces pass through the via and the inner layer so that the copper foil traces avoid the copper foil layer.

[0018] Optionally, the energy storage battery detection system also includes an isolation unit and a control unit.

[0019] The isolation unit is electrically connected to the acquisition unit, and the isolation unit is used to electrically isolate the acquisition unit from the control unit.

[0020] The control unit is electrically connected to the isolation unit, and the control unit is used to perform charge and discharge control and / or thermal management control on the energy storage battery.

[0021] Optionally, the output of the acquisition unit is an isolated communication interface, which has a first differential signal port and a second differential signal port, and the isolation unit is connected to the first differential signal port and the second differential signal port respectively.

[0022] Optionally, the individual connecting unit is connected to the energy storage battery by means of screw connection.

[0023] Optionally, the individual connection unit is connected to the energy storage battery by means of integrated busbar welding.

[0024] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure may include the following beneficial effects: By using the energy storage battery detection system provided by this disclosure, the detection of battery temperature and battery voltage without a data acquisition harness is realized through a single cell connection unit connected to the energy storage battery, a protection unit connected to the copper foil of the single cell connection unit, a heat conduction unit connected to the copper foil of the single cell connection unit, a temperature sensing unit coupled to the heat conduction unit, and a data acquisition unit connected to the copper foil of the protection unit and the temperature sensing unit, thereby improving the safety and economy of detecting battery status information.

[0025] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0026] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic block diagram of the energy storage battery testing system provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of the protection unit provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the heat-conducting unit and the temperature-sensing unit provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of the temperature sensing unit and the data acquisition unit provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic block diagram of the energy storage battery testing system provided in an embodiment of this disclosure.

[0032] Figure Labels 10-Energy storage battery, 20-Single cell connection unit, 30-Protection unit, 40-Acquisition unit, 50-Isolation unit, 60-Control unit, 70-Heat conduction unit, 80-Temperature sensing unit, 701-Knockout, 702-Through hole, 703-Copper foil layer, 704-Inner layer, F1-Fuse, D1-Zener diode, R1-Resistor, C1-Filter capacitor. Detailed Implementation

[0033] Exemplary embodiments will now be described in detail, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description relates to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numerals in different drawings denote the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with this disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0034] It should be noted that all actions involving the acquisition of signals, information, or data in this disclosure are carried out in compliance with the relevant data protection laws and policies of the country where the location is situated, and with authorization from the owner of the relevant device.

[0035] Please refer to the following: Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic block diagram of the energy storage battery testing system provided in the embodiments of this disclosure. The energy storage battery testing system will be described in detail below.

[0036] This disclosure provides an energy storage battery testing system, which includes an energy storage battery 10, a single cell connection unit 20, a protection unit 30, a heat conduction unit 70, a temperature sensing unit 80, and a data acquisition unit 40.

[0037] The single-cell connection unit 20 is connected to the energy storage battery 10, and the single-cell connection unit 20 is used to conduct the voltage and temperature of the energy storage battery 10.

[0038] The protection unit 30 is connected to the single-cell connection unit 20 via copper foil wiring. The protection unit 30 is used to protect the voltage detection safety of the energy storage battery 10.

[0039] The heat conduction unit 70 is connected to the single cell connection unit 20 through copper foil wiring, and the temperature sensing unit 80 is thermally coupled to the heat conduction unit 70. The heat conduction unit 70 is used to conduct heat to transfer the temperature of the energy storage battery 10.

[0040] The acquisition unit 40 is connected to the protection unit 30 and the temperature sensing unit 80 through copper foil wiring. The acquisition unit 40 is used to acquire the voltage and temperature information of the energy storage battery 10.

[0041] In one embodiment, the acquisition unit 40 is an AFE (Analog Front End Unit).

[0042] In this embodiment of the disclosure, for example, in the field of power energy storage, the energy storage battery detection system adopts a large PCB board structure, and replaces the traditional wire harness with copper foil traces on the board to achieve full-process coordination of energy storage battery status detection, voltage protection, temperature conduction and detection, signal processing and data acquisition.

[0043] In one implementation, during system operation, the individual cell connection unit 20 directly establishes a physical connection with the energy storage battery 10, which is composed of multiple individual cells connected in series. During the charge-discharge cycle of the energy storage battery 10, the individual cell connection unit 20 serves as an interface for acquiring battery temperature and voltage. Through this interface, the status of the energy storage battery 10 is continuously monitored, and the voltage signals of each individual cell and the temperature-related parameters of the battery terminals are simultaneously acquired. These signals are transmitted via copper foil traces on a large PCB board, replacing traditional wiring harnesses to avoid insulation defects and the risk of overheating and short circuits, thus ensuring the safety and reliability of system operation from both physical connection and signal transmission perspectives.

