A kind of red soil nickel ore drying device for smelting production

Abstract

The utility model relates to laterite nickel ore drying technical field, and disclose a kind of laterite nickel ore drying device for smelting production, including main shaft and the transmission gear of driving the rotation of main shaft, one protection ring is movably sleeved on the main shaft;The inside of the protection ring is provided with passive claw, the transmission clamping groove that is compatible with passive claw is opened in the outer surface of the main shaft;Offset slot is opened in the both sides of the protection ring, and one end of hammer chain penetrates offset slot and is connected with weight. The laterite nickel ore drying device for smelting production, by introducing the automatic disengaging mechanism formed by protection ring, gear and claw, the power connection of the part can be instantaneously released when single weight is accidentally broken or falls off.This effectively avoids the whole machine violent vibration caused by unbalanced rotor mass, so as to protect the core components such as main shaft, bearing and transmission system from impact damage, greatly improves the reliability and safety of equipment operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of laterite nickel ore drying technology, specifically a laterite nickel ore drying device for smelting production. Background Technology

[0002] Laterite nickel ore, as an important nickel resource, must undergo drying pretreatment before smelting to remove up to 30%-35% of attached water. However, this ore has high viscosity, agglomeration, and strong abrasive properties, posing a severe challenge to the dispersing stage during the drying process. Currently, the widely used dispersing devices in the industry are based on a hinged hammer structure. Their core principle is that multiple hammers hinged on a high-speed rotating rotor open under centrifugal force, impacting and crushing the wet ore clumps entering the dryer cylinder.

[0003] The most significant shortcomings of existing technologies lie in reliability and maintenance costs. Firstly, there is a serious risk of dynamic imbalance. During operation, the hammers are subjected to continuous abrasion from laterite nickel ore, making them highly susceptible to uneven, unilateral wear, leading to deviations in their mass distribution. Wear or detachment of one or more hammers can cause the rotor system's center of mass to deviate from the theoretical axis of rotation, generating enormous periodic centrifugal forces and causing severe vibrations throughout the dryer unit. This vibration not only damages core components such as the main shaft, bearings, and transmission gears but also poses a significant safety hazard, potentially leading to equipment shutdown. Secondly, there is poor adaptability to overload conditions. Although the articulated design itself provides some avoidance capabilities, when encountering uncrushable foreign objects such as iron or hard stones mixed in with the material, the impact force can still be directly transmitted to the transmission system, potentially causing hammer breakage or hammer shaft bending, also resulting in serious mechanical failures.

[0004] In summary, existing dispersing technologies, due to their inherent deficiencies in stability, self-protection capabilities, and environmental tolerance, have become a key bottleneck restricting the efficient and stable drying process of laterite nickel ore. Utility Model Content

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this utility model provides a drying device for laterite nickel ore used in smelting production, which solves the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this utility model employs the following technical solution: It includes a main shaft and a transmission gear that drives the main shaft to rotate. A protective ring is movably sleeved on the main shaft. A passive toothed pawl is provided on the inner side of the protective ring, and a transmission groove adapted to the passive toothed pawl is opened on the outer surface of the main shaft. Offset grooves are opened at both ends of the protective ring, and movable openings are opened on both sides. One end of a hammer chain passes through the movable opening and is connected to a counterweight, while the other end is fixedly connected to an active toothed pawl. A protective gear is rotatably arranged inside the protective ring, and its two sides mesh with the active toothed pawl and the passive toothed pawl, respectively. When the counterweight pulls the hammer chain outward under centrifugal force, the hammer chain drives the active toothed pawl to move, and through the transmission of the protective gear, drives the passive toothed pawl to engage in the transmission groove of the main shaft, causing the protective ring and the counterweight to rotate synchronously with the main shaft.

[0007] Optionally, a limiting device is fixedly provided on the hammer chain. The limiting device is located inside the protective ring and is used to limit the movement of the hammer chain in the offset groove.

[0008] Optionally, the openings at both ends of the protective ring that are fitted onto the main shaft are elliptical, allowing the protective ring to slide radially relative to the main shaft.

[0009] Optionally, the transmission slot is a strip-shaped groove extending along the main shaft axial direction.

[0010] Optionally, multiple sets of hammer chains and counterweights are arranged along the axial direction of the main shaft, and the length of the hammer chains gradually increases from the feed end to the discharge end.

[0011] Optionally, it also includes a support end frame. The dispersing device is set at the feeding end of the support end frame of the rotary dryer. The front end of the support end frame has a feeding port at the top and the rear end has a discharging port at the bottom. A drying cylinder is movably installed in the middle of the support end frame through a support roller. A drive roller is provided on the outer wall of the drying cylinder, and a drive motor is driven through the drive roller.

