A telescopic support for mine roadway support

Abstract

The utility model relates to mine roadway support technical field especially relates to a telescopic support for mine roadway support, including base, sleeve one, support arch and elastic sheet etc., every two bases are a support unit, the upper portion of base is firmly connected with sleeve one, the upper portion in sleeve one is slidably provided with support arch, two support arches in every support unit are symmetrically arranged, and are separated and do not contact each other, and a plurality of elastic sheets are arranged between the inner side of the upper end of two support arches. The utility model discloses a support arch is provided with two separated symmetrical structures, and the elastic sheet is connected to the inner side of the upper end, and the sliding square tube is sleeved on the outer side, when uneven subsidence or two sides extrusion occurs in the roadway roof, the two support arches can be close to the center horizontally and the effect of cooperative deformation is achieved, effectively solve the problem that the traditional integral arch frame is easy to produce the emptying, distortion or local instability because of the inability to adapt to the lateral convergence.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of mine roadway support technology, and in particular to a telescopic support for mine roadway support. Background Technology

[0002] In the mining process of coal and metal mines, roadways serve as important passages for transportation, ventilation, and pedestrians. The stability of the surrounding rock is directly related to safe production. To prevent roadways from becoming unstable under high ground stress or weak surrounding rock conditions, such as roof falls, sidewall collapses, or floor heaves, it is usually necessary to use support supports to actively support the roadway cross-section. Among them, arched or curved supports are widely used in various roadway support projects due to their reasonable stress distribution and strong load-bearing capacity.

[0003] Currently, tunnel support systems mostly use U-shaped steel fixed supports, I-beam steel frames, or prefabricated metal supports. During installation, these structures typically rely on pads for adjustment or overlapping of components of different lengths to achieve the initial height setting, which is a one-time static installation. Once the surrounding rock undergoes continuous deformation due to changes in ground pressure, mining, or hydrogeological effects, it is difficult to dynamically adjust according to the deformation of the surrounding rock. In actual engineering, the deformation of the surrounding rock in tunnels often manifests as complex forms such as uneven roof subsidence, inward squeezing of the sidewalls, or floor bulging. Faced with this type of deformation, traditional integral roof beams lack local adjustment capabilities and are prone to twisting deformation, joint voids, or even local instability, leading to a deterioration of the contact state between the support system and the surrounding rock, uneven distribution of bearing capacity, and seriously affecting the overall effectiveness of the support and the long-term stability of the tunnel.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to design a telescopic support for mine roadway support. Utility Model Content

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings of existing roadway support structures, which are difficult to dynamically adjust their height to adapt to the deformation of the surrounding rock after installation, and are prone to torsion and instability under non-uniform loads, this utility model provides a telescopic support for mine roadway support.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A telescopic support for mine roadway support includes a base, a first sleeve, a support arch, a guide column, elastic plates, a sliding square tube, a second sleeve, a top plate, a compression spring, and an adjusting screw. Each pair of bases forms a support unit. A first sleeve is fixedly connected to the upper part of each base. A support arch is slidably installed in the upper part of the first sleeve. The two support arches in each support unit are arranged symmetrically from left to right, separated from each other and not in contact. Multiple elastic plates are provided between the inner sides of the upper ends of the two support arches. At the same time, a sliding square tube is sleeved on the outer sides of the upper ends of the two support arches. The inner wall of the sliding square tube slides in fit with the outer surface of the two support arches. A second sleeve is fixedly connected to the upper part of each base and is located inside the first sleeve. A guide column is fixedly connected to the lower end of each support arch and is slidably inserted into the second sleeve. A top plate is slidably installed in the lower part of the second sleeve. A compression spring is provided between the top plate and the guide column. An adjusting screw is rotatably connected to the outer side of the first sleeve and is threadedly connected to the top plate.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, it further includes a slider, a fastening bolt, and friction plates. Each support arch has a slider that is slidably connected to the outside of the arch. The slider is in contact with the outer surface of the sleeve through a groove and can slide up and down synchronously with the support arch. A fastening bolt is threaded between the slider and the support arch. A plurality of friction plates made of high friction coefficient material are embedded on the outer surface of the sleeve. The friction plates are in close contact with the slider. The clamping force of the slider on the friction plates can be adjusted by rotating the fastening bolt.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, it also includes a pointer and a scale mark. The pointer is fixedly connected to the outer side of the slider, and the outer surface of the sleeve is provided with a scale mark arranged along the axial direction. The pointer points to the scale mark area to intuitively display the settlement displacement of the support arch.

