Mask adapter for connecting two breathing hoses of a closed-circuit breathing apparatus to a breathing mask
Patent Information
- Application Number
- DE102017011909
- Authority / Receiving Office
- DE · DE
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2017-12-21
- Publication Date
- 2025-02-27
- Estimated Expiration
- 2037-12-21
Smart Images

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Abstract
Description
[0001] The present invention relates to a mask adapter for connecting two breathing tubes of a closed-circuit breathing apparatus to a breathing mask, a housing adapter for connecting a breathing tube to such a closed-circuit breathing apparatus, a breathing tube system with two breathing tubes and such a mask adapter, and a method for adapting a breathing tube system to alternative wearing positions.
[0002] Known prior art is disclosed in US 2,486,427 A, US 2014 / 0 338 670 A1, and DE 38 23 383 A1. It is known that closed-circuit breathing apparatus are used to protect users of such protective devices in adverse environments. For this purpose, the closed-circuit breathing apparatus are equipped with respiratory protection components, which are divided into a cooling component, a purification component for the exhaust air from the user, and a storage component for providing oxygen or fresh air. In the known solutions, these closed-circuit breathing apparatus are equipped with breathing tube systems, which essentially have two breathing tubes.
[0003] This consists of a first breathing tube for the supply air and a second breathing tube for the exhaust air from the user back into the closed-circuit breathing apparatus. Typically, the two breathing tubes are each routed over one shoulder of the wearer of the closed-circuit breathing apparatus.
[0004] Putting on a closed-circuit breathing apparatus with the known solutions requires a lot of practice.
[0005] It cannot be put on from the side like a heavy backpack, but must be done upside down.
[0006] In other words, the closed-circuit breathing apparatus, along with the breathing tube system, is placed over the user's head and onto the back, so that the first breathing tube is automatically routed over the user's left shoulder and the second breathing tube over the user's right shoulder. Removing a closed-circuit breathing apparatus occurs in the opposite direction.
[0007] A particular disadvantage of the known solutions is the fixed arrangement of the breathing hoses over both shoulders. In addition to the relatively complex donning and doffing of a closed-circuit breathing apparatus, this leads to limited use. On the one hand, this is the disadvantage that in confined spaces the user cannot remove the closed-circuit breathing apparatus quickly and easily, and especially not alone, because the routing of the breathing hoses over both shoulders prevents this. A further disadvantage is that the closed-circuit breathing apparatus of the known solutions can only be operated on the user's back due to the fixed routing of the breathing hoses over both shoulders. Driving a motor vehicle, however, requires that the user's back remains free.However, a conventional closed-circuit breathing apparatus cannot be placed next to the user while driving a vehicle, as this would pose the risk of kinking or damaging the forced breathing hoses. In summary, it can be said that conventional closed-circuit breathing apparatus are fixed to a specific wearing position, thus limiting the flexibility in the use of such closed-circuit breathing apparatus.
[0008] It is an object of the present invention to at least partially remedy the disadvantages described above.
[0009] In particular, it is an object of the present invention to improve the flexibility in the use of a closed-circuit breathing apparatus in a cost-effective and simple manner.
[0010] The above object is achieved by a mask adapter having the features of claim 1, a housing adapter having the features of claim 4, a breathing tube system having the features of claim 9, and a method having the features of claim 11. Further features and details of the invention emerge from the subclaims, the description, and the drawings. Features and details explained in connection with the mask adapter according to the invention naturally also apply in connection with the housing adapter according to the invention, the breathing tube system according to the invention, and the method according to the invention, and vice versa, so that with regard to the disclosure of the individual aspects of the invention, reference is or can always be made to each other.
[0011] According to the invention, a mask adapter is provided for connecting two breathing tubes of a closed-circuit breathing apparatus to a breathing mask. For this purpose, the mask adapter has a mask connector for a fluid-communicating connection with a breathing area of the breathing mask. Furthermore, the mask adapter is equipped with two hose connectors, each with a hose connection axis for a fluid-communicating connection with a breathing tube. The first hose connector has an air supply valve, and the second hose connector has an exhaust valve. Furthermore, the first hose connection axis of the first hose connector forms an acute hose connection angle with the second hose connection axis of the second hose connector.