[0012] Optionally, the protective ring and the counterweight are disposed inside the inlet end housing of the drying cylinder.

[0013] Optionally, a dustproof sealing structure is provided between the protective ring and the main shaft, and at the movable gap between the protective ring and the hammer chain; wherein, a rotary shaft lip seal or labyrinth seal is provided between the protective ring and the main shaft; and a flexible dustproof cover is provided at the movable gap of the offset groove of the protective ring.

[0014] This utility model provides a drying device for laterite nickel ore in smelting production, which has the following beneficial effects: 1. This laterite nickel ore drying device for smelting production introduces an automatic disengagement mechanism consisting of a protective ring, gears, and toothed claws. This mechanism enables the device to instantly disconnect the power connection of a single counterweight in the event of accidental breakage or detachment, effectively preventing severe vibration of the entire machine caused by rotor mass imbalance. This protects core components such as the main shaft, bearings, and transmission system from impact damage, greatly improving the reliability and safety of the equipment operation.

[0015] 2. This laterite nickel ore drying device for smelting production can automatically isolate single-point faults, enabling the equipment maintenance mode to change from passive emergency repair to proactive planned maintenance. When a set of hammer chains and counterweights are damaged, it will not affect the continued operation of other sets. The administrator can replace them during production breaks, thereby significantly shortening unplanned downtime, improving equipment utilization and reducing maintenance costs.

[0016] 3. The drying device for laterite nickel ore used in smelting production has a special sealing and dustproof structure at key moving parts such as the protective ring. This effectively isolates the precision clutch mechanism from the high dust environment of laterite nickel ore, preventing gear jamming, tooth wear and malfunction caused by dust intrusion. It ensures the long-term response sensitivity and operational reliability of the automatic protection mechanism under harsh working conditions and extends the service life of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a plan view of the overall structure of this utility model; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the multi-set counterweight structure of this utility model; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the protective ring structure of this utility model; Figure 5 This utility model Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle.

[0018] In the diagram: 1. Support end frame; 11. Feed inlet; 12. Discharge outlet; 2. Drying cylinder; 21. Drive roller shaft; 3. Drive motor; 4. Main shaft; 41. Transmission gear; 42. Transmission slot; 5. Counterweight; 51. Hammer chain; 52. Limiting device; 53. Active toothed claw; 6. Protective ring; 61. Offset groove; 62. Passive toothed claw; 63. Protective gear. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and not all embodiments.

[0020] Please see Figure 1-2 This utility model provides a technical solution: it includes a support end frame 1, which is divided into front and rear groups. A drying cylinder 2 is movably installed between the two groups of support end frames 1 via rollers. A feed inlet 11 is opened at the top front end of the support end frame 1, and a feeding device and an induced draft fan are connected through the feed inlet 11. A discharge outlet 12 is opened at the bottom rear end of the support end frame 1. A drive roller shaft 21 is provided on the outer wall of the drying cylinder 2, and a drive motor 3 is driven through the drive roller shaft 21. The drive motor 3 provides the initial power and is responsible for driving the drying cylinder 2 to rotate. The drying cylinder 2 rotates relative to the support end frame 1 along its own central axis. The material inside the drying cylinder 2 rolls around the circumference and moves forward along the axial direction. A main shaft 4 is movably connected in the middle of the support end frame 1. The main shaft 4 passes through to the outside of the support end frame 1 and is located at the front end. A transmission gear 41 is fixedly installed at one end, which drives the power device. A pair of symmetrical hammer chains 51 are installed on both sides of the main shaft 4, and a counterweight 5 is fixedly connected to the hammer chains 51. The counterweight 5 rotates with the rotation of the main shaft 4. When the main shaft 4 rotates at high speed, the centrifugal force causes the counterweight 5 to open radially. When it encounters large pieces of material, the counterweight 5 impacts and crushes them. When it encounters unbreakable foreign objects such as metal blocks, hard stones, or instantaneous overload, the counterweight 5 can swing backward to make way, avoiding a huge impact on the transmission system connected to the main shaft 4 and the transmission gear 41, thus playing the role of overload protection. There are multiple sets of symmetrical counterweights 5 and hammer chains 51, and the hammer chains 51 gradually increase from front to back to form a stepped shape to improve the impact coverage and ensure that the material is hit evenly.

