A double-z-axis internal cylindrical grinding apparatus

Abstract

The utility model discloses a double Z -axis inner circle grinding equipment relates to precision grinding machining equipment technical field, including grinding machine saddle, the upper portion one side of grinding machine saddle is provided with X -axis moving mechanism, the upper portion other side of grinding machine saddle is provided with two groups and is arranged Z -axis moving mechanism, the upper portion of X -axis moving mechanism is provided with the steering platform mechanism, the upper portion of steering platform mechanism is provided with clamping spindle mechanism, steering platform mechanism is used for realizing angle steering to clamping spindle mechanism, the upper portion of Z -axis moving mechanism is provided with the grinding head spindle mechanism, and the grinding head spindle mechanism is used for processing work piece on clamping spindle mechanism. Through double Z -axis parallel layout, two grinding head spindle mechanisms can work independently, realize parallel processing, alternate processing, and greatly improve equipment utilization and production efficiency. Workpiece spindle can be precision steering, and the process range of equipment processing taper hole and complex angle processing is significantly expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the technical field of precision grinding equipment, specifically to a dual Z-axis internal grinding equipment. Background Technology

[0002] Internal grinding machines are key equipment used for precision machining of the inner surfaces of workpieces and are widely used in the machinery manufacturing industry. Traditional internal grinding machines typically employ a single-head spindle layout, meaning one workpiece spindle corresponds to one grinding head spindle. This structure has significant limitations: First, processing efficiency is low, as one grinding head mechanism completes all processes, resulting in low equipment utilization. Second, process flexibility is insufficient; the workpiece spindle of most machines has a limited range of fixation or adjustment, making it difficult to conveniently and stably machine tapered holes or inner hole profiles with complex angular requirements. Furthermore, for slender shafts with a large length-to-diameter ratio, clamping only one end can easily lead to workpiece bending and vibration during machining, severely affecting the concentricity and cylindricity accuracy of the inner hole. In addition, grinding head dressing usually relies on external dressing devices or manual operation, which not only occupies additional space but also interrupts the machining process, and tool setting adjustments are cumbersome, further reducing overall operating efficiency.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a high-precision internal grinding machine that can simultaneously improve processing efficiency, expand the process range, and enhance adaptability to complex workpieces. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a dual Z-axis internal grinding machine. This machine aims to solve the technical problems of low processing efficiency, poor process adaptability, difficulty in ensuring the machining accuracy of long workpieces, and inconvenience in grinding head dressing of traditional equipment through innovative layout and structural design, thereby achieving efficient, precise, and composite internal grinding processing.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model provides the following technical solution: A dual Z-axis internal grinding machine includes a grinding machine saddle. An X-axis moving mechanism is provided on one upper side of the grinding machine saddle, and at least one Z-axis moving mechanism is provided on the other upper side of the grinding machine saddle. A steering table mechanism is provided on the upper part of the X-axis moving mechanism, and a clamping spindle mechanism is provided on the upper part of the steering table mechanism. The steering table mechanism is used to achieve angular turning of the clamping spindle mechanism. A grinding head spindle mechanism is provided on the upper part of the Z-axis moving mechanism, and the grinding head spindle mechanism is used to process the workpiece on the clamping spindle mechanism.

[0006] Furthermore, the X-axis moving mechanism includes an X-axis linear module, an X-axis drive device, and an X-axis slider driven by the X-axis drive device and moving on the X-axis linear module, with the steering platform mechanism disposed on the upper part of the X-axis slider.

[0007] Furthermore, the Z-axis moving mechanism includes a Z-axis linear module, a Z-axis drive device, and a Z-axis slider driven by the Z-axis drive device and moving on the Z-axis linear module, with the grinding head spindle mechanism located on the upper part of the Z-axis slider.

[0008] Furthermore, the steering mechanism includes a ram and a steering platform. A rotating bearing is provided inside one end of the ram, and the steering platform is rotatably and fixedly connected to the rotating bearing. A stroke groove is provided inside the other end of the ram, and a lead screw is provided inside the stroke groove. One end of the lead screw passes through the stroke groove and is connected to a drive motor. An adjusting block is threaded to the other end of the lead screw. A bearing is provided on the upper part of the adjusting block, and a bolt passes through the bearing. The top end of the bolt is connected to the bottom of the steering platform.

[0009] Furthermore, a pressure block is provided on the upper part of the end of the slide away from the rotating bearing. The pressure block is detachably mounted on the slide, and a clamping groove adapted to the pressure block is provided on the side of the steering platform opposite to the pressure block.