[0012] A mask adapter according to the invention is fundamentally based on the technical implementations already used for connecting known breathing tube systems. For this purpose, the mask connector is designed, in particular, as a quick-release fastener, to be connected to a user's breathing mask in a fluid-communicating and sealed manner. This is the mask connector that enables fluid communication, i.e., inhalation and exhalation within the breathing zone of the breathing mask for the user, i.e., the wearer of the breathing mask. In addition, the supply air supply and exhaust air discharge require a combination of two breathing tubes, which also connect to the mask adapter. For this purpose, the mask adapter features two hose connectors designed for a fluid-communicating and sealed connection of the two breathing tubes. The described connections are specifically sealed connections that can provide a fluid-tight fluid-communicating connection using, for example, union nuts or other mechanical securing systems, such as hose clamps.
[0013] A key idea of the present invention is that the mask adapter has a defined alignment of the two hose connections While known solutions typically provide a T-shaped mouthpiece as a mask adapter, the inventive design of the mask adapter provides improved alignment of the hose connection axes. In the known T-shaped mouthpieces according to the prior art, this results in the hose connections on the left and right of such a T-piece being directed outward.
[0014] The correspondingly connected breathing hoses are therefore led away from the T-piece to the left and right and are routed with a short length over the left and right shoulders in the known manner to the closed-circuit breathing apparatus.
[0015] To increase flexibility in wearing positions and wearer comfort, the design according to the invention now allows for improved routing and discharge of the two breathing tubes. This is ensured by the two tube connection axes forming an acute tube connection angle. The tube connection angle in the acute design is preferably less than 45°.
[0016] However, significantly smaller hose connection angles of less than 30° are preferred. As will be explained later, a particularly compact routing of the breathing hoses can be achieved if the hose connection angle (α) is as small as possible, i.e., according to the invention, it is α = 0°. i.e. the two breathing tubes are led parallel from the two tube connectors downwards away from the mask adapter.
[0017] It may be advantageous if the alignment of the two hose connection axes is in opposite or substantially opposite directions compared to a mask connection axis of the mask connection.
[0018] According to the invention, it is now possible to connect the mask adapter to the breathing mask in a known manner, thus forming a fluid-communicating connection. In order to ensure the supply and removal of supply and exhaust air, the inventive alignment of the two hose connections or the two hose connection axes allows the two breathing hoses to be led downwards in front of the user's chest. This allows for flexible further routing of the breathing hoses. The already known solution is also conceivable in which the two breathing hoses each curve to the left and right in front of the user's chest and are routed over the user's left and right shoulders to the closed-circuit breathing apparatus.However, as an alternative to this carrying position, the two breathing tubes can also be routed together over the left shoulder or together over the right shoulder.
[0019] This leaves the other shoulder free of breathing tubes, allowing the closed-circuit breathing apparatus to be picked up and taken off from the side, like a heavy backpack. In particular, in this carrying position, or with the breathing tubes guided in this way, the closed-circuit breathing apparatus can also be operated off the user's back. Because the breathing tubes now exit downwards from the mask adapter, the closed-circuit breathing apparatus can now be positioned next to the user, for example, on the passenger seat of a motor vehicle, without kinking or risk of damage. This not only improves wearing comfort, ease of donning and doffing, but also the flexibility of the closed-circuit breathing apparatus for different applications using a mask adapter according to the invention.
[0020] Last but not least, it is also conceivable that the breathing tubes routed downwards through the mask adapter are not inserted over the user's shoulders, but under the user's arms to the side and rear on one side or on both sides into the closed-circuit breathing apparatus.
[0021] It should also be noted that, depending on the positioning of the breathing hoses, the closed-circuit breathing apparatus can, of course, be adapted to corresponding inlet positions or adapter interfaces for accommodating the correspondingly routed breathing hoses. However, it is also conceivable that adapter pieces described later, such as the housing adapter, can be used to adapt two standard interfaces for connecting breathing hoses on the closed-circuit breathing apparatus to different hose routing systems or hose routing directions. This allows a standard-equipped closed-circuit breathing apparatus with a mask adapter according to the invention to be used in a wide variety of ways and in a wide variety of wearing and operating positions.