[0044] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the energy storage battery 10 is composed of multiple individual cells connected in series. The output terminal of the energy storage battery 10 outputs the battery voltage signal to the protection unit 30 through the individual cell connection unit 20. The protection unit 30 then outputs the protected battery voltage signal to the acquisition unit 40. The output terminal of the energy storage battery 10 outputs the individual cell terminal temperature signal to the heat conduction unit 70 through the individual cell connection unit 20.

[0045] For example, in a commercial or industrial energy storage power station scenario, when the energy storage battery 10, composed of multiple individual cells connected in series, is running, its output end transmits the voltage signals of each individual cell to the protection unit 30 via the individual cell connection unit 20. After the protection unit 30 completes overvoltage, reverse connection, and other protection processes, it transmits the signals to the acquisition unit 40. The server receives the signal status data of each node in this process in real time and monitors the voltage transmission and protection effectiveness. Simultaneously, the output end of the energy storage battery 10 accurately transmits the temperature signals generated by the charging and discharging of the terminals to the heat conduction unit 70 via the individual cell connection unit 20. The server continuously collects the temperature signal transmission link parameters and, combined with voltage data, provides a basis for evaluating and controlling the operating status of the energy storage system, ensuring the safety and efficiency of the system under complex operating conditions.

[0046] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure can include the following beneficial effects: By using the energy storage battery detection system provided by this disclosure, the detection of battery temperature and battery voltage without a data acquisition harness is realized through a single cell connection unit connected to the energy storage battery, a protection unit connected to the copper foil of the single cell connection unit, a heat conduction unit connected to the copper foil of the single cell connection unit, a temperature sensing unit coupled to the heat conduction unit, and a data acquisition unit connected to the copper foil of the protection unit and the temperature sensing unit, thereby improving the safety and economy of detecting battery status information.

[0047] In one embodiment, the single-unit connection unit 20 is connected to the energy storage battery 10 by means of screw connection.

[0048] For example, in the deployment of battery clusters in industrial and commercial energy storage power stations, the individual connection unit 20 is mechanically fastened to the energy storage battery 10 by screws. The server collects data such as screw torque feedback and contact resistance of the connection node in real time to verify the reliability of the connection; at the same time, it tracks the integrity and stability of the battery voltage and terminal temperature signals transmitted through the connection, and evaluates the support effect of the screw connection on the state detection link under high-frequency charging and discharging conditions by combining parameters such as signal fluctuation amplitude and transmission delay, so as to ensure the dual reliability of physical connection and signal acquisition during long-term system operation.

[0049] In another embodiment, the single-unit connection unit 20 is connected to the energy storage battery 10 by CCS (Cells Contact System, integrated busbar) welding.

[0050] For example, in the battery pack integration stage of a commercial and industrial energy storage power station, the single-cell connection unit 20 completes the electrical and mechanical connection with the energy storage battery 10 through an integrated busbar welding process. The server collects process parameters such as contact resistance and thermal stress distribution of the welding nodes in real time, and simultaneously tracks the amplitude accuracy and transmission delay of the battery voltage sampling signal and the electrode temperature correlation signal transmitted through this welding link. Combined with the signal fluctuation characteristics, the server analyzes the impact of the welding process on the stability of the condition monitoring link, ensuring the long-term reliability of physical connection and signal acquisition under high-frequency charge and discharge conditions, and providing data support for the condition monitoring of the energy storage system throughout its entire life cycle.

[0051] The individual connection unit 20 can be connected by screws or by integrated busbar welding. The connection method can be selected according to the needs of the scenario: if the convenience of installation and maintenance is required, screw connection is used; if the stability and vibration resistance of the connection are required, CCS welding is used.

[0052] In one implementation, see Figure 2 As shown, the protection unit 30 includes a fuse F1, a Zener diode D1, a resistor R1, and a filter capacitor C1.

[0053] The positive voltage output terminal of the single-unit connection unit 20 is connected to the input terminal of the fuse F1. The output terminal of the fuse F1 is connected to the cathode of the Zener diode D1 and one end of the resistor R1. The other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the positive terminal of the filter capacitor C1. The connection point between the positive terminal of the filter capacitor C1 and the other end of the resistor R1 serves as the positive signal output terminal and is connected to the positive voltage input terminal of the acquisition unit 40.