[0010] Furthermore, it also includes a central support mechanism, which includes a central seat and clamping blocks distributed circumferentially along the central seat. The central seat is detachably slidably mounted on the upper part of the turntable and corresponds to the clamping spindle mechanism. An opening for the workpiece to pass through is provided on the central seat. The adjusting end of the clamping block is connected to a screw for driving the clamping block to support the workpiece in the opening.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a locking block, which has a through hole, and a screw hole corresponding to the through hole is provided on one side of the center seat. The locking block is fixed to the upper part of the steering platform by a locking bolt that passes through the through hole and is screwed into the screw hole.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a grinding head dressing mechanism, which includes a dressing base and a dressing tool mounting block. The dressing base is disposed on the upper part of the slide block, and the dressing tool mounting block is disposed on the top of the dressing base. The dressing tool mounting block has a first connecting hole for connecting an end face dressing tool on the side facing the grinding head spindle mechanism, and a second connecting hole for connecting a shaft face dressing tool on the side facing the central support mechanism.

[0013] Compared with existing technologies, the technical solution of this patent achieves the following beneficial effects: 1. With a dual Z-axis parallel layout, the two grinding head spindle mechanisms can work independently, enabling parallel processing, alternating processing, or one-to-one standby (processing and dressing in parallel), greatly improving equipment utilization and production efficiency. The workpiece spindle can be precisely rotated, significantly expanding the equipment's processing range for tapered holes and complex-angled internal holes.

[0014] 2. Both the X and Z axes are driven by high-precision linear modules, ensuring accurate and stable workpiece positioning and grinding head feed. The steering table mechanism adopts a purely mechanical screw adjustment and pressure block locking design, which features high angle adjustment accuracy, good self-locking, and strong vibration resistance, ensuring the stability of tilt grinding.

[0015] 3. The optional modular center support mechanism and its locking block can provide stable auxiliary support for slender workpieces, effectively suppress processing deformation and vibration, ensure the processing accuracy of the inner hole of long workpieces, and broaden the processing range of the equipment.

[0016] 4. The grinding head dressing mechanism integrated into the equipment body supports online rapid grinding head dressing, eliminating the need for external equipment and cumbersome tool setting process, shortening auxiliary time, improving the degree of automation, and ensuring the continuity of grinding head condition. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a side view of the structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a top view of the structure of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the disassembled assembly structure of the steering mechanism; Figure 6 This is a side sectional view of the steering mechanism. Figure 7 A structural diagram of the central support mechanism and the grinding head dressing mechanism; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the steering platform mechanism in the present invention in the locked state after steering.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Grinding machine saddle; 2. X-axis moving mechanism; 201. X-axis linear module; 202. X-axis drive unit; 203. X-axis slider; 3. Z-axis moving mechanism; 301. Z-axis linear module; 302. Z-axis drive unit; 303. Z-axis slider; 4. Steering table mechanism; 401. Ram; 402. Steering table; 403. Rotary bearing; 404. Stroke groove; 405. Lead screw; 406. Adjusting block; 407. Shaft 408. Bolt; 409. Pressure block; 410. Clamping groove; 5. Clamping spindle mechanism; 6. Grinding head spindle mechanism; 7. Center support mechanism; 701. Center seat; 7011. Opening; 7012. Screw hole; 702. Clamping block; 703. Locking block; 7031. Through hole; 8. Grinding head dressing mechanism; 801. Dressing base; 802. Dressing tool mounting block; 8021. First connecting hole; 8022. Second connecting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0020] like Figures 1 to 8 As shown, this embodiment provides a technical solution: a dual Z-axis internal grinding machine, including a grinding machine saddle 1. An X-axis moving mechanism 2 is arranged on one upper side of the grinding machine saddle 1, and two sets of parallel Z-axis moving mechanisms 3 are arranged on the other upper side of the grinding machine saddle 1. A steering table mechanism 4 is arranged above the X-axis moving mechanism 2, and a clamping spindle mechanism 5 is arranged above the steering table mechanism 4. The steering table mechanism 4 is used to angularly rotate the clamping spindle mechanism 5. A grinding head spindle mechanism 6 is arranged above the Z-axis moving mechanism 3, and the grinding head spindle mechanism 6 is used to process the workpiece on the clamping spindle mechanism 5. By setting the X-axis moving mechanism 2 and the two sets of parallel Z-axis moving mechanisms 3 together on the grinding machine saddle 1, and configuring the steerable clamping spindle mechanism 5, a dual Z-axis internal grinding machine is constructed. This solves the technical problems of low processing efficiency and inability to achieve multi-face processing or parallel operation of workpieces in a single clamping operation in traditional single-grinding head equipment. Its beneficial effects are as follows: First, the two sets of Z-axis moving mechanisms 3 can each drive a grinding head spindle mechanism 6, allowing the two grinding heads to process the workpiece simultaneously or alternately, or to use one for processing and the other for dressing the grinding head, which significantly improves equipment utilization and production efficiency; Second, the clamping spindle mechanism 5 achieves angular turning through the turning table mechanism 4, so that the workpiece can be tilted at the required angle, thereby cooperating with the grinding head to complete the precision grinding of tapered holes or complex inner holes, which greatly expands the processing technology range and flexibility of the equipment.

