Carbon fiber composite fire ladder

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of carbon fiber composite fire fighting ladders, including outer ladder, inner ladder, the outer ladder and inner ladder are all included main beam and ladder step;The main beam and ladder step are carbon fiber composite material pipe;The carbon fiber composite material pipe includes pultrusion layer and winding layer;Aluminum block is arranged in the cavity of the connecting end of the main beam and ladder step connection;Window is opened on the side wall of the main beam;The connecting end of the ladder step is inserted in the window of the main beam.The utility model's fire fighting ladder meets the prerequisite of strength, rigidity and other mechanical properties, and compared with traditional fire ladder, obvious weight loss, convenient to carry and use;Meanwhile, the connecting structure of ladder step and main beam is optimized, the connecting strength and rigidity of ladder step and main beam are enhanced, the stability of long-term use is guaranteed;In addition, the sliding result in the utility model can realize the quick lifting of fire fighting ladder.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fire-fighting equipment technology, specifically to a fire ladder made of carbon fiber composite material. Background Technology

[0002] Fire ladders are essential equipment commonly used by fire brigades in firefighting, rescue, and emergency operations. Their performance directly affects the efficiency of rescue efforts and the safety of firefighters. Currently, most fire ladders used by fire brigades are made of bamboo and wood. However, these bamboo and wood fire ladders have significant drawbacks. Bamboo and wood are inherently heavy; existing bamboo and wood fire ladders weigh approximately 28.5 kg, which greatly inconveniences firefighters in carrying and operating them. In emergency rescue scenarios, the extra weight consumes a significant amount of firefighters' energy, slowing down the rescue process. Furthermore, bamboo and wood have poor durability. Over long-term use, they are susceptible to environmental factors, such as mold and rot in humid environments and deformation and cracking in high-temperature environments. This results in a shorter lifespan for the ladders, requiring frequent replacements and increasing equipment costs for fire departments.

[0003] Carbon fiber composites have excellent properties such as high strength, lightweight, corrosion resistance, and high temperature resistance, and can be used as an ideal alternative material for fire ladders to improve their durability and lightweight. However, there are corresponding technical difficulties in the structural design of the main beam and kick plate and the connection between the main beam and kick plate when using carbon fiber composites to manufacture fire ladders: (1) The main beam and kick plate need to have high mechanical properties in both the length and circumferential directions. Currently, more than 90% of the fibers in carbon fiber pultruded pipes are in the 0° direction (the length direction of the pipe), and the circumferential strength is weak; (2) The connection between the main beam and kick plate is difficult and the connection strength is insufficient, which cannot meet the strength requirements of the fire ladder during the load-bearing process and poses a safety hazard. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems and provide a lightweight carbon fiber composite fire ladder with high connection strength.

[0005] To achieve the above technical objectives, the technical solution provided by this utility model is as follows: A carbon fiber composite fire ladder includes an outer ladder and an inner ladder, both of which include a main beam and steps; the main beam and steps are both carbon fiber composite tubes; the carbon fiber composite tubes include a pultruded layer and a wound layer; an aluminum block is disposed in the cavity of the connection end of the step and the main beam; a window is opened on the side wall of the main beam; the connection end of the step is inserted into the window of the main beam.

[0006] In this embodiment, the main beams and steps of both the outer and inner ladders are made of carbon fiber wound tubing, which meets the mechanical properties in the length and circumferential directions. Compared with ladders made of traditional materials, the weight is significantly reduced, making them easier to transport and use. At the same time, aluminum blocks are installed at the connection between the steps and the main beam to prevent deformation of the connection under stress.

[0007] In another embodiment, the carbon fiber composite tube can be a square tube, a round tube, or a tube with other cross-sectional shapes, which can be selected according to actual needs; the structure of the aluminum block is adapted to the cavity of the tube.

[0008] In another embodiment, a through hole is provided on the side wall of the main beam at a position opposite to the window, and a threaded hole is provided on the aluminum block. A screw is used to pass through the through hole and engage with the threaded hole on the aluminum block to form a bolted connection between the main beam and the ladder.

