Locking device for a door

Abstract

Locking device for securing a fire door (3) or smoke control door, with a fire detector (5) and / or a smoke detector to trigger a fire alarm or smoke alarm in the event of a fire and / or the presence of smoke, with a housing designed as a lock counter case (16), with a bolt receiving space (11) into which a bolt (21) of a lock (2) engages to lock a leaf (31) of a fire door (3) or a smoke control door, and with a bolt ejector (12) which is driven by a drive device (13) to move between a first position and a second position, wherein in the first position the bolt ejector (12) enables a bolt (21) of a lock (2) to engage in the bolt receiving space (11) and in the second position the bolt ejector (12) prevents the bolt (21) of a lock (2) from engaging in the bolt receiving space (11), and wherein the bolt ejector (12) displaces a bolt (21) of a lock (2) from the bolt receiving space (11) during the movement from the first position to the second position, and wherein the drive device (13) comprises an externally powered actuator (131, 131l) and an energy storage device (132, 132z), wherein the drive device (13) is connected to the fire detector (5) and / or the smoke detector and is designed such that, when a fire alarm and / or smoke alarm is triggered, the drive device (13) moves the bolt ejector (12) to the first position by discharging the energy storage device, and wherein the locking device (1) comprises or is connected to a control device which is connected to and controls the bolt ejector (12) or the drive device (13) of the bolt ejector, wherein the control device has one or more inputs to which a fire detector (5) and / or smoke detector is connected.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a locking device for a door.

[0002] Locking devices for a door and / or a window are known, for example, from EP 2 037 063 B1. These devices are designed with a bolt ejector for a bolt of a door lock, which can be moved between a first position and a second position by a drive device operable with auxiliary energy. The bolt engages in a bolt receptacle in the first position and is retracted from the bolt receptacle in the second position, or vice versa.

[0003] DE 20 2009 015 385 U1 also describes such a locking device, which has a simple drive design. A motor drives the bolt ejector in one direction to actuate a bolt. The motor preloads a torsion spring, which then immediately returns the bolt ejector after the motor is switched off.

[0004] Longer-term unlocking or deliberately keeping the door open is not possible with the device described.

[0005] In the event of a power failure, such locking devices often have the problem that secure locking or unlocking cannot always be guaranteed.

[0006] The object of the present invention is to create a locking device that is universally applicable and offers a high degree of operational reliability. In particular, the locking device should enable secure locking and / or unlocking of the door even in the event of a power failure.

[0007] From DE 10 2010 061 385 A1 a holding device for a double-leaf door is known, whereby the door leaves are fixed in the open position to a wall via holding magnets and in the event of a fire the fixation is released via a fire detector.

[0008] DE 92 11 077 U1 discloses a drive rod for passive sashes that can be manually operated via a lock nut.

[0009] From EP 2 037 063 B1 a locking device for a door is known which is designed with a bolt ejector for a bolt of a door lock which can be moved by a drive device which can be operated with auxiliary energy.

[0010] According to the invention, this object is achieved with a locking device according to the features of claim 1, as well as with a locking device according to the features of claim 2.

[0011] According to the invention, a locking device for securing a fire door or smoke protection door is proposed, which has a fire detector or smoke detector and a bolt ejector driven by a drive device, wherein the drive device has an external energy-operated, preferably electrically operated, actuator and an energy storage device, preferably a spring-loaded device, wherein the drive device is connected to the fire detector and / or the smoke detector and is designed such that, upon triggering a fire alarm and / or smoke alarm, the drive device moves the bolt ejector into the first position while discharging the energy storage device, and wherein the locking device comprises a control device or is connected to a control device which is connected to the bolt ejector or the drive device of the bolt ejector and controls it, wherein the control device has one or more inputs,to which a fire detector and / or smoke detector is connected, so that the bolt ejector allows a bolt of a lock to engage the bolt receiving space. This ensures secure locking of the door in the event of a fire, even if the external power supply fails or there is a power outage.