[0021] Please see Figure 3-4 A protective ring 6 is movably sleeved on the main shaft 4. The protective ring 6 has openings on both sides. A hammer chain 51 is sleeved on both sides of the protective ring 6 through these openings. A limiting device 52 is fixedly connected to one inner end of the hammer chain 51 to limit its movement within the openings on the sides of the protective ring 6, preventing it from excessively extending and disengaging from the openings. The openings of the protective ring 6 that fit onto the main shaft 4 are elliptical, allowing it to slide radially along the main shaft 4. An active toothed pawl 53 is fixedly connected to the inner side of the limiting device 52. Protective gears 63 mesh on both sides of the active toothed pawl 53. The shaft of gear 63 is fixed to the inner side of the protective ring 6. A passive pawl 62 is movably engaged on the outer side of the protective gear 63. The passive pawl 62 is movably engaged on the side wall of the protective ring 6, and a slide rail groove is fixedly connected to the side wall to restrict the radial movement of the passive pawl 62 along the protective ring 6. When the hammer chain 51 pulls outward relative to the protective ring 6, it drives the driving pawl 53 to move outward and engage the protective gear 63 to rotate. The rotation of the protective gear 63 drives the passive pawl 62 to move radially inward along the slide rail groove along the protective ring 6, forming a movement tendency where the driving pawl 53 pulls outward and drives the passive pawl 62 to move inward. Please see Figure 5The outer surface of the main shaft 4 inside the protective ring 6 has a transmission groove 42. The inwardly moving passive pawl 62 engages with the transmission groove 42. When the two ends of the symmetrical hammer chains 51 are normally connected to the hammers 5, the weight of the hammers 5 on both sides pulls their respective hammer chains 51 outward. Through the protective gear 63, the passive pawls 62 on both sides move inward and engage with the transmission groove 42, thus engaging and linking with the main shaft 4. Under the high-speed rotation of the main shaft 4, centrifugal force causes the hammers 5 on both sides to open radially, and the passive pawls 62 on both sides simultaneously push inward, maintaining the protective ring 6 and the main shaft 4 rotating coaxially. At this time, the hammers 5 work normally. However, when a single hammer 5 receives a huge impact or wear and falls off, the hammer chain 51 on that side, without the pull of a heavy hammer 5, retracts. The side passive pawl 62 disengages from the transmission slot 42, while the remaining weight 5 on the other side continues to pull the hammer chain 51 on that side, causing an imbalance in the pushing force of the passive pawls 62 on both sides of the transmission slot 42. At this time, the detached passive pawl 62 retracts, and the protective ring 6 slides along the offset groove 61 toward the undamaged weight 5, thereby causing the undamaged passive pawl 62 to also disengage from the transmission slot 42. At this time, the protective ring 6 does not rotate synchronously with the main shaft 4, thus avoiding the problem of the main shaft 4 rotor dynamic imbalance caused by the damage of a single weight 5, which would cause equipment vibration. Furthermore, the automatic disengagement of a single damaged set will not affect the normal operation of other sets of hammer chains 51 and weights 5. It is only necessary to remove and replace the weight 5 during subsequent shutdown maintenance.

[0022] Dustproof sealing structures are provided between the protective ring 6 and the main shaft 4, and at the movable gap between the protective ring 6 and the hammer chain 51. Among them, a rotary shaft lip seal or labyrinth seal is provided between the protective ring 6 and the main shaft 4. The movable gap of the offset groove 61 of the protective ring 6 is covered with a flexible dust cover, which adopts a combination of "labyrinth seal + lip seal". The labyrinth seal serves as the first line of defense, blocking most of the dust, while the lip seal serves as the second line of defense, achieving final sealing. This reduces the wear and jamming risk of the internal mechanism and ensures the long-term reliability of the protection function.

[0023] In summary, when the laterite nickel ore drying device for smelting production is in use, the drive system is started, and the main shaft 4 is driven to rotate at high speed through the transmission gear 41. When the main shaft 4 starts to rotate, the weight 5 located outside the protective ring 6 flies outward under the action of centrifugal force. This centrifugal force is converted into an outward pulling force on the hammer chain 51. When the hammer chain 51 is pulled, it passes through the offset groove 61 of the protective ring 6 and drives the active toothed pawl 53 fixed to its inner end to move. The movement of the active toothed pawl 53 drives the protective gear 63 that meshes with it to rotate. The rotation of the protective gear 63 then drives the passive toothed pawl 62 that meshes on the other side to move radially inward, so that the passive toothed pawl 62 is firmly locked into the transmission groove 42 opened on the surface of the main shaft 4. At this moment, power is transmitted from the main shaft 4 to the hammer 5 through the path of "transmission slot 42-passive toothed claw 62-protective ring 6-hammer chain 51". The entire dispersing device forms a rigid whole and rotates synchronously, effectively impacting and dispersing the laterite nickel ore entering from the feed port 11.