[0054] The negative voltage output terminal of the single-unit connection unit 20 is connected to the anode of Zener diode D1 and the negative terminal of filter capacitor C1, respectively. The negative terminal of filter capacitor C1 is connected to the negative voltage input terminal of acquisition unit 40 as the negative signal output terminal.

[0055] Among them, fuse F1 is a self-resetting fuse (such as a polymer positive temperature coefficient thermistor), which has the self-resetting characteristic after melting. For example, when the downstream circuit of fuse F1 is short-circuited, such as C1 breaking down or the internal short circuit of the acquisition unit 40, the current increases sharply, and the resistance of F1 rises rapidly due to overcurrent, and fuse F1 breaks. When the fault in the downstream circuit is cleared, fuse F1 automatically resumes conduction.

[0056] In this embodiment, the resistor R1 is a 100Ω resistor. Resistor R1 limits the current and, together with capacitor C1, forms a low-pass filter circuit to filter out high-frequency noise and ripple in the input voltage, making the output voltage smoother. Capacitor C1 stores and releases charge through its charging and discharging characteristics, further stabilizing the voltage waveform and ensuring the stability of the signal connected to the acquisition unit 40.

[0057] For example, during the operation of a commercial and industrial energy storage power station, the 100Ω resistor in protection unit 30 participates in the battery voltage signal processing flow. The server collects the voltage division value, power loss data, and temperature change curve across the resistor in real time, tracks the attenuation of the voltage signal and the noise suppression effect after resistor conditioning; at the same time, it correlates the resistor's performance with the fuse short-circuit protection response and Zener diode overvoltage clamping action, evaluates the 100Ω resistance value's support performance for the safety redundancy and signal accuracy of the voltage sampling link, and ensures the reliability of the voltage signal received by acquisition unit 40.

[0058] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the filter capacitor C1 is a 100n / 50V capacitor.

[0059] For example, in the battery voltage detection link of a commercial and industrial energy storage power station, the protection unit 30 uses a 100n / 50V filter capacitor C1 to filter the voltage signal. The server collects data such as voltage fluctuations and noise filtering amplitude across the capacitor in real time, tracks the noise level of the output signal after capacitor processing, and monitors the withstand voltage stability and lifespan degradation parameters of the filter capacitor C1 under high-frequency charge and discharge conditions. Combined with the overall voltage protection effect of the protection unit 30, the server evaluates the supporting role of this capacitor in the purity and safety redundancy of the voltage sampling link signal, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the voltage signal received by the acquisition unit 40.

[0060] At the circuit level, the positive voltage sampling signal output by the single-unit connection unit 20 is connected to one end of the fuse F1. When a short circuit fault occurs in the circuit, the fuse F1 quickly cuts off the circuit and automatically restores the circuit after the fault is cleared, thus preventing the fault range from expanding. The other end of the fuse F1 is simultaneously connected to the cathode of the Zener diode D1 and one end of the resistor R1.

[0061] Among them, the Zener diode D1 implements overvoltage protection and reverse connection protection functions in the circuit. For example, when the circuit voltage exceeds the set threshold, the Zener diode D1 breaks down in reverse to limit the voltage and prevent overvoltage from damaging the subsequent circuit. When the circuit is reverse connected, the Zener diode D1 blocks the abnormal current to avoid the reverse current from damaging the system.

[0062] The other end of resistor R1 is filtered by a 100n / 50V filter capacitor before outputting a signal. Simultaneously, the negative voltage output from unit 20 is connected to the anode of Zener diode D1 and filtered by the same filter capacitor C1 before outputting a signal. The voltage signal processed by protection unit 30 is transmitted to acquisition unit 40 via copper foil traces, providing "purified" voltage data for subsequent voltage detection.

[0063] For example, during the operation of the battery pack in an industrial and commercial energy storage power station, the battery positive electrode voltage sampling input signal output by the single-cell connection unit 20 is connected to one end of the fuse F1. The server collects the on / off status data of the fuse F1 in real time to monitor the response of the short-circuit protection function. The other end of the fuse F1 is connected to the cathode of the Zener diode D1 and one end of the resistor R1 (resistance value 100Ω). The server continuously tracks the voltage change at this node to verify the clamping effect of the Zener diode D1 on the overvoltage signal. The other end of the resistor R1 is filtered by a 100n / 50V filter capacitor C1 before outputting the signal. The server analyzes the voltage noise filtering waveform of the capacitor R1 to ensure signal purity.

