A total knee arthroplasty guide

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of total knee joint replacement guide plate, specifically in the technical field of total knee joint replacement guide plate, including fixed plate, the fixed plate top is equipped with positioning plate, the positioning plate front end extends to the front side of fixed plate, the positioning plate front end is bent down and is fixed with two clamping plates, three contact components are equipped on the clamping plate, the contact component includes the scale rod that penetrates clamping plate, the clamping plate front end is equipped with detachable transparent tube.The utility model sets up multiple contact components on clamping plate, utilizes thrust spring to promote scale rod, so that each scale rod is contacted with the different position of femoral distal end, then the scale on scale rod is positioned to femoral distal end, then in the same way, prosthesis is positioned, ensure that prosthesis can carry out high-precision recovery to femoral distal end, to realize accurate positioning in this way, improve the precision of operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of total knee replacement guide plate technology, specifically to a total knee replacement guide plate. Background Technology

[0002] The knee joint is composed of the femur, tibia, and patella. It is a weight-bearing joint in the human body. When the human body performs actions such as running and jumping, the knee joint needs to withstand impact, so it is very easy to be injured or become diseased.

[0003] When a person's knee joint becomes painful, deformed, or even unable to stand or walk due to diseases such as rheumatism and arthritis, a total knee replacement surgery can be chosen as a treatment. This involves removing the diseased knee joint and installing an artificial prosthesis to replace the original knee joint.

[0004] This process requires the use of a total knee replacement guide plate, which is fixed to the distal femur of the patient. This allows for the effective determination of the osteotomy direction and amount of osteotomy at the distal femur, as exemplified by a total knee replacement guide plate disclosed in the prior art, CN215228120U.

[0005] However, the distal femur of the human body has an irregular curved surface, which can easily lead to one end of the guide plate not fitting tightly with the distal femur, making it impossible to accurately position the distal femur. Consequently, the implanted prosthesis cannot accurately restore the original femur, reducing the precision of the surgery. Utility Model Content

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a total knee replacement guide plate that uses the scale on a graduated rod to position the distal femur, and then positions the prosthesis in the same way, ensuring that the prosthesis can accurately restore the distal femur, thereby achieving precise positioning and improving the accuracy of the surgery.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: a total knee replacement guide plate, including a fixation plate, a positioning plate at the top of the fixation plate, the front end of the positioning plate extending to the front side of the fixation plate, and two clamping plates fixedly mounted on the front end of the positioning plate;

[0008] The card plate is provided with three contact components. Each contact component includes a scale rod that passes through the card plate and extends to the rear side of the card plate. The front end of the scale rod is spherical. The front end of the card plate is provided with a detachable transparent tube. The front end of the scale rod extends into the transparent tube and is fixedly provided with a thrust spring. One end of the thrust spring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the transparent tube.

[0009] Furthermore, a sleeve is fixedly provided through the card plate, the sleeve is sleeved on the outer end of the scale rod, the front end of the sleeve extends into the inside of the transparent tube, the rear end of the sleeve is flush with the rear end of the card plate, and the front end of the transparent tube is provided with a balance hole for balancing air pressure.

[0010] Furthermore, the fixation plate has two through-holes located on the rear side of the positioning plate. Bolts pass through the mounting holes, pass through the fixation plate, and connect to the femur. The bottom end of the fixation plate is a concave arc surface to fit against the outer end of the femur.

[0011] Furthermore, a tail plate is fixedly provided at the rear end of the positioning plate, the rear end of the tail plate is hinged to the top end of the fixed plate, and a through groove is provided at the top end of the positioning plate.

[0012] Furthermore, a support pad is fixedly provided at the top of the fixed plate. When the positioning plate is in use, the top of the support pad contacts the bottom of the positioning plate. An extension shaft is rotatably connected to the top of the positioning plate. The top of the extension shaft extends through a through groove to the top of the positioning plate and is fixedly provided with a pressure plate.