[0021] like Figures 2 to 4As shown, the X-axis moving mechanism 2 includes an X-axis linear module 201, an X-axis drive device 202, and an X-axis slider 203 driven by the X-axis drive device 202 and moving on the X-axis linear module 201. A steering table mechanism 4 is located above the X-axis slider 203. It should be noted that the linear module is existing technology, and its structure will not be further described here. Using a high-precision X-axis linear module 201 as the guiding and transmission core, in conjunction with a servo or stepper X-axis drive device 202, it can drive the X-axis slider 203 and the steering table mechanism 4, clamping spindle mechanism 5, and workpiece to perform precise and stable linear movement. This ensures accurate positioning of the workpiece in the X-axis direction, providing a foundation for grinding deep holes or holes at different axial positions. Furthermore, its high rigidity effectively suppresses vibration during processing, ensuring final machining accuracy and surface quality.

[0022] The Z-axis moving mechanism 3 includes a Z-axis linear module 301, a Z-axis drive device 302, and a Z-axis slider 303 driven by the Z-axis drive device 302 and moving on the Z-axis linear module 301. The grinding head spindle mechanism 6 is located on the upper part of the Z-axis slider 303. It should be noted that the linear module is existing technology, and its structure will not be further described here. Similarly, the high-precision, high-rigidity Z-axis linear module 301 and Z-axis drive device 302 can precisely control the radial feed motion of the Z-axis slider 303 and the grinding head spindle mechanism 6 mounted on it. This achieves precise and controllable entry and feed of the grinding head into the inner wall of the workpiece, which is crucial for ensuring the dimensional accuracy, roundness, and surface roughness of internal grinding. The independent control of the dual Z-axis allows the two grinding heads to execute their respective machining programs independently without interference.

[0023] like Figures 5 to 6 As shown, the steering mechanism 4 includes a ram 401 and a steering platform 402. A rotating bearing 403 is installed inside one end of the ram 401, and the steering platform 402 is rotatably and fixedly connected to the rotating bearing 403. A stroke groove 404 is installed inside the other end of the ram 401, and a lead screw 405 is installed inside the stroke groove 404. One end of the lead screw 405 passes through the stroke groove 404 and is connected to a drive motor, while the other end of the lead screw 405 is threadedly connected to an adjusting block 406. A bearing 407 is installed on the upper part of the adjusting block 406, and a bolt 408 passes through the bearing 407. The top of the bolt 408 is connected to the bottom of the steering platform 402. This provides a purely mechanical precision angle adjustment scheme. The rotating bearing 403 serves as a fixed rotation fulcrum, and the lead screw 405 drives the adjusting block 406 to move linearly within the stroke groove 404. Through the connection of the bearing 407 and the bolt 408, the linear motion of the adjusting block 406 is converted into the precise oscillation of the steering platform 402 around the rotating bearing 403. The structure has good rigidity, no crawling phenomenon in hydraulic or pneumatic systems, high angle adjustment resolution and self-locking capability, ensuring the accuracy and stability of angle setting of the workpiece during grinding.

[0024] A pressure block 409 is provided on the upper part of the end of the ram 401 away from the rotating bearing 403. The pressure block 409 is detachably mounted on the ram 401. A clamping groove 410 adapted to the pressure block 409 is provided on the side of the steering table 402 opposite to the pressure block 409. This adds a locking structure composed of the pressure block 409 and the clamping groove 410. This structure solves the technical problem of slight longitudinal runout or loosening of the steering table 402 under grinding force, which affects the machining accuracy. When the steering table 402 is adjusted to the required angle, the pressure block 409 and the clamping groove 410 on the side of the steering table 402 cooperate and lock together, which can effectively restrict the longitudinal degree of freedom of the steering table 402 around the horizontal axis, forming a stable angle lock. This mechanical locking method is simple and reliable, and the detachable pressure block 409 design is also easy to maintain, ensuring the machining stability under inclined grinding conditions.

