Steam flow automatic distribution device

Abstract

The utility model relates to steam distribution technical field discloses steam flow automatic distribution device, include: steam main pipeline, steam main pipeline one end is equipped with the spherical distributor, the spherical distributor is equipped with a plurality of export ends, four export ends are provided with distribution pipe respectively, the spherical distributor includes lower hemisphere shell and upper hemisphere shell, the lower hemisphere shell center is fixed with fixed pipe, the fixed pipe outer wall and lower hemisphere shell inner wall between being equipped with the baffle, the lower hemisphere shell inside is separated with a plurality of distribution cavities through the baffle, the utility model discloses through the baffle, tangential inlet pipe, arc roof plate etc. Multiple flow guide structure of inside spherical distributor, arc roof plate buffer steam impact, tangential inlet pipe realizes gas -liquid even mixing, the baffle realizes physical isolation, and the accurate adjustment of cooperation electric flow regulating valve and electric steam regulating valve solve the problem that traditional device flow field is disorderly, and the evenness of shunting has been improved significantly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of steam distribution technology, specifically to an automatic steam flow distribution device. Background Technology

[0002] In the field of heavy oil thermal recovery, the multi-branch distribution of high-temperature and high-pressure steam is a key technological step, with steam injection being the most typical example. Currently, the steam distribution devices commonly used in the thermal recovery industry typically consist of a combination of a three-way or multi-way distributor and manual valves.

[0003] In heavy oil thermal recovery applications, the typical configuration of existing technologies is as follows: high-temperature, high-pressure steam generated by the boiler is transported to the distribution station via the main pipeline, and then split through cast steel tees or four-way distributors. Each branch pipeline is equipped with a manual shut-off valve and a glass tube flow meter. Operators need to manually adjust the opening of the shut-off valve by observing the flow meter reading to control the branch flow. In some scenarios with slightly higher accuracy requirements, the manual valves are replaced with pneumatic or electric regulating valves.

[0004] However, the steam distributors in existing devices are mostly straight-cylinder or multi-channel distributors without internal flow guiding and separation structures. After the steam enters, the flow field is disturbed, resulting in significant deviations in the flow rate of each branch. In the application scenario with four branches, the maximum flow rate deviation can reach more than 25%. The problem of uneven distribution is prominent, which directly affects the uniformity of reservoir heating in heavy oil thermal recovery. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an automatic steam flow distribution device to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: an automatic steam flow distribution device, comprising: a main steam pipeline, a spherical distributor at one end of the main steam pipeline, the spherical distributor having multiple outlet ends, and distribution pipes respectively provided at the four outlet ends; the spherical distributor includes a lower hemispherical shell and an upper hemispherical shell, a fixed pipe fixed in the center of the lower hemispherical shell, a partition between the outer wall of the fixed pipe and the inner wall of the lower hemispherical shell, multiple distribution chambers separated inside the lower hemispherical shell by the partition, an electric flow regulating valve provided on one side of the outer wall of the lower hemispherical shell for each distribution chamber, and an outlet groove opened inside the fixed pipe on one side of the distribution chamber.

[0007] Furthermore, an air inlet is provided at the center of the top of the upper hemispherical shell, and one end of the air inlet is fixed to one end of the main steam pipe.

[0008] Furthermore, the top of the fixed tube is closed, and a sealing cover is provided on the upper half of the outer wall of the fixed tube above the partition.

[0009] Furthermore, the fixed tube has a tangential air inlet pipe on its side wall, which is located above the sealing cover plate.

[0010] Furthermore, an arc-shaped top plate is provided between the inner walls of the upper hemisphere shell and the air inlet, and a connecting rod is provided between the arc-shaped top plate and the inner wall of the upper hemisphere shell.

[0011] Furthermore, the raised surface of the arc-shaped top plate faces the air inlet.

[0012] Furthermore, the main steam pipeline is equipped with a first thermal steam valve, a first high-temperature and high-pressure gauge valve, and a temperature sensor in sequence according to the steam flow direction, and the first high-temperature and high-pressure gauge valve is equipped with a first pressure sensor.