[0013] Furthermore, the top of the fixed plate is provided with two adsorption components, both of which are located behind the positioning plate. The adsorption components include a negative pressure tube fixedly installed on the top of the fixed plate. A ventilation hose communicating with the inside of the negative pressure tube is fixedly installed at the rear end of the negative pressure tube. A negative pressure pump needs to be connected to the rear end of the ventilation hose. A sealing ring is fixedly installed at the top of the negative pressure tube.

[0014] The technical effects and advantages provided by this utility model in the above technical solution are as follows:

[0015] 1. By setting multiple contact components on the card plate and using a thrust spring to push the scale rod, each scale rod contacts different positions on the distal femur. The distal femur is then positioned by the scale on the scale rod, and the prosthesis is positioned in the same way. This ensures that the prosthesis can restore the distal femur with high precision, thereby achieving accurate positioning and improving the accuracy of the surgery.

[0016] 2. By providing a tail plate that is hinged to the fixing plate at the rear end of the positioning plate, the positioning plate can be rotated backward and folded when not in use, thus avoiding obstruction and interference of the positioning plate on the osteotomy and prosthesis installation. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is the main view of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a rear view structural diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the folded positioning plate of this utility model;

[0020] Figure 4 For the present utility model Figure 1 Enlarged view of section A in the middle;

[0021] Figure 5 This is a side sectional view of the contact component of this utility model;

[0022] Figure 6 This is a side sectional view of the adsorption component of this utility model.

[0023] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0024] 1. Fixing plate; 101. Mounting hole; 2. Adsorption assembly; 201. Negative pressure pipe; 202. Ventilation hose; 203. Sealing ring; 3. Positioning plate; 301. Tail plate; 302. Clamping plate; 303. Through groove; 4. Support pad; 5. Contact assembly; 501. Scale rod; 502. Sleeve; 503. Transparent tube; 504. Thrust spring; 505. Balance hole; 6. Extension shaft; 7. Pressure plate. Detailed Implementation

[0025] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] This utility model provides, for example Figures 1-6 The guide plate shown includes a fixation plate 1, a positioning plate 3 at the top of the fixation plate 1, the front end of the positioning plate 3 extending to the front side of the fixation plate 1, and the front end of the positioning plate 3 bent downward and fixedly provided with two retaining plates 302. The reason for providing two retaining plates 302 is that there are two spherical protrusions at the distal end of the femur in the human body, and the two retaining plates 302 are used to contact the two spherical protrusions respectively.

[0027] The fixation plate 1 has two mounting holes 101 that penetrate the fixation plate 1. The mounting holes 101 are located on the rear side of the positioning plate 3. The bolts pass through the mounting holes 101, penetrate the fixation plate 1, and are connected to the femur. The bottom end of the fixation plate 1 is a concave arc surface so as to fit against the outer end of the femur.

[0028] During total knee replacement surgery, fixation plate 1 is attached to the patient's femur with the front end of fixation plate 1 facing the distal end of the femur. At this time, positioning plate 3 is in use. Before fixation, it needs to be moved back and forth to adjust the position of fixation plate 1 on the femur so that the posterior side of clamping plate 302 contacts the distal end of the femur, with the contact point at the anterior end of the femur. After determining the position of clamping plate 302 and fixation plate 1, holes are drilled at the outer end of the femur through two mounting holes 101, and bolts are installed at the mounting holes 101 to fix fixation plate 1 to the femur.

[0029] During use, it needs to make more full contact with the distal femur, such as Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 5 As shown, the card plate 302 is provided with three contact components 5. Each contact component 5 includes a scale rod 501 that penetrates the card plate 302. The front end of the scale rod 501 extends to the rear side of the card plate 302. The front end of the scale rod 501 is spherical. The front end of the card plate 302 is provided with a detachable transparent tube 503. The front end of the scale rod 501 extends into the interior of the transparent tube 503 and is fixedly provided with a thrust spring 504. One end of the thrust spring 504 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the transparent tube 503.