[0022] It may be advantageous if, in a mask adapter according to the invention, the first hose connection axis and the second hose connection axis are aligned parallel to each other, so that the hose connection angle is 0°. It should be noted in particular that this is the opposite of a parallel coaxial alignment of the two hose connection axes in the known T-shaped mask adapters. A T-shaped mask adapter, which in known solutions provides a hose connection from left to right, would have a hose connection angle of approximately 180° in the context of the present invention. The parallel downward-oriented design with a hose connection angle of 0° or essentially 0° further reduces the space requirement and increases the compactness of the overall system.
[0023] The parallel and thus space-saving routing of the tubes makes the advantages described in the invention even easier and more effective to achieve. Of course, with parallel routing of the breathing tubes, it is also conceivable that they are subsequently connected to each other, forming a connected double-tube system or a double breathing tube.
[0024] It may also be advantageous if, in a mask adapter according to the invention, the mask connection has a mask connection axis, wherein the hose connection axes are designed according to the invention to be axially symmetrical to the mask connection axis.
[0025] In particular, the axially symmetrical design is symmetrical to a mask division plane which is spanned by the center of the breathing mask and contains the mask connection or the mask connection axis.
[0026] This creates an overall symmetry for the mask, which is particularly beneficial with regard to the tensile forces that are transferred from the breathing tubes to the breathing mask when the user moves.
[0027] A symmetrical load distribution means that the pulling or transfer of the tensile load to the breathing mask becomes predictable and thus comfortable for the user.
[0028] Further advantages can be achieved if, in a mask adapter according to the invention, the first hose connection axis is designed to be adjustable relative to the second hose connection axis, allowing for a change in the hose connection angle. Thus, it is conceivable that the orientation of the hose connections relative to one another is adjustable, for example, tiltable. A single hose connection or both hose connections can have this relative adjustability, allowing even more flexible adaptation to the respective wearing style. Adaptation or variation to the personal preferences of the user of the closed-circuit breathing apparatus is also conceivable in this way.It is preferred if the change in the hose connection angle is limited to the range of acute hose connection angles, so that no unnecessarily large adjustability has to be provided in order not to impair the compactness of the mask adapter component despite increased flexibility. In order to be able to adjust the angle positions of the hose connection angle accordingly, it can be advantageous if corresponding locking devices can define and fix individual angle positions.
[0029] It can also be advantageous if, in a mask adapter according to the invention, the mask connector has a mask connection interface that is at least partially rotation-free, allowing for a relatively rotatable connection to the breathing mask. This provides, so to speak, an additional degree of freedom, allowing a pendulum movement of the mask adapter in front of the user's breathing mask. This expanded degree of freedom leads to improved comfort and a better wearing experience and significantly increases the flexibility and mobility of the user, particularly of the user's head.
[0030] It may also be advantageous if, in a mask adapter according to the invention, the first hose connection and the second hose connection are arranged next to one another at the same height and the first hose connection and the second hose connection are arranged in a common plane. This significantly improves the compactness of the mask adapter and also facilitates installation. The entire mask adapter is thus small and lightweight, and is optimized both in terms of installation and in terms of preventing interference from the user's chest or neck area.
[0031] The present invention also relates to a housing adapter for connecting a breathing hose to a closed-circuit breathing apparatus. Such a housing adapter has a housing connection with a housing connection axis for a fluid-communicating connection to a respiratory protection component of the closed-circuit breathing apparatus. Furthermore, the housing adapter is equipped with an angle connection with an angle connection axis for a fluid-communicating connection to the breathing hose. The housing connection axis, together with the angle connection axis, encloses a housing connection angle of less than 160°. A housing adapter is used in particular in combination with a mask adapter according to the invention. The housing adapter now makes it possible to provide a variation in the breathing hose routing with the standard upwardly oriented outlet directions of the corresponding mating connections of a closed-circuit breathing apparatus.Because the housing adapter now acts as an angled piece, allowing the outlet direction from the closed-circuit breathing apparatus to be bent from the breathing protection component, this enables the breathing hoses to be guided both sideways and forwards in an improved manner. In particular, a wearing position as explained, with the breathing hoses on one side of the user's shoulder so that the other side of the user's shoulder remains free, is further improved with a housing adapter according to the invention. In particular, the compactness of the routing of the breathing hoses is improved and, at the same time, the freedom from kinks is optimized. The risk of kinking or damage caused by appropriately tensioned routing of the breathing hoses can be effectively reduced by the housing adapter. The housing connection angle is preferably significantly less than 160°, more preferably in the range of approximately 90° ± 20°.