[0013] Furthermore, the distribution pipe is equipped with an electric thermal steam valve, a steam two-phase flow meter, an electric steam regulating valve, a second high-temperature and high-pressure gauge valve, and a thermal steam one-way shut-off valve in sequence according to the steam flow direction. The second high-temperature and high-pressure gauge valve is equipped with a second pressure sensor.

[0014] Furthermore, a branch pipe is provided on one side of the distribution pipe, and the connection between the branch pipe and the distribution pipe is located between the thermal steam one-way shut-off valve and the second high-temperature and high-pressure gauge valve.

[0015] Furthermore, a second thermal steam extraction valve and a thermal steam extraction vent valve are sequentially installed on the branch pipe according to the steam flow direction.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: This invention utilizes multiple flow-guiding structures within the spherical distributor, including baffles, tangential inlet pipes, and an arc-shaped top plate, to construct a three-stage flow field optimization system encompassing buffered diffusion, tangential swirling, and independent chambers. The arc-shaped top plate buffers steam impact, the tangential inlet pipes ensure uniform gas-liquid mixing, and the baffles provide physical isolation. Combined with precise adjustments from electric flow control valves and electric steam control valves, this solves the problem of turbulent flow fields in traditional devices, controlling the maximum flow deviation of the four branches to well below 25%, significantly improving the uniformity of flow distribution.

[0017] By monitoring the steam dryness of each branch in real time using a two-phase steam flow meter, combined with the dynamic adjustment of an electric steam regulating valve, the problem of uneven dryness distribution in traditional devices is avoided. The steam output from the four branch pipes is highly consistent in parameters such as flow rate and dryness. When applied to heavy oil thermal recovery, it can ensure that the steam injection volume and quality of each injection well are uniform, allowing for uniform heating of all areas of the reservoir, effectively improving thermal recovery efficiency and crude oil production.

[0018] The parts of the device not covered herein are the same as or can be implemented using existing technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the automatic steam flow distribution device of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a perspective view of the spherical distributor of the automatic steam flow distribution device of this utility model; Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the spherical distributor of the automatic steam flow distribution device of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a front view of the spherical distributor of the automatic steam flow distribution device of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a front sectional view of the spherical distributor of the automatic steam flow distribution device of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a top view of the spherical distributor of the automatic steam flow distribution device of this utility model; Figure 7 This is a perspective view of the spherical distributor of the automatic steam flow distribution device of this utility model.

[0020] In the diagram: 1. Main steam pipeline; 2. Distribution pipe; 3. Branch pipe; 4. First thermal steam valve; 5. First high-temperature and high-pressure gauge valve; 6. First pressure sensor; 7. Temperature sensor; 8. Spherical distributor; 801. Lower hemispherical shell; 802. Upper hemispherical shell; 803. Air inlet; 804. Electric flow regulating valve; 805. Fixed pipe; 806. Baffle plate; 807. Sealing cover plate; 808. Outlet groove; 809. Tangential air inlet pipe; 810. Arc-shaped top plate; 811. Connecting rod; 9. Electric thermal steam valve; 10. Steam two-phase flow meter; 11. Electric steam regulating valve; 12. Second high-temperature and high-pressure gauge valve; 13. Second pressure sensor; 14. Thermal steam one-way shut-off valve; 15. Second thermal steam valve; 16. Thermal steam vent valve. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0022] Please see Figures 1-7This utility model provides a technical solution: an automatic steam flow distribution device, including: a main steam pipeline 1, a spherical distributor 8 at one end of the main steam pipeline 1, the spherical distributor 8 having multiple outlet ends, and distribution pipes 2 respectively provided at the four outlet ends. The main steam pipeline 1 provides a main transport channel for high-temperature and high-pressure steam. The spherical distributor 8, as the core diversion component, has multiple outlet ends corresponding one-to-one with the four distribution pipes 2, forming a basic flow channel architecture of main transport, centralized distribution, and branch transport. After the steam is transported to the spherical distributor 8 through the main pipeline 1, it is distributed to the four distribution pipes 2 through its internal structure.

