Light guide coupling water-sediment double-layer microalgae remediation device

Abstract

The utility model relates to a light guide coupling water body - bottom mud double -deck microalgae repair device, including container, light collection module, light guide module and center light diffusion module, light guide module inserts into the container, and the end of light collection module is connected with light guide module, the number of center light diffusion module is at least two, two center light diffusion modules are all set in the outside of light guide module, and interval distribution is in the container, and the top surface of center light diffusion module, the outside wall of light guide module and the inboard wall of container constitute microalgae ball filling area, the side wall of container is equipped with the penetration hole, and the penetration hole is used for the mutual oxygen and pollutant to go in and out the container, the repair device of the utility model can repair bottom mud pollution and water body pollution simultaneously, and belong to environmental engineering technical field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of environmental engineering technology, specifically to a light-guided coupled water-sediment dual-layer microalgae remediation device. Background Technology

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization, the pollution load in some river and lake basins has intensified, leading to eutrophication and ultimately the formation of black and odorous water bodies. Among these, sediment, as both a sink and a source of pollutants, presents a key challenge in the treatment of black and odorous water bodies. Pollutants such as organic matter, sulfides, ferrous sulfate, and nutrients accumulated in the sediment are continuously released into the overlying water bodies under anaerobic or hypoxic conditions, causing a series of environmental problems such as odor generation, dissolved oxygen depletion, abnormal algal proliferation, and aquatic ecosystem degradation. Microalgae remediation technology, as a green and sustainable bioremediation method, has shown promising application prospects in the treatment of black and odorous water bodies in recent years. Its technical principle utilizes the photosynthetic characteristics of microalgae, using carbon dioxide from the water as a carbon source and pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus as nutrients. Under light conditions, microalgae grow, metabolize, and release oxygen, thereby achieving a synergistic effect of water purification and dissolved oxygen enhancement. Microalgae release oxygen through photosynthesis, which can directly increase the dissolved oxygen concentration in water and inhibit the metabolic activities of anaerobic microorganisms. At the same time, they remove organic pollutants and nutrients from water through absorption and assimilation, and have technical advantages such as thorough remediation, environmental friendliness, and low cost.

[0003] However, the application of microalgae remediation technology in actual black and odorous water body treatment projects still faces the following key technical bottlenecks: First, due to the limitations of water body optical properties, the transmission efficiency of natural light in black and odorous water bodies is significantly reduced. In eutrophic or high-turbidity black and odorous water bodies, abundant suspended solids (TSS) and colored dissolved organic matter (CDOM) strongly absorb and scatter photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), resulting in a sharp attenuation of light across the vertical profile of the water body, creating a significant light gradient of "surface light saturation and deep light starvation," which severely restricts the photosynthetic efficiency of microalgae in deep water bodies and at the sediment-water interface. Second, microalgae biomass is difficult to maintain stably in open water environments. Under the influence of external factors such as water flow disturbance and biological predation, free-state microalgae cells are easily diluted or lost, making it difficult to form and maintain an effective biomass concentration in the target remediation area, directly affecting the stability and sustainability of the remediation effect. Most importantly, existing microalgae remediation technologies lack effective means to control endogenous pollution in the sediment. Most remediation solutions focus on increasing dissolved oxygen levels in the overlying water and removing pollutants from the water. However, they are unable to effectively and continuously transport oxygen produced by photosynthesis to the pore space of the sediment, and cannot form and maintain a stable oxidation front on the surface of the sediment. Therefore, they cannot inhibit the release of reducing black and odorous substances such as Fe2+ and H2S from the sediment at the source. Utility Model Content

[0004] To address the technical problems existing in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a light-guided coupled water-sediment dual-layer microalgae remediation device that can simultaneously remediate sediment pollution and water pollution.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A light-guided coupled water-sediment dual-layer microalgae remediation device includes a container, a light-collecting module, a light-guiding module, and a central light-diffusing module. The light-guiding module is inserted into the container, and the light-collecting module is connected to the end of the light-guiding module. There are at least two central light-diffusing modules, both of which are sleeved on the outside of the light-guiding module and are spaced apart inside the container. The top surface of the central light-diffusing module, the outer wall of the light-guiding module, and the inner wall of the container constitute the microalgae ball filling area. The side wall of the container is provided with permeable holes, which are used for the exchange of oxygen and pollutants in and out of the container.

[0006] As a preferred option, the light acquisition module has a hemispherical cover structure.

[0007] As a preferred option, the light acquisition module is made of polycarbonate material.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the light guide module is a tubular structure, and the inner wall of the tubular structure is provided with a first light-reflecting layer.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the first light-reflecting layer is an aluminum film or an aluminum tube, and the first light-reflecting layer is attached to the inner wall of the tubular structure.

[0010] As a preferred option, the central light diffusion module has a circular ring structure.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, the container is a hollow cylindrical structure with connection holes at both the top and bottom, through which the container is connected to both ends of the light guide module.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, the end of the container furthest from the light-collecting module is connected to a base, which is either conical or disc-shaped. The conical base is used to embed itself in the mud, while the disc-shaped base is used to place itself on the surface of the mud.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the inner wall of the container is provided with a second reflective layer.