[0032] A housing adapter according to the invention thus also increases the flexibility, as has already been explained with reference to a mask adapter according to the invention, so that the housing adapter also achieves the same advantages as have been explained in detail with reference to a mask adapter according to the invention.
[0033] A housing adapter according to the invention can be further developed such that the housing connection is arranged on a first adapter component and the angle connection is arranged on a second adapter component, which are connected to one another. This results in a particularly simple design, since, in particular, different materials can be combined for the two connections. For example, a connection between the two adapter components can be produced using a two-component injection molding process. Gluing or locking the individual adapter components together is also conceivable. Plug-in or screw connections, as well as clamp connections, are also conceivable within the scope of the present invention for connecting the two adapter components.
[0034] A further advantage can be achieved if the housing connection of a housing adapter according to the invention is made of an elastomer material. The increased flexibility provided by the elastic design of the material dampens relative movements of the breathing tubes to the user. Furthermore, in combination with the two components, this allows for a simple and cost-effective connection of the breathing tubes to the closed-circuit breathing apparatus.
[0035] It may also be advantageous if, in a housing adapter according to the invention, the angle connection is designed with a reversible fastening device. A reversible fastening allows the housing adapter to be attached to or removed from the breathing tube quickly and easily, for example in the form of a quick-release fastener. For a quick variation before starting the operation, the user can now decide quickly, easily and, above all, in a short time which carrying position is necessary or ideal for the upcoming operation.
[0036] Furthermore, it is advantageous if, in a housing adapter according to the invention, the angle connection axis is adjustable relative to the housing connection axis to change the housing connection angle. This also provides an additional degree of freedom, which enables switching between different wearing positions of the breathing tubes. To better reach or define the corresponding end positions or switching positions, these end positions or usage positions can be mechanically fixed as a locking position using locking means.
[0037] A further subject of the present invention is a breathing tube system for connection to a closed-circuit breathing apparatus, comprising a mask adapter according to the invention. A breathing tube is fluidly connected to each tube connection of the mask adapter. The fluidly communicating connection can be provided, for example, using seals or sealing means or using mechanical fastening components, such as union nuts. By using a mask adapter according to the invention, a breathing tube system according to the invention offers the same advantages as those explained in detail with reference to the mask adapter according to the invention.
[0038] It is also possible for a breathing tube system according to the invention to have exactly one breathing tube connected to a housing adapter according to the present invention at the end opposite the tube connector in a fluid-communicating manner. Thus, such a breathing tube system also offers the advantages explained in detail with reference to the housing adapter according to the invention.
[0039] If exactly one breathing hose is equipped with the housing adapter, the other breathing hose is free of such a housing adapter, so that in a simple and cost-effective manner it is possible to distribute the two breathing hoses, which are led together over one shoulder of the user, on his back to the breathing protection components of the closed-circuit breathing apparatus.
[0040] A further subject of the present invention is a method for adapting a breathing tube system according to the invention to an alternative wearing position, comprising the following step: - Forming a fluid-communicating connection between the end of exactly one breathing tube opposite the tube connection with a housing adapter according to the invention.
[0041] This creates a breathing tube system according to the preceding paragraph, so that a simple and cost-effective changeover between different wearing variants is possible using a method according to the invention.
[0042] Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description, in which embodiments of the invention are described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0043] The features mentioned in the claims and in the description may be essential to the invention individually or in any combination.
[0044] They show schematically: Fig. 1 an embodiment of a mask adapter according to the invention, Fig. 2 the embodiment of the Fig. 1 in side view, Fig. 3 the design of the Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 in plan view, Fig. 4 the embodiments of the Fig. 1 to 3 in bottom view, Fig. 5 the embodiments of the Fig. 1 to 4 on a breathing mask, Fig. 6 shows a further embodiment of a mask adapter according to the invention, Fig. 7 the embodiments of the Fig. 1 to 5 for a user in front view, Fig. 8 the embodiment of the Fig. 7 in side view, Fig. 9 the embodiments of the Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 in plan view, Fig. 10 the embodiments of the Fig. 7 to 9 in isometric view, Fig. 11 an embodiment of a housing adapter according to the invention, Fig. 12 the embodiment of the Fig. 11 in perspective view, Fig. 13 the embodiments of the Fig. 11 and Fig. 12 in plan view and Fig. 14 the embodiments of the Fig. 11 to 13 in side view.
