Compression-resistant building apron protection structure

Abstract

The utility model relates to the field of building protection structure discloses a compression -resistant building apron protection structure. The structure includes base layer, apron layer, buffer layer and protection layer. The base layer sets up in the outside of building outer wall bottom, the apron layer sets up on the base layer, is composed of concrete, and has the drainage slope that leans outward, the buffer layer is laid on the apron layer, is made of flexible material such as rubber mat layer or polyethylene foam mat layer, and the thickness is 5-20mm, is used for absorbing external load impact, the protection layer covers on the buffer layer, is detachable steel sheet or high -strength prefabricated concrete slab, and is fixedly connected with apron layer, and the thickness is 6-14mm, and the surface is equipped with antiskid pattern. The structure can also include the screeding layer between apron layer and buffer layer. The utility model passes through multilayer structure design, effectively solved the problem that traditional building apron is easy to damage under heavy load pressure, improved the waterproof protection ability of building foundation, prolonged the service life of apron structure.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of building structure protection, specifically to a pressure-resistant building drainage protection structure. Background Technology

[0002] The apron at the base of a building's exterior wall is an important component of the building's waterproofing system. Its main function is to quickly drain rainwater away from the building's foundation, preventing rainwater from seeping into the ground and protecting the building's foundation from water damage. Traditional building aprons are usually made of concrete or mortar and slope outwards at a certain angle to facilitate drainage.

[0003] Currently, there are various building drainage structures on the market. For example, Chinese patent document CN212001295U discloses a triple-protection waterproof structure for building foundations, including an exterior wall and a rammed earth layer located outside the exterior wall. A drainage structure is laid around the exterior wall, and an exterior wall waterproof structure is set between the drainage structure and the exterior wall. A precast concrete ditch is laid around the drainage structure. By setting up a triple protection measure of drainage structure, precast concrete ditch, and exterior wall waterproof structure, active and passive waterproofing are combined to prevent rainwater from damaging the building foundation.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN223305185U discloses a buried concrete drainage structure. The drainage structure is set around the foundation of the building's exterior wall and includes, from bottom to top, a compacted soil layer, a buried drainage layer, and a planting soil layer. The buried drainage layer includes, from bottom to top, a pebble grouting mortar layer, a C20 fine stone concrete layer, and a waterproof geotextile layer. The buried drainage layer in this drainage structure can effectively drain the surface water near the foundation of the exterior wall.

[0005] Chinese patent document CN207620017U discloses a drainage structure for the exterior wall of a building on expansive soil foundation. It includes a foundation pit dug at the bottom of the outer side of the exterior wall and a base layer, an anti-frost heave layer, a waterproof layer, a protective layer, and a drainage surface layer laid sequentially from bottom to top in the foundation pit. Elastic materials are filled between the exterior wall and the anti-frost heave layer, the waterproof layer, and the protective layer. The drainage surface layer gradually slopes downward from the side closer to the exterior wall to the side farther away from the exterior wall, effectively preventing water accumulation and seepage on the outside of the building exterior wall.

[0006] Chinese patent document CN222500364U discloses a concealed drainage structure for a building, comprising rammed earth and pebble mortar. The rammed earth and pebble mortar are sequentially arranged along the building wall from bottom to top. A concrete protective layer is set on the pebble mortar, and planting soil is set on the concrete protective layer. One end of the concrete protective layer is higher than the other end. After water seeps into the planting soil, it flows along the slope of the concrete protective layer to the outlet and flows out through the outlet to achieve the drainage effect.

[0007] Chinese patent document CN203440903U discloses an outdoor drainage system for buildings, which includes multiple drainage slopes arranged along the perimeter of the exterior wall of the building under construction. Each drainage slope includes a concrete subbase laid on the ground and a drainage surface layer laid on the concrete subbase. The drainage surface layer is a cement mortar surface layer or a stone surface layer. An inter-slope expansion joint is provided between two adjacent drainage slopes, and a wall base expansion joint is provided between each drainage slope and the exterior wall of the building under construction.

[0008] However, existing building drainage structures mainly have the following problems: 1. Traditional drainage structures have insufficient load-bearing capacity. When subjected to frequent vehicle traffic, they are prone to cracking and damage, affecting the drainage function of the drainage system and the waterproofing effect of the building. The damage rate of drainage structures is particularly high in areas where vehicles pass around the building.

