Integrated busbar assembly, battery module, battery management system and energy storage system
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202522519484.7
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-11-27
- Publication Date
- 2026-11-03
- Estimated Expiration
- 2035-11-27
AI Technical Summary
In existing technologies, there is a problem where reverse connection of battery cells on the integrated busbar leads to damage to electrical components.
A reverse polarity protection circuit is integrated on the printed circuit board, and a rectifier bridge circuit is used to ensure that the battery cells can provide the correct polarity voltage to electrical components regardless of whether they are installed in the forward or reverse direction.
It effectively protects electrical components, prevents damage due to reverse voltage, and ensures the safe and reliable operation of the battery module.
Smart Images
Figure CN224934944U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This application relates to the field of battery management technology, specifically providing an integrated busbar assembly, battery module, battery management system, and energy storage system. Background Technology
[0002] With the transformation of the global energy structure and the rapid development of energy storage technology, electrochemical energy storage systems, especially lithium-ion battery modules, are increasingly widely used in fields such as power storage, new energy vehicles, and communication base stations. The safe, reliable, and long-life operation of battery modules is a core requirement for these applications. The integrated busbar (Cell Contact System, CCS), as a key component of the battery module, plays an indispensable role. On the one hand, it is responsible for the electrical connection between the cells; on the other hand, through its signal acquisition components, it monitors the voltage of each cell and the temperature of the module in real time, transmitting these key parameters to the Battery Management System (BMS), providing a data foundation for battery status assessment, safety warnings, and equalization management.
[0003] In existing technologies, printed circuit board assemblies (PCBAs) are generally used as the core of signal acquisition and are placed on the CCS. However, most of the core components on the PCBA are active electrical components that are extremely sensitive to the polarity of the power supply, such as chips integrated on the PCBA. When a battery cell is mounted in reverse on the CCS using the PCBA, the positive and negative terminals of the battery cell will be directly applied to the negative and positive power input terminals of the PCBA, causing these active electrical components to be subjected to reverse voltage and damaged.
[0004] Accordingly, there is a need in the field for a new solution that integrates busbar components, battery modules, battery management systems, and energy storage systems to address the aforementioned problems. Utility Model Content
[0005] In order to overcome the above-mentioned defects, this application is made to provide an integrated busbar assembly, battery module, battery management system and energy storage system that solve or at least partially solve the technical problem of damage to electrical components caused by reverse connection of battery cells on the integrated busbar in the prior art.
[0006] In a first aspect, this application provides an integrated busbar assembly, comprising: a structural component; a printed circuit board disposed on the structural component and electrically connected to a battery module, the printed circuit board being used to acquire voltage and / or temperature signals of the battery module; and a reverse connection protection circuit integrated on the printed circuit board; the reverse connection protection circuit being a rectifier bridge circuit, the two input terminals of the rectifier bridge circuit being respectively connected to the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the printed circuit board, and the two output terminals of the rectifier bridge circuit being respectively providing a positive power supply terminal and a negative power supply terminal to the load circuit on the printed circuit board.
[0007] In one technical solution of the aforementioned integrated busbar assembly, the rectifier bridge circuit consists of four diodes, including a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, and a fourth diode. The connection point between the cathode of the first diode and the anode of the second diode constitutes the first input terminal of the rectifier bridge circuit and is connected to the positive terminal of the printed circuit board. The connection point between the anode of the third diode and the cathode of the fourth diode constitutes the second input terminal of the rectifier bridge circuit and is connected to the negative terminal of the printed circuit board. The connection point between the cathodes of the first diode and the third diode constitutes the positive power supply terminal for powering the load circuit. The connection point between the anode of the second diode and the anode of the fourth diode constitutes the negative power supply terminal for powering the load circuit.