[0045] The Fig. 1 to 4 show a mask adapter 10 according to the present invention. This is equipped with a mask connector 20, which can provide a fluid-communicating connection to a breathing mask 400 along a mask connector axis 22. A corresponding connection is shown in Fig. 5. Via a mask connection interface 24, which is designed in particular to be rotation-free, Fig. 5 provides a fluid-communicating connection to the breathing area 410 inside the breathing mask 400. This can be achieved, for example, by a bayonet lock, snap-in, or by using union nuts in a known manner.
[0046] According to the invention, this mask adapter 10 is the Fig. 1 to 5 are equipped with a first hose connection 30 and a second hose connection 40.
[0047] Each of these hose connections has a hose connection axis 32 or 42, which in the embodiment of the Fig. 1 to 5 are aligned vertically downwards and thus parallel to each other. The resulting hose connection angle α is accordingly set at 0° and is designed contrary to known solutions in which the hose connections were aligned to the left and right in T-shaped mouth connectors.
[0048] In order to distinguish the two hose connections 30 and 40 between the supply air and the exhaust air, you can see in Fig. 4 in the bottom view that an air supply valve 34 is arranged in the first hose connection 30 and an exhaust air valve 44 is arranged in the second hose connection 40.
[0049] In Fig. Figure 6 shows an alternative embodiment of the mask adapter 10. Here, the two hose connections 30 and 40 are aligned differently, so that an acute hose connection angle α in the range of approximately 30° is now formed between the first hose connection axis 32 and the second hose connection axis 42. The Fig. 7 to 10 show schematically how, using a mask adapter 10 according to the Fig. 1 to 5 an improved hose routing of the breathing hose system 200 is possible.
[0050] Starting from the parallel downwardly aligned hose connections 30 and 40 of the mask adapter 10, in particular in the Fig. 7 clearly shows how the two breathing tubes 210 are guided downwards, parallel to each other, centrally in front of the user's chest. In a common bend, the two breathing tubes 210 of the breathing tube system 200 now continue to run parallel over a common right shoulder of the user, so that the user's left shoulder remains free of the breathing tube system 210.
[0051] In the top view in Fig. 9 and especially in Fig. 10 clearly shows how the two breathing hoses 210 are now routed to the two standard interfaces of the closed-circuit breathing apparatus 300 on the user's back. Several breathing protection components 310 are arranged inside the closed-circuit breathing apparatus 300, with each of the two breathing hoses 210 leading to one of these breathing protection components 310, in particular to an exhaust air purification component or to a supply air cooling component.
[0052] As in the Fig. 7 to 10, the hose routing in the breathing hose system 200 in this embodiment is further optimized by the use of a housing adapter 100. Such a housing adapter 100 is explained in more detail with reference to the Fig. 11 to 14.
[0053] The Fig. 11 to 14 show a housing adapter 100, which here is constructed from two adapter components 102 and 104.
[0054] The housing adapter 100 is equipped on the first adapter component 102 with a housing connection 110, which is designed for connection to the housing of the closed-circuit breathing apparatus 300 or the breathing protection component 310.
[0055] The second adapter component 104 now has the angled connector 120 to provide a corresponding connection to a breathing hose 100. Mechanical union nuts are again provided here for sealing and fastening. The connection between the two adapter components 102 and 104 can be provided using a 2K injection molding process as well as by adhesive bonding or other fastening methods.
[0056] In the Fig. 12 shows the axial ratio of angle connection 120 and housing connection 110. The housing connection axis 112, together with the angle connection axis 122, forms a housing connection angle β of approximately 90°. This 90° bend allows the lateral routing along the user's back for the second breathing tube 210, as can be seen particularly in the top view of the Fig. 9 can be seen.