[0023] The spherical distributor 8 includes a lower hemispherical shell 801 and an upper hemispherical shell 802. The upper hemispherical shell 802 and the lower hemispherical shell 801 form a sealed distribution space. A fixed pipe 805 is fixed in the center of the lower hemispherical shell 801. A partition 806 is provided between the outer wall of the fixed pipe 805 and the inner wall of the lower hemispherical shell 801. The interior of the lower hemispherical shell 801 is divided into multiple distribution chambers by the partition 806. The fixed pipe 805 provides stable support for the partition 806. The partition 806 divides the interior of the lower hemisphere into independent distribution chambers, realizing the physical separation of steam. An electric flow regulating valve 804 is provided on one side of each distribution chamber on the outer wall of the lower hemispherical shell 801. An outlet groove 808 is opened on one side of the distribution chamber inside the fixed pipe 805. The electric flow regulating valve 804 can adjust the steam flow rate of the corresponding distribution chamber according to the needs. The outlet groove 808 on the fixed pipe 805 provides a precise steam output interface for the distribution chamber, guiding the steam into the distribution chamber in a specific direction. The baffle 806 solves the problem of traditional distributors lacking a flow-guiding separation structure, preventing steam cross-flow between branches; the electric flow regulating valve 804 enables independent flow control of a single distribution chamber, and with the pressure sensors set before and after, it can specifically correct flow deviations; the outlet trough 808 ensures stable steam output direction, reduces flow field turbulence, and improves the single-chamber flow splitting accuracy.

[0024] An air inlet 803 is located at the center of the top of the upper hemisphere shell 802, with one end of the air inlet 803 fixed to one end of the main steam pipe 1. The air inlet 803 serves as the only channel for steam to enter the spherical distributor 8, and is located at the center of the top of the upper hemisphere, precisely connecting with the main steam pipe 1, so that the steam enters the distributor vertically along the axial direction, avoiding uneven initial flow field caused by the deviation of the steam incident direction.

[0025] The top of the fixed tube 805 is closed, and a sealing cover 807 is provided on the outer wall of the upper half of the fixed tube 805 above the partition plate 806. The closed top of the fixed tube 805 prevents steam from penetrating directly from the top of the fixed tube 805, forcing the steam to diffuse only in the space above the sealing cover 807; the sealing cover 807 completely isolates the distribution chamber of the lower hemisphere from the air intake space of the upper hemisphere, preventing steam from entering the distribution chamber directly without undergoing flow field optimization.

[0026] A tangential air inlet pipe 809 is provided on the side wall of the fixed pipe 805, located above the sealing cover plate 807. The tangential air inlet pipe 809 is arranged tangentially along the side wall of the fixed pipe 805. After the steam diffuses in the space above the sealing cover plate 807, it forms a rotating airflow through the tangential air inlet pipe 809. Centrifugal force is used to fully mix the gas and liquid phases in the steam, eliminating steam separation and addressing the two-phase flow characteristics of steam. The swirling flow field created by the tangential air inlet solves the problem of uneven dryness distribution caused by gas-liquid separation in traditional distributors. The swirling effect ensures that the steam forms a uniform flow pattern before entering the distribution chambers, providing a stable fluid basis for the precise flow distribution by the baffle plate 806. The rotating airflow then uniformly flows downwards into each distribution chamber, eliminating stratification.

[0027] An arc-shaped top plate 810 is provided between the inner walls of the upper hemisphere shell 802 and the upper hemisphere shell 802. The arc-shaped top plate 810 is located directly below the air inlet 803, and a connecting rod 811 is provided between the arc-shaped top plate 810 and the inner wall of the upper hemisphere shell 802. The connecting rod 811 fixes the arc-shaped top plate 810 inside the upper hemisphere shell 802, and the arc-shaped top plate 810 is directly below the air inlet 803. After the steam is ejected from the air inlet 803, it first impacts the raised surface of the arc-shaped top plate 810, and diffuses evenly in all directions through the guiding effect of the arc surface, avoiding excessively high local flow velocity caused by direct steam hitting the lower hemisphere. This prevents component deformation due to airflow impact and maintains long-term flow distribution accuracy.