[0012] Furthermore, the invention proposes a locking device for securing an escape door in an escape route or rescue route of a building, which locking device has an emergency button and / or an RWS terminal for triggering a panic alarm and / or unlocking the leaf of the escape door and a bolt ejector driven by a drive device, wherein the drive device has an external energy-operated, preferably electrically operated, actuator and an energy store, preferably a spring store, wherein the drive device is connected to the emergency button and / or the RWS terminal and is designed such that when the emergency button is actuated and / or a panic alarm is triggered, the drive device moves the bolt ejector into the second position while discharging the energy store in order to eject a bolt of a lock from the bolt receiving space and thus unlock the door.This allows the door to be unlocked safely in the event of an emergency or panic, even if the external power fails or there is a power outage.

[0013] The energy storage device can be designed as a potential energy storage device. The potential energy storage device comprises a moving mass that is raised in the Earth's gravitational field to store energy and releases energy when lowered.

[0014] In one embodiment, the energy storage device can be designed as a spring-loaded device. Furthermore, a switchable holding element can be provided for holding and / or fixing the spring-loaded device in its charged position. Preferably, the switchable holding element is designed or arranged such that it releases the spring-loaded device when de-energized. The energy storage device or spring-loaded device has an output drive that drives the bolt ejector.

[0015] In a fire-protection-compatible design, the spring mechanism or the output of the spring mechanism can be designed or arranged in such a way that it drives or acts upon the bolt ejector so that it moves to its first position. This meets fire protection requirements by ensuring that the door can be locked with a deadbolt.

[0016] In particular, a smoke detector or fire alarm can be arranged in the power supply line of the holding element and designed so that in the event of an alarm it interrupts the power supply line or the power supply of the holding element in order to release the energy storage or spring storage.

[0017] Furthermore, in a design suitable for securing escape routes, the spring mechanism or the output of the spring mechanism can be designed or arranged in such a way that it drives or acts upon the bolt ejector so that it moves to its second position. This enables safe opening of the door by ensuring that the door is unlocked and cannot be locked with a deadbolt.

[0018] In particular, an emergency button or an electromechanical emergency switch can be arranged in the power supply line of the holding element and designed such that, in the event of an alarm or when actuated, it interrupts the power supply line or the power supply of the holding element in order to release the energy storage device or spring storage device.

[0019] The locking device is particularly suitable for use with panic doors and / or fire doors. Preferably, the locking device automatically unlocks or locks a door leaf in the event of an interruption or failure of the auxiliary power supply.

[0020] The door leaf can, for example, be designed as a pivoting leaf, in particular as a stop-turn leaf.

[0021] The actuator is in particular an aggregate that can be operated with auxiliary energy, for example with electrical energy, for example an electric motor or an electromagnet, preferably a lifting magnet, or a piezo drive.

[0022] The switchable holding element can be a mechanically, electronically or electromechanically switchable holding element, for example a switchable locking device or an electromagnet.

[0023] For fire protection purposes, it can preferably be provided that the actuator and / or an output of the actuator is connected to the spring-loaded mechanism in such a way that it charges the spring-loaded mechanism when the bolt ejector moves from the first position to the second position. This provides a charged spring-loaded mechanism that can safely move the bolt ejector to the first position in the event of a fire alarm or fire, thus enabling the bolt to engage the bolt receiving space and thus locking the door.

[0024] Furthermore, it can be provided that the switchable retaining element holds and / or fixes the spring-loaded mechanism in the second position of the bolt ejector. In the second position, the bolt ejector prevents the bolt from engaging the bolt receiving space, thus allowing the door to be opened.

[0025] In a further advantageous embodiment, it can be provided that the spring accumulator is connected to the actuator in such a way that it supports the actuator when moving the bolt ejector from the second position to the first position and is at least partially discharged in the process.

[0026] Furthermore, it can be provided that the switchable holding element holds and / or fixes the spring-loaded mechanism in its charged position, while only the actuator moves the bolt ejector from the second position to the first position. This reduces the force required by the actuator during normal operation.

[0027] It can also be provided that only the spring mechanism or an output of the spring mechanism moves the bolt ejector from the second position to the first position after the switchable retaining element is released. This enables secure locking of the leaf, especially in the event of a fire, as the lock bolt can securely engage in the bolt receiving space.