[0030] A sleeve 502 is fixedly provided on the card plate 302, penetrating the card plate 302. The sleeve 502 is sleeved on the outer end of the scale rod 501, so the scale rod 501 can move linearly along the sleeve 502. The front end of the sleeve 502 extends into the interior of the transparent tube 503, and the rear end of the sleeve 502 is flush with the rear end of the card plate 302. The front end of the transparent tube 503 has a balance hole 505 for balancing air pressure. The movement of the scale rod 501 inside the transparent tube 503 will cause changes in the size of the space inside the transparent tube 503, which will affect the air pressure. Therefore, the balance hole 505 can allow air to circulate inside and outside the transparent tube 503, thereby balancing the air pressure inside and outside the transparent tube 503 and preventing air pressure changes from hindering the movement of the scale rod 501.

[0031] Because the distal end of the femur is an irregular arc-shaped surface, when the retaining plate 302 contacts the anterior end of the femur, the scale rods 501 distributed at various positions will also move backward under the elastic force of the thrust spring 504 and contact different positions on the arc-shaped surface of the distal end of the femur. Since the scale rods 501 have graduations, the graduations of the scale rods 501 at the front end of the sleeve 502 can be observed through the transparent tube 503. The larger the graduation, the greater the distance that the scale rods 501 move backward, and the farther the contact point of the scale rods 501 at the distal end of the femur is from the anterior end of the femur. This is used to locate the contact points of each scale rod 501 at the distal end of the femur.

[0032] After recording the scale data of each graduated rod 501, the osteotomy and prosthesis installation can begin. During prosthesis installation, continuous adjustments are required. During adjustments, the prosthesis is positioned using the clamp 302 and the contact components 5 on it. It is essential to ensure that the distal end of the prosthesis is in contact with the clamp 302. Simultaneously, when each graduated rod 501 contacts its corresponding position on the prosthesis, the scale data on the rod 501 must be consistent with the previously recorded data. If inconsistent, adjustments are made continuously until the data is restored. Only in this way can it be confirmed that the shape and installation position of the prosthesis have replicated the original distal femur, ensuring a successful restoration. Furthermore, the more contact components 5 there are, the more numerous and denser the contact points with the femur, resulting in higher positioning accuracy. This method of positioning the distal femur and the installed prosthesis allows for precise positioning even if the clamp 302 is not directly attached to the distal femur, improving the precision of the surgery.

[0033] When performing osteotomy and installing the prosthesis, the positioning plate 3 needs to be folded up, as follows: Figure 1 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, a tail plate 301 is fixedly provided at the rear end of the positioning plate 3. The rear end of the tail plate 301 is hinged to the top end of the fixing plate 1. A through groove 303 is provided at the top end of the positioning plate 3.

[0034] The top of the fixed plate 1 is fixedly provided with a support pad 4. When the positioning plate 3 is in use, the top of the support pad 4 contacts the bottom of the positioning plate 3. The top of the positioning plate 3 is rotatably connected with an extension shaft 6. The top of the extension shaft 6 extends to the top of the positioning plate 3 through a through groove 303 and is fixedly provided with a pressure plate 7.

[0035] After the positioning plate 3 and the contact component 5 on the positioning plate 3 locate the distal femur and record the measurement data, the pressure plate 7 can be rotated, which will drive the extension shaft 6 to rotate. The pressure plate 7 is rotated to coincide with the through groove 303. Since the tail plate 301 is hinged to the fixing plate 1, the positioning plate 3 is lifted backward as a whole. The extension shaft 6 and the pressure plate 7 can pass through the through groove 303 and pass through the positioning plate 3 without obstructing the positioning plate 3. The positioning plate 3 can drive the clamping plate 302 and the contact component 5 to rotate backward as a whole, thereby removing the positioning plate 3 and the clamping plate 302 from the distal femur and no longer obstructing the distal femur, which facilitates the subsequent osteotomy and prosthesis installation. After rotating backward, the positioning plate 3 is transformed into a folded state.

[0036] When repositioning is required, the folded positioning plate 3 can be rotated forward again until the bottom of the positioning plate 3 rotates to contact the top of the support pad 4. The support pad 4 supports the positioning plate 3. During this process, the pressure plate 7 and the extension shaft 6 move from below to above the positioning plate 3 through the through groove 303. Then, the pressure plate 7 is rotated so that the pressure plate 7 at the top of the positioning plate 3 is offset from the through groove 303. At this time, the positioning plate 3 is blocked by the pressure plate 7 and cannot rotate upward, thus fixing the positioning plate 3 in the use state.