[0064] Simultaneously, the negative battery voltage output from the single-cell connection unit 20 is connected to the anode of the Zener diode D1 and is also filtered by the filter capacitor C1 before being output. The server compares the filtering consistency of the positive and negative signals, as well as the current surge data of the circuit during reverse connection, to evaluate the reverse connection protection performance of the Zener diode D1. The server integrates information such as the self-recovery record of the fuse F1, the clamping threshold of the Zener diode D1, and the signal purification parameters of the RC components to provide a basis for fault warning and parameter optimization of the voltage detection link, ensuring the safety and accuracy of voltage sampling of the battery pack in high-frequency charging and discharging scenarios.

[0065] In one implementation, see Figure 3 As shown, the heat-conducting unit 70 is a PCB (Printed Circuit Board) copper foil. The PCB copper foil has a cutout 701 in the center. The temperature sensing unit 80 is placed in the center of the cutout 701. The size of the cutout 701 meets the safety distance requirements between the heat-conducting unit 70 and the temperature sensing unit 80.

[0066] It is worth noting that the "cutout 701" refers to the copper-free area formed by etching away copper foil in a specific area of ​​the PCB copper foil. The size (diameter or side length) of the cutout 701 is larger than the size of the temperature sensing unit 80, so that there is physical isolation between the temperature sensing unit 80 and the heat conduction unit 70. This prevents short circuits, arc discharges or leakage under high voltage or creepage conditions, and ensures the circuit safety and reliability of the energy storage battery detection system.

[0067] The required safe distance between the heat-conducting unit 70 and the temperature-sensing unit 80 depends on the operating voltage, environmental conditions, and safety standards of the energy storage battery system.

[0068] The heat-conducting unit 70 uses PCB copper foil, which is usually a thick copper layer, for rapid heat transfer. However, if the copper foil itself carries a large current (such as in a power circuit), it will generate Joule heat due to resistance. If it directly contacts the temperature sensing unit 80 (such as a thermistor or temperature sensor), the measured temperature will include the heat of the copper foil itself, causing measurement deviation. Therefore, a hole 701 is made in the center of the copper foil of the heat-conducting unit 70 to provide an independent installation space for the temperature sensing unit 80, avoiding direct contact between the heat-conducting unit 70 and the temperature sensing unit 80, thereby preventing the Joule heat generated by the copper foil current from interfering with the temperature measurement.

[0069] In one embodiment, the size of the cutout 701 is calculated based on the current in the PCB copper foil, the size of the temperature sensing unit 80, and the accuracy requirements of the temperature sensing unit 80, so as to maintain a safe distance between the temperature sensing unit 80 and the heat-conducting unit 70. Furthermore, the temperature sensing unit 80 is placed centrally within the cutout 701 to avoid localized thermal interference caused by offset. For example, if the temperature sensing unit 80 is close to one side of the copper foil of the heat-conducting unit 70, heat from that side may affect the measurement through air convection.

[0070] In the hole 701, the surface of the temperature sensing unit 80 and the hole area between the temperature sensing unit 80 and the heat-conducting unit 70 are covered with thermally conductive silicone. The contact area between the heat-conducting unit 70 and the thermally conductive silicone is opened by chemical etching.

[0071] It is worth noting that the copper foil in the contact area with the silicone is chemically etched to expose the substrate, which can increase the adhesion of the thermally conductive silicone and prevent the silicone and copper foil from delaminating due to thermal cycling.

[0072] In one embodiment, the heat-conducting unit 70 is connected to the single-cell connection unit 20 via copper foil traces to achieve efficient heat conduction of the battery terminals of the energy storage battery 10. In terms of hardware design, the heat-conducting unit 70 uses a PCB-wide copper foil with a typical width of 20mm. A hole 701 is formed in its central area to house the temperature-sensing unit 80. The size of the hole 701 must strictly meet the safety distance requirements between the copper foil and the temperature-sensing unit 80 and its lead-out lines. After the temperature-sensing unit 80 is placed in the center of the hole 701, the area of ​​the hole 701 between the heat-conducting unit 70 and the temperature-sensing unit 80 is filled with thermally conductive silicone. Within the hole 701, the thermally conductive silicone covers the body of the temperature-sensing unit 80 and the space between the temperature-sensing unit 80 and the heat-conducting unit 70. Furthermore, the area where the heat-conducting unit 70 contacts the thermally conductive silicone is treated with copper foil openings to enhance heat transfer efficiency.

[0073] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the heat-conducting unit 70 is a PCB wide copper foil with a width of 20mm.