[0028] In an advantageous embodiment for panic and / or escape doors, the actuator and / or an output of the actuator can be connected to the spring-loaded mechanism in such a way that it charges the spring-loaded mechanism when the bolt ejector moves from the second position to the first position. This provides a charged spring-loaded mechanism that can safely move the bolt ejector to the second position in the event of a panic.

[0029] The switchable holding element can, for example, hold and / or fix the spring mechanism in a loaded position in the first position of the bolt ejector. In the first position, the bolt ejector allows the bolt to engage in the bolt receiving space, thus enabling the door to be locked.

[0030] Preferably, the spring accumulator is connected to the actuator in such a way that it supports the actuator when moving the bolt ejector from the first position to the second position and is at least partially discharged in the process.

[0031] It can further be provided that the retaining element holds and / or fixes the spring-loaded mechanism in the loaded position, while only the actuator moves the bolt ejector from the first position to the second position. This reduces the force required by the actuator during normal operation.

[0032] It can also be provided that, after the retaining element is released, only the spring mechanism or an output of the spring mechanism moves the bolt ejector from the first position to the second position. In this design, the actuator is not involved in moving the bolt ejector from the first position to the second position and thus does not interfere with the drive by the spring mechanism.

[0033] It can be provided that the drive device is connected to the bolt ejector via a self-locking gear, in particular that the actuator and / or the spring-loaded mechanism is / are connected to the bolt ejector via a self-locking gear. This provides increased burglary protection by preventing the bolt ejector from being easily overridden.

[0034] It can further be provided that the actuator is designed as an electric lifting magnet.

[0035] In an alternative embodiment, it can be provided that the actuator is designed as an electric motor, in particular as an electric motor with rotary output.

[0036] The locking device with electric motor can be designed such that the electric motor with rotary output rotates a spindle with an external thread on which a spindle nut cooperating with the bolt ejector is guided in a linearly displaceable manner.

[0037] In one embodiment, the spring accumulator can have a spring designed as a torsion spring, which is connected to the rotary output of the motor or spindle on the one hand and to a stop fixed to the housing on the other hand.

[0038] The switchable holding element can be designed to block and / or release rotation of the spindle. This prevents the spring-loaded mechanism from discharging.

[0039] The switchable holding element can be designed as an electric magnet or as an energizable coil, in particular a holding magnet.

[0040] In one embodiment, a spindle nut can be guided on the spindle output of the motor, and the spindle nut can have two parts that are linearly guided on the spindle and can be selectively separated and / or connected to one another. One part of the spindle nut is designed as an electrical holding magnet, and the other part of the spindle nut is designed as a counterplate that interacts with the electrically switchable holding magnet. The counterplate can be connected to the bolt ejector directly or via a gear. When the holding magnet is switched on, the counterplate and thus the bolt ejector are driven via the spindle output.

[0041] When the holding magnet is switched off, the counter plate is separated from the spindle drive; preferably, when the holding element is switched off, the counter plate is movable in the axial direction of the spindle independently of the first part of the spindle nut.

[0042] In one embodiment, a spring of the spring-loaded mechanism can be designed as a tension or compression spring and arranged between a housing-fixed stop and the counterplate. This allows the spring to move the counterplate and thus the bolt ejector when the holding magnet is deactivated.

[0043] In one embodiment, it can be provided that a spring of the spring accumulator is designed as a compression spring and is arranged between the first part of the spindle nut, in particular the electrically switchable holding magnet, and the second part of the spindle nut, in particular the counter plate.

[0044] Furthermore, it can be provided that the threaded spindle has a receiving space in its interior which is at least partially enclosed by an outer wall of the threaded spindle and the spring is arranged in this receiving space.

[0045] The threaded spindle may have one or more recesses in its outer wall in the region of the receiving space, through which a part of the counterplate and / or a part of the electromagnet extends to interact with the spring, or through which a connection of the spring extends to interact with the counterplate and / or the electromagnet.