[0008] In one technical solution of the above-mentioned integrated busbar assembly, the load circuit includes an analog front-end chip and a passive balancing circuit. One power input terminal of the analog front-end chip is connected to the positive power supply terminal of the rectifier bridge circuit that supplies power to the load circuit; the other power input terminal of the analog front-end chip is connected to the negative power supply terminal of the rectifier bridge circuit that supplies power to the load circuit; the passive balancing circuit includes a balancing resistor and a switching transistor, the switching transistor being used to control the conduction and disconnection of the balancing circuit through the analog front-end chip.
[0009] In one technical solution of the above-mentioned integrated busbar assembly, the load circuit further includes a temperature acquisition circuit, which is electrically connected to the analog front-end chip.
[0010] In one technical solution of the above-mentioned integrated busbar assembly, at least two printed circuit boards are provided on the structural component, wherein the load circuit includes a daisy-chain communication interface, which is used for series communication with adjacent printed circuit boards.
[0011] In a second aspect, this application provides a battery module including a plurality of battery cells, wherein the battery cells are disposed on the integrated busbar assembly described in any of the above-mentioned integrated busbar assembly technical solutions, wherein each battery cell is electrically connected to the corresponding positive terminal and negative terminal of the printed circuit board.
[0012] In one technical solution of the above-mentioned battery module, the temperature sensor in the temperature acquisition circuit is disposed on the terminal post of the battery cell at the beginning and / or end of the battery module.
[0013] In a third aspect, this application provides a battery management system, characterized in that it includes multiple integrated busbar components as described in any of the above-mentioned integrated busbar components, and each of the integrated busbar components is electrically connected to at least one battery cell, wherein the integrated busbar components are connected in series in sequence through their respective daisy-chain communication interfaces to form a daisy-chain communication network.
[0014] In one technical solution of the above-mentioned battery management system, the reverse connection protection circuit on the integrated busbar is configured such that when the battery cell is mounted in the forward or reverse direction relative to the printed circuit board, the load circuit can obtain the correct polarity operating voltage through the reverse connection protection circuit.
[0015] In a fourth aspect, this application provides an energy storage system, including the battery management system described in any of the above-described battery management system technical solutions.
[0016] The above-described technical solutions of this application have at least one or more of the following beneficial effects:
[0017] In the technical solution of this application, the integrated busbar assembly includes a structural component, a printed circuit board mounted on the structural component and electrically connected to the battery module, the printed circuit board being used to collect voltage and / or temperature signals from the battery module, and a reverse connection protection circuit integrated on the printed circuit board. The reverse connection protection circuit is a rectifier bridge circuit, with its two input terminals connected to the positive and negative terminals of the printed circuit board, respectively, and its two output terminals providing positive and negative power supplies to the load circuit on the printed circuit board. By integrating the reverse connection protection circuit onto the printed circuit board, this application ensures that the battery cell can provide the correct polarity voltage to electrical components regardless of whether it is connected in the correct orientation or reverse orientation. Attached Figure Description
[0018] The disclosure of this application will become more readily understood with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that these drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Furthermore, similar numbers in the drawings are used to denote similar components, wherein:
[0019] Figure 1This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an integrated busbar assembly according to an embodiment of this application;
[0020] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an integrated circuit on a printed circuit board according to an embodiment of this application;
[0021] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an integrated circuit on a printed circuit board according to an embodiment of this application;
[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an integrated circuit on a printed circuit board according to an embodiment of this application;
[0023] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an integrated circuit on a printed circuit board according to an embodiment of this application;
[0024] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an integrated circuit on a printed circuit board according to an embodiment of this application;
[0025] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the integrated busbar component in one application scenario of this application;
[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the current flow when the battery cell is correctly connected in one application scenario of this application;
[0027] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the current flow when a battery cell is incorrectly connected in one application scenario of this application.
[0028] List of reference numerals in the attached diagram:
[0029] 1-Structural component; 11-Insulating component; 12-Aluminum bar; 2-Printed circuit board; 21-Printed circuit board positive terminal; 22-Printed circuit board negative terminal; 3-Reverse connection protection circuit; 4-Load circuit; 31-First diode; 32-Second diode; 33-Third diode; 34-Fourth diode; 41-Analog front-end chip; 42-Passive balancing circuit; 4'-Load circuit; 43-Temperature acquisition circuit; 44-Daisy-chain communication interface. Detailed Implementation
[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only for explaining the present utility model and are not intended to limit the present utility model; that is, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present utility model, not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present utility model described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations. Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present utility model provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed utility model, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present utility model. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present utility model.