[0009] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it further includes a connector and a longitudinal connecting rod. Each sleeve has a connector connected to its inner side, and two connectors arranged opposite each other in adjacent support units can be connected by the longitudinal connecting rod.

[0010] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the support arch is integrally formed from a high-strength alloy steel plate, has an outwardly convex arc shape, and a smooth and flat surface.

[0011] In a preferred embodiment of this utility model, the friction plates are all made of copper-based powder metallurgy, and the surface of the friction plates is processed with fine groove texture.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of this utility model are: 1. This utility model sets the support arch as two separate symmetrical structures, with an elastic sheet connected to the inner side of the upper end and a sliding square tube sleeved on the outer side. This achieves the effect that when the roof of the roadway sinks unevenly or the two sides squeeze inward, the two support arches can move horizontally toward the center and deform together. This effectively solves the problem that traditional integral arch frames are prone to voiding, twisting or local instability because they cannot adapt to lateral convergence.

[0013] 2. This utility model sets up an adjustable friction damping mechanism consisting of a slider, friction plate and fastening bolts between the support arch and the sleeve, and forms a graded buffer system with the help of a compression spring. This achieves the effect of absorbing micro-deformation by the spring when the surrounding rock pressure is small, and releasing pressure through controllable sliding when the pressure exceeds the limit. It takes into account both the initial support stiffness and the ability to adapt to large deformation, and avoids the failure of the support due to rigid constraints. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the overall structure of a telescopic support for mine roadway support; Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the base, sleeve 1, and support arch of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the support arch, elastic sheet, and connecting parts of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the guide column, slider, and fastening bolts of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the sleeve, top plate, and slider components of this utility model; Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the top plate, compression spring, and adjusting screw of this utility model.

[0015] In the diagram: 1-base, 2-sleeve one, 3-support arch, 4-elastic plate, 5-sliding square tube, 6-connector, 7-longitudinal connecting rod, 21-sleeve two, 22-top plate, 23-compression spring, 24-adjusting screw, 31-guide post, 32-slider, 33-fastening bolt, 34-friction plate, 35-pointer, 36-scale marking. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0017] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "left", "right", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this utility model and simplifying the description.

[0018] like Figures 1-6 As shown, a telescopic support for mine roadway support includes a base 1, a sleeve 2, a support arch 3, a guide column 31, elastic plates 4, a sliding square tube 5, a second sleeve 21, a roof plate 22, a compression spring 23, and an adjusting screw 24. Each pair of bases 1 forms a support unit. A sleeve 2 is fixedly connected to the upper part of each base 1. A support arch 3 is slidably mounted inside the upper part of each sleeve 2. The two support arches 3 in each support unit are arranged symmetrically from left to right, separated from each other and not in contact. The support arch 3 is integrally formed from high-strength alloy steel plate, with an outwardly convex arc shape and a smooth, flat surface to reduce local stress concentration when in contact with the surrounding rock. Multiple elastic plates 4 are connected between the inner upper ends of the two support arches 3. The upper outer sides of the two arch supports 3 are fitted with sliding square tubes 5. The inner wall of the sliding square tubes 5 and the outer surface of the two arch supports 3 are slidably engaged by sliding grooves. The upper part of the base 1 is fixedly connected with sleeve 21, which is located inside sleeve 2. The lower end of the arch supports 3 is fixedly connected with guide posts 31, which are slidably inserted into sleeve 21. The lower part of sleeve 21 is slidably connected with a top plate 22 by sliding grooves. A compression spring 23 is connected between the top plate 22 and the guide post 31. The bottom end of the compression spring 23 presses on the top plate 22, and the top end of the compression spring 23 presses against the bottom of the guide post 31. The outer side of sleeve 2 is rotatably connected with an adjusting screw 24 by bearings. The adjusting screw 24 is threadedly connected to the top plate 22.