[0046] In an advantageous embodiment, it can be provided that the locking device comprises a control device or is connected to a control device which is connected to and controls the bolt ejector or the drive device of the bolt ejector. The control device can have one or more inputs for connecting a sensor, for example a locking position sensor and / or a fire alarm control panel. Furthermore, the control device can have one or more inputs for connecting an emergency button and / or an RWS terminal or escape route terminal and / or a building control center. In the event of an alarm, the control center controls the holding element of the spring-loaded device and / or the drive device of the bolt ejector accordingly in order to move the bolt ejector into its first position or into its second position.

[0047] Furthermore, the control device can have an authorization device or be connected to an authorization device. The authorization device is designed to input and / or verify an authorization code. An access control system and / or a key switch and / or an RFID reader can serve as the authorization device. The control device can be designed to control a temporary or permanent activation and / or unlocking of the door when a correct or verified authorization code is present.

[0048] Furthermore, the control device can be designed in such a way that it enables a daytime switching operation by moving the bolt ejector into its second position for the duration of the daytime switching operation and thereby unlocking the door.

[0049] The invention will now be explained in more detail using exemplary embodiments. Fig. 1 to 4 show a first embodiment of the locking device according to the invention; Fig. 5 to 8 show a second embodiment of the locking device according to the invention; Fig. 9 to 12 show a third embodiment of the locking device according to the invention; Fig. 13 and 14 The locking device according to the invention, mounted on a door.

[0050] The Fig. 1 shows a locking device 1, comprising a bolt receiving space 11 arranged in a housing 16 of a strike box for a bolt 21 of a door lock 2 mounted in a door 3, a bolt ejector 12, a drive device 13 formed from an electric motor 131 and a compression spring 132 and a holding element 14 formed from a coil 141 and a magnetic counter-plate 142. The coil 141 has a coil extension 141v at its end section facing away from the magnetic counter-plate 142.

[0051] The housing 16 of the strike box can be mounted in a door frame or in a passive leaf of a door, either overlying or retracting. It interacts with a door lock 2 mounted in a pivoting or active leaf, which can be designed as a lock resting on the door leaf or a mortise lock. To achieve secure locking, a self-locking door lock 2 is used. This means that the lock bolt 21 is automatically released when the door leaf is in the closed position. The lock bolt 21 can be motor-driven or spring-loaded.

[0052] The locking device 1 has a strike plate 15 in the area of ​​the strike box, which is rigidly connected to a housing 16.

[0053] The locking device 1 is arranged in a door frame 4 such that the bolt 21 of the door lock 2 and the bolt receiving space 11 of the locking device 1 are aligned with each other and the striking plate 15 is flush with the side edge of the door frame 4.

[0054] The bolt ejector 12 is arranged in the bolt receiving space 11 and is designed as a single-armed lever with a bearing pin 121, the rotational axis 122 of which is aligned with the longitudinal axis of the bearing pin 121. The bearing pin 121 slides in a first slotted guide 171 of a slotted guide 17, which is displaceable parallel to the longitudinal extent of the striking plate 15. The bolt ejector 12 has a slotted guide 123, in which a guide pin 125, loaded by a U-shaped spring 124, slides. The slotted guide 123 is arranged at a distance from the bearing pin 121 and is aligned tangentially to the pivot arc of the bolt ejector 12. The guide pin 125 engages in a second slotted guide 172 of the slotted guide 17. Both the first link 171 and the second link 172 are Z-shaped, with the end sections being arranged parallel to the displacement path of the link slide 17 and being connected by an obliquely running central section.In the following, the two end sections of the links 171 and 172 facing away from the striking plate 15 are referred to as first end sections and the two end sections of the links 171 and 172 facing the striking plate 15 are referred to as second end sections.

[0055] If the sliding gate valve 17, as in Fig. 2, is displaced in the direction indicated by an arrow by activating the electric motor 131 described in more detail below, the bearing pin 121 of the bolt ejector 12 slides from the first end section of the first link 171 into the second end section of the first link 171, and the guide pin 125 slides from the first end section of the second link 172 into the second end section of the second link 172, wherein the bolt ejector 12 is pivoted about the axis of rotation 122 such that its end section emerges from the bolt receiving space 11. The bolt ejector 12 thus drives the bolt 21 of the door lock 2 out of the bolt receiving space 11, so that the door 3 can be opened.