[0025] like Figure 7 As shown, this equipment also includes a central support mechanism 7, which includes a central seat 701 and clamping blocks 702 distributed circumferentially along the central seat 701. The central seat 701 is detachably slidably mounted on the upper part of the turntable 402 and corresponds to the clamping spindle mechanism 5. The central seat 701 has an opening 7011 for the workpiece to pass through. The adjusting end of the clamping blocks 702 is connected to a screw for driving the clamping blocks 702 to support the workpiece in the opening 7011. The addition of the central support mechanism 7 solves the technical problem that when machining slender workpieces with a large length-to-diameter ratio, clamping only one end easily leads to workpiece swinging and bending, seriously affecting the concentricity and cylindricity of the machining. Its beneficial effect is that the central seat 701 can be slidably mounted on the turntable 402, so that its position can adapt to workpieces of different lengths. By driving multiple clamping blocks 702 distributed circumferentially to move synchronously towards the center through the screw, uniform and flexible auxiliary support can be provided for the outer circle of the workpiece passing through the opening 7011. This central support effectively suppresses centrifugal oscillation under high-speed rotation and tool deformation during grinding, thereby ensuring the grinding accuracy of long workpieces and expanding the range of workpiece sizes that the equipment can process.

[0026] It also includes a locking block 703, which has a through hole 7031. A threaded hole 7012 corresponding to the through hole 7031 is provided on one side of the center seat 701. The locking block 703 is fixed to the upper part of the steering table 402 by a locking bolt passing through the through hole 7031 and screwed into the threaded hole 7012. The addition of the locking block 703 solves the technical problem that the center seat 701 may experience slight swaying or displacement when supporting the workpiece and bearing grinding forces, affecting the stability of the support effect. Its beneficial effect is that by fastening the locking block 703 to the steering table 402 with the locking bolt, and ensuring its side is in close contact with the center seat 701 and the steering table 402, and by aligning the through hole 7031 of the locking block 703 with the threaded hole 7012 of the center seat 701, the center seat 701 can be firmly fixed from the side, completely eliminating any possibility of sliding or swaying in any direction. It provides an extremely stable auxiliary support point for the workpiece, making it particularly suitable for heavy-duty or high-precision grinding applications, further enhancing the reliability and process adaptability of the central support mechanism 7.

[0027] like Figure 7 As shown, this equipment also includes a grinding head dressing mechanism 8, which includes a dressing base 801 and a dressing tool mounting block 802. The dressing base 801 is located on the upper part of the slide 401, and the dressing tool mounting block 802 is located on the top of the dressing base 801. The dressing tool mounting block 802 has a first connecting hole 8021 for connecting an end face dressing tool on the side facing the grinding head spindle mechanism 6, and a second connecting hole 8022 for connecting a shaft face dressing tool on the side facing the central support mechanism 7. The addition of the grinding head dressing mechanism 8 integrated on the slide 401 solves the technical problems of grinding head dressing requiring additional auxiliary equipment, occupying space, and having cumbersome tool adjustment, which affects the continuous operation efficiency of the equipment. Its beneficial effects are as follows: First, the dressing mechanism 8 is directly integrated into the slide 401 on the main body of the equipment, eliminating the need to remove the workpiece or occupy external space, saving auxiliary time and realizing rapid online dressing; Second, the tool setting and dressing actions can be completed by driving the grinding head spindle mechanism 6 to move through the Z-axis moving mechanism 3, resulting in a high degree of operational integration; Third, the first connecting hole 8021 and the second connecting hole 8022 respectively provided on the dressing tool mounting block 802 for the end face dressing tool and the shaft face dressing tool can be dressed, ensuring the sharpness and precision of the grinding head, thereby indirectly ensuring the machining quality of the inner hole of the workpiece.