[0009] In the above embodiments, by setting threaded holes on the aluminum block and using bolts or screws to strengthen the connection between the main beam and the ladder, the stability of the structure is ensured.

[0010] In another embodiment, a structural adhesive layer is also provided between the inner wall of the carbon fiber composite tube at the stair connecting end and the outer surface of the aluminum block.

[0011] In another embodiment, a structural adhesive layer is provided between the composite material tube wall of the main beam and the composite material tube wall of the staircase connection end.

[0012] In the above embodiments, the connection strength at the joint is further enhanced by providing a structural adhesive layer.

[0013] In another embodiment, reinforcing corner pieces are also provided at the connection between the stair treads and the main beam to further enhance the connection strength and stability between the stair treads and the main beam.

[0014] In another embodiment, a pulley is provided on the top step of the outer ladder, and a crossbeam is provided at the bottom of the inner ladder; a rope is connected to the crossbeam, and the free end of the rope passes through the pulley on the outer ladder, so that the relative rise and fall of the inner ladder can be controlled by pulling the free end of the rope.

[0015] In another embodiment, the crossbeam has a circular cross-section and is rotatably positioned above the bottom rung of the inner ladder; a spring is installed between the bottom rung and the crossbeam, with both ends of the spring fixedly connected; the connection point of the rope on the crossbeam and the connection point of the spring form an angle of 0-90° relative to the axis of the crossbeam; V-shaped metal parts are fixedly installed on both sides of the crossbeam near the main beam, with the opening of the V-shaped metal parts facing the rung below the crossbeam.

[0016] In another embodiment, the outer ladder is further provided with an inner ladder limiting structure, the inner ladder limiting structure including an installation beam perpendicular to the main beam and the ladder steps and a bearing provided on the installation beam, the shaft of the bearing being parallel to the ladder steps; the bearing overlapping with the main beam of the inner ladder.

[0017] In another embodiment, the outer and inner ladders also include handrails mounted on the main beam.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this utility model are as follows: the main beam and steps of the fire ladder are made of carbon fiber wound tubing, which meets the mechanical performance requirements in the length direction and the upper ring direction, and reduces the weight by more than 30% compared with traditional fire ladders, making the ladder easier to transport and use; at the same time, the connection structure between the steps and the main beam is optimized, enhancing the connection strength and rigidity between the steps and the main beam, ensuring the stability of long-term use; in addition, the sliding mechanism of this utility model can realize the rapid raising and lowering of the fire ladder. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the fire ladder in its extended state according to the present invention; Appendix Figure 2 This is a top view of the fire ladder in its extended state according to the present invention; Appendix Figure 3 Exploded view of the connection structure between the stair treads and the main beam; Appendix Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the external ladder structure; Appendix Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the internal staircase structure; Appendix Figure 6 Partial illustration of a fire ladder Figure 1 ; Appendix Figure 7 Partial illustration of a fire ladder Figure 2 .

[0020] Wherein: 1-Outer ladder; 11-Outer ladder main beam; 111-Window; 112-Through hole; 12-Outer ladder tread; 13-Pulley; 14-Bearing mounting beam; 15-Bearing; 16-Outer ladder handrail; 2-Inner ladder; 21-Inner ladder main beam; 22-Inner ladder tread; 23-Crossbeam; 24-Spring; 25-V-shaped metal part; 26-Inner ladder handrail; 3-Aluminum block; 31-Threaded hole; 4-Structural adhesive layer; 41-First structural adhesive layer; 42-Second structural adhesive layer; 5-Threaded nail; 6-Reinforcing corner piece; 7-Rope. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0022] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0023] See appendix Figure 1-2 A carbon fiber composite fire ladder includes an outer ladder 1 and an inner ladder 2; the outer ladder includes an outer ladder main beam 11 and an outer ladder rung 12; the inner ladder 2 includes an inner ladder main beam 21 and an inner ladder rung 22, wherein the outer ladder main beam 11, the outer ladder rung 12, the inner ladder main beam 21, and the inner ladder rung 22 are all carbon fiber composite tubes, specifically square tubes; the carbon fiber composite tube includes a pultruded layer and a wound layer.