[0056] The sliding block 17 is rigidly connected to a driver 173, which interacts with the output of an actuator or the electric motor 131. The output has a spindle gear or helical gear 133. The helical gear 133 has a tubular spindle 133s with an external thread, which is torsionally rigidly connected to the output shaft of the actuator or the electric motor 131. A coil unit consisting of a coil 141 with a coil extension 141v is mounted on the spindle 133s. The coil unit 141, 141v is designed as a spindle nut. It is mounted via a nose in a longitudinal groove of the housing 16 of the lock strike case, non-rotatable and longitudinally displaceable. The coil unit 141, 141v has an internal thread and is moved along the spindle 133s when the spindle rotates.

[0057] A magnetic counterplate 142 is mounted longitudinally displaceably on the spindle 133s and connected to the driver 173. The compression spring 132, designed as a helical compression spring, is arranged in the shaft of the spindle 133s. The compression spring 132 forms a spring accumulator 132, which is held in its charged position by a switchable holding element 14. The switchable holding element 14 has an energizable coil 141 acting as an electromagnet, which interacts with the magnetizable counterplate 142. The compression spring 132 is supported between the magnetic counterplate 142 and the coil extension 141v. When the compression spring 132 is tensioned, the magnetic counterplate 142 rests against the coil 141. By energizing the coil 141, the counterplate 142 is held, and the compression spring 132 remains in its tensioned position. As long as the holding element 14 orthe coil 141 is energized, the magnetic counter plate 142 is moved together with the coil unit 141, 141v and the spring accumulator remains charged.

[0058] When the coil 141 is energized and the electric motor 131 is energized in a first direction, the spindle 133s is rotated in a first direction. The link 123 connected to the magnetic counter-plate 142 is moved toward the electric motor 131 and the bolt ejector 12 is extended, as shown in Fig. 2 shown. Fig. Figure 2 shows the second position of the bolt ejector, in which the engagement of a lock bolt into the bolt receiving space is prevented. As soon as the bolt ejector 12 is fully extended, the electric motor 131 is switched off, whereby Fig. 1 to 4 sensors (not shown) connected to a motor control (not shown) trigger the shutdown of the electric motor 131.

[0059] To move the bolt ejector back to the first position, which is in Fig. 1, the electric motor 131 is operated in the opposite direction of rotation when the coil 141 is energized.

[0060] Fig. Figure 3 shows the operating state with the holding element 14 de-energized. The coil 141 of the holding element 14 is de-energized, so that the counter plate 142 is released and is moved away from the coil by the relaxing compression spring 132. In this case, the sliding block 17 is moved into the position shown in Fig. 1, i.e., the first position in which the bolt ejector 12 is retracted into the bolt receiving space 11. This allows the lock bolt to engage the bolt receiving space 11, and the door or door leaf can be locked. This function is advantageous for fire protection, as it allows the door to be locked even in the event of a power failure.

[0061] To restore the Fig. 1, the coil 141 is energized again and the electric motor 131 is energized in a second direction of rotation opposite to the first direction of rotation, so that the coil 141 is moved towards the magnetic counter-plate 142. In this case, the compression spring 132 is tensioned again ( Fig. 4). In the end position, i.e., when the compression spring 132 or the spring accumulator 13 is charged, the magnetic counterplate 142 is reconnected to the coil 141 by magnetic force, thus holding or fixing the spring accumulator 13 in its charged position.

[0062] The Fig. The second embodiment shown in Figures 5 to 8 differs from the embodiment described above essentially in that the compression spring 132 is arranged between the sliding block 17 and a shoulder of the threaded screw 133s designed as a motor spindle.

[0063] When the sliding block 17 is moved back by energizing the electric motor 131 in the first direction of rotation, the compression spring 132 is tensioned when the coil 141 is energized and the bolt ejector 12 is pivoted out of the bolt receiving space 11, as shown in Fig. 6 shown.