[0074] For example, in the operation of a commercial and industrial energy storage power station, the system's heat conduction unit 70 uses a 20mm wide copper foil from a PCB. The server collects in real time the temperature conduction rate of this PCB copper foil, the thermal resistance data at the connection point with the single-cell connection unit 20, and the dimensional compliance information of the perforated area (used to house the temperature sensing unit 80). Simultaneously, it tracks the heat transfer efficiency of the battery terminals conducted through this copper foil during charge and discharge cycles. Combined with the final temperature detection accuracy of the temperature sensing unit 80, the server evaluates the supporting effect of the 20mm width on the reliability of the thermal monitoring link, ensuring the accuracy and timeliness of battery temperature detection.

[0075] Optionally, see Figure 4As shown, the heat-conducting unit 70 includes a copper foil layer 703, an inner layer 704, and a via 702. The via 702 connects the copper foil layer 703 and the inner layer 704 to enable signal transmission across layers.

[0076] The temperature sensing unit 80 is electrically connected to the acquisition unit 40 via copper foil traces (T+ and T-), wherein the copper foil traces pass through the via 702 and the inner layer 704 so that the copper foil traces avoid the copper foil layer 703.

[0077] In one embodiment, the copper foil layer is typically located on the surface of the PCB board (such as the top or bottom layer), responsible for the initial absorption and dissipation of heat, for example... Figure 4 As shown, copper foil layer 703 is the top layer (surface) of the heat-conducting unit, and the inner layer 704 is below copper foil layer 703. Other layers (not shown in the figure) may also be included below the inner layer 704.

[0078] For example, the temperature sensing unit 80 (such as a temperature sensor) needs to transmit the signal to the acquisition unit 40 (such as the AD sampling interface of an MCU) via copper foil traces (T+ and T-, i.e., the positive and negative lines of the temperature signal). Given that... Figure 3 The positional relationship between the heat-conducting unit 70 and the temperature-sensing unit 80 is shown. When the copper foil trace between the temperature-sensing unit 80 and the acquisition unit 40 is close to the copper foil layer 703 of the heat-conducting unit 70, electromagnetic noise or thermal coupling effect may interfere with the temperature signal in the copper foil trace. Therefore, the copper foil trace needs to avoid the surface copper foil layer 703. The specific method is as follows: One end of the copper foil trace is connected to the temperature sensing unit 80, and the other end of the copper foil trace is drilled from the surface layer to the inner layer 704 through the via 702. The signal transmission is then completed in the inner layer 704 and finally connected to the acquisition unit 40. This ensures that the copper foil traces (T+ and T-) of the temperature sensing unit 80 are electrically isolated from the copper foil layer 703, reducing signal loss and interference.

[0079] This design addresses the pain points of uneven battery temperature distribution and interference with temperature measurement signals through the above solutions, achieving a balance between cost and performance.

[0080] See Figures 1 to 3 The following illustrates one implementation method for collecting the temperature of an energy storage battery: When the energy storage battery 10 generates heat at the battery terminals during charging and discharging, this heat is transferred to the heat conduction unit 70 through the single-cell connection unit 20, and then efficiently conducted to the temperature sensing unit 80 via the thermally conductive silicone. The temperature sensing unit 80 converts the captured temperature information into an electrical signal. This electrical signal bypasses the copper foil layer 703 traces through the via 702 and the inner layer 704 to avoid electromagnetic interference during signal transmission, and is then transmitted to the acquisition unit 40 through the copper foil traces.

[0081] For example, during the operation of the energy storage battery array 10 in a large-scale industrial and commercial energy storage power station, the thermal conductive unit 70 in the system uses a 20mm wide PCB copper foil. A hole 701 with a safety clearance is cut out in the center of the foil, and a temperature sensing unit 80 is precisely installed within the hole 701. The server collects data on the copper foil specifications, hole dimensions, and the installation position of the temperature sensing unit 80 in real time to verify the physical structure's suitability for safety and heat conduction. Subsequently, the hole area (hole 701) between the thermal conductive unit 70 and the temperature sensing unit 80 is filled with thermally conductive silicone. The silicone completely covers the surface of the temperature sensing unit 80 and the gap between the PCB copper foil and the temperature sensing unit 80. Furthermore, the contact area between the thermal conductive unit 70 and the thermally conductive silicone is treated with copper foil openings. The server continuously monitors the integrity of the thermally conductive silicone filling and the compliance of the opening process to ensure that the heat from the energy storage battery 10's terminals, after being transferred to the thermal conductive unit 70 via the individual cell connection unit 20, can be efficiently conducted to the temperature sensing unit 80 through the thermally conductive silicone. When the temperature sensing unit 80 captures the temperature and converts it into an electrical signal, and this electrical signal is transmitted through the via 702 and the inner layer 704, bypassing the copper foil layer 703, the server simultaneously collects electromagnetic interference data and signal integrity parameters of the signal path. Combined with the information of the entire heat transfer process, the server analyzes the temperature detection accuracy and provides data support for optimizing temperature control strategies and fault early warning in high-load charging and discharging scenarios, ensuring reliable and safe thermal state monitoring of the energy storage battery 10.