[0024] When one or more sets of single-sided weights 5 break due to abnormal impact or severe wear and fall off, the outward tension on the hammer chain 51 on that side disappears instantly or weakens significantly. Under the tension of the symmetrically arranged weights 5, the protective ring 6 will slide slightly radially along the main shaft 4 through its elliptical opening, losing balance. This sliding causes the passive pawl 62, which was originally locked in the transmission slot 42, to disengage, resulting in the protective ring 6 and the remaining weights 5 connected to it being disconnected from the high-speed rotating main shaft 4 and stopping rotation. This process is completed automatically and instantaneously, effectively avoiding dynamic imbalance caused by uneven mass distribution, thereby protecting the main shaft 4, transmission gear 41 and bearings and other core components from damage.

[0025] The dispersed material is repeatedly lifted and scattered within the rotating drying drum 2 by the lifting plates on the inner wall, forming a material curtain. It then comes into full contact with hot air to complete the drying process, and the dried material is finally discharged from the outlet 12. Throughout the entire operation, to prevent high-dust particles from laterite nickel ore from entering the precision protective ring 6, a lip seal or labyrinth seal on the rotating shaft between the protective ring 6 and the main shaft 4, along with a flexible dust cover covering the movement gap of the offset groove 61, play a crucial role in dust prevention and wear resistance, ensuring the long-term reliability of the automatic protection mechanism under harsh working conditions.

[0026] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A drying device for laterite nickel ore used in smelting production, comprising a main shaft (4) and a transmission gear (41) for driving the main shaft (4) to rotate, characterized in that: A protective ring (6) is fitted onto the main shaft (4); a passive toothed pawl (62) is provided on the inner side of the protective ring (6), and a transmission groove (42) adapted to the passive toothed pawl (62) is provided on the outer surface of the main shaft (4); offset grooves (61) are provided at both ends of the protective ring (6), and movable openings are provided on both sides. One end of the hammer chain (51) passes through the movable opening and is connected to a counterweight (5), and the other end is fixedly connected to an active toothed pawl (53); protective teeth are rotatably provided inside the protective ring (6). The wheel (63) and the protective gear (63) are respectively meshed with the active toothed claw (53) and the passive toothed claw (62); when the hammer (5) pulls the hammer chain (51) outward under the action of centrifugal force, the hammer chain (51) drives the active toothed claw (53) to move, and through the transmission of the protective gear (63), drives the passive toothed claw (62) to be inserted into the transmission slot (42) of the main shaft (4), so that the protective ring (6) and the hammer (5) rotate synchronously with the main shaft (4).

2. The drying device for laterite nickel ore used in smelting production according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting device (52) is fixedly provided on the hammer chain (51). The limiting device (52) is located inside the protective ring (6) and is used to limit the movement of the hammer chain (51) in the offset groove (61).

3. The drying device for laterite nickel ore used in smelting production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective ring (6) is fitted at both ends with an elliptical opening offset groove (61) on the main shaft (4), which allows the protective ring (6) to slide radially relative to the main shaft (4).

4. The drying device for laterite nickel ore used in smelting production according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission groove (42) is a strip-shaped groove extending axially along the main shaft (4).

5. A drying device for laterite nickel ore used in smelting production according to claim 1, characterized in that: Multiple sets of hammer chains (51) and counterweights (5) are arranged along the axial direction of the main shaft (4), and the length of the hammer chains (51) gradually increases from the feed end to the discharge end.

6. The drying device for laterite nickel ore used in smelting production according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a support end frame (1) and a dispersing device. The dispersing device is set at the feeding end of the support end frame (1) of the rotary dryer. The front end of the support end frame (1) has a feeding port (11) at the top and the rear end has a discharging port (12) at the bottom. The middle part of the support end frame (1) is movably installed with a drying cylinder (2) through a support roller. The outer wall of the drying cylinder (2) is provided with a drive roller shaft (21), and a drive motor (3) is connected to the drive roller shaft (21) through the drive roller shaft (21).

7. A drying device for laterite nickel ore used in smelting production according to claim 6, characterized in that: The protective ring (6) and the counterweight (5) are located inside the inlet (11) end shell of the drying cylinder (2).

8. A drying device for laterite nickel ore used in smelting production according to claim 1, characterized in that: Dustproof sealing structures are provided between the protective ring (6) and the main shaft (4) and at the movable gap between the protective ring (6) and the hammer chain (51); wherein, a rotating shaft lip seal or labyrinth seal is provided between the protective ring (6) and the main shaft (4); and a flexible dustproof cover is provided at the movable gap of the offset groove (61) of the protective ring (6).

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