[0064] When the coil 141 is de-energized, the magnetic counter-plate 142 is released from the coil 141, and the compression spring 132 pushes the sliding gate 17 back into its initial position, in which the bolt ejector 12 rests again in the bolt receiving space 11 ( Fig. 7).

[0065] To restore the Fig. 5, the coil 141 is energized again and the electric motor 131 is energized in the second direction of rotation, so that the coil 141 is moved toward the magnetic counter-plate 142 and is fixed on the magnetic counter-plate 142. The compression spring 132 is still relaxed ( Fig. 8).

[0066] The Fig. 9 to 12 show a third embodiment of the locking device 1. Instead of the electric motor 131 formed with a rotating output, a drive with a linear output 131a is provided, for example an electric linear motor or an electric pull magnet. Fig. In the embodiment illustrated in Figures 9 to 12, an electric linear motor 1311 is provided, the rotor of which, forming the output 131a, is designed as a permanent magnet or has at least one or more permanent magnets. The output 131a of the linear motor 131l is rigidly connected to the coil 141. Instead of a compression spring, a tension spring 132z is provided as the energy storage device, which is suspended on pins on the housing 16 and on the magnet counterplate 142.

[0067] Fig. 9 shows the first position of the bolt ejector 12, in which the lock bolt 21 can engage in the bolt receiving space.

[0068] Fig. 10 shows the second position of the bolt ejector 12, in which the lock bolt 21 is pushed back into the door lock 2 and the bolt ejector 12 prevents the lock bolt from engaging the bolt receiving space. Fig. 10, coil 141 is energized, and linear motor 1311 is energized in a first linear direction. As a result, gate 123 is moved toward linear motor 131l, and tension spring 132z, designed as a helical tension spring, is tensioned.

[0069] In Fig. 11, both the coil 141 and the linear motor 1311 are de-energized. The tension spring 132z has returned the sliding block 17 to its initial position, with the bolt ejector 12 again resting in the bolt receiving space 11.

[0070] In Fig. 12, the coil 141 is energized again, and the linear motor 131l is energized in the second linear direction, so that the Fig. 9 shown initial state of the locking device 1 is reached again.

[0071] In Fig. 13 shows the locking device 1 described in the previous embodiments mounted on a fire door 3. The fire door 3 has a stop leaf rotatably mounted on hinges 32. A self-locking door lock 2 is mounted in the leaf 31 as a mortise lock. The lock striker 16 with the drive device 13 and the bolt receiving space 11 is mounted on the door frame opposite the mortise lock.

[0072] A fire detector 5 is mounted above the door leaf 31 and is connected to the lock striker 16 or the drive device 13. When a fire alarm is triggered, the fire detector activates the bolt ejector of the lock striker, causing it to move to its first position to allow the lock bolt to engage the bolt receiving space 11 and thus lock the door 3.

[0073] In Fig. Figure 14 shows the locking device 1 described in the previous embodiments mounted on an escape door 3 in an escape route of a building. The escape door 3 has a stop wing 31 rotatably mounted via hinges 32. A self-locking door lock 2 is mounted in the wing 31 as a mortise lock. Mounted on the door frame opposite the mortise lock is the lock striker 16 with the drive device 13 and the bolt receiving space 11.

[0074] An RWS terminal 6 (escape route security terminal) is mounted on a wall near the door and is connected to the lock case 16 or the drive mechanism 13. The RWS terminal 6 has an emergency button 61 connected to the lock case 16 or the drive mechanism 13. When a panic alarm is triggered by pressing the emergency button 61, the RWS terminal 6 controls the bolt ejector of the lock case 16, causing it to move to its second position to push the lock bolt back from the bolt receiving space 11 into the door lock, thus unlocking the door 3. The door 3 can then be opened using the door handle and used as an escape route to exit the building. List of reference symbols 1 locking device 11 Bolt receiving space 12 bolt ejectors 121 bearing journals 122 axis of rotation 123 backdrop 124 U-spring 125 guide pin 13 Drive device 131 electric motor 1311 electric linear motor 131a Output 132 compression spring 132z mainspring 133 helical gears 133s spindle 14 Holding element 141 coil 141v coil extension 142 Magnetic counter plate 15 Strike plate 16 Housing / Counter box 17 sliding gate valves 171 first scenery 172 second backdrop 173 drivers 2 door lock 21 bars 22 handles 3 Door 31 door leaves 32 door hinge 4 door frame 5 fire detectors 6 RWS terminal 61 Emergency button