[0082] Optionally, see Figure 5 As shown, the energy storage battery testing system also includes an isolation unit 50 and a control unit 60.

[0083] The isolation unit 50 is electrically connected to the acquisition unit 40, and the isolation unit 50 is used to electrically isolate the acquisition unit 40 from the control unit 60.

[0084] The control unit 60 is electrically connected to the isolation unit 50. The control unit 60 is used to control the charging and discharging of the energy storage battery 10 and / or thermal management.

[0085] In one embodiment, the isolation unit 50 is electrically connected to the acquisition unit 40 via copper foil traces, and the control unit 60 is electrically connected to the isolation unit 50 via copper foil traces.

[0086] The acquisition unit 40 is typically directly connected to the high-voltage side, such as 48V / 100V, while the control unit 60 is mostly a low-voltage logic circuit, such as a 3.3V / 5V MCU. If the two are directly electrically connected, high-voltage surges and high-frequency noise from the battery side (such as switching noise during charging and discharging) may enter the control unit 60 through wires or ground loops, causing chip damage or logic misjudgment. Therefore, the isolation unit 60 blocks noise, high voltage, or ground potential differences in the electrical connection, acting as a safety barrier between the acquisition unit 40 (responsible for battery status signal acquisition) and the control unit 60 (responsible for decision-making and control), protecting the safety of the energy storage battery detection system.

[0087] The isolation unit 50 can be an optocoupler, a digital isolator, or an isolation transformer. The isolation unit 50 only allows signals (such as voltage / current sample values) to pass through, while blocking the direct conduction of high voltage, high current, or noise.

[0088] In one embodiment, the acquisition unit 40 is used to convert the acquired battery power and voltage into digital signals and transmit them to the control unit 60. The control unit 60 can be an MCU (Microcontroller Unit). The MCU receives the battery voltage and battery temperature signals processed by the acquisition unit 40 through the isolation unit 50, calculates the battery status (such as SOC remaining power, SOH health status, etc.), and controls the charging and discharging process of the energy storage battery and the thermal management system (such as controlling the operation of the heat conduction unit) according to the calculated battery status and in combination with the preset strategy, so as to ensure the safe and efficient operation of the battery.

[0089] For example, the control unit 60 receives the acquired signals (such as battery voltage, temperature, and current) after isolation processing by the isolation unit 50, and executes the following core control logic: Charge / discharge control: Adjust the charge / discharge strategy according to the battery status (e.g., the SOC and SOH of the energy storage battery). For example, start charging when the battery SOC is below 20%, reduce the charging current when the SOC is above 90%, and immediately disconnect the charge / discharge circuit in case of overvoltage / overcurrent.

[0090] Thermal management control: The cooling fan or PTC heating is activated based on temperature sensor data (e.g., battery pack temperature > 45°C) to maintain the battery in the optimal operating temperature range of 25~35°C, thus avoiding accelerated aging due to high temperatures or reduced capacity due to low temperatures.

[0091] From a microscopic technical implementation perspective, the copper foil traces on the PCB board need to undergo electromagnetic compatibility and current carrying capacity optimization: the copper foil traces corresponding to the heat conduction unit 70 need to balance heat conduction efficiency and signal anti-interference performance; the copper foil traces between the acquisition unit 40 and the isolation unit 50 need to optimize impedance matching to ensure the integrity of signal transmission at the isolated communication interface. The design and implementation of these technical details ensure seamless integration of the system in all aspects, including physical connections, signal transmission, and functional collaboration. This provides efficient, safe, and intelligent detection and management methods for energy storage systems in different application scenarios, promoting the continuous development and widespread application of power energy storage technology, and achieving reliable control and energy efficiency improvement throughout the entire process from the energy storage battery 10 to the end application.