[0028] The working principle of this dual Z-axis internal grinding equipment is as follows: During operation, one end of the workpiece is clamped on the clamping spindle mechanism 5. If the workpiece is long, the position of the central support mechanism 7 is installed and adjusted on the turntable 402, and its clamping block 702 is used to center and support the middle or far end of the workpiece, and the central seat 701 is locked with the locking block 703. The equipment is started, and the clamping spindle mechanism 5 drives the workpiece to rotate. The X-axis drive device 202 works, driving the X-axis slider 203 and the entire turntable mechanism 4, and the workpiece to move along the X-axis, positioning the section to be processed in front of one of the grinding head spindle mechanisms 6. The Z-axis drive device 302 on that side is started, driving the Z-axis slider 303 and the grinding head spindle mechanism 6 to feed along the Z-axis, so that the grinding wheel enters the inner hole of the workpiece and performs grinding. If a tapered hole or taper needs to be machined on the workpiece, the drive motor of the steering table mechanism 4 is activated, and the steering table 402, along with the workpiece, is swung to the required angle via the lead screw 405 and adjusting block 406. It is then locked with the pressure block 409 before grinding. When one grinding head needs dressing, its Z-axis movement mechanism 3 is controlled to drive the grinding head spindle mechanism 6 to the grinding head dressing mechanism 8. Dressing tools on the first connecting hole 8021 and the second connecting hole 8022 are used to dress the end face and outer surface of the grinding wheel. During this time, the other grinding head spindle mechanism 6 can continue machining the workpiece without interference, thus achieving a highly efficient, continuous, and precise machining process.

Claims

1. A dual Z-axis internal grinding machine, comprising a grinding saddle (1), characterized in that, An X-axis moving mechanism (2) is provided on one side of the upper part of the grinding machine saddle (1), and at least one Z-axis moving mechanism (3) is provided on the other side of the upper part of the grinding machine saddle (1). A turning table mechanism (4) is provided on the upper part of the X-axis moving mechanism (2), and a clamping spindle mechanism (5) is provided on the upper part of the turning table mechanism (4). The turning table mechanism (4) is used to achieve angular turning of the clamping spindle mechanism (5). A grinding head spindle mechanism (6) is provided on the upper part of the Z-axis moving mechanism (3), and the grinding head spindle mechanism (6) is used to process the workpiece on the clamping spindle mechanism (5).

2. The dual Z-axis internal grinding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The X-axis moving mechanism (2) includes an X-axis linear module (201), an X-axis drive device (202), and an X-axis slider (203) driven by the X-axis drive device (202) and moving on the X-axis linear module (201). The steering platform mechanism (4) is located on the upper part of the X-axis slider (203).

3. The dual Z-axis internal grinding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The Z-axis moving mechanism (3) includes a Z-axis linear module (301), a Z-axis drive device (302), and a Z-axis slider (303) driven by the Z-axis drive device (302) and moving on the Z-axis linear module (301). The grinding head spindle mechanism (6) is located on the upper part of the Z-axis slider (303).

4. The dual Z-axis internal grinding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The steering mechanism (4) includes a ram (401) and a steering platform (402). A rotating bearing (403) is provided inside one end of the ram (401). The steering platform (402) is rotatably and fixedly connected to the rotating bearing (403). A stroke groove (404) is provided inside the other end of the ram (401). A lead screw (405) is provided inside the stroke groove (404). One end of the lead screw (405) passes through the stroke groove (404) and is connected to the drive motor. An adjusting block (406) is threaded to the other end of the lead screw (405). A bearing (407) is provided on the upper part of the adjusting block (406). A bolt (408) is passed through the bearing (407). The top of the bolt (408) is connected to the bottom of the steering platform (402).

5. The dual Z-axis internal grinding equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, A pressure block (409) is provided on the upper part of the end of the slide block (401) away from the rotating bearing (403). The pressure block (409) is detachably mounted on the slide block (401). A pressing groove (410) adapted to the pressure block (409) is provided on the side of the turntable (402) opposite to the pressure block (409).

6. The dual Z-axis internal grinding equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a central support mechanism (7), which includes a central seat (701) and clamping blocks (702) distributed circumferentially along the central seat (701). The central seat (701) is detachably slidably disposed on the upper part of the turntable (402) and corresponds to the clamping spindle mechanism (5). An opening (7011) for the workpiece to pass through is provided on the central seat (701). The adjusting end of the clamping block (702) is connected to a screw for driving the clamping block (702) to support the workpiece in the opening (7011).

7. The dual Z-axis internal grinding equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a locking block (703), which has a through hole (7031). The center seat (701) has a screw hole (7012) corresponding to the through hole (7031) on one side. The locking block (703) is fixed to the upper part of the turntable (402) by a locking bolt that passes through the through hole (7031) and is screwed into the screw hole (7012).

8. The dual Z-axis internal grinding equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a grinding head dressing mechanism (8), which includes a dressing base (801) and a dressing tool mounting block (802). The dressing base (801) is located on the upper part of the slide (401), and the dressing tool mounting block (802) is located on the top of the dressing base (801). The dressing tool mounting block (802) has a first connecting hole (8021) for connecting an end face dressing tool on the side facing the grinding head spindle mechanism (6), and a second connecting hole (8022) for connecting a shaft face dressing tool on the side facing the central support mechanism (7).

Images