[0009] 2. Once the existing drainage structure is damaged, it is difficult and costly to repair, requiring the entire drainage structure to be demolished and rebuilt, which not only increases maintenance costs but also affects the normal use of the building.

[0010] 3. The existing drainage structure lacks an effective flexible transition layer design, which makes it easy for stress concentration to occur between the rigid drainage layer and the protective layer under external loads. This can lead to structural delamination and peeling, reducing the overall stability and service life of the drainage structure.

[0011] 4. Most drainage structure designs only consider drainage function and fail to fully take into account compressive strength and impact resistance, which cannot meet the needs of the complex use environment around modern buildings. Especially in areas with frequent vehicle traffic, the protective capacity of existing drainage structures is obviously insufficient.

[0012] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a building drainage structure that combines drainage and pressure protection functions, which can maintain structural stability under harsh conditions such as vehicle crushing, extend service life, and reduce later maintenance costs. Utility Model Content

[0013] In order to solve the problems of poor pressure resistance and easy damage of existing drainage systems, and to achieve the technical effect of maintaining stability, extending service life and reducing maintenance costs even under vehicle rolling conditions, this utility model provides a pressure-resistant building drainage protection structure.

[0014] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model is implemented through the following technical solution: A pressure-resistant building drainage protection structure, characterized in that it comprises: The foundation layer is located on the outer bottom of the building's exterior wall. A drainage layer, set on top of the foundation layer, is made of concrete and has an outward sloping drainage gradient. A buffer layer, laid on top of the drainage layer, is made of flexible material and is used to absorb the impact of external loads. A protective layer, covering the buffer layer, is a removable steel plate or a high-strength precast concrete slab, and is fixedly connected to the drainage layer.

[0015] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the buffer layer is a rubber pad or a polyethylene foam pad with a thickness of 5-20mm.

[0016] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the protective layer has a thickness of 6-14mm and an anti-slip pattern on its surface.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, a 5-15mm wide sealing joint is provided between the protective layer and the building's exterior wall, and the joint is filled with backing material and weather-resistant sealant.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the overall plane of the protective layer is L-shaped, with its inner right-angled side close to the corner of the building's outer wall and its outer right-angled side located within the original road area.

[0019] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the steel plate is fixedly connected to the drainage layer by anchors, which are anchor bolts and are evenly arranged along the edge of the protective layer.

[0020] As a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the spacing between adjacent anchor bolts is 400-600mm, and the anchor bolt is 40-60mm away from the edge of the steel plate.

[0021] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the high-strength precast concrete slab is fitted and fixed around the perimeter with the grooves reserved on the drainage layer.

[0022] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, it also includes a leveling layer with a thickness of 15-30mm disposed between the water-spreading layer and the buffer layer.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution of this utility model, the leveling layer is a C20 fine stone concrete or mortar layer.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages: 1. High load-bearing capacity: This utility model, by setting a combination structure of buffer layer and protective layer on the apron, allows the protective layer to directly bear vehicle load, effectively avoiding the problem of cracking or damage to the apron due to vehicle rolling, and greatly improving the load-bearing capacity of the overall structure.

[0025] 2. Buffering and shock absorption: The flexible buffer layer set in this utility model can effectively absorb the impact force generated by vehicle driving, prevent hard contact between the steel plate and the water distribution layer, reduce stress concentration, thereby avoiding damage to the water distribution layer and extending the service life of the overall structure.

[0026] 3. Ease of maintenance: The protective layer of this utility model adopts a detachable design. When the protective layer is worn or damaged, it can be replaced separately without damaging the water distribution layer, which greatly reduces the difficulty and cost of maintenance and improves maintenance efficiency.

[0027] 4. Extended lifespan: This utility model, through its multi-layer structure design of a water-diffusion layer, a buffer layer, and a protective layer, significantly improves the overall structure's resistance to pressure and impact, effectively extending the service life of the water-diffusion layer and reducing subsequent maintenance costs.

[0028] Compared with the prior art, this utility model not only retains the drainage function of the apron, but also solves the problem of the apron being easily damaged under vehicle rolling conditions through a multi-layer structure design, thus realizing an organic combination of drainage and pressure protection functions. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the planar structure of the pressure-resistant building drainage protection structure of this utility model.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the pressure-resistant building drainage protection structure of this utility model.