[0092] In this embodiment of the disclosure, for example, during the operation of an industrial and commercial energy storage power station, the isolated communication interface of the acquisition unit 40 transmits processed battery voltage and temperature signals in a differential manner. The first differential signal port and the second differential signal port are respectively connected to the isolation unit 50. The server collects data such as the signal amplitude difference and timing synchronization transmitted through the interface in real time, monitors the electrical parameters of the isolation unit 50 and its two connections, analyzes the signal anti-interference capability under complex electromagnetic environments, and ensures stable signal transmission between the acquisition unit 40 and the isolation unit 50, providing reliable link support for the control unit 60 to accurately collect battery information.

[0093] Optionally, the output of the acquisition unit 40 is an isolated communication interface (isoSPI interface), which has a first differential signal port (IP port) and a second differential signal port (IM port), and the isolation unit is connected to the first differential signal port and the second differential signal port respectively.

[0094] The first differential signal port is used to transmit the forward differential signal, and the second differential signal port is used to transmit the reverse differential signal. The acquisition unit 40 improves the anti-interference capability and signal integrity of signal transmission through its first differential signal port and second differential signal port.

[0095] For example, the acquisition unit 40 simultaneously receives the voltage signal from the protection unit 30 and the temperature signal from the temperature sensing unit 80. After accurately detecting and preliminarily processing the two types of signals, the processed signals are transmitted through an isolated communication interface (such as an isoSPI differential interface) with a first differential signal port and a second differential signal port. The isolated communication interface adopts a differential transmission mode, which can significantly improve the anti-interference capability of the signal in complex electromagnetic environments and ensure the integrity of signal transmission. The signal processed and output by the acquisition unit 40 is transmitted to the isolation unit 50 through copper foil traces.

[0096] The isolation unit 50 is connected to the acquisition unit 40 via copper foil traces, achieving electrical isolation between the acquisition unit 40 and the subsequent control unit 60. During the operation of the power storage system, there are potential differences and electromagnetic interference risks between the functional units. The isolation unit 50 cuts off the direct electrical connection between the acquisition unit 40 and the control unit 60, while ensuring the safety and stability of the isoSPI signal output by the acquisition unit 40 during transmission, preventing external interference from entering the control unit 60 and affecting the data acquisition accuracy. The signal after electrical isolation is transmitted to the control unit 60 via copper foil traces.

[0097] As the data acquisition and processing hub of the system, the control unit 60 receives voltage and temperature signals transmitted from the isolation unit 50 and completes signal acquisition, processing, and storage operations. In large-scale industrial and commercial energy storage power station applications, the control unit 60 analyzes the acquired data based on its built-in algorithm to determine whether the energy storage battery 10 has experienced abnormal states such as overcharging, over-discharging, or overheating. If the temperature exceeds a set threshold, the control unit 60 can coordinate with the cooling system to adjust operating parameters or directly regulate the charging and discharging strategy to ensure the safe operation of the energy storage system. In home energy storage applications, the control unit 60 uploads the acquired battery status data to the smart home terminal in real time, allowing users to intuitively grasp the battery's operating status. At the same time, the control unit 60 can push the processed data to the cloud management platform, providing data support for remote monitoring systems and big data analysis platforms, and helping the energy storage system achieve intelligent operation and maintenance and energy efficiency optimization.

[0098] The energy storage battery testing system provided in this disclosure innovatively adopts an integrated PCB motherboard and copper foil trace design, replacing traditional wire harness connections with an onboard copper foil conductive network, thus constructing a highly collaborative intelligent testing system for functional units. This system achieves closed-loop detection across the entire chain, from energy storage battery status sensing, voltage signal safety protection, and terminal temperature conduction detection, to electrical signal processing, electrical isolation, and data acquisition. Unlike traditional wiring harness detection solutions, this design not only effectively avoids high costs, complex processes, insulation failure risks, and potential for overheating and short circuits, but also significantly improves system integration and operational reliability through an integrated PCB architecture.

[0099] In large-scale energy storage scenarios such as photovoltaic power plants, energy storage battery testing systems provide a technological foundation for the large-scale collaborative management of hundreds or thousands of battery groups by means of refined cell testing of individual connection units, rapid fault isolation mechanisms of protection units, real-time thermal monitoring of thermal conduction units and temperature sensing units, high-precision signal transmission guarantee of acquisition units and isolation units, and clustered strategy decision-making of control units.

[0100] In home energy storage applications, its compact architecture and high reliability design perfectly meet civilian needs: flexible electrical interface solutions that support screw connections or busbar welding, active protection against overvoltage and overcurrent by the protection unit, high-precision temperature detection, and a seamless linkage mechanism between the control unit and the smart home system, all of which jointly promote the deep implementation and widespread application of power energy storage technology in the civilian field.