[0024] See appendix Figure 3An aluminum block 3 is disposed in the cavity of the connection end between the outer ladder step 12 and the outer ladder main beam 11; a window 111 is opened on the side wall of the outer ladder main beam 11; the connection end of the outer ladder step 12 is inserted into the window 111 of the outer ladder main beam 11; the aluminum block 3 can be a solid square structure or a hollow square structure; a structural adhesive layer 4 is also provided at the connection end between the outer ladder step 12 and the outer ladder main beam 11, the structural adhesive layer 4 including a first structural adhesive layer 41 and a second structural adhesive layer 42; the first structural adhesive layer 41 is disposed between the inner wall of the carbon fiber composite tube at the connection end of the main beam step 12 and the outer surface of the aluminum block 3; the second structural adhesive layer 42 is disposed between the composite tube wall of the outer ladder main beam 11 and the outer ladder step 12. Between the composite material pipe walls at the connecting ends; a through hole 112 is also provided on the side wall of the outer ladder main beam 11 at a position opposite to the window 111; a threaded hole 31 is provided on the aluminum block 3. Specifically, when the aluminum block 3 is a solid square structure, the threaded hole 31 can penetrate the aluminum block 3 or not. When the aluminum block 3 is a hollow square structure, the threaded hole 31 should be open at both ends; thus, by using a threaded nail 5 to pass through the through hole 112 on the outer ladder main beam 11 and cooperate with the threaded hole 31 on the aluminum block 3, the outer ladder main beam 11 and the outer ladder step 12 are bolted together, further strengthening the connection strength between the outer ladder step 12 and the outer ladder main beam 11; the connection between the outer ladder step 12 and the outer ladder main beam 11 is also a reinforcing corner piece 6.

[0025] The connection method between the inner ladder step 22 and the inner ladder main beam 21 is the same as the connection method between the outer ladder step 12 and the outer ladder main beam 11.

[0026] See appendix Figure 4 , 5 6. A pulley 13 is also provided on the outer ladder step 11 at the top of the outer ladder 1, and a crossbeam 23 is provided at the bottom of the inner ladder 2; a rope 7 is connected to the crossbeam 23, and the free end of the rope 7 passes through the pulley 13 on the outer ladder 1. By pulling the free end of the rope 7, the inner ladder 2 can be controlled to rise or fall relative to the outer ladder 1.

[0027] See Figure 6 , Figure 7 The crossbeam 23 has a circular cross-section and is rotatably mounted above the bottom inner ladder step 22 of the inner ladder 2. A spring 24 is installed between the bottom inner ladder step 22 and the crossbeam 23, with both ends of the spring 24 fixedly connected. The connection point of the rope 7 on the crossbeam 23 and the connection point of the spring 24 form an angle of 0-90° with respect to the axis of the crossbeam 23. V-shaped metal parts 25 are fixedly installed at both ends of the crossbeam 23, with the opening of the V-shaped metal parts 25 facing the inner ladder step 22 below the crossbeam 23. Specifically, the V-shaped metal parts 25 are welded to the crossbeam 23 as a whole. Through this setting, the V-shaped metal parts 25 can act as a stop to restrict the inner ladder 2 from sliding down relative to the outer ladder 1.

[0028] The outer ladder 1 is also provided with at least one set of inner ladder limiting structures; the inner ladder limiting structures include bearing mounting beams 14 perpendicular to the outer ladder main beam 11 and the outer ladder steps 12, and bearings 15 mounted on the bearing mounting beams 14, the shafts of the bearings 15 being parallel to the outer ladder steps 12. Specifically, one set of these inner ladder limiting structures can be provided at the upper end of the outer ladder 1; or multiple sets can be provided, evenly distributed along the length of the outer ladder 1. These inner ladder limiting structures can prevent the inner ladder from detaching from the outer ladder, and can make the inner ladder slide up and down relative to the outer ladder more easily and quickly.