[0037] Positioning plate 3, when folded, needs to be fixed in place to avoid affecting osteotomy and prosthesis installation, such as... Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 6 As shown, the top of the fixed plate 1 is provided with two adsorption components 2, both of which are located behind the positioning plate 3. The adsorption component 2 includes a negative pressure tube 201 fixedly installed on the top of the fixed plate 1. A ventilation hose 202 communicating with the inside of the negative pressure tube 201 is fixedly installed at the rear end of the negative pressure tube 201. The rear end of the ventilation hose 202 needs to be connected to an external negative pressure pump. A sealing ring 203 is fixedly installed at the top of the negative pressure tube 201.

[0038] When the positioning plate 3 is in the folded state, it rotates backward until it contacts the sealing rings 203 at the top of the two negative pressure tubes 201. The sealing rings 203 seal the opening of the negative pressure tubes 201. At this time, the air in the negative pressure tubes 201 is extracted by the external negative pressure pump and the ventilation hose 202. The negative pressure inside the negative pressure tubes 201 will generate negative pressure, which will then attract and fix the positioning plate 3 by suction. This will stably fix the positioning plate 3 in the folded state and prevent the positioning plate 3 from interfering with the osteotomy and the installation of the prosthesis. When the positioning plate 3 is needed, the suction can be released by ventilating the inside of the negative pressure tubes 201 through the ventilation hose 202. After the entire operation is completed, the bolt connection between the fixation plate 1 and the femur is released, the fixation plate 1 is removed from the femur, and then the entire replacement guide plate is removed.

[0039] The foregoing description only illustrates certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention. Undoubtedly, those skilled in the art can modify the described embodiments in various ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A total knee replacement guide plate, comprising a fixation plate (1), wherein a positioning plate (3) is provided at the top of the fixation plate (1), characterized in that: The positioning plate (3) is bent downward at the front end and fixed with two clamping plates (302); The card plate (302) is provided with three contact components (5). Each contact component (5) includes a scale rod (501) that passes through the card plate (302). The front end of the card plate (302) is provided with a detachable transparent tube (503). The front end of the scale rod (501) extends into the interior of the transparent tube (503) and is fixedly provided with a thrust spring (504). One end of the thrust spring (504) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the transparent tube (503).

2. The total knee arthroplasty guide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sleeve (502) is fixedly provided on the card plate (302) and passes through the card plate (302). The sleeve (502) is sleeved on the outer end of the scale rod (501). A balance hole (505) for balancing air pressure is opened at the front end of the transparent tube (503).

3. The total knee arthroplasty guide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing plate (1) has two mounting holes (101) that penetrate the fixing plate (1), and the bottom end of the fixing plate (1) is a concave arc surface.

4. The total knee replacement guide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning plate (3) has a tail plate (301) fixedly provided at its rear end. The rear end of the tail plate (301) is hinged to the top end of the fixing plate (1). The top end of the positioning plate (3) has a through groove (303) that passes through the positioning plate (3).

5. A total knee replacement guide plate according to claim 4, characterized in that: The top of the fixed plate (1) is fixedly provided with a support pad (4), the top of the support pad (4) is in contact with the bottom of the positioning plate (3), the top of the positioning plate (3) is rotatably connected with an extension shaft (6), the top of the extension shaft (6) extends to the top of the positioning plate (3) through a through groove (303) and is fixedly provided with a pressure plate (7).

6. A total knee replacement guide plate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top of the fixed plate (1) is provided with two adsorption components (2). The adsorption components (2) include a negative pressure tube (201) fixedly installed at the top of the fixed plate (1). A ventilation hose (202) communicating with the inside of the negative pressure tube (201) is fixedly installed at the rear end of the negative pressure tube (201). A sealing ring (203) is fixedly installed at the top of the negative pressure tube (201).

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