Claims

[1] Locking device for securing a fire door (3) or smoke door, with a fire detector (5) and / or a smoke detector to trigger a fire alarm or smoke alarm in the event of fire and / or smoke, with a housing (16) designed as a lock countercase, with a bolt receiving space (11) into which a bolt (21) of a lock (2) engages for locking a leaf (31) of a fire door (3) or a smoke door, and with a bolt ejector (12) which is driven by a drive device (13) and can be moved between a first position and a second position, wherein in the first position the bolt ejector (12) enables engagement of a bolt (21) of a lock (2) into the bolt receiving space (11) and in the second position the bolt ejector (12) prevents engagement of the bolt (21) of a lock (2) into the bolt receiving space (11), and wherein the bolt ejector (12) displaces a bolt (21) of a lock (2) from the bolt receiving space (11) when moving from the first position to the second position, and wherein the drive device (13) comprises an externally powered actuator (131, 131l) and an energy storage device (132, 132z), wherein the drive device (13) is connected to the fire detector (5) and / or the smoke detector and is designed such that the drive device (13) moves the bolt ejector (12) into the first position upon triggering a fire alarm and / or smoke alarm, discharging the energy storage device, and wherein the locking device (1) comprises a control device or is connected to a control device which is connected to and controls the bolt ejector (12) or the drive device (13) of the bolt ejector, wherein the control device has one or more inputs to which a fire detector (5) and / or smoke detector is connected. [2] Locking device for securing an escape door in an escape route of a building, with a housing (16) designed as a lock countercase, with a bolt receiving space (11) into which a bolt (21) of a lock (2) engages for locking a leaf (31) of an escape door (3), with an emergency button (61) and / or an RWS terminal (6) for triggering a panic alarm and / or unlocking the wing (31), and with a bolt ejector (12) which is driven by a drive device (13) and can be moved between a first position and a second position, wherein in the first position the bolt ejector (12) enables engagement of a bolt (21) of a lock (2) into the bolt receiving space (11) and in the second position the bolt ejector (12) prevents engagement of the bolt (21) of a lock (2) into the bolt receiving space (11), and wherein the bolt ejector (12) displaces a bolt (21) of a lock (2) from the bolt receiving space (11) when moving from the first position to the second position, and wherein the drive device (13) has an externally energy-operated actuator (131, 131l) and an energy store (132, 132z), wherein the drive device (13) is connected to the emergency button (61) and / or the RWS terminal (6) and is designed such that the drive device (13) moves the bolt ejector (12) into the second position while discharging the energy store when the emergency button (61) is actuated and / or a panic alarm is triggered. [3] Locking device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by that the energy store is designed as a potential energy store or as a spring store (132, 132z). [4] Locking device according to claim 3, characterized by that the actuator (131, 1311) and / or an output of the actuator is connected to the spring accumulator (132, 132z) in such a way that it charges the spring accumulator (132, 132z) when the bolt ejector (12) is moved from the first position to the second position. [5] Locking device according to claim 4, characterized by that a switchable holding element (14) holds and / or fixes the spring accumulator (132, 132z) in the second position of the bolt ejector (12). [6] Locking device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized by that the spring accumulator (132, 132z) is connected to the actuator in such a way that it supports the actuator (131, 1311) when moving the bolt ejector (12) from the second position to the first position and is at least partially discharged in the process. [7] Locking device according to claim 4 or 5, characterized by that the switchable holding element (14) holds and / or fixes the spring accumulator (132, 132z) in its charged position, while only the actuator (131, 131l) moves the bolt ejector (12) from the second position to the first position. [8] Locking device according to claim 6, characterized bythat only the spring accumulator (132, 132z) and / or an output of the spring accumulator (132, 132z) moves the bolt ejector (12) from the second position to the first position after release of the switchable holding element (14). [9] Locking device according to claim 3, characterized by that the actuator (131, 1311) and / or an output of the actuator is connected to the spring accumulator (132, 132z) in such a way that it charges the spring accumulator (132, 132z) when the bolt ejector (12) is moved from the second position to the first position. [10] Locking device according to claim 9, characterized by that a switchable holding element (14) holds and / or fixes the spring accumulator in the first position of the bolt ejector (12) in a charged position. [11] Locking device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized bythat the spring accumulator (132, 132z) is connected to the actuator in such a way that it supports the actuator (131, 131l) when moving the bolt ejector (12) from the first position to the second position and is at least partially discharged in the process. [12] Locking device according to claim 9 or 10, characterized by that the holding element (14) holds and / or fixes the spring accumulator (132, 132z) in the charged position, while only the actuator (131, 1311) and / or an output of the actuator moves the bolt ejector (12) from the first position to the second position. [13] Locking device according to claim 11, characterized by that after release of the holding element (14) only the spring accumulator (132, 132z) and / or an output of the spring accumulator moves the bolt ejector (12) from the first position to the second position. [14] Locking device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized bythat the drive device (13) is connected to the bolt ejector (12) via a self-locking gear (133). [15] Locking device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by that the actuator is designed as an electric lifting magnet. [16] Locking device according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized by that the actuator is designed as an electric motor with rotary output (131). [17] Locking device according to claim 16, characterized by that the electric motor with rotary output (131) rotates a spindle (133s) with an external thread, on which a spindle nut (141, 141v) cooperating with the bolt ejector (12) is guided in a linearly displaceable manner. [18] Locking device according to claim 17, characterized bythat the spring accumulator has a spring designed as a torsion spring, which is connected to the rotary output of the motor (131) or the spindle (133s) on the one hand and to a stop fixed to the housing on the other hand. [19] Locking device according to claim 17 or 18, characterized by that the switchable holding element (14) blocks and / or releases rotation of the spindle (133s). [20] Locking device according to one of claims 4 to 8 or 10 to 19, characterized by that the switchable holding element (14) is designed as an electrical holding magnet with an energizable coil (141) and counter plate (142). [21] Locking device according to claim 20, characterized bythat the spindle nut (141, 141v) has two parts which can be selectively separated from one another and / or connected to one another, wherein a first part of the spindle nut (141, 141v) is designed as an electrical holding magnet (141) and the second part is designed as a counter-plate (142) interacting with the magnet (141). [22] Locking device according to claim 20 or 21, characterized by that the counter plate (142) is connected to the bolt ejector (12) directly or via a gear. [23] Locking device according to one of claims 20 to 22, characterized by that the counter plate (142) is movable in the axial direction of the spindle independently of the first part of the spindle nut (133m) when the holding element (14) is switched off. [24] Locking device according to one of claims 20 to 23, characterized bythat a spring of the spring accumulator is designed as a tension or compression spring (132, 132z) and is arranged between a stop fixed to the housing and the counter plate (142). [25] Locking device according to one of claims 20 to 23, characterized by that a spring of the spring accumulator is designed as a compression spring (132) and is arranged between the holding magnet (141) and the counter plate (142). [26] Locking device according to claim 25, characterized by that the threaded spindle (133s) has in its interior a receiving space which is at least partially enclosed by an outer wall of the threaded spindle (133s) and the compression spring (132) is arranged in this receiving space. [27] Locking device according to claim 26, characterized by , that the threaded spindle (133s) has one or more recesses in its outer wall in the region of the receiving space, through which a part of the counter-plate (142) and / or a part of the electromagnet (141) extends in order to cooperate with the compression spring (132) or is or are connected to the compression spring (132), or through which a connection of the compression spring (132) extends in order to cooperate with the counter-plate (142) and / or the electromagnet (141) or is or are connected to the counter-plate (142) and / or the electromagnet (141).

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