[0019] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, the telescopic support for mine roadway support also includes a slider 32, a fastening bolt 33, and friction plates 34. Each support arch 3 has a slider 32 slidably connected to its outer side. The slider 32 fits against the outer surface of the sleeve 2 through a groove and can slide up and down synchronously with the support arch 3. The slider 32 and the support arch 3 are threadedly connected by a fastening bolt 33. The outer surface of the sleeve 2 is fitted with multiple friction plates 34 made of high friction coefficient material. The friction plates 34 fit tightly against the slider 32. The clamping force of the slider 32 on the friction plates 34 can be adjusted by rotating the fastening bolt 33. The friction plates 34 are all made of copper-based powder metallurgy, and the surface of the friction plates 34 is processed with fine groove texture to store trace amounts of dust or lubricating particles during long-term sliding to prevent the friction interface from seizing.

[0020] like Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the telescopic support for mine roadway support also includes a pointer 35 and a scale mark 36. The pointer 35 is fixedly connected to the outer side of the slider 32. The outer surface of the sleeve 2 is provided with a scale mark 36 arranged along the axial direction. The pointer 35 points to the area of ​​the scale mark 36 to visually display the settlement displacement of the support arch 3.

[0021] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the telescopic support for mine roadway support also includes a connector 6 and a longitudinal connecting rod 7. A connector 6 is welded to the inner side of each sleeve 2. Two connectors 6 arranged opposite each other in adjacent support units can be connected by the longitudinal connecting rod 7 to enhance the overall stability and collaborative support capability of multiple sets of supports.

[0022] In actual use of this support frame, the construction personnel connect several support units through longitudinal connecting rods 7 and arrange them in the roadway. Each support unit consists of two bases 1. The upper part of the base 1 is fixedly connected to sleeve 1 2 and sleeve 21. The guide column 31 fixed at the lower end of the support arch 3 is slidably inserted into the sleeve 21. The main body of the support arch 3 is slidably assembled in the sleeve 1 2. The two support arches 3 are arranged symmetrically from left to right, separated from each other and their upper ends do not contact each other, together forming an arched support surface to support the roadway roof 22.

[0023] Subsequently, the construction workers rotated the adjusting screw 24. Since the adjusting screw 24 is threadedly connected to the roof plate 22, rotating the adjusting screw 24 drives the roof plate 22 to move upward along the inner wall of the sleeve 21. The compression spring 23 is squeezed, and the compression spring 23 lifts the support arch 3 as a whole through the guide column 31 until the upper surface of the support arch 3 and the upper surface of the sliding square tube 5 are tightly attached to the roadway wall. By controlling the number of rotations of the adjusting screw 24, the initial installation height of the support can be precisely set to adapt to roadways with different cross-sectional dimensions.

[0024] After the height adjustment is completed, the operator tightens the fastening bolt 33 and pushes the slider 32 inward to press the outer side of the support arch 3. The slider 32 fits against the outer surface of the sleeve 2 through the groove. Its pressing action makes the friction plate 34 firmly clamped between the slider 32 and the sleeve 2. The friction plate 34 is made of copper-based powder metallurgy material, which has a high coefficient of friction and excellent wear resistance. By adjusting the pre-tightening force of the fastening bolt 33, the critical friction resistance required for the support arch 3 to slide in the vertical direction can be set.

[0025] When a vertical load is applied to the roof 22 of the tunnel, the support arch 3 is pressed down, which drives the guide column 31 to move down synchronously. The compression spring 23 then undergoes elastic deformation, absorbing the initial deformation energy of the surrounding rock and achieving the first-level buffer. If the surrounding rock pressure continues to increase and exceeds the set threshold, the support arch 3 will continue to slide down along the inner wall of the sleeve 2, and the slider 32 will move synchronously with it. Since the slider 32 always adheres to and presses against the friction plate 34 embedded in the groove on its outer wall, it increases the positive pressure and improves the sliding resistance, forming a controllable second-level pressure relief mechanism. During the sinking process of the support arch 3, the pointer 35 fixed on the outside of the slider 32 moves synchronously along the scale mark 36 on the outer surface of the sleeve 2, indicating the settlement displacement in real time, which makes it easy for the inspection personnel to intuitively grasp the load status and deformation degree of the support.