[0031] In the diagram: 1. Foundation layer; 2. Drainage layer; 3. Buffer layer; 4. Protective layer; 5. Leveling layer; 6. Building exterior wall; 7. Sealing joint; 8. Backing material; 9. Anchors; 10. Original road. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of this utility model, the preferred embodiments of this utility model are described below in conjunction with specific examples. However, it should be understood that the accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the present utility model. For better illustration of this embodiment, some components in the drawings may be omitted, enlarged, or reduced, and do not represent the actual product dimensions. For those skilled in the art, the omission of certain well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings is understandable. The positional relationships described in the drawings are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting the present utility model.

[0033] like Figure 1 and Figure 2As shown, this embodiment provides a pressure-resistant building drainage protection structure including a foundation layer 1, a drainage layer 2, a buffer layer 3, and a protective layer 4. The foundation layer 1 is located on the outer side of the bottom of the building's exterior wall 6, serving as the supporting foundation for the entire drainage protection structure, capable of bearing the weight of the superstructure and transferring the load to the foundation.

[0034] In one embodiment of this application, the apron 2 is disposed above the foundation layer 1, is made of concrete, and has an outward sloping drainage gradient. This sloping design allows rainwater to drain quickly, preventing water accumulation from eroding the building foundation. The concrete apron 2 has good load-bearing capacity and durability, and can withstand external loads for a long time.

[0035] In one embodiment of this application, a leveling layer 5 with a thickness of 15-30mm is provided between the apron 2 and the buffer layer 3. The leveling layer 5 is made of C20 fine aggregate concrete or mortar, and its main function is to eliminate the unevenness of the surface of the apron 2, provide a flat installation base for the upper structure, ensure that the buffer layer 3 can be evenly stressed, and improve the stability of the overall structure.

[0036] In one embodiment of this application, the buffer layer 3 is laid on top of the leveling layer 5 and is made of flexible material. Its main purpose is to absorb external load impacts and reduce direct pressure on the drainage layer 2. The buffer layer 3 can be a rubber pad or a polyethylene foam pad, with a thickness of 5-20 mm. These materials have good elasticity and compressive strength, effectively mitigating the impact of heavy objects and vehicle traffic, and extending the service life of the entire drainage protection structure.

[0037] In one embodiment of this application, the protective layer 4 covers the buffer layer 3 and is a removable steel plate or high-strength precast concrete slab, fixedly connected to the drainage layer 2. The protective layer 4 has a thickness of 6-14mm and its surface is provided with anti-slip patterns to improve pedestrian safety and prevent vehicle tires from slipping. The anti-slip pattern is designed with rain and snow conditions in mind, ensuring good anti-slip performance even in wet environments.

[0038] In one embodiment of this application, a 5-15mm wide sealing joint 7 is provided between the protective layer 4 and the building's exterior wall 6, and the joint is filled with a backing material 8 (polyethylene foam) and weather-resistant sealant. This design takes into account the difference in thermal expansion and contraction between the building and the protected structure, avoiding structural damage due to temperature changes; on the other hand, the weather-resistant sealant can prevent rainwater from seeping into the gap, protecting the building's foundation.

[0039] like Figure 1As shown, when the existing land area is relatively limited and the clearance between the park road and the building's exterior wall is insufficient to avoid the minimum turning radius (approximately 12 m) of a fire truck, the inner wheels of the vehicle will inevitably press against the building's drainage area during the turn, easily damaging the drainage system. In a preferred embodiment, the protective layer 4 has an overall L-shaped plan, with its inner right-angled side set close to the corner of the building's exterior wall 6, and its outer right-angled side located within the original road 10 area. This L-shaped design is particularly suitable for drainage protection at building corners, providing comprehensive protection for the building's corner foundation and preventing damage to the building foundation from the additional load generated by vehicles turning at the corner.

[0040] When a steel plate is used as the protective layer 4, the steel plate is fixedly connected to the drainage layer 2 by anchor bolts 9, which are evenly distributed along the edge of the protective layer 4. The spacing between adjacent anchor bolts is 400-600mm, and the anchor bolt is 40-60mm from the edge of the steel plate. This fixing method ensures that the steel plate will not shift when bearing load, and also facilitates disassembly and maintenance when necessary. The even distribution of anchor bolts allows the load to be evenly transferred to the underlying structure, avoiding local stress concentration.