[0014] As a preferred option, the container is formed from a milky white light-diffusing grade acrylic sheet.

[0015] In summary, this utility model has the following advantages: The remediation device in this embodiment constructs a layered remediation structure. The bottom of the device is embedded in the surface of the sediment, while the upper layer is placed in the overlying water. Light transmission technology is used to achieve uniform light distribution in both the sediment and the water. A light-guiding module efficiently guides natural light into the device, and two light-diffusing devices provide sufficient illumination for the immobilized microalgae in both layers. The microalgae embedded in the sediment directly act on the sediment's internal pores, and the oxygen they produce forms an oxidation front on the sediment surface, effectively inhibiting the release of black and odorous substances. The microalgae in the upper water layer improve the water quality of the overlying water, achieving synergistic treatment of endogenous pollution in the sediment and black and odorous water problems. Through spatial layering and functional zoning design, the device successfully solves the technical challenges of uneven light distribution, biomass loss, and poor sediment remediation effects inherent in traditional microalgae remediation technologies. Attached Figure Description

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the repair device. Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the repair device; Figure 3 This is a graph showing the changes in redox state of different treatment groups during the water remediation process using the remediation device.

[0017] In the diagram: 1-Light acquisition module, 2-Light guide module, 3-Central light diffusion module, 4-Container, 5-Microalgae ball filling area, 6-Base, 7-Microalgae ball, 8-Permeation hole. Detailed Implementation

[0018] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments.

[0019] like Figures 1-2 As shown in this embodiment, a light-guided coupled water-sediment dual-layer microalgae remediation device includes a container 4, a light-collecting module 1, a light-guiding module 2, and a central light-diffusing module 3. The light-guiding module 2 is inserted into the container 4, and the light-collecting module 1 is connected to the end of the light-guiding module 2. There are at least two central light-diffusing modules 3, both of which are sleeved on the outside of the light-guiding module 2 and spaced apart inside the container 4. The top surface of the central light-diffusing module 3, the outer wall of the light-guiding module 2, and the inner wall of the container 4 constitute a microalgae ball filling area 5. The side wall of the container 4 is provided with permeation holes 8, which are used for the exchange of oxygen and pollutants in and out of the container 4. Oxygen produced by photosynthesis in the microalgae balls 7 of the microalgae ball filling area 5 is released into the water body through the permeation holes 8. In some areas, because they are in the sediment, oxygen is released into the interstitial water in the sediment for sediment oxidation. Pollutants (nitrogen, phosphorus, and organic pollutants) from the external water body and the interstitial water in the sediment permeate inward through the permeation holes 8, providing the nutrients needed for the growth and reproduction of microalgae.

[0020] The light-collecting module 1 has a hemispherical cover structure and is made of polycarbonate material with high light transmittance and UV resistance. Its function is that its hemispherical cover covers the top of the light guide module 2, which can effectively capture incident natural light (including direct and diffused light) from multiple angles and effectively converge the captured light to the light guide module 2 at the bottom.

[0021] The light guide module 2 is a tubular structure with a first light-reflecting layer on its inner wall. This first light-reflecting layer is an aluminum film or aluminum cylinder, and it is attached to the inner wall of the tubular structure. Specifically, the aluminum film or aluminum cylinder is a high-reflectivity layer with a reflectivity greater than 95%. The top of the light guide module 2 protrudes from the container 4, or the top of the light guide module 2 is flush with the top surface of the container 4, and the bottom of the light guide module 2 extends into the container 4 until it reaches the bottom of the container 4. Its function is to transmit the collected natural light from the shallow water layer to the deep water area as lossless as possible after the effective light collected by the light collection module 1 enters the light guide module 2 and undergoes multi-faceted reflection by the first light-reflecting layer.

[0022] The central light diffusion module 3 has a circular structure. The central light diffusion module 3 is made of milky white acrylic material, with the outer surface sandblasted with 240-mesh sand, and the inner wall coated with a barium sulfate coating with a reflectivity of 97%.

[0023] Container 4 is a hollow cylindrical structure. Both the top and bottom of container 4 are provided with connection holes. Container 4 is connected to both ends of light guide module 2 through the connection holes.

[0024] The end of container 4 furthest from the light-collecting module 1 is connected to a base 6. The base 6 has a conical or disc-shaped structure. The conical base 6 is used to embed itself in the mud, while the disc-shaped base 6 is used to place itself on the surface of the mud. The function of the base 6 is to maintain the stability of the device in the water. The conical design makes it easier to embed the entire device into the mud. The distribution of oxygen transmission is achieved by adjusting the relative position of the structures.

[0025] The inner wall of container 4 is provided with a second reflective layer. The second reflective layer is a barium sulfate coating with a reflectivity of 97%.