[0031] It should be noted that in the description of this application, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element. The term "A and / or B" represents all possible combinations of A and B, such as only A, only B, or A and B. The terms "at least one A or B" or "at least one of A and B" have a similar meaning to "A and / or B" and can include only A, only B, or A and B. The singular forms of the terms "a" and "this" may also include plural forms.
[0032] See Figure 1 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an integrated busbar assembly according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 1 As shown, the integrated busbar assembly of this application includes: a structural component 1 and a printed circuit board 2 disposed on the structural component 1 for electrical connection with the battery module. The printed circuit board 2 can also be used to acquire the voltage and / or temperature signals of the connected battery module.
[0033] See also Figure 2 , Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an integrated circuit on a printed circuit board according to an embodiment of this application, as shown below. Figure 2As shown, the printed circuit board 2 integrates a reverse connection protection circuit 3, which is a rectifier bridge circuit. The two input terminals of the rectifier bridge circuit are connected to the positive terminal 21 and the negative terminal 22 of the printed circuit board, respectively. The two output terminals of the rectifier bridge circuit provide positive and negative power supplies to the load circuit 4 on the printed circuit board, respectively. The reverse connection protection circuit 3, integrated on the printed circuit board 2, ensures that the battery cell can provide the correct polarity voltage to the electrical components regardless of whether it is connected in the correct or reverse direction.
[0034] In this embodiment, structural component 1 serves as the carrier for the printed circuit board 2, generally used for fixing the printed circuit board 2 and for insulation. It typically includes, but is not limited to, insulating component 11 and aluminum foil 12. The insulating component 11 can be made of plastic, but this embodiment does not impose any limitations on its material. The printed circuit board 2 can be a PCB board without electronic components installed, or a PCBA board with electronic components such as resistors, capacitors, and chips installed; this embodiment does not impose any limitations on its material.
[0035] See Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an integrated circuit on a printed circuit board according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 3 As shown, the reverse connection protection circuit 3 of this application, i.e., the rectifier bridge circuit, consists of four diodes, including a first diode 31, a second diode 32, a third diode 33, and a fourth diode 34. The connection point of the cathode of the first diode 31 and the anode of the second diode 32 constitutes the first input terminal of the rectifier bridge circuit i.e., the reverse connection protection circuit 3 and is connected to the positive terminal 21 of the printed circuit board 2. The connection point of the anode of the third diode 33 and the cathode of the fourth diode 34 constitutes the second input terminal of the rectifier bridge circuit 3 and is connected to the negative terminal 22 of the printed circuit board 2. The connection point of the cathode of the first diode 31 and the cathode of the third diode 33 constitutes the positive power supply terminal for powering the load circuit 4. The connection point of the anode of the second diode 32 and the anode of the fourth diode 34 constitutes the negative power supply terminal for powering the load circuit 4.
[0036] In this embodiment: combined Figure 8 The diagram shows the current flow when the battery cell is correctly connected. When the battery cell is correctly connected, the first diode 31 and the third diode 33 are in the off state due to reverse voltage, while the second diode 32 and the fourth diode 34 are conducting without reverse voltage. At this time, the reverse connection protection circuit 3 can provide the load circuit with a voltage of the correct polarity. Combined with... Figure 9The diagram shows the current flow when the battery cell is incorrectly connected. When the battery cell is incorrectly connected (i.e., reversed), the second diode 32 and the fourth diode 34 are in the off state due to the reverse voltage, while the first diode 31 and the third diode 33 are not under reverse voltage and are conducting. At this time, the reverse connection protection circuit 3 can provide the load circuit with the correct polarity voltage.