[0057] In the Fig. 13 and Fig. 14 shows the correlation to the breathing tube 210 in more detail, as it is also shown in the arrangement according to the Fig. 7 to 10 can be seen.
[0058] The above explanation of the embodiments describes the present invention exclusively by way of examples.
[0059] Of course, individual features of the embodiments can be freely combined with one another, provided that this is technically reasonable, without departing from the scope of the present invention. LIST OF REFERENCE SYMBOLS 10 mask adapters 20 mask connection 22 Mask connection axis 24 mask connection interface 30 first hose connection 32 first hose connection axis 34 Supply air valve 40 second hose connection 42 second hose connection axis 44 Exhaust valve 100 housing adapters 102 first adapter component 104 second adapter component 110 Housing connection 112 Housing connection axis 120 angle connection 122 Angle connection axis 200 breathing circuit system 210 breathing tube 300 closed-circuit breathing apparatus 310 respiratory protection component 400 breathing mask 410 Breathing area α hose connection angle β Housing connection angle
Claims
[1] Mask adapter (10) for connecting two breathing tubes (210) of a closed-circuit breathing apparatus (300) to a breathing mask (400), comprising a mask connection (20) for a fluid-communicating connection with a breathing area (410) of the breathing mask (400) and two hose connections (30, 40) with hose connection axes (32, 42) for a fluid-communicating connection with a breathing tube (210) each, wherein the first hose connection (30) has an air supply valve (34) and the second hose connection (40) has an exhaust air valve (44), wherein furthermore the first hose connection axis (32) of the first hose connection (30) encloses an acute hose connection angle (α) with the second hose connection axis (42) of the second hose connection (40), wherein a) the first hose connection axis (32) and the second hose connection axis (42) are aligned parallel to each other, so that the hose connection angle (α) is 0° and / or b) the mask connection (20) has a mask connection axis (22), wherein the hose connection axes (32, 42) are axially symmetrical to the mask connection axis (22) and / or c) the first hose connection axis (32) is adjustable relative to the second hose connection axis (42) for changing the hose connection angle (α). [2] Mask adapter (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the mask connector (20) has a partially rotation-free mask connection interface (24) for a partially relatively rotatable connection to the breathing mask (400). [3] Mask adapter (10) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first hose connection (30) and the second hose connection (40) are arranged next to one another at the same height, wherein the first hose connection (30) and the second hose connection (40) are arranged in a common plane. [4] Housing adapter (100) for connecting a breathing hose (210) to a closed-circuit breathing apparatus (300), comprising a housing connection (110) with a housing connection axis (112) for a fluid-communicating connection with a breathing protection component (310) of the closed-circuit breathing apparatus (300) and an angle connection (120) with an angle connection axis (122) for a fluid-communicating connection with the breathing hose (210), wherein the housing connection axis (112) encloses a housing connection angle (β) of less than 160° with the angle connection axis (122). [5] Housing adapter (100) according to claim 4, wherein the housing connection (110) is arranged on a first adapter component (102) and the angle connection (120) is arranged on a second adapter component (104), which are connected to each other. [6] Housing adapter (100) according to one of claims 4 or 5, wherein the housing connection (110) is formed from an elastic material. [7] Housing adapter (100) according to one of claims 4 to 6, wherein the angle connection (120) is formed with a reversible fastening device. [8] Housing adapter (100) according to one of claims 4 to 7, wherein the angle connection axis (122) is adjustable relative to the housing connection axis (112) for changing the housing connection angle (β). [9] Breathing tube system (200) for connection to a closed-circuit breathing apparatus (300), comprising a mask adapter (10) having the features of one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a breathing tube (210) is connected in a fluid-communicating manner to each tube connection (30, 40). [10] Breathing tube system (200) according to claim 9, wherein exactly one breathing tube (210) is fluidly connected at the opposite end to the tube connector (30, 40) to a housing adapter (100) having the features of one of claims 4 to 8. [11] A method for adapting a breathing tube system (200) having the features of claim 10 to an alternative wearing position, comprising the following step: - Forming a fluid-communicating connection between the end of exactly one breathing tube (210) opposite the tube connection (30, 40) with a housing adapter (100) having the features of one of claims 4 to 8.
Citation Information
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