[0041] In another preferred embodiment, when a high-strength precast concrete slab is used as the protective layer 4, the slab is fitted and fixed into the grooves pre-reserved in the apron 2. This fitted connection method eliminates the need for additional connectors, making installation and disassembly more convenient while ensuring the overall stability of the structure. The precast concrete slab can be customized according to site size requirements to ensure precise matching with the grooves in the apron 2.

[0042] This pressure-resistant building drainage protection structure, through its multi-layered design, effectively solves the problems of easy damage and insufficient load-bearing capacity of traditional drainage structures. It is particularly suitable for areas surrounding buildings with frequent vehicle traffic, significantly extending the service life of the drainage structure and reducing maintenance frequency and costs. Based on the description and accompanying drawings of this utility model, those skilled in the art can easily manufacture or use a pressure-resistant building drainage protection structure of this utility model and achieve the positive effects described herein.

[0043] The installation method of the pressure-resistant building drainage protection structure of this utility model includes the following steps: 1. On-site measurement and positioning: Based on the measurement of the building's exterior wall length and the location of the drainage system, determine the installation range of the steel plate and buffer layer, as well as the location of the anchor bolts.

[0044] 2. Basic treatment: Clean the surface of the drainage ditch and the road base to ensure flatness; leveling treatment should be carried out if necessary.

[0045] 3. Laying of the buffer layer: Lay the polyethylene foam padding layer on the apron, ensuring that it is in close contact with the apron surface.

[0046] 4. Steel plate installation: Place the steel plate on the buffer pad layer and fix it with anchor bolts. The anchor bolt spacing is 500mm, and the edge of the steel plate should be 50mm away from the anchor bolts.

[0047] Inspection and adjustment: After installation, check the flatness and stability of the steel plate, and make fine adjustments if necessary to ensure that the protective layer is stable and reliable as a whole.

[0048] Unless otherwise specified, in this utility model, terms such as "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, the terms used to describe orientation or positional relationships in this utility model are for illustrative purposes only and should not be construed as limiting this utility model. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms can be understood in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and according to the specific circumstances.

[0049] Unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "connected," and "linked" in this utility model should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0050] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model in any way. Any simple modifications or equivalent changes made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present utility model shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A pressure-resistant building drainage protection structure, characterized in that, include: The base layer (1) is located on the outer side of the bottom of the building's exterior wall (6); A drainage layer (2) is provided on the foundation layer (1), is made of concrete, and has an outward sloping drainage gradient; A buffer layer (3) is laid on top of the drainage layer (2) and is made of flexible material to absorb the impact of external loads. The protective layer (4), which covers the buffer layer (3), is a detachable steel plate or a high-strength precast concrete slab and is fixedly connected to the drainage layer (2).

2. The pressure-resistant building drainage protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The buffer layer (3) is a rubber pad or a polyethylene foam pad with a thickness of 5-20 mm.

3. The pressure-resistant building drainage protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective layer (4) has a thickness of 6-14 mm and an anti-slip pattern on its surface.

4. The pressure-resistant building drainage protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A 5-15mm wide sealing joint (7) is provided between the protective layer (4) and the building exterior wall (6), and the joint is filled with backing material (8) and weather-resistant sealant.

5. The pressure-resistant building drainage protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective layer (4) has an overall L-shaped plan, with its inner right-angled side set close to the corner of the building's outer wall (6), and its outer right-angled side located within the original road (10).

6. The pressure-resistant building drainage protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The steel plate is fixedly connected to the drainage layer (2) by anchors (9), which are anchor bolts and are evenly arranged along the edge of the protective layer (4).

7. The pressure-resistant building drainage protection structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The spacing between adjacent anchor bolts is 400-600mm, and the anchor bolt is 40-60mm away from the edge of the steel plate.

8. The pressure-resistant building drainage protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-strength precast concrete slab is fitted and fixed around the perimeter with the grooves reserved on the drainage layer (2).

9. The pressure-resistant building drainage protection structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a leveling layer (5) with a thickness of 15-30mm, which is disposed between the water-spreading layer (2) and the buffer layer (3).

10. The pressure-resistant building drainage protection structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The leveling layer (5) is a C20 fine stone concrete or mortar layer.

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