[0028] The raised surface of the arc-shaped top plate 810 faces the air inlet 803. With the raised surface facing the air inlet 803, when steam impacts the top plate, it can quickly disperse in all directions along the curved surface of the raised surface, forming a uniform radial airflow. Compared with a flat top plate, this can reduce the stagnation and eddy current phenomenon of steam at the top plate.

[0029] The main steam pipeline 1 is equipped with a first thermal recovery steam valve 4, a first high-temperature and high-pressure gauge valve 5, and a temperature sensor 7, arranged sequentially according to the steam flow direction. The first high-temperature and high-pressure gauge valve 5 is equipped with a first pressure sensor 6. The first thermal recovery steam valve 4 controls the opening and closing of the main steam pipeline 1, enabling the overall start-up and shutdown of the unit. The first high-temperature and high-pressure gauge valve 5, in conjunction with the first pressure sensor 6, monitors the steam pressure in the main pipeline in real time, while the temperature sensor 7 collects steam temperature data in real time. These three components work together to provide the basic parameters of the inlet steam for subsequent branch flow control. This achieves comprehensive monitoring of steam inlet parameters, solving the problem of incomplete parameter monitoring in traditional units. The first thermal recovery steam valve 4 can quickly cut off the steam, improving the emergency safety of the unit. The pressure and temperature data provide a basis for subsequent branch flow regulation, providing preliminary data support for precise control.

[0030] The distribution pipe 2 is equipped with, in sequence according to the steam flow direction, an electric thermal recovery steam valve 9, a steam two-phase flow meter 10, an electric steam regulating valve 11, a second high-temperature and high-pressure gauge valve 12, and a thermal recovery steam one-way shut-off valve 14. A second pressure sensor 13 is installed on the second high-temperature and high-pressure gauge valve 12. The electric thermal recovery steam valve 9 controls the on / off state of a single distribution pipe 2; the steam two-phase flow meter 10 monitors key parameters such as steam flow rate and dryness in the pipe in real time; the electric steam regulating valve 11 adjusts the valve opening based on the monitoring data to correct flow deviations; the second high-temperature and high-pressure gauge valve 12 and the second pressure sensor 13 monitor the pressure at the end of the branch pipe; and the thermal recovery steam one-way shut-off valve 14 prevents downstream medium backflow and improves the operational reliability of the device.

[0031] A branch pipe 3 is provided on one side of the distribution pipe 2. The connection between the branch pipe 3 and the distribution pipe 2 is located between the thermal steam one-way shut-off valve 14 and the second high-temperature and high-pressure gauge valve 12. The branch pipe 3 serves as a bypass channel for the distribution pipe 2. Its connection position avoids the core control area of ​​the steam two-phase flow meter 10 and the electric steam regulating valve 11. It can divert and vent the steam in the distribution pipe 2 without affecting the main control process.

[0032] A second thermal steam extraction valve 15 and a thermal steam vent valve 16 are sequentially installed on the branch pipe 3 according to the steam flow direction. The second thermal steam extraction valve 15 controls the opening and closing of the branch pipe 3, and the thermal steam vent valve 16 can adjust the venting amount. When the pressure in the distribution pipe 2 exceeds the set threshold, the valve can be opened to release excess steam and reduce the pressure in the pipe.