[0029] The outer ladder 1 is equipped with an outer ladder handrail 16; the inner ladder 2 is equipped with an inner ladder handrail 26.

[0030] The working principle of the fire ladder in this embodiment is as follows: When the fire ladder is in the retracted state, the V-shaped metal part on the inner ladder, under its own weight, simultaneously locks the bottom rungs of both the inner and outer ladders. Furthermore, the inner ladder limiting structure at the top of the outer ladder keeps the inner and outer ladders connected and fixed. When it is necessary to raise the inner ladder, pulling the free end of the rope causes it to rise. During the ascent, the crossbeam rotates under the tension of the rope, stretching the spring. The crossbeam then rotates the V-shaped metal part by the same angle, preventing it from colliding with the rungs of the outer ladder during the ascent. When the ladder is pulled to a position slightly above the required height, the pulling force is stopped. The crossbeam is pulled by the spring and rotates back to its original position. The V-shaped metal part simultaneously locks the outer ladder step 12 and the inner ladder step 22 below it, stabilizing the height of the fire ladder. When it is necessary to retract the inner ladder, gently pull up the free end of the rope to first make the V-shaped metal part leave the currently locked outer ladder step. At the same time, the crossbeam rotates, causing the V-shaped metal part to rotate at a certain angle to avoid interference with the outer ladder step during descent. Then, keep holding the free end of the rope and let the inner ladder slowly slide down by gravity to complete the retraction.

[0031] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A carbon fiber composite fire ladder, comprising an outer ladder and an inner ladder, wherein both the outer ladder and the inner ladder include a main beam and ladder steps; characterized in that, Both the main beam and the stair treads are made of carbon fiber composite tubes; the carbon fiber composite tubes include a pultruded layer and a wound layer; an aluminum block is placed in the cavity of the connection end of the stair treads to the main beam; a window is opened on the side wall of the main beam; the connection end of the stair treads is inserted into the window of the main beam.

2. The carbon fiber composite fire ladder according to claim 1, characterized in that, A through hole is provided on the side wall of the main beam at the position opposite to the window, and a threaded hole is provided on the aluminum block. Screws are used to pass through the through hole and fit into the threaded hole on the aluminum block to form a bolted connection between the main beam and the ladder.

3. The carbon fiber composite fire ladder according to claim 1, characterized in that, A structural adhesive layer is also provided between the inner wall of the carbon fiber composite tube at the staircase connection end and the outer surface of the aluminum block.

4. The carbon fiber composite fire ladder according to claim 1, characterized in that, A structural adhesive layer is also provided between the composite material tube wall of the main beam and the composite material tube wall of the staircase connection end.

5. A carbon fiber composite fire ladder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The connection between the stair treads and the main beam is also equipped with reinforcing corner plates.

6. A carbon fiber composite fire ladder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer ladder is equipped with pulleys on the top steps, and the inner ladder is equipped with a crossbeam at the bottom. A rope is connected to the crossbeam, and the free end of the rope passes through the pulleys on the outer ladder. Pulling the free end of the rope controls the inner ladder to rise and fall relative to the outer ladder.

7. A carbon fiber composite fire ladder according to claim 6, characterized in that, The crossbeam has a circular cross-section and is rotatably positioned above the bottom rung of the inner ladder. A spring is installed between the bottom rung and the crossbeam, with both ends of the spring fixedly connected. The connection point of the rope on the crossbeam and the connection point of the spring form an angle of 0-90° relative to the axis of the crossbeam. V-shaped metal parts are fixedly installed on both sides of the crossbeam near the main beam, with the opening of the V-shaped metal parts facing the rung below the crossbeam.

8. A carbon fiber composite fire ladder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer ladder is also provided with an inner ladder limiting structure, which includes an installation beam perpendicular to the main beam and the steps, and a bearing installed on the installation beam. The shaft of the bearing is parallel to the steps; the bearing overlaps with the main beam of the inner ladder.

9. A carbon fiber composite fire ladder according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer and inner ladders also include handrails installed on the main beam.

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