[0026] In addition, the upper ends of the two support arches 3 are fitted with sliding square tubes 5, whose inner walls slide against the outer surface of the support arches 3. When the roadway wall sinks unevenly or the two sides squeeze inward, the two support arches 3 can move towards the center in the horizontal direction. The multiple elastic plates 4 connected to the inner side of their upper ends will bend or stretch and deform accordingly, effectively releasing lateral stress. After unloading, the elastic plates 4 provide restoring force to maintain good adhesion between the support surface and the roadway wall.

[0027] When multiple sets of this support are used together, the connecting parts 6 in adjacent support units are connected to each other by longitudinal connecting rods 7 to form a continuous support system. This effectively prevents individual supports from overturning or flipping outward, significantly enhances the overall stability, and enables each support unit to work together to bear the force and distribute the load evenly during the deformation of the surrounding rock, greatly improving the safety redundancy and geological adaptability of the support system.

[0028] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of this utility model and are not intended to limit it. Although this utility model has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made to the technical solutions of this utility model without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of this utility model, and all such modifications or substitutions should be covered within the scope of the claims of this utility model.

Claims

1. A telescopic support for mine roadway support, characterized in that: The system includes a base (1), a sleeve (2), a support arch (3), a guide column (31), an elastic plate (4), a sliding square tube (5), a sleeve (21), a top plate (22), a compression spring (23), and an adjusting screw (24). Each pair of bases (1) forms a support unit. A sleeve (2) is fixedly connected to the upper part of each base (1). A support arch (3) is slidably provided in the upper part of each sleeve (2). The two support arches (3) in each support unit are arranged symmetrically from left to right. Multiple elastic plates (4) are provided between the inner sides of the upper ends of the two support arches (3). At the same time, the outer sides of the upper ends of the two support arches (3) are together fitted with A sliding square tube (5) is provided, and the inner wall of the sliding square tube (5) is slidably engaged with the outer surface of the two support arches (3). A sleeve two (21) is fixedly connected to the upper part of the base (1). The sleeve two (21) is located inside the sleeve one (2). A guide column (31) is fixedly connected to the lower end of the support arches (3). The guide column (31) is slidably inserted into the sleeve two (21). A top plate (22) is slidably provided in the lower part of the sleeve two (21). A compression spring (23) is provided between the top plate (22) and the guide column (31). An adjusting screw (24) is rotatably connected to the outer side of the sleeve one (2). The adjusting screw (24) is threadedly connected to the top plate (22).

2. A telescopic support for mine roadway support according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a slider (32), a fastening bolt (33) and a friction plate (34). Each support arch (3) has a slider (32) slidably connected to the outside of the support arch (3). The slider (32) is in contact with the outer surface of the sleeve (2) through the groove and can slide up and down synchronously with the support arch (3). The slider (32) and the support arch (3) are connected by a fastening bolt (33) threadedly. The outer surface of the sleeve (2) is fitted with a number of friction plates (34) made of high friction coefficient material. The friction plates (34) are in close contact with the slider (32). The clamping force of the slider (32) on the friction plate (34) can be adjusted by rotating the fastening bolt (33).

3. A telescopic support for mine roadway support according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a pointer (35) and a scale mark (36). The pointer (35) is fixedly connected to the outer side of the slider (32). The outer surface of the sleeve (2) is provided with a scale mark (36) arranged along the axial direction. The pointer (35) points to the area of ​​the scale mark (36) to intuitively display the settlement displacement of the support arch (3).

4. A telescopic support for mine roadway support according to claim 3, characterized in that: It also includes a connector (6) and a longitudinal connecting rod (7). Each sleeve (2) has a connector (6) connected to its inner side. Two connectors (6) that are arranged opposite each other in adjacent support units can be connected by the longitudinal connecting rod (7).

5. A telescopic support for mine roadway support according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support arch (3) is integrally formed from high-strength alloy steel plate, with an outward convex arc shape and a smooth and flat surface.

6. A telescopic support for mine roadway support according to claim 5, characterized in that: The friction plates (34) are all made of copper-based powder metallurgy, and the surface of the friction plates (34) is processed with fine groove texture.

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