[0033] This invention utilizes multiple flow-guiding structures within the spherical distributor 8, including a baffle 806, a tangential inlet pipe 809, and an arc-shaped top plate 810, to construct a three-stage flow field optimization system encompassing buffered diffusion, tangential swirling flow, and independent chamber division. The arc-shaped top plate 810 buffers steam impact, the tangential inlet pipe 809 achieves uniform gas-liquid mixing, and the baffle 806 provides physical isolation. Combined with the precise adjustment of the electric flow regulating valve 804 and the electric steam regulating valve 11, this invention solves the problem of turbulent flow field in traditional devices, controlling the maximum flow deviation of the four branches to well below 25%, significantly improving the uniformity of flow distribution.

[0034] The steam dryness of each branch is monitored in real time by a two-phase flow meter 10, and combined with the dynamic adjustment of the electric steam regulating valve 11, the problem of uneven dryness distribution in traditional devices is avoided. The steam output from the four branch pipes 2 is highly consistent in parameters such as flow rate and dryness. When applied to heavy oil thermal recovery, it can keep the steam injection volume and quality of each injection well uniform, so that the oil reservoir is heated evenly, effectively improving thermal recovery efficiency and crude oil production.

[0035] Based on the embodiments of this utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this utility model.

Claims

1. An automatic steam flow distribution device, comprising: A steam main pipeline (1) is characterized in that: a spherical distributor (8) is provided at one end of the steam main pipeline (1), the spherical distributor (8) is provided with multiple outlet ends, and each of the four outlet ends is provided with a distribution pipe (2). The spherical distributor (8) includes a lower hemispherical shell (801) and an upper hemispherical shell (802). A fixed pipe (805) is fixed in the center of the lower hemispherical shell (801). A partition (806) is provided between the outer wall of the fixed pipe (805) and the inner wall of the lower hemispherical shell (801). The lower hemispherical shell (801) is divided into multiple distribution chambers by the partition (806). An electric flow regulating valve (804) is provided on one side of each distribution chamber on the outer wall of the lower hemispherical shell (801). An outlet groove (808) is opened on one side of the distribution chamber inside the fixed pipe (805).

2. The automatic steam flow distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper hemispherical shell (802) has an air inlet (803) at the center of its top, and one end of the air inlet (803) is fixed to one end of the main steam pipe (1).

3. The automatic steam flow distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the fixed tube (805) is closed, and the upper half of the outer wall of the fixed tube (805) is provided with a sealing cover plate (807) above the partition plate (806).

4. The automatic steam flow distribution device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The fixed tube (805) has a tangential air inlet pipe (809) on its side wall, and the tangential air inlet pipe (809) is located above the sealing cover plate (807).

5. The automatic steam flow distribution device according to claim 3, characterized in that: An arc-shaped top plate (810) is provided between the inner wall of the upper hemisphere shell (802) and the air inlet (803). A connecting rod (811) is provided between the arc-shaped top plate (810) and the inner wall of the upper hemisphere shell (802).

6. The automatic steam flow distribution device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The raised surface of the arc-shaped top plate (810) faces the air inlet (803).

7. The automatic steam flow distribution device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main steam pipeline (1) is provided with a first thermal steam valve (4), a first high temperature and high pressure gauge valve (5) and a temperature sensor (7) in sequence according to the steam flow direction. The first high temperature and high pressure gauge valve (5) is provided with a first pressure sensor (6).

8. The automatic steam flow distribution device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The distribution pipe (2) is provided with an electric thermal steam valve (9), a steam two-phase flow meter (10), an electric steam regulating valve (11), a second high temperature and high pressure gauge valve (12) and a thermal steam one-way shut-off valve (14) in sequence according to the steam flow direction. The second high temperature and high pressure gauge valve (12) is provided with a second pressure sensor (13).

9. The automatic steam flow distribution device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A branch pipe (3) is provided on one side of the distribution pipe (2), and the connection between the branch pipe (3) and the distribution pipe (2) is located between the thermal steam one-way shut-off valve (14) and the second high temperature and high pressure gauge valve (12).

10. The automatic steam flow distribution device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The branch pipe (3) is provided with a second thermal steam valve (15) and a thermal steam vent valve (16) in sequence according to the steam flow direction.

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