[0037] See Figure 4 , Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an integrated circuit on a printed circuit board according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 4 As shown, the load circuit 4 of this application may include an analog front-end chip 41 and a passive balancing circuit 42. One power input terminal of the analog front-end chip 41 is connected to the positive power supply terminal of the rectifier bridge circuit 3 that supplies power to the load circuit 4; the other power input terminal of the analog front-end chip 41 is connected to the negative power supply terminal of the rectifier bridge circuit 3 that supplies power to the load circuit 4. The passive balancing circuit 42 includes a balancing resistor and a switching transistor, which is used to control the conduction and disconnection of the balancing circuit 42 through the analog front-end chip 41. In this embodiment, the front-end analog chip 41 can control whether the passive balancing circuit 42 is connected to the circuit to balance the voltage of the battery cells. When the front-end analog chip 41 determines that there is an inconsistency among the battery cells, it connects the passive balancing circuit to achieve voltage balancing of the battery cells, thereby improving the performance and lifespan of the battery cells.
[0038] See appendix Figure 5 , Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an integrated circuit on a printed circuit board according to an embodiment of this application. The load circuit 4 of this application may further include a temperature acquisition circuit 43 electrically connected to the analog front-end chip 41. In this embodiment, the temperature acquisition sensor portion of the temperature acquisition circuit 43 can be positioned at a location that can accurately and timely reflect the cell temperature. For example, the temperature acquisition sensor can be positioned at the beginning and end of the integrated busbar assembly to monitor the temperature of the cell at critical locations, preventing safety hazards caused by overheating, thereby better managing the thermal state of the cell and improving overall safety.
[0039] See Figure 6 , Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an integrated circuit on a printed circuit board according to an embodiment of this application. Figure 6 As shown, the load circuit 4 of this application may further include a daisy-chain communication interface 44. At least two printed circuit boards 2 are provided on the structure of the integrated busbar assembly of this application, and the daisy-chain communication interface 44 is used for series communication with adjacent printed circuit boards 2. Connecting the printed circuit boards in a daisy-chain manner improves the system's scalability and flexibility, ensures efficient and real-time data transmission, and thus meets the needs of a multi-cell management system.
[0040] See Figure 7 , Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of an integrated busbar assembly in one application scenario of this application. In this application scenario, the printed circuit board 2 is a PCBA board, which is fixedly mounted on the aluminum busbar 11 of the structural component 1. The PCBA board integrates a reverse connection protection circuit 3 and a load circuit 4. The load circuit 4 includes an analog front-end chip 41, i.e., an AFE chip, a passive balancing circuit 42, a terminal temperature acquisition circuit, i.e., a temperature acquisition circuit 43, and a daisy-chain communication interface 44. Specifically, the temperature sensor, i.e., the NTC acquisition terminal, of the terminal temperature acquisition circuit 43 is located at the beginning and end of the integrated busbar assembly to specifically monitor the terminal temperature of the cells at the beginning and end. The daisy-chain communication interface 44 includes a connector, a transformer, and a communication line. In this application scenario: when the battery cell is correctly connected, the first diode D1 and the third diode D3 are in the off state due to reverse voltage, while the second diode D2 and the fourth diode D4 are not under reverse voltage and are conducting. At this time, the reverse connection protection circuit 3 can provide the load circuit with the correct polarity voltage. When the battery cell is incorrectly connected, i.e., reverse connected, the second diode D2 and the fourth diode D4 are in the off state due to reverse voltage, while the first diode D1 and the third diode D3 are not under reverse voltage and are conducting. At this time, the reverse connection protection circuit 3 can provide the load circuit with the correct polarity voltage.
[0041] This application also provides a battery module comprising multiple battery cells, each battery cell being disposed on the integrated busbar assembly described in any of the above embodiments, wherein each battery cell is electrically connected to the positive terminal 21 and the negative terminal 22 of the corresponding printed circuit board 2. Further, a temperature sensor in the temperature acquisition circuit 41 integrated on the printed circuit board 2 is disposed on the terminal post of the battery cell at the beginning and / or end of the battery module.