[0101] The optional embodiments of this application have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the embodiments of this application are not limited to the specific details described above. Within the scope of the technical concept of the embodiments of this application, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, and these simple modifications all fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, it should be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable manner without contradiction. As long as such combination does not violate the spirit of the embodiments of this application, it should also be considered as the content disclosed in the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A battery storage testing system, characterized in that, The system includes an energy storage battery (10), a single cell connection unit (20), a protection unit (30), a heat conduction unit (70), a temperature sensing unit (80), and a data acquisition unit (40). The single-unit connection unit (20) is connected to the energy storage battery (10), and the single-unit connection unit (20) is used to conduct the voltage and temperature of the energy storage battery (10); The protection unit (30) is electrically connected to the single-cell connection unit (20), and the protection unit (30) is used to protect the voltage detection safety of the energy storage battery (10); The heat-conducting unit (70) is electrically connected to the single-cell connection unit (20), and the temperature-sensing unit (80) is thermally coupled to the heat-conducting unit (70). The heat-conducting unit (70) is used to conduct heat to the temperature of the energy storage battery (10). The acquisition unit (40) is electrically connected to the protection unit (30) and the temperature sensing unit (80) respectively. The acquisition unit (40) is used to acquire the voltage and temperature information of the energy storage battery (10).

2. The energy storage battery testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The energy storage battery (10) is composed of multiple individual cells connected in series. The output terminal of the energy storage battery (10) outputs the battery voltage of the energy storage battery (10) to the protection unit (30) through the individual cell connection unit (20). The protection unit (30) then outputs the protected battery voltage to the acquisition unit (40).

3. The energy storage battery testing system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The protection unit (30) includes a fuse F1, a Zener diode D1, a resistor R1, and a filter capacitor C1; The positive voltage output terminal of the single-unit connection unit (20) is connected to the input terminal of the fuse F1. The output terminal of the fuse F1 is connected to the cathode of the Zener diode D1 and one end of the resistor R1. The other end of the resistor R1 is connected to the positive terminal of the filter capacitor C1. The connection point between the positive terminal of the filter capacitor C1 and the other end of the resistor R1 serves as the positive signal output terminal and is connected to the positive voltage input terminal of the acquisition unit (40). The negative voltage output terminal of the single-unit connection unit (20) is connected to the anode of the Zener diode D1 and the negative terminal of the filter capacitor C1, respectively. The negative terminal of the filter capacitor C1 is connected to the negative voltage input terminal of the acquisition unit (40) as the negative signal output terminal.

4. The energy storage battery testing system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The fuse F1 has a self-recovery characteristic after it has been blown.

5. The energy storage battery testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The heat-conducting unit (70) is a PCB copper foil, and the PCB copper foil has a hole (701) in the center. The temperature sensing unit (80) is placed in the center of the hole (701). The size of the hole (701) meets the safety distance requirements between the heat-conducting unit (70) and the temperature sensing unit (80). In the hole (701), the surface of the temperature sensing unit (80) and the area of ​​the hole (701) between the temperature sensing unit (80) and the heat-conducting unit (70) are covered with thermally conductive silicone, and the contact area between the heat-conducting unit (70) and the thermally conductive silicone is opened by chemical etching.

6. The energy storage battery testing system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The heat-conducting unit (70) includes a copper foil layer (703), an inner layer (704), and a via (702), wherein the via (702) connects the copper foil layer (703) and the inner layer (704). The temperature sensing unit (80) is electrically connected to the acquisition unit (40) through a copper foil trace, wherein the copper foil trace passes through the via (702) and the inner layer (704) so ​​that the copper foil trace avoids the copper foil layer (703).

7. The energy storage battery testing system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The energy storage battery (10) detection system also includes an isolation unit (50) and a control unit (60); The isolation unit (50) is electrically connected to the acquisition unit (40), and the isolation unit (50) is used to electrically isolate the acquisition unit (40) from the control unit (60). The control unit (60) is electrically connected to the isolation unit (50), and the control unit (60) is used to perform charge and discharge control and / or thermal management control on the energy storage battery (10).

8. The energy storage battery testing system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The output of the acquisition unit (40) is an isolated communication interface. The isolated communication interface has a first differential signal port and a second differential signal port. The isolation unit (50) is connected to the first differential signal port and the second differential signal port respectively.

9. The energy storage battery testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The single-unit connection unit (20) is connected to the energy storage battery (10) by means of screw connection.

10. The energy storage battery testing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The single-unit connection unit (20) is connected to the energy storage battery (10) by means of integrated busbar welding.

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