[0026] Container 4 is formed from a milky white light-diffusing acrylic sheet. The outer surface of container 4 is frosted to form an optically diffused surface, which functions to receive the directional light beam from the light guide module 2 and, by utilizing the scattering properties of the material itself and the diffused structure of the outer surface, transform the point light source into a ring-shaped surface light source with uniform radiation of 360°.

[0027] Specific application examples: 1. Construction and Operation: In a 20cm×14cm×14cm transparent glass tank, a 3cm thick layer of actual black and smelly riverbed sediment (Fe) was laid at the bottom. 2+10g / kg, AVS 3g / kg, ammonia nitrogen 375g / kg), then slowly inject simulated black and odorous overlying water (DO 0.4mg / L). Place the remediation device in the center of the water tank, and use the fixed base 6 to keep the bottom of the device 2cm away from the mud-water interface (burying it in the bottom mud).

[0028] Three experimental groups were set up for comparative study: control group: no remediation treatment; traditional remediation group: immobilized microalgae system with top LED lighting; and the remediation device group of this embodiment: using the remediation device of this embodiment. The system was run for 20 days, and samples were taken every 2 days to measure the following indicators: dissolved oxygen, ammonia nitrogen, redox potential, ferrous iron, and hydrogen sulfide concentration.

[0029] 2. Specific parameters: Central light diffusion module 3: 60mm outer diameter, 150mm height, milky white acrylic material, outer surface sandblasted with 240-mesh sand, inner wall coated with barium sulfate coating with a reflectivity of 97%; Light guide module 2: 20mm diameter, 180mm length, inner wall vacuum-plated aluminum reflective layer with a reflectivity of 96%; Light collection module 1: 80mm diameter hemispherical PC cover, UV resistant treatment; Immobilized microalgae balls 7: 6mm diameter, made of 3% sodium alginate and 2% calcium chloride cross-linked and cured, curing time 25 minutes; Container 4: 100mm outer diameter, 160mm height, bottom hole diameter 4mm, top hole diameter 2.5mm, arranged in an equilateral triangle, hole spacing 10mm; Microalgae ball 7 filling density: 70%; 3. Results and Analysis: like Figure 3 As shown, monitoring data from 20 days of operation revealed the following changes: Dissolved oxygen (DO) increased from 0.37 mg / L to 5.38 mg / L. Pollutant removal efficiency: Fe... 2+ The removal rate reached 30.24%, the AVS removal rate reached 50.43%, and the ammonia nitrogen removal rate reached 46.77%.

[0030] 4. Mechanism verification: Monitoring results show that the device in this embodiment forms a 10mm thick oxide layer at the sediment-water interface, effectively inhibiting the anaerobic generation of black and odorous substances. Internal light uniformity reaches over 85%, and the microalgae spheres retain over 95% of their biological activity, confirming the technical advantages of the device in this embodiment.

[0031] The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present utility model, but the embodiments of the present utility model are not limited to the above embodiments. Any changes, modifications, substitutions, combinations, or simplifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be considered equivalent substitutions and shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A light-guided coupled water-sediment dual-layer microalgae remediation device, characterized in that, The device includes a container, a light-collecting module, a light-guiding module, and a central light-diffusing module. The light-guiding module is inserted into the container, and the light-collecting module is connected to the end of the light-guiding module. There are at least two central light-diffusing modules, both of which are fitted on the outside of the light-guiding module and are spaced apart inside the container. The top surface of the central light-diffusing module, the outer wall of the light-guiding module, and the inner wall of the container constitute the microalgae ball filling area. The side wall of the container is provided with permeable holes, which are used for the exchange of oxygen and pollutants in and out of the container.

2. The light-guided coupled water-sediment dual-layer microalgae remediation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light acquisition module has a hemispherical cover structure.

3. The photoconductively coupled water-sediment dual-layer microalgae remediation device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The optical acquisition module is made of polycarbonate material.

4. The light-guided coupled water-sediment dual-layer microalgae remediation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light guide module has a tubular structure, and the inner wall of the tubular structure is provided with a first light reflection layer.

5. The light-guided coupled water-sediment dual-layer microalgae remediation device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first light-reflecting layer is an aluminum film or an aluminum tube, and the first light-reflecting layer is attached to the inner wall of the tubular structure.

6. The light-guided coupled water-sediment dual-layer microalgae remediation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central light diffusion module has a circular structure.

7. The light-guided coupled water-sediment dual-layer microalgae remediation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The container is a hollow cylindrical structure with connection holes at the top and bottom. The container is connected to the two ends of the light guide module through the connection holes.

8. The light-guided coupled water-sediment dual-layer microalgae remediation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The container is connected to a base at the end furthest from the light-collecting module. The base is either conical or disc-shaped. The conical base is used to embed itself in the mud, while the disc-shaped base is used to place itself on the surface of the mud.

9. The light-guided coupled water-sediment dual-layer microalgae remediation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the container is provided with a second reflective layer.

10. The light-guided coupled water-sediment dual-layer microalgae remediation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The container is made from a milky white light-diffusing grade acrylic sheet.

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