[0042] This application also provides a battery management system, which includes multiple integrated busbar assemblies as described in any of the above embodiments, and each integrated busbar assembly is electrically connected to at least one battery cell. The integrated busbar assemblies are connected in series via their respective daisy-chain communication interfaces 44 to form a daisy-chain communication network. Furthermore, the reverse connection protection circuit 3 on the integrated busbar is configured to ensure that the load circuit 4 receives a working voltage of the correct polarity when the battery cell is mounted in the forward or reverse orientation relative to the printed circuit board 2.
[0043] This application also provides an energy storage system, which includes at least the battery management system provided in the above embodiments. In addition, the energy storage system may also include an energy conversion system, a thermal management system, etc., which are not limited here.
[0044] The technical solutions of this application have been described above with reference to the preferred embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. However, it will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of this application is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of this application, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the scope of protection of this application.
Claims
1. An integrated busbar assembly, characterized in that, include: Structural components; A printed circuit board is disposed on the structural component and electrically connected to the battery module. The printed circuit board is used to collect the voltage and / or temperature signals of the battery module. Reverse polarity protection circuitry is integrated on the printed circuit board. The reverse connection protection circuit is a rectifier bridge circuit. The two input terminals of the rectifier bridge circuit are respectively connected to the positive and negative connection points of the printed circuit board. The two output terminals of the rectifier bridge circuit provide positive and negative power supply terminals for the load circuit on the printed circuit board, respectively.
2. The integrated busbar assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rectifier bridge circuit consists of four diodes, including a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, and a fourth diode. The connection point between the cathode of the first diode and the anode of the second diode constitutes the first input terminal of the rectifier bridge circuit and is connected to the positive terminal of the printed circuit board. The connection point of the anode of the third diode and the cathode of the fourth diode constitutes the second input terminal of the rectifier bridge circuit and is connected to the negative terminal of the printed circuit board. The connection point between the cathode of the first diode and the cathode of the third diode constitutes the positive power supply terminal for supplying power to the load circuit. The connection point between the anode of the second diode and the anode of the fourth diode constitutes the negative power supply terminal for supplying power to the load circuit.
3. The integrated busbar assembly according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The load circuit includes an analog front-end chip and a passive balancing circuit, wherein... One of the power input terminals of the analog front-end chip is connected to the positive power supply terminal on the rectifier bridge circuit that supplies power to the load circuit. The other power input terminal of the analog front-end chip is connected to the negative power supply terminal on the rectifier bridge circuit that supplies power to the load circuit; The passive equalization circuit includes an equalization resistor and a switching transistor, which is used to control the equalization circuit to turn on and off via the analog front-end chip.
4. The integrated busbar assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that, The load circuit also includes a temperature acquisition circuit, which is electrically connected to the analog front-end chip.
5. The integrated busbar assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that, The structural component is provided with at least two printed circuit boards, wherein the load circuit includes a daisy-chain communication interface, which is used for serial communication with adjacent printed circuit boards.
6. A battery module, characterized in that, It includes a plurality of battery cells, said battery cells being disposed on an integrated busbar assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein, Each cell is electrically connected to the corresponding positive and negative terminals of the printed circuit board.
7. The battery module according to claim 6, characterized in that, The temperature sensor in the temperature acquisition circuit is located on the terminal post of the battery cell at the beginning and / or end of the battery module.
8. A battery management system, characterized in that, It includes multiple integrated busbar assemblies according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and each of the integrated busbar assemblies is electrically connected to at least one battery cell, wherein, The integrated busbar components are connected in series via their respective daisy-chain communication interfaces to form a daisy-chain communication network.
9. The battery management system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The reverse connection protection circuit on the integrated busbar is configured such that when the battery cell is mounted in the forward or reverse direction relative to the printed circuit board, the load circuit can obtain the correct polarity operating voltage.
10. An energy storage system, characterized in that, Includes the battery management system